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Pituitary adenomas are a group of disease with broad different clinical characteristics and complications. We aimed to present the data of patients being followed in a single center and discuss the pituitary adenomas based on the literature. Two hundred and twenty patients followed at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical School of Ondokuz Mayis University, were included into study. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and treatment modalities were examined retrospectively. 59% of patients were female and 41% were male. Mean age during the diagnosis was 43.7 years. Pituitary macroadenomas were 62% of all adenomas and 73% of pituitary adenomas were functional. Among the functional adenomas, the most frequently seen types were prolactin-secreting adenoma and growth-hormone secreting adenoma. Treatment options were surgical treatment (67%), medical treatment (20%) and radiotherapy (7%). Post-operative complications were developed in 27 (13.2%) of patients. In patients with non-functional adenoma, the cure after surgery was detected as 19.6% and the remission after the surgery was detected as 8.9%. In this study, the characteristics of the pituitary adenomas were found similar to the literature in general. The early diagnosis of the disease has a significant importance in terms of treatment and the response to the treatment.

WOS: 000522673900009 Pheochromocytoma are the functional adrenal lesions originating from the chromaffin cells. For the cases of pheochromocytoma observed in multiple endocrine neoplasia Type 2 and Von Hippel syndrome, the bilateral adrenal glands are involved. In classical approach, total adrenalectomy is applicable on such masses while adrenal failure is almost inevitable. Lifelong cortisol and fludrocortisones replacement are necessary for the patients with adrenal failure while the rate of morbidity and mortality has significantly increased. With the introduction of the minimal invasive surgical approach, cortex sparing adrenalectomy has been brought forward for the adrenal tumors. The primary objective of the cortex sparing surgery is to prevent the lifelong replacement and the permanent adrenal failure after adrenalectomy. Therefore, it is particularly preferred in the case of genetic pheochromocytoma with bilateral adrenal involvement. However, in the case of the selected cases, it can also be applicable for adenoma producing aldostrerone and Cushing syndrome. The adrenal tumor will be completely removed and if sufficient tissue is reserved in the manner to preserve the cortex function, no long-term recurrence and adrenal failure is to be developed. Therefore, cortex-sparing surgery may be a good alternative to total adrenalectomy for the patients with small benign functional adrenal tumors or bilateral genetic pheochromocytoma.

Purpose To compare the central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and tear insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels between patients with acromegaly and a control group and to evaluate the possible effect of tear IGF-1 and duration of the disease on CCT and IOP. Methods We included 31 patients with acromegaly (study group) and 40 age- and sex-matched controls in the study. Patients with acromegaly were divided into 2 subgroups based on disease status (active/inactive). All participants underwent complete ophthalmologic evaluation including CCT and IOP values. Basal tear samples were collected from both groups and tear IGF-1 levels were measured. The CCT, IOP, and tear IGF-1 levels were compared between groups and subgroups and the association between tear IGF-I levels and ocular parameters (CCT, IOP) and disease duration were also evaluated. Results Central corneal thickness, IOP, and tear IGF-1 levels did not show a significant difference between study and control groups. We also did not find a significant difference in terms of CCT, IOP, or tear IGF-1 levels between subgroups of patients. Correlation analysis did not show an association between the duration of disease and tear IGF-1 levels with CCT or IOP. Conclusions There was no significant difference in tear IGF-1 levels between patients with acromegaly and controls. Additionally, there was no correlation between disease duration and tear IGF-1 levels with CCT or IOP levels. This lack of association may suggest that tear IGF-1 levels might not have an effect on CCT or IOP findings in patients with acromegaly.

The adrenal gland consists of two endocrine tissues of different embryological origin, namely the primarily steroid-producing adrenocortical tissue, and the catecholamine-producing chromaffin cells. 1 Adrenal catecholamines and steroids are important regulators of the stress response, immune function, blood pressure and energy homeostasis. 2 Chromaffin cells regulate steroid hormone release by the adrenal cortex. Steroids induce catecholamine production in the medulla. Consequently, disorders of the adrenal cortex have been shown to affect chromaffin cell function and vice versa. 3 We report on a patient with an unusual combination of Addison’s disease and phaeochromocytoma, whose initial presentation was adrenocortical failure. After replacement therapy for adrenocortical failure, a clinical presentation of phaeochromocytoma emerged.

Objective: We aimed to examine the knowledge and consciousness levels of participators about Graves orbitopathy (GO) by conducting an investigation of ophthalmopathy consciousness of Graves patients, providing coordination among all health institutions and ophthalmologists and giving information about the subject to patients.Materials and Methods: A total of 50 Graves patients applying to the Ondokuz Mayis University Endocrinology outpatient service were included in the study. Specially prepared questionnaire forms were used for the evaluation. The education levels of the patients were evaluated in four groups as illiterates and graduates of primary school, secondary school-high school, and university.Results: Overall, 38.8% of the graduates of primary school, 71.4% of the graduates of secondary school-high school, and 63.6% of university graduates had GO consciousness. Although 24% of the patients had this consciousness, they were not going to regular eye check-ups; 86% of the patients had this GO information through their physicians. Also, 46% of the patients were smoking, and it was detected that just half of them were warned about smoking.Conclusion: It was observed that although the patients who were followed up with Graves were seen by all healthcare centers, they were not adequately informed about eye involvement. Thus, these patients should be informed at the first visit, and regular ophthalmologic examinations should be provided for them. © 2014 by Erciyes University School of Medicine.

Akromegali, artmis buyume hormonu (BH) sekresyonu ve artmis insulin benzeri buyume hormonu-1 (IGF-1) seviyeleri ile karakterize kronik bir hastaliktir. Akromegalide tedavi secenekleri cerrahi, radyoterapi ve medikal tedavidir. Medikal tedavide somatostatin analoglari, dopamin agonistleri ve pegvisomant kullanilmaktadir. Pegvisomant, buyume hormonu reseptor antagonisti olup etkisini reseptor dimerizasyonunun engellenmesi ile birlikte IGF-1 salinimi icin gerekli intraseluler yolaklari engelleyerek gosterir. Cerrahi ve maksimum doz ve kombinasyonda medikal tedaviye ragmen biyokimyasal yanit saglanamayan hastalarda ucuncu basamak tedavide kullanilir. Bu derlemede, akromegali tedavisinde diger seceneklere gore nispeten yeni olan pegvisomant tedavisi klinigimizdeki tedavi sonuclarimiz ile birlikte guncel literatur isiginda tekrar gozden gecirilmistir.