1,206 results on '"Earl, L."'
Search Results
2. Brodalumab: 5-Year US Pharmacovigilance Report
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Mark G. Lebwohl, John Y. Koo, April W. Armstrong, Bruce E. Strober, George M. Martin, Nicole N. Rawnsley, Earl L. Goehring, and Abby A. Jacobson
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Adverse events ,Drug reaction ,Psoriasis ,Real-world ,Safety ,Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Brodalumab is a human interleukin-17 receptor A antagonist indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adult patients who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy and have failed to respond or have lost response to other systemic therapies. Although the US prescribing information for brodalumab includes a boxed warning regarding suicidal ideation and behavior, no causal association has been demonstrated. Here, we summarize 5 years of pharmacovigilance data, from August 15, 2017, through August 14, 2022, reported to Ortho Dermatologics by US patients and healthcare providers. Methods Prevalence of the most common adverse events (AEs) listed in the brodalumab package insert (incidence ≥ 1%) and AEs of special interest are described. Brodalumab exposure was estimated as the time from the first to last prescription-dispensing authorization dates. Data were collected from 4744 patients in the USA, with an estimated exposure of 5815 patient-years. Results Over 5 years, 11 cases of adjudicated major adverse cardiovascular events were reported (0.23 events/100 patients), a rate lower than that experienced by patients in the international Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry. There were 106 serious infections. No serious fungal infections were reported. There were 40 confirmed and 2 suspected COVID-19 cases, with no new COVID-19-related deaths. Of 49 reported malignancies among 42 patients, 3 were deemed possibly related to brodalumab. No completed suicides and no new suicidal attempts were reported. Conclusion Five-year pharmacovigilance data are consistent with the established safety profile reported in long-term clinical trials and previous pharmacovigilance reports, with no new safety signals.
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- 2024
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3. What kinds of insights do Safety-I and Safety-II approaches provide? A critical reflection on the use of SHERPA and FRAM in healthcare
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Sujan, M., Lounsbury, O., Pickup, L., Kaya, G.K., Earl, L., and McCulloch, P.
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- 2024
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4. Vitamin C levels of selected Philippine indigenous berries as affected by fruit maturity and processing treatment
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Castillo-Israel, Katherine Ann T., Flandez, Lloyd Earl L., Tuaño, Arvin Paul P., Sartagoda, Kristel June D., and Compendio, Ma. Carisse M.
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- 2023
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5. Impact of drying on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of bignay [Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng.] pomace
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Zubia, Claire S., Babaran, Gilda Melanie O., Duque, Sheba Mae M., Mopera, Lotis E., Flandez, Lloyd Earl L., Castillo-Israel, Katherine Ann T., and Reginio, Jr, Florencio C.
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- 2023
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6. Vitamin C levels of selected Philippine indigenous berries as affected by fruit maturity and processing treatment
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Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel, Lloyd Earl L. Flandez, Arvin Paul P. Tuaño, Kristel June D. Sartagoda, and Ma. Carisse M. Compendio
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Berries ,Bignay ,Lipote ,Flesh ,HPLC ,Maturity ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
Abstract The Philippines as a tropical country is home to several indigenous berries that offer enough supply of health-promoting bioactive compounds like vitamin C. Vitamin C is an important micronutrient in the human diet that is usually supplied by fruits and vegetables. The amount of this vitamin in different products varies depending on the species, variety, maturity, processing, and other conditions. In this study, the vitamin C contents of selected Philippine indigenous berries such as bignay and lipote were evaluated as affected by fruit maturity and processing treatment. Fruits of two bignay (Antidesma bunius (Linn.) Spreng), varieties, ‘Common’ and ‘Kalabaw’, as well as of lipote (Syzygium polycephaloides (C. B. Rob.) Merr.), at three maturity stages (unripe, half-ripe, and fully ripe) were acquired in Laguna, Philippines. Samples were subjected to two processing treatments: blanched (90 ± 5 °C, 2 minutes) and steamed (105 ± 5 °C, 5 minutes), while control samples did not undergo processing treatment. The flesh and seeds were separated, lyophilized, extracted, and subjected to quantification of vitamin C using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that the vitamin C levels of both fruits were significantly affected by maturity, processing, and their interaction (P
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- 2023
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7. Long-term blue light rearing does not affect in vivo retinal function in young rhesus monkeys
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Lou, Linjiang, Frishman, Laura J., Beach, Krista M., Rajagopalan, Lakshmi, Hung, Li-Fang, She, Zhihui, Smith, III, Earl L., and Ostrin, Lisa A.
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- 2023
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8. Effects of various processing methods on the dietary fiber and antioxidant properties of Bignay (Antidesma bunius L. Spreng) fruit
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Ara Fatima A. Carbonera, Liezl M. Atienza, Maria Amelita C. Estacio, Sheba Mae M. Duque, Rona Camille M. Lizardo-Agustin, Lloyd Earl L. Flandez, and Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel
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Bignay ,Fiber content ,Fruit processing ,Phenolic compounds ,Antioxidant activity ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
Bignay (Antidesma bunius L. Spreng) is an indigenous fruit in the Philippines known for its bioactive compounds and is commonly preserved by conventional freezing. Processing can be done to improve its storage condition and convert it into functional ingredients. This study aimed to determine the effect of freeze-drying, oven drying (50°C), spray drying, and juice concentrating on the dietary fiber composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of Bignay. Results showed that oven drying increased the total dietary fiber of Bignay by 29% while freeze drying resulted to an increase in total phenolics, total flavonoids, and total anthocyanin by 69%, 55%, and 66%, respectively, with an increase in antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS by 57%, 15% and 31%, respectively. Spray drying was found to be the most detrimental method while juice concentration gave little to no significant effects. Epicatechin, catechin, and gallic acid were the main phenolic compounds quantified in the processed Bignay. The study recommends that freeze-drying is the best method followed by oven drying, concentration, and spray drying.
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- 2023
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9. Effects of various processing methods on the dietary fiber and antioxidant properties of Bignay (Antidesma bunius L. Spreng) fruit
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Carbonera, Ara Fatima A., Atienza, Liezl M., Estacio, Maria Amelita C., Duque, Sheba Mae M., Lizardo-Agustin, Rona Camille M., Flandez, Lloyd Earl L., and Castillo-Israel, Katherine Ann T.
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- 2023
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10. Impact of drying on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of bignay [Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng.] pomace
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Claire S. Zubia, Gilda Melanie O. Babaran, Sheba Mae M. Duque, Lotis E. Mopera, Lloyd Earl L. Flandez, Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel, and Florencio C. Reginio
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Freeze-drying ,Convection oven-drying ,Antioxidants ,Phenolics ,Bignay ,Pomace ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
Abstract Bignay pomace is a processing byproduct that can be a source of bioactive compounds. However, a suitable dehydration method should be considered to efficiently valorize this waste material into high-value food ingredient and maximize its health-promoting properties. Bignay pomace was subjected to convection oven-drying and freeze-drying to investigate the effect of these pre-processing techniques on the physicochemical, bioactives, and antioxidant properties of the samples. Both drying methods significantly (p
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- 2023
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11. Corrigendum: Long-term narrowband lighting influences activity but not intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell-driven pupil responses
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Linjiang Lou, Baskar Arumugam, Li-Fang Hung, Zhihui She, Krista M. Beach, Earl L. Smith, and Lisa A. Ostrin
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circadian rhythms ,intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells ,activity patterns ,pupil ,light exposure ,rhesus monkey ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Published
- 2023
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12. Comparing low-coherence interferometry and A-scan ultrasonography in measuring ocular axial dimensions in young rhesus monkeys
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She, Zhihui, Hung, Li-Fang, Beach, Krista M., Arumugam, Baskar, Smith, Earl L., III, and Ostrin, Lisa A.
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- 2022
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13. Failure to rescue following emergency surgery: A FRAM analysis of the management of the deteriorating patient
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Sujan, M., Bilbro, N., Ross, A., Earl, L., Ibrahim, M., Bond-Smith, G., Ghaferi, A., Pickup, L., and McCulloch, P.
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- 2022
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14. FEDERALISM AND THE DIGITAL DIVIDE: HOW SMART PERMITTING REFORMS CAN UNLEASH RURAL BROADBAND ACCESS.
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"BUDDY" CARTER, EARL L.
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FEDERAL government , *DIGITAL divide , *BROADBAND communication systems , *INTERNET access , *INVESTMENTS , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
Millions of Americans lack access to high-speed broadband, which is important for connectivity in the modern world. For me, as a Member of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, closing this digital divide is a top priority. In this Essay, I discuss how a streamlined permitting process, as outlined by my American Broadband Deployment Act, can promote investment and innovation while also connecting more Americans with this vital service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
15. Outcomes Associated with Dronedarone Use in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
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Goehring, Earl L., Jr, Bohn, Rhonda L., Pezzullo, John, Tave, Arlene K., Jones, Judith K., Bozzi, Sylvie, Tamayo, Ret. CAPT Sally G., Sicignano, Nicholas, and Naccarelli, Gerald V.
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- 2020
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16. Brodalumab: 5-Year US Pharmacovigilance Report.
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Lebwohl, Mark G., Koo, John Y., Armstrong, April W., Strober, Bruce E., Martin, George M., Rawnsley, Nicole N., Goehring Jr., Earl L., and Jacobson, Abby A.
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- 2024
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17. Long-Term Narrowband Lighting Influences Activity but Not Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cell-Driven Pupil Responses
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Linjiang Lou, Baskar Arumugam, Li-Fang Hung, Zhihui She, Krista M. Beach, Earl L. Smith, and Lisa A. Ostrin
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circadian rhythms ,intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells ,activity patterns ,pupil ,light exposure ,rhesus monkey ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Purpose: Light affects a variety of non-image forming processes, such as circadian rhythm entrainment and the pupillary light reflex, which are mediated by intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of long- and short-wavelength ambient lighting on activity patterns and pupil responses in rhesus monkeys.Methods: Infant rhesus monkeys were reared under either broadband “white” light (n = 14), long-wavelength “red” light (n = 20; 630 nm), or short-wavelength “blue” light (n = 21; 465 nm) on a 12-h light/dark cycle starting at 24.1 ± 2.6 days of age. Activity was measured for the first 4 months of the experimental period using a Fitbit activity tracking device and quantified as average step counts during the daytime (lights-on) and nighttime (lights-off) periods. Pupil responses to 1 s red (651 nm) and blue (456 nm) stimuli were measured after approximately 8 months. Pupil metrics included maximum constriction and the 6 s post-illumination pupil response (PIPR).Results: Activity during the lights-on period increased with age during the first 10 weeks (p < 0.001 for all) and was not significantly different for monkeys reared in white, red, or blue light (p = 0.07). Activity during the 12-h lights-off period was significantly greater for monkeys reared in blue light compared to those in white light (p = 0.02), but not compared to those in red light (p = 0.08). However, blue light reared monkeys exhibited significantly lower activity compared to both white and red light reared monkeys during the first hour of the lights-off period (p = 0.01 for both) and greater activity during the final hour of the lights-off period (p < 0.001 for both). Maximum pupil constriction and the 6 s PIPR to 1 s red and blue stimuli were not significantly different between groups (p > 0.05 for all).Conclusion: Findings suggest that long-term exposure to 12-h narrowband blue light results in greater disruption in nighttime behavioral patterns compared to narrowband red light. Normal pupil responses measured later in the rearing period suggest that ipRGCs adapt after long-term exposure to narrowband lighting.
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- 2021
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18. Plant Migrations and Vegetational History of the Southern Appalachian Region
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Earl L. Core
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Plant migrations ,flora history ,Southern Appalachians ,United States ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The author attempts, for the first time, a chronological account of the different plant migrations, which have resulted in the present flora characteristic of the mountainous regions of the southern Appalachians. It studies the groups of flora and plant migrations that appear to have participated in the evolution of the modern flora of the southern Appalachians, and which are the following: 1) The ancient Paleozoic tlora, composed mainly of Pteridophytes and Pteridosperms, was modified, during the Appalachian Revolution, by the extermination and evolution of forms, to the primitive Mesozoic vegetation. 2) The almost flat Appalachian region was invaded in the early Cretaceous times by the new development and rapid spread of Angiosperms, which were then tropical in their distribution. 3) At the end of the Mesozoic era, the uprising caused the migration of these tropical forms towards the coastal plains that had recently emerged, leaving however numerous colonies, vestiges in the Appalachians. 4) The new high mountains were occupied by the arctotertiary forests, which were then circumboreal in extension, but are now limited to small geographically widely separated regions. 5) In the last Cenozoic era, the climates that became colder, caused the segregation of the originally homogeneous arctoterciary flora, in a coniferous forest in the north and a perishable forest in the south. 6) The Pleistocene glaciation caused migration to the southern mountains in many ways from the north. 7) The retreat of the ice allowed the migration of the coniferous forests to the north, reoccupying their original area, but leaving an extensive residue in the higher and colder southern Appalachian regions. Note that the individual work of many botanists will be required to fill in the gaps and supply evidence to modify the hypothesis discussed here.
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- 2020
19. On the Potential of Gallium- and Indium-Based Liquid Metal Membranes for Hydrogen Separation
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Leon R. S. Rosseau, José A. Medrano, Rajat Bhardwaj, Earl L. V. Goetheer, Ivo A. W. Filot, Fausto Gallucci, and Martin van Sint Annaland
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dense metal membrane ,microkinetics ,Sieverts’ law ,hydrogen ,liquid metals ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 ,Chemical engineering ,TP155-156 - Abstract
The concept of liquid metal membranes for hydrogen separation, based on gallium or indium, was recently introduced as an alternative to conventional palladium-based membranes. The potential of this class of gas separation materials was mainly attributed to the promise of higher hydrogen diffusivity. The postulated improvements are only beneficial to the flux if diffusion through the membrane is the rate-determining step in the permeation sequence. Whilst this is a valid assumption for hydrogen transport through palladium-based membranes, the relatively low adsorption energy of hydrogen on both liquid metals suggests that other phenomena may be relevant. In the current study, a microkinetic modeling approach is used to enable simulations based on a five-step permeation mechanism. The calculation results show that for the liquid metal membranes, the flux is limited by the dissociative adsorption over a large temperature range, and that the membrane flux is expected to be orders of magnitude lower compared to the membrane flux through pure palladium membranes. Even when accounting for the lower cost of the liquid metals compared to palladium, the latter still outperforms both gallium and indium in all realistic scenarios, in part due to the practical difficulties associated with making liquid metal thin films.
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- 2022
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20. MR venography using time-resolved imaging in interventional management of pelvic venous insufficiency
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Chennur, Vikash S., Nzekwu, Emeka V., Bhayana, Deepak, Raber, Earl L., and Wong, Jason K.
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- 2019
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21. An Enhancement of Modern Free Trade Area Theory
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Grinols, Earl L.
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- 2007
22. High-Level Production of Recombinant Snowdrop Lectin in Sugarcane and Energy Cane
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Carmen S. Padilla, Mona B. Damaj, Zhong-Nan Yang, Joe Molina, Brian R. Berquist, Earl L. White, Nora Solís-Gracia, Jorge Da Silva, and Kranthi K. Mandadi
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therapeutic protein ,recombinant protein ,snowdrop-bulb lectin ,Galanthus nivalis agglutinin ,promoter stacking ,biofactory ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Sugarcane and energy cane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) are ideal for plant-based production of recombinant proteins because their high resource-use efficiency, rapid growth and efficient photosynthesis enable extensive biomass production and protein accumulation at a cost-effective scale. Here, we aimed to develop these species as efficient platforms to produce recombinant Galanthus nivalis L. (snowdrop) agglutinin (GNA), a monocot-bulb mannose-specific lectin with potent antiviral, antifungal and antitumor activities. Initially, GNA levels of 0.04% and 0.3% total soluble protein (TSP) (0.3 and 3.8 mg kg–1 tissue) were recovered from the culms and leaves, respectively, of sugarcane lines expressing recombinant GNA under the control of the constitutive maize ubiquitin 1 (Ubi) promoter. Co-expression of recombinant GNA from stacked multiple promoters (pUbi and culm-regulated promoters from sugarcane dirigent5-1 and Sugarcane bacilliform virus) on separate expression vectors increased GNA yields up to 42.3-fold (1.8% TSP or 12.7 mg kg–1 tissue) and 7.7-fold (2.3% TSP or 29.3 mg kg–1 tissue) in sugarcane and energy cane lines, respectively. Moreover, inducing promoter activity in the leaves of GNA transgenic lines with stress-regulated hormones increased GNA accumulation to 2.7% TSP (37.2 mg kg–1 tissue). Purification by mannose-agarose affinity chromatography yielded a functional sugarcane recombinant GNA with binding substrate specificity similar to that of native snowdrop-bulb GNA, as shown by enzyme-linked lectin and mannose-binding inhibition assays. The size and molecular weight of recombinant GNA were identical to those of native GNA, as determined by size-exclusion chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. This work demonstrates the feasibility of producing recombinant GNA at high levels in Saccharum species, with the long-term goal of using it as a broad-spectrum antiviral carrier molecule for hemopurifiers and in related therapeutic applications.
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- 2020
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23. Rapid Plasticity of Binocular Connections in Developing Monkey Visual Cortex (V1)
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Zhang, Bin, Bi, Hua, Sakai, Eiichi, Maruko, Ichiro, Zheng, Jianghe, Smith,, Earl L., Chino, Yuzo M., and Wandell, Brian A.
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- 2005
24. Delayed Maturation of Receptive Field Center/Surround Mechanisms in V2
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Zhang, Bin, Zheng, Jianghe, Watanabe, Ichiro, Maruko, Ichiro, Bi, Hua, Smith,, Earl L., Chino, Yuzo, and Kaas, Jon H.
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- 2005
25. Differences in tourist ethical judgment and responsible tourism intention: An ethical scenario approach
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Lee, Hae Young, Bonn, Mark A., Reid, Earl L., and Kim, Woo Gon
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- 2017
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26. Business Profitability versus Social Profitability: Evaluating Industries with Externalities, the Case of Casinos
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Grinols, Earl L. and Mustard, David B.
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- 2001
27. Risk, Optimal Government Finance and Monetary Policies in a Growing Economy
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Grinols, Earl L. and Turnovsky, Stephen J.
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- 1998
28. Consequences of Debt Policy in a Stochastically Growing Monetary Economy
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Grinols, Earl L. and Turnovsky, Stephen J.
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- 1998
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29. Abstracts from the 15th International Myopia Conference
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Alexandra Benavente-Perez, Ann Nour, Tobin Ansel, Kathleen Abarr, Luying Yan, Keisha Roden, David Troilo, Chanyi Lu, Miaozhen Pan, Min Zheng, Jia Qu, Xiangtian Zhou, Christine F. Wildsoet, Fan Lu, Jie Chen, Jinhua Bao, Liang Hu, Qinmei Wang, Zibing Jin, Frances Rucker, Stephanie Britton, Stephan Hanowsky, Molly Spatcher, Hui-Ying Kuo, Ching-Hsiu Ke, I-Hsin Kuo, Chien-Chun Peng, Han-Yin Sun, Ian G. Morgan, Jeremy A. Guggenheim, Rupal L. Shah, Cathy Williams, Jinglei Yang, Peter S. Reinach, Sen Zhang, Wenfeng Sun, Bo Liu, Fen Li, Xiaoqing Li, Aihua Zhao, Tianlu Chen, Wei Jia, Jun Jiang, Haoran Wu, Kazuo Tsubota, Hiroko Ozawa, Hidemasa Torii, Shigemasa Takamizawa, Toshihide Kurihara, Kazuno Negishi, Klaus Graef, Daniel Rathbun, Frank Schaeffel, Ladan Ghodsi, William K. Stell, Machelle T. Pardue, Ranjay Chakraborty, Han na Park, Curran S. Sidhu, P. Michael Iuvone, Michael J Collins, Nethrajeith Srinvasalu, Sally A. McFadden, Paul N. Baird, Pablo Artal, Pauline Cho, SW Cheung, Pei-Chang Wu, Quan V. Hoang, Duk C. Lee, Erica G. Landis, Michael A. Bergen, Curran Sidhu, Samer Hattar, Richard A. Stone, Ravi Metlapally, Ruiqin Li, Qinglin Xu, Hong Zhong, Chenglin Pan, Weizhong Lan, Xiaoning Li, Ling Chen, Zhikuan Yang, Scott A. Read, Seang-Mei Saw, Shi-Jun Weng, Xiao-Hua Wu, Kang-Wei Qian, Yun-Yun Li, Guo-Zhong Xu, Furong Huang, Xiong-Li Yang, Yong-Mei Zhong, Earl L Smith, Baskar Arumugam, Li-Fang Hung, Lisa A. Ostrin, Klaus Trier, Monica Jong, Brien A. Holden, Thomas Chuen Lam, Samantha Shan, Bing Zuo, Dennis Yan-yin Tse, Jingfang Bian, King-Kit Li, Quan Liu, Chi-ho To, Timothy J. Gawne, John T. Siegwart, Alexander H. Ward, Thomas T. Norton, Yan Zhang, Yue Liu, Carol Ho, Eileen Phan, Abraham Hang, Emily Eng, and Christine Wildsoet
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Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Table of contents O1 Changes in peripheral refraction associated with decreased ocular axial growth rate in marmosets Alexandra Benavente-Perez, Ann Nour, Tobin Ansel, Kathleen Abarr, Luying Yan, Keisha Roden, David Troilo O2 PPARα activation suppresses myopia development by increasing scleral collagen synthesis--a new drug target to suppress myopia development Chanyi Lu, Miaozhen Pan, Min Zheng, Jia Qu, Xiangtian Zhou O3 Evidence and possibilities for local ocular growth regulating signal pathways Christine F Wildsoet O4 Myopia researches at Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Fan Lu, Xiangtian Zhou, Jie Chen, Jinhua Bao, Liang Hu, Qinmei Wang, Zibing Jin, Jia Qu O5 Color, temporal contrast and myopia Frances Rucker, Stephanie Britton, Stephan Hanowsky, Molly Spatcher O6 The impact of atropine usage on visual function and reading performance in myopic school children in Taiwan Hui-Ying Kuo, Ching-Hsiu Ke, I-Hsin Kuo, Chien-Chun Peng, Han-Yin Sun O7 Increased time outdoors prevents the onset of myopia: evidence from randomised clinical trials Ian G Morgan O8 Environmental risk factors and gene-environment interactions for myopia in the ALSPAC cohort Jeremy A. Guggenheim, Rupal L. Shah, Cathy Williams O9 Retinal metabolic profiling identifies declines in FP receptor-linked signaling as contributors to form-deprived myopic development in guinea pigs Jinglei Yang, Peter S. Reinach, Sen Zhang, Miaozhen Pan, Wenfeng Sun, Bo Liu, Xiangtian Zhou O10 The study of peripheral refraction in moderate and high myopes after one month of wearing orthokeratology lens Jun Jiang, Haoran Wu, Fan Lu O11 Axial length of school children around the earth’s equatorial area and factors affecting the axial length Kazuo Tsubota, Hiroko Ozawa, Hidemasa Torii, Shigemasa Takamizawa, Toshihide Kurihara, Kazuno Negishi O12 Processing of defocus in the chicken retina by retinal ganglion cells Klaus Graef, Daniel Rathbun, Frank Schaeffel O13 Blue SAD light protects against form deprivation myopia in chickens, by local signaling within the retina Ladan Ghodsi, William K. Stell O14 Contributions of ON and OFF pathways to emmetropization and form deprivation myopia in mice Machelle T. Pardue, Ranjay Chakraborty, Han na Park, Curran S. Sidhu, P. Michael Iuvone O15 Response of the human choroid to defocus Michael J Collins O16 What can RNA sequencing tell us about myopic sclera? Nethrajeith Srinvasalu, Sally A McFadden, Paul N Baird O17 Overview of dopamine, retinal function, and myopia P. Michael Iuvone O18 The eye as a "robust" optical system and myopia Pablo Artal O19 Effect of discontinuation of orthokeratology lens wear on axial elongation in children Pauline Cho, SW Cheung O20 Myopia prevention in Taiwan Pei-Chang Wu O21 Alternatives to ultraviolet light and riboflavin for in vivo crosslinking of scleral collagen Quan V. Hoang, Sally A. McFadden O22 Absence of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) alters normal refractive development in mice Ranjay Chakraborty, Duk C. Lee, Erica G. Landis, Michael A. Bergen, Curran Sidhu, Samer Hattar, P. Michael Iuvone, Richard A. Stone, Machelle T. Pardue O23 Scleral micro-RNAs in myopia development and their potential as therapeutic targets Ravi Metlapally O24 Effects of the long-wavelength filtered continuous spectrum on emmetropization in juvenile guinea pigs Ruiqin Li, Qinglin Xu, Hong Zhon, Chenglin Pan, Weizhon Lan, Xiaoning Li, Ling Chen, Zhikuan Yang O25 Ocular and environmental factors associated with eye growth in childhood Scott A. Read O26 Overview- prevention and prediction of myopia and pathologic myopia Seang-Mei Saw O27 New insights into the roles of retinal dopamine in form-deprivation myopia and refractive development in C57BL/6 mice Shi-Jun Weng, Xiao-Hua Wu, Kang-Wei Qian, Yun-Yun Li, Guo-Zhong Xu, Furong Huang, Xiangtian Zhou, Jia Qu, Xiong-Li Yang, Yong-Mei Zhong O28 The effects of the adenosine antagonist, 7-methylxanthine, on refractive development in rhesus monkeys Earl L Smith III, Baskar Arumugam, Li-Fang Hung, Lisa A. Ostrin, Klaus Trier, Monica Jong, Brien A. Holden O29 Application of SWATH™ based next generation proteomics (NGP) in studying eye growth: opportunities and challenges Thomas Chuen Lam, Bing Zuo, Samantha Shan, Sally A. McFadden, Dennis Yan-yin Tse, Jingfang Bian, King-Kit Li, Quan Liu, Chi-ho To O30 How could emmetropization make use of longitudinal chromatic aberration? Timothy J. Gawne, John T. Siegwart Jr., Alexander H. Ward, Thomas T. Norton O31 Balance effect of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor subtype activation on refraction development Xiangtian Zhou O32 BMP gene expression changes in chick rpe in response to visual manipulations Yan Zhang, Yue Liu, Carol Ho, Eileen Phan, Abraham Hang, Emily Eng, Christine Wildsoet
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- 2016
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30. Spain's Linguistic Normalization Laws: The Catalan Controversy
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Rees, Earl L.
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- 1996
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31. Immunotoxin-Induced Ablation of the Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells in Rhesus Monkeys
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Lisa A. Ostrin, Christianne E. Strang, Kevin Chang, Ashutosh Jnawali, Li-Fang Hung, Baskar Arumugam, Laura J. Frishman, Earl L. Smith, and Paul D. Gamlin
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melanopsin ,ipRGCs ,intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells ,immunotoxin ,pupil ,rhesus monkey ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Purpose: Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) contain the photopigment melanopsin, and are primarily involved in non-image forming functions, such as the pupillary light reflex and circadian rhythm entrainment. The goal of this study was to develop and validate a targeted ipRGC immunotoxin to ultimately examine the role of ipRGCs in macaque monkeys.Methods: An immunotoxin for the macaque melanopsin gene (OPN4), consisting of a saporin-conjugated antibody directed at the N-terminus, was prepared in solutions of 0.316, 1, 3.16, 10, and 50 μg in vehicle, and delivered intravitreally to the right eye of six rhesus monkeys, respectively. Left eyes were injected with vehicle only. The pupillary light reflex (PLR), the ipRGC-driven post illumination pupil response (PIPR), and electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded before and after injection. For pupil measurements, 1 and 5 s pulses of light were presented to the dilated right eye while the left pupil was imaged. Stimulation included 651 nm (133 cd/m2), and 4 intensities of 456 nm (16–500 cd/m2) light. Maximum pupil constriction and the 6 s PIPR were calculated. Retinal imaging was performed with optical coherence tomography (OCT), and eyes underwent OPN4 immunohistochemistry to evaluate immunotoxin specificity and ipRGC loss.Results: Before injection, animals showed robust pupil responses to 1 and 5 s blue light. After injection, baseline pupil size increased 12 ± 17%, maximum pupil constriction decreased, and the PIPR, a marker of ipRGC activity, was eliminated in all but the lowest immunotoxin concentration. For the highest concentrations, some inflammation and structural changes were observed with OCT, while eyes injected with lower concentrations appeared normal. ERG responses showed better preserved retinal function with lower concentrations. Immunohistochemistry showed 80–100% ipRGC elimination with the higher doses being more effective; however this could be partly due to inflammation that occurred at the higher concentrations.Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that the OPN4 macaque immunotoxin was specific for ipRGCs, and induced a graded reduction in the PLR, as well as, in ipRGC-driven pupil response with concentration. Further investigation of the effects of ipRGC ablation on ocular and systemic circadian rhythms and the pupil in rhesus monkeys will provide a better understanding of the role of ipRGCs in primates.
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- 2018
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32. Measurements of He-Ar, He-N2, and He-air thermal creep slip and accommodation coefficients at high temperatures.
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Wilson, Jason, Walton, Kyle L., Tipton, Earl L., Ghosh, Tushar K., Tompson, Robert V., and Loyalka, Sudarshan K.
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HIGH temperatures ,CAPILLARY flow ,GAS flow ,CAPILLARIES ,STAINLESS steel - Abstract
Understanding gas flows in capillaries has many applications in modeling the transport of gases in nano-structured, porous, or fractured media. A network of capillaries can often approximate these media, and also information on gas-surface interactions obtained from capillary experiments can be used for modeling flows in these media. Experimental data on flows of different mixtures of He-Ar, He-N
2 , and He-air in the slip regime and in stainless steel capillaries at high temperatures were obtained by using a two-bulb apparatus. An accurate expression for the thermal creep slip coefficients with the Lennard-Jones potential parameters and diffuse-specular reflection gas-surface interaction conditions were then used to obtain the accommodation coefficients for the different gases. The experimental data are best described with values of accommodation coefficients in the range of 0.1–0.3 for He and 0.5–1.0 for Ar, N2 , and air. The use of values in this range is suggested for modeling gaseous flows in capillaries and nano-structured, porous, or fractured media if other direct measured values for a particular medium are unavailable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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33. media pulse
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MINER, GARY and Hagström, Earl L.
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- 2006
34. Introductory Article: Management and Information Issues for Industries with Externalities: The Case of Casino Gambling
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Grinols, Earl L. and Mustard, David B.
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- 2001
35. A Blue Glass Face Inlay of King Akhenaten
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Ertman, Earl L.
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- 2013
36. Retrospective Analysis of a Clinical Algorithm for Managing Childhood Myopia Progression.
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Cooper, Jeffrey, Aller, Thomas, Smith III, Earl L., Chan, Kevin, Dillehay, Sally M., and O'Connor, Brett
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- 2023
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37. How do Visitors Affect Crime?
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Grinols, Earl L., Mustard, David B., and Staha, Melissa
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- 2011
38. Rules of origin and gains from trade
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Grinols, Earl L. and Silva, Peri
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- 2011
39. Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15-49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000-18: a modelling study
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Sartorius, B., VanderHeide, J.D., Yang, M., Goosmann, E.A., Hon, J., Haeuser, E., Cork, M.A., Perkins, S., Jahagirdar, D., Schaeffer, L.E., Serfes, A.L., LeGrand, K.E., Abbastabar, H., Abebo, Z.H., Abosetugn, A.E., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Accrombessi, M.M.K., Adebayo, O.M., Adegbosin, A.E., Adekanmbi, V., Adetokunboh, O.O., Adeyinka, D.A., Ahinkorah, B.O., Ahmadi, K., Ahmed, M.B., Akalu, Y., Akinyemi, O.O., Akinyemi, R.O., Aklilu, A., Akunna, C.J., Alahdab, F., Al-Aly, Z., Alam, N., Alamneh, A.A., Alanzi, T.M., Alemu, B.W., Alhassan, R.K., Ali, T., Alipour, V., Amini, S., Ancuceanu, R., Ansari, F., Anteneh, Z.A., Anvari, D., Anwer, R., Appiah, S.C.Y., Arabloo, J., Asemahagn, M.A., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., Asmare, W.N., Atnafu, D.D., Atout, M.M.W., Atreya, A., Ausloos, M., Awedew, A.F., Ayala Quintanilla, B.P., Ayanore, M.A., Aynalem, Y.A., Ayza, M.A., Azari, S., Azene, Z.N., Babar, Z.-U.-D., Baig, A.A., Balakrishnan, S., Banach, M., Bärnighausen, T.W., Basu, S., Bayati, M., Bedi, N., Bekuma, T.T., Bezabhe, W.M.M., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhutta, Z.A., Bibi, S., Bikbov, B., Birhan, T.A., Bitew, Z.W., Bockarie, M.J., Boloor, A., Brady, O.J., Bragazzi, N.L., Briko, A.N., Briko, N.I., Burugina Nagaraja, S., Butt, Z.A., Cárdenas, R., Carvalho, F., Charan, J., Chatterjee, S., Chattu, S.K., Chattu, V.K., Chowdhury, M.A.K., Chu, D.-T., Cook, A.J., Cormier, N.M., Cowden, R.G., Culquichicon, C., Dagnew, B., Dahlawi, S.M.A., Damiani, G., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Daoud, F., Daryani, A., das Neves, J., Davis Weaver, N., Derbew Molla, M., Deribe, K., Desta, A.A., Deuba, K., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dhungana, G.P., Diaz, D., Djalalinia, S., Doku, P.N., Dubljanin, E., Duko, B., Eagan, A.W., Earl, L., Eaton, J.W., Effiong, A., El Sayed Zaki, M., El Tantawi, M., Elayedath, R., El-Jaafary, S.I., Elsharkawy, A., Eskandarieh, S., Eyawo, O., Ezzikouri, S., Fasanmi, A.O., Fasil, A., Fauk, N.K., Feigin, V.L., Ferede, T.Y., Fernandes, E., Fischer, F., Foigt, N.A., Folayan, M.O., Foroutan, M., Francis, J.M., Fukumoto, T., Gad, M.M., Geberemariyam, B.S., Gebregiorgis, B., Gebremichael, B., Gesesew, H.A., Getacher, L., Ghadiri, K., Ghashghaee, A., Gilani, S.A., Ginindza, T.G., Glagn, M., Golechha, M., Gona, P.N., Gubari, M.I.M., Gugnani, H.C., Guido, D., Guled, R.A., Hall, B.J., Hamidi, S., Handiso, D.W., Hargono, A., Hashi, A., Hassanipour, S., Hassankhani, H., Hayat, K., Herteliu, C., de Hidru, H.D., Holla, R., Hosgood, H.D., Hossain, N., Hosseini, M., Hosseinzadeh, M., Househ, M., Hwang, B.-F., Ibitoye, S.E., Ilesanmi, O.S., Ilic, I.M., Ilic, M.D., Irvani, S.S.N., Iwu, C.C.D., Iwu, C.J., Iyamu, I.O., Jain, V., Jakovljevic, M., Jalilian, F., Jha, R.P., Johnson, K.B., Joshua, V., Joukar, F., Jozwiak, J.J., Kabir, A., Kalankesh, L.R., Kalhor, R., Kamath, A., Kamyari, N., Kanchan, T., Karami Matin, B., Karch, A., Karimi, S.E., Kasa, A.S., Kassahun, G., Kayode, G.A., Kazemi Karyani, A., Keiyoro, P.N., Kelkay, B., Khalid, N., Khan, G., Khan, J., Khan, M.N., Khatab, K., Khazaei, S., Kim, Y.J., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Kochhar, S., Kopec, J.A., Kosen, S., Koulmane Laxminarayana, S., Koyanagi, A., Krishan, K., Kuate Defo, B., Kugbey, N., Kulkarni, V., Kumar, M., Kumar, N., Kurmi, O.P., Kusuma, D., Kuupiel, D., Kyu, H.H., La Vecchia, C., Lal, D.K., Lam, J.O., Landires, I., Lasrado, S., Lazarus, J.V., Lazzar-Atwood, A., Lee, P.H., Leshargie, C.T., Li, B., Liu, X., Lopukhov, P.D., Amin, H.I.M., Madi, D., Mahasha, P.W., Majeed, A., Maleki, A., Maleki, S., Mamun, A.A., Manafi, N., Mansournia, M.A., Martins-Melo, F.R., Masoumi, S.Z., Mayala, B.K., Meharie, B.G., Meheretu, H.A.A., Meles, H.G., Melku, M., Mendoza, W., Mengesha, E.W., Meretoja, T.J., Mersha, A.M., Mestrovic, T., Miller, T.R., Mirica, A., Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M., Mohamad, O., Mohammad, Y., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammed, J.A., Mohammed, S., Mokdad, A.H., Mokonnon, T., Molokhia, M., Moradi, M., Moradi, Y., Moradzadeh, R., Moraga, P., Mosser, J.F., Munro, S.B., Mustafa, G., Muthupandian, S., Naderi, M., Nagarajan, A.J., Naghavi, M., Naveed, M., Nayak, V.C., Nazari, J., Ndejjo, R., Nepal, S., Netsere, H.B., Ngalesoni, F.N., Nguefack-Tsague, G., Ngunjiri, J.W., Nigatu, Y.T., Nigussie, S.N., Nnaji, C.A., Noubiap, J.J., Nuñez-Samudio, V., Oancea, B., Odukoya, O.O., Ogbo, F.A., Oladimeji, O., Olagunju, A.T., Olusanya, B.O., Olusanya, J.O., Omer, M.O., Omonisi, A.E.E., Onwujekwe, O.E., Orisakwe, O.E., Otstavnov, N., Owolabi, M.O., Mahesh, P.A., Padubidri, J.R., Pakhale, S., Pana, A., Pandi-Perumal, S.R., Patel, U.K., Pathak, M., Patton, G.C., Pawar, S., Peprah, E.K., Pokhrel, K.N., Postma, M.J., Pottoo, F.H., Pourjafar, H., Pribadi, D.R.A., Quazi Syed, Z., Rafiei, A., Rahim, F., Rahman, M.H.U., Rahmani, A.M., Ram, P., Rana, J., Ranabhat, C.L., Rao, S., Rao, S.J., Rathi, P., Rawaf, D.L., Rawaf, S., Rawassizadeh, R., Renjith, V., Reta, M.A., Rezaei, N., Rezapour, A., Ribeiro, A.I., Ross, J.M., Rumisha, S.F., Sagar, R., Sahu, M., Sajadi, S.M., Salem, M.R., Samy, A.M., Sathian, B., Schutte, A.E., Seidu, A.-A., Sha, F., Shafaat, O., Shahbaz, M., Shaikh, M.A., Shaka, M.F., Sheikh, A., Shibuya, K., Shin, J.I., Shivakumar, K.M., Sidemo, N.B., Singh, J.A., Skryabin, V.Y., Skryabina, A.A., Soheili, A., Soltani, S., Somefun, O.D., Sorrie, M.B., Spurlock, E.E., Sufiyan, M.B., Taddele, B.W., Tadesse, E.G., Tamir, Z., Tamiru, A.T., Tanser, F.C., Taveira, N., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Tekalegn, Y., Tesfay, F.H., Tessema, B., Tessema, Z.T., Thakur, B., Tolani, M.A., Topor-Madry, R., Torrado, M., Tovani-Palone, M.R., Traini, E., Tsai, A.C., Tsegaye, G.W., Ullah, I., Ullah, S., Umeokonkwo, C.D., Unnikrishnan, B., Vardavas, C., Violante, F.S., Vo, B., Wado, Y.D., Waheed, Y., Wamai, R.G., Wang, Y., Ward, P., Werdecker, A., Wickramasinghe, N.D., Wijeratne, T., Wiysonge, C.S., Wondmeneh, T.G., Yamada, T., Yaya, S., Yeshaw, Y., Yeshitila, Y.G., Yilma, M.T., Yip, P., Yonemoto, N., Yosef, T., Yusefzadeh, H., Zaidi, S.S., Zaki, L., Zamanian, M., Zastrozhin, M.S., Zastrozhina, A., Zewdie, D.T., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z.-J., Ziapour, A., Hay, S.I., Dwyer-Lindgren, L., LBD HIV Incidence Mortality Collaborators, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Khatab, Khaled, Sartorius B., VanderHeide J.D., Yang M., Goosmann E.A., Hon J., Haeuser E., Cork M.A., Perkins S., Jahagirdar D., Schaeffer L.E., Serfes A.L., LeGrand K.E., Abbastabar H., Abebo Z.H., Abosetugn A.E., Abu-Gharbieh E., Accrombessi M.M.K., Adebayo O.M., Adegbosin A.E., Adekanmbi V., Adetokunboh O.O., Adeyinka D.A., Ahinkorah B.O., Ahmadi K., Ahmed M.B., Akalu Y., Akinyemi O.O., Akinyemi R.O., Aklilu A., Akunna C.J., Alahdab F., Al-Aly Z., Alam N., Alamneh A.A., Alanzi T.M., Alemu B.W., Alhassan R.K., Ali T., Alipour V., Amini S., Ancuceanu R., Ansari F., Anteneh Z.A., Anvari D., Anwer R., Appiah S.C.Y., Arabloo J., Asemahagn M.A., Asghari Jafarabadi M., Asmare W.N., Atnafu D.D., Atout M.M.W., Atreya A., Ausloos M., Awedew A.F., Ayala Quintanilla B.P., Ayanore M.A., Aynalem Y.A., Ayza M.A., Azari S., Azene Z.N., Babar Z.-U.-D., Baig A.A., Balakrishnan S., Banach M., Barnighausen T.W., Basu S., Bayati M., Bedi N., Bekuma T.T., Bezabhe W.M.M., Bhagavathula A.S., Bhardwaj P., Bhattacharyya K., Bhutta Z.A., Bibi S., Bikbov B., Birhan T.A., Bitew Z.W., Bockarie M.J., Boloor A., Brady O.J., Bragazzi N.L., Briko A.N., Briko N.I., Burugina Nagaraja S., Butt Z.A., Cardenas R., Carvalho F., Charan J., Chatterjee S., Chattu S.K., Chattu V.K., Chowdhury M.A.K., Chu D.-T., Cook A.J., Cormier N.M., Cowden R.G., Culquichicon C., Dagnew B., Dahlawi S.M.A., Damiani G., Daneshpajouhnejad P., Daoud F., Daryani A., das Neves J., Davis Weaver N., Derbew Molla M., Deribe K., Desta A.A., Deuba K., Dharmaratne S.D., Dhungana G.P., Diaz D., Djalalinia S., Doku P.N., Dubljanin E., Duko B., Eagan A.W., Earl L., Eaton J.W., Effiong A., El Sayed Zaki M., El Tantawi M., Elayedath R., El-Jaafary S.I., Elsharkawy A., Eskandarieh S., Eyawo O., Ezzikouri S., Fasanmi A.O., Fasil A., Fauk N.K., Feigin V.L., Ferede T.Y., Fernandes E., Fischer F., Foigt N.A., Folayan M.O., Foroutan M., Francis J.M., Fukumoto T., Gad M.M., Geberemariyam B.S., Gebregiorgis B., Gebremichael B., Gesesew H.A., Getacher L., Ghadiri K., Ghashghaee A., Gilani S.A., Ginindza T.G., Glagn M., Golechha M., Gona P.N., Gubari M.I.M., Gugnani H.C., Guido D., Guled R.A., Hall B.J., Hamidi S., Handiso D.W., Hargono A., Hashi A., Hassanipour S., Hassankhani H., Hayat K., Herteliu C., de Hidru H.D., Holla R., Hosgood H.D., Hossain N., Hosseini M., Hosseinzadeh M., Househ M., Hwang B.-F., Ibitoye S.E., Ilesanmi O.S., Ilic I.M., Ilic M.D., Irvani S.S.N., Iwu C.C.D., Iwu C.J., Iyamu I.O., Jain V., Jakovljevic M., Jalilian F., Jha R.P., Johnson K.B., Joshua V., Joukar F., Jozwiak J.J., Kabir A., Kalankesh L.R., Kalhor R., Kamath A., Kamyari N., Kanchan T., Karami Matin B., Karch A., Karimi S.E., Kasa A.S., Kassahun G., Kayode G.A., Kazemi Karyani A., Keiyoro P.N., Kelkay B., Khalid N., Khan G., Khan J., Khan M.N., Khatab K., Khazaei S., Kim Y.J., Kisa A., Kisa S., Kochhar S., Kopec J.A., Kosen S., Koulmane Laxminarayana S., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Kuate Defo B., Kugbey N., Kulkarni V., Kumar M., Kumar N., Kurmi O.P., Kusuma D., Kuupiel D., Kyu H.H., La Vecchia C., Lal D.K., Lam J.O., Landires I., Lasrado S., Lazarus J.V., Lazzar-Atwood A., Lee P.H., Leshargie C.T., Li B., Liu X., Lopukhov P.D., Amin H.I.M., Madi D., Mahasha P.W., Majeed A., Maleki A., Maleki S., Mamun A.A., Manafi N., Mansournia M.A., Martins-Melo F.R., Masoumi S.Z., Mayala B.K., Meharie B.G., Meheretu H.A.A., Meles H.G., Melku M., Mendoza W., Mengesha E.W., Meretoja T.J., Mersha A.M., Mestrovic T., Miller T.R., Mirica A., Mirzaei-Alavijeh M., Mohamad O., Mohammad Y., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammed J.A., Mohammed S., Mokdad A.H., Mokonnon T., Molokhia M., Moradi M., Moradi Y., Moradzadeh R., Moraga P., Mosser J.F., Munro S.B., Mustafa G., Muthupandian S., Naderi M., Nagarajan A.J., Naghavi M., Naveed M., Nayak V.C., Nazari J., Ndejjo R., Nepal S., Netsere H.B., Ngalesoni F.N., Nguefack-Tsague G., Ngunjiri J.W., Nigatu Y.T., Nigussie S.N., Nnaji C.A., Noubiap J.J., Nunez-Samudio V., Oancea B., Odukoya O.O., Ogbo F.A., Oladimeji O., Olagunju A.T., Olusanya B.O., Olusanya J.O., Omer M.O., Omonisi A.E.E., Onwujekwe O.E., Orisakwe O.E., Otstavnov N., Owolabi M.O., Mahesh P.A., Padubidri J.R., Pakhale S., Pana A., Pandi-Perumal S.R., Patel U.K., Pathak M., Patton G.C., Pawar S., Peprah E.K., Pokhrel K.N., Postma M.J., Pottoo F.H., Pourjafar H., Pribadi D.R.A., Quazi Syed Z., Rafiei A., Rahim F., Rahman M.H.U., Rahmani A.M., Ram P., Rana J., Ranabhat C.L., Rao S., Rao S.J., Rathi P., Rawaf D.L., Rawaf S., Rawassizadeh R., Renjith V., Reta M.A., Rezaei N., Rezapour A., Ribeiro A.I., Ross J.M., Rumisha S.F., Sagar R., Sahu M., Sajadi S.M., Salem M.R., Samy A.M., Sathian B., Schutte A.E., Seidu A.-A., Sha F., Shafaat O., Shahbaz M., Shaikh M.A., Shaka M.F., Sheikh A., Shibuya K., Shin J.I., Shivakumar K.M., Sidemo N.B., Singh J.A., Skryabin V.Y., Skryabina A.A., Soheili A., Soltani S., Somefun O.D., Sorrie M.B., Spurlock E.E., Sufiyan M.B., Taddele B.W., Tadesse E.G., Tamir Z., Tamiru A.T., Tanser F.C., Taveira N., Tehrani-Banihashemi A., Tekalegn Y., Tesfay F.H., Tessema B., Tessema Z.T., Thakur B., Tolani M.A., Topor-Madry R., Torrado M., Tovani-Palone M.R., Traini E., Tsai A.C., Tsegaye G.W., Ullah I., Ullah S., Umeokonkwo C.D., Unnikrishnan B., Vardavas C., Violante F.S., Vo B., Wado Y.D., Waheed Y., Wamai R.G., Wang Y., Ward P., Werdecker A., Wickramasinghe N.D., Wijeratne T., Wiysonge C.S., Wondmeneh T.G., Yamada T., Yaya S., Yeshaw Y., Yeshitila Y.G., Yilma M.T., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Yosef T., Yusefzadeh H., Zaidi S.S., Zaki L., Zamanian M., Zastrozhin M.S., Zastrozhina A., Zewdie D.T., Zhang Y., Zhang Z.-J., Ziapour A., Hay S.I., Dwyer-Lindgren L., Local Burden of Disease HIV Collaborators, Duko, Bereket, Yeshaw, Yigizie, Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Clinicum
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,sub-Saharan Africa ,Male ,HIV Antibodie ,Epidemiology ,HIV incidences ,HIV Infections ,mortality rate ,HIV Antibodies ,Modelling study ,Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence ,0302 clinical medicine ,Africa, Northern ,RA0421 ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Medicine ,Northern ,HIV Infection ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,10. No inequality ,uncertainty ,Mozambique ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,HIV mortality ,Mortality rate ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,1. No poverty ,Hiv incidence ,article ,Mauritania ,Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient ,Articles ,tracking ,Middle Aged ,health care planning ,3. Good health ,Lesotho ,AIDS ,Infectious Diseases ,QR180 ,A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classified ,Female ,prenatal care ,anti human immunodeficiency virus agent ,seroepidemiology ,Human ,Adult ,Adolescent ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Immunology ,antiretroviral therapy ,Unit (housing) ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,blood ,Human immunodeficiency virus infection ,Virology ,Seroprevalence ,Humans ,human ,Developing Countries ,Estimation ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Subnational mappings ,business.industry ,Seroepidemiologic Studie ,HIV ,Anti-HIV Agent ,PREVENTION ,030112 virology ,mortality ,monitoring ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,Human immunodeficiency virus antibody ,Africa ,business ,HIV incidence ,Subnational mapping ,Sub-Saharan Africa ,Local burden of disease ,Public health ,Demography - Abstract
Background. High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods. In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings. The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique, had the highest estimated HIV incidence (4661·7 [2544·8–8120·3]) cases per 100 000 people in 2018 and Inhassunge District, Zambezia Province, Mozambique, had the highest estimated HIV mortality rate (1163·0 [679·0–1866·8]) deaths per 100 000 people. Further, the rate of reduction in HIV incidence and mortality from 2000 to 2018, as well as the ratio of new infections to the number of people living with HIV was highly variable. Although most second-level administrative units had declines in the number of new cases (3316 [81·1%] of 4087 units) and number of deaths (3325 [81·4%]), nearly all appeared well short of the targeted 75% reduction in new cases and deaths between 2010 and 2020. Interpretation. Our estimates suggest that most second-level administrative units in sub-Saharan Africa are falling short of the targeted 75% reduction in new cases and deaths by 2020, which is further compounded by substantial within-country variability. These estimates will help decision makers and programme implementers expand access to ART and better target health resources to higher burden subnational areas. This work was primarily supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant OPP1132415). Additionally, O Adetokunboh acknowledges the support of the Department of Science and Innovation, and National Research Foundation of South Africa. M Ausloos, A Pana, and C Herteliu are partially supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, Executive Agency for Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation Funding (Romania; project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084). T W Bärnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. M J Bockarie is supported by the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership. F Carvalho and E Fernandes acknowledge support from Portuguese national funds (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior; UIDB/info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB/50006/2020/PT, UIDB/04378/2020, and UIDP/04378/2020. K Deribe is supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant 201900/Z/16/Z) as part of his International Intermediate Fellowship. B-F Hwang was partially supported by China Medical University (CMU107-Z-04), Taichung, Taiwan. M Jakovljevic acknowledges support of the Serbia Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development (grant OI 175 014). M N Khan acknowledges the support of Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh. Y J Kim was supported by the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia, Malaysia, (XMUMRF/2020-C6/ITCM/0004). K Krishnan is supported by University Grants Commission Centre of Advanced Study, (CAS II), awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. M Kumar would like to acknowledge National Institutes of Health and Fogarty International Cente (K43TW010716). I Landires is a member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigación, which is supported by the Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Panama. W Mendoza is a program analyst in population and development at the UN Population Fund Country Office in Peru, which does not necessarily endorse this study. M Phetole received institutional support from the Grants, Innovation and Product Development Unit, South African Medical Research Council. O Odukoya acknowledges support from the Fogarty International Center of the US National Institutes of Health (K43TW010704). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the US National Institutes of Health. O Oladimeji is grateful for the support from Walter Sisulu University, Eastern Cape, South Africa, the University of Botswana, Botswana, and the University of Technology of Durban, Durban, South Africa. J R Padubidri acknowledges support from Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India. G C Patton is supported by an Australian Government National Health and Medical Research Council research fellowship. P Rathi acknowledges Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal India. A I Ribeiro was supported by National Funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, under the programme of Stimulus of Scientific Employment–Individual Support (info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC IND 2018/CEECIND/02386/2018/CP1538/CT0001/PT). A M Samy acknowledges the support of the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. F Sha was supported by the Shenzhen Social Science Fund (SZ2020C015) and the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (KQTD20190929172835662). A Sheikh is supported by Health Data Research UK. N Taveira acknowledges partial funding by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal, and Aga Khan Development Network—Portugal Collaborative Research Network in Portuguese-speaking countries in Africa (332821690), and by the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (RIA2016MC-1615). C S Wiysonge is supported by the South African Medical Research Council. Y Zhang was supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education (Q20201104) and Open Fund Project of Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control (OHIC2020Y01).
- Published
- 2021
40. Inhibiting Myopia by (Nearly) Invisible Light?
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Frank Schaeffel and Earl L. Smith, III
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Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Published
- 2017
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41. Implementation of Glycan Remodeling to Plant-Made Therapeutic Antibodies
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Lindsay D. Bennett, Qiang Yang, Brian R. Berquist, John P. Giddens, Zhongjie Ren, Vally Kommineni, Ryan P. Murray, Earl L. White, Barry R. Holtz, Lai-Xi Wang, and Sylvain Marcel
- Subjects
glycan remodeling ,therapeutic proteins ,recombinant glycoproteins ,Nicotiana benthamiana ,N-glycosylation ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
N-glycosylation profoundly affects the biological stability and function of therapeutic proteins, which explains the recent interest in glycoengineering technologies as methods to develop biobetter therapeutics. In current manufacturing processes, N-glycosylation is host-specific and remains difficult to control in a production environment that changes with scale and production batches leading to glycosylation heterogeneity and inconsistency. On the other hand, in vitro chemoenzymatic glycan remodeling has been successful in producing homogeneous pre-defined protein glycoforms, but needs to be combined with a cost-effective and scalable production method. An efficient chemoenzymatic glycan remodeling technology using a plant expression system that combines in vivo deglycosylation with an in vitro chemoenzymatic glycosylation is described. Using the monoclonal antibody rituximab as a model therapeutic protein, a uniform Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2 (A2G2) glycoform without α-1,6-fucose, plant-specific α-1,3-fucose or β-1,2-xylose residues was produced. When compared with the innovator product Rituxan®, the plant-made remodeled afucosylated antibody showed similar binding affinity to the CD20 antigen but significantly enhanced cell cytotoxicity in vitro. Using a scalable plant expression system and reducing the in vitro deglycosylation burden creates the potential to eliminate glycan heterogeneity and provide affordable customization of therapeutics’ glycosylation for maximal and targeted biological activity. This feature can reduce cost and provide an affordable platform to manufacture biobetter antibodies.
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- 2018
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42. Industrial Targeting in Free Trade Areas with Policy Independence
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Grinols, Earl L. and Silva, Peri
- Published
- 2008
43. A New Fragmentary Relief of King Ankhkheperure from Tell El-Borg (Sinai)?
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Ertman, Earl L. and Hoffmeier, James K.
- Published
- 2008
44. Patent replacement and welfare gains
- Author
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Grinols, Earl L. and Lin, Hwan C.
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- 2011
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45. Biomarkers of exposure to triclocarban in urine and serum
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Ye, Xiaoyun, Zhou, Xiaoliu, Furr, Johnathan, Ahn, Ki Chang, Hammock, Bruce D., Gray, Earl L., and Calafat, Antonia M.
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- 2011
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46. Differential pattern of response in mood symptoms and suicide risk measures in severely ill depressed patients assigned to citalopram with placebo or citalopram combined with lithium: Role of lithium levels
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Khan, Arif, Khan, Shirin R.F., Hobus, Joy, Faucett, James, Mehra, Vishaal, Giller, Earl L., and Rudolph, Richard L.
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- 2011
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47. The WTO Impact on International Trade Disputes: An Event History Analysis
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Grinols, Earl L. and Perrelli, Roberto
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- 2006
48. Casinos, Crime, and Community Costs
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Grinols, Earl L. and Mustard, David B.
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- 2006
49. Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Oxalic Acid: Experiments, Process Modeling, and Economics.
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Boor, Vera, Frijns, Jeannine E. B. M., Perez-Gallent, Elena, Giling, Erwin, Laitinen, Antero T., Goetheer, Earl L. V., van den Broeke, Leo J. P., Kortlever, Ruud, de Jong, Wiebren, Moultos, Othonas A., Vlugt, Thijs J. H., and Ramdin, Mahinder
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- 2022
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50. Morphological, physicochemical and proximate composition of two Philippine bignay (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng) cultivars at different maturity stages.
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Crieta, Bince Russo A., Sartagoda, Kristel June D., Flandez, Lloyd Earl L., Morales, Diane B., Pascual, Alangelico O. San, Magdalita, Pablito M., and Castillo-Israel, Katherine Ann T.
- Abstract
Bignay (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng) is an underutilised native berry grown in several Asian countries including the Philippines. Limited studies have been carried out on specific bignay cultivars and their fruit maturity stages. This study aimed to differentiate two cultivars of bignay with respect to their morphology, physicochemical properties, and proximate compositions at different maturity stages. Morphological characterisation showed that the kalabaw cultivar had a superior performance when compared to the common cultivar. Kalabaw's whole fruit weight (0.47 - 0.54 g), equatorial diameter (8.42 - 9.05 mm), thickness (7.08-7.40 mm), flesh weight (0.42 - 0.49 g), flesh thickness (1.58 - 2.20 mm) and edible portion (90.1 - 91.1%) were significantly higher when compared to corresponding common cultivar's performances; fruit weight 0.28 - 0.34 g, equatorial diameter 7.50 - 8.00 mm, thickness 6.30 - 6.95 mm, flesh weight 0.25 - 0.31 g, flesh thickness 1.33 - 1.90 mm and edible portion 88.5 - 89.5%. The superiority of kalabaw includes the measured seed parameters. For the physicochemical and proximate compositions, there is not much of a difference, while kalabaw had a lower sugar (3.40 - 8.00%) and acidity (0.36 - 0.65%) content, its moisture (13.7 - 18.3%), crude fat (4.64 - 5.66%) and crude fibre (5.37 - 10.10%) content were higher compared to the common cultivar. This study showed that kalabaw could be best used for the production of different value-added products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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