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Introducción: La brucelosis es un enfermedad zoonotica relacionada al contacto con perros y con ganado vacuno, porcino y caprino, el agente etiológico pertenece al género Brucella con diez especies de importancia para el ser humano; su capacidad para evadir el sistema inmune y sobrevivir en el fago-lisosoma genera un cuadro clínico crónico en el ser humano caracterizado por fiebre ondulante y afectación osteoarticular. Su amplia variedad de expresión clínica genera un reto al momento del diagnóstico y tratamiento; por tal razón es relevante el reconocimiento de las pruebas diagnósticas que permitan establecer el posible contacto con el microorganismo. Objetivo: Establecer la seroprevalencia a Brucella spp en una población de estudiantes de Medicina Veterinaria con posible exposición ocupacional. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo observacional donde se estudiaron 272 sueros obtenidos de estudiantes de medicina veterinaria mediante la técnica de rosa de bengala. Resultados: El 18,4% (50/272) de los sujetos presento positividad por rosa de bengala; 28 hombres (56%) y 22 mujeres (44%). Conclusiones: La serología mediante rosa de bengala en esta población de riesgo evidenció un 18,5% de sujetos seropositivos. Se sugiere el empleo de barreras efectivas de protección durante el contacto con animales portadores del microorganismo durante el entrenamiento como estudiantes de Medicina veterinaria.

La osteotomía Le Fort I es un procedimiento rutinario en cirugía ortognática. Los autores reportan la ocurrencia de complicaciones intra- y posquirúrgicas. La osteotomía Le Fort I está relacionada con gran variedad de complicaciones. Un conocimiento preciso de las complicaciones debería ayudar al cirujano, al ortodoncista y al paciente para estimar los beneficios de una cirugía electiva versus los riesgos. El conocer las complicaciones también debería ayudar a prevenir su ocurrencia y facilitar el tratamiento. El propósito de esta revisión fue reportar las complicaciones quirúrgicas y posquirúrgicas que están relacionadas con la osteotomía Le Fort I. Se presentan las complicaciones en el siguiente orden: oftalmológicas, vasculares, del seno cavernoso, necrosis avascular, edema, infecciosas, neurológicas, resultados estéticos desfavorables, cambios pulpares y otras complicaciones de rara ocurrencia.Le Fort I osteotomy has become a routine procedure in elective orthognathic surgery. The authors report the occurrence of intra and post operative complications in Le Fort I osteotomy. The Le Fort I osteotomy is related to a variety of complications. A precise assessment of complications might be helpful for the patient, the orthodontist, and the surgeon in order to estimate the benefit of an elective operation versus its immanent risks. Knowledge of complications also might help to prevent their occurrence and facilitate their management. The aim of this review was to report the types and frequencies of intra- and post operative complications related to Le Fort I osteotomy. This review presents surgical complications in the following order: Ophthalmic complications, Vascular complications, Cavernous sinus fistula, Ischemic complications including aseptic necrosis, swelling, significant infections such as abscesses or maxillary sinusitis, Nerve injures, unfavorable esthetic results, unfavorable pulpal reactions and other unusual complications.

The purpose of this longitudinal descriptive study was to evaluate the behavior of soft tissues in patients who underwent bimaxilar ortognatic surgery at the Hospital University San Vicente de Paul (HUSVP) by means of lateral cephalic headplates. A total of twenty one patients selected by convenience, with an average age of 22,8 years, were treated , all of them received lateral cephalic headplates pre and post surgery. All of the subjects had received pre-surgical orthodontic treatment, they also received LeFort I surgery of impactation and maxilar advance, the mandible was retruded using a sagittal technique of the ramus. A different behaviour to the one found in different ethnic groups was found in this population. The movement in the horizontal plane showed an ascending path from the nasal point up to the upper superior point of the lip. For the nasal point a 46.9% movement was found. For the sub nasal and the superior anterior point of the lip a movement of 63.5% and 73% respectively. For the mandible the movement was51.0 % for labralis superius, point point B followed with 82.9 % and pogonion with 75%. In the vertical direction the movement was 67% for the nasal point, 64% for sub nasal point and 50% for the labralis superior. The mandible showed a movement of 34, 7% for labralis inferior and an average of 67,7% for the remaining points of the mandible. In conclusion, it is important to consider the ethnic characteristics of our population and the type of surgery, since they presented a different behavior than the one reported in the literature.

For each patient there is a natural head position which responds to individual and environmental factors, like survival, independent from occlusion. The purpose of this study was to value the radiographicdiagnostic differences between lateral cephalometric radiographs taken in natural head position (NHP) and in a standard position with cephalostatic ear rods in the craneocervical angulation of each patient. Thirty patients were evaluated and two lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken for each subject, one in natural head position and the other in standard position with the cephalostatic ear rods. They were classified as biotype I, II, III according to their facial patterns and the ANB angle. The measurements were compared using both techniques and biotypes. The results showed statistical significant differences between both techniques on biotype III, but for biotype I and II the results were similar. It is suggested that the lateral cephalometric radiographs in the biotype III subjects be taken in natural head position.

The objective of this study is to present a descriptive and retrospective analysis of the behavior of trauma to the craniofacial complex produced by firearms in patients that consulted the Maxillofacial Surgery and Estomatologic Service of the San Vicente de Paul University Hospital (HUSVP) and the School of Dentistry of the University of Antioquia between the years1998 and 2003. The parameters considered were age, sex, type of firearm used, motive of aggression, and number of impacts received. If the patients were under the effects of alcohol or psychoactive drugs at the moment of injury were also evaluated. The type of injury caused to hard and soft tissues, type of treatment performed, complications and type of healing processes were studied as well. 137 patients examined with this type of traumatism presented the following findings: the most frequent age interval reported for this type of injury was between 21 and 30 years of age with 37% of the registered cases, 89% of the patients were males, 90% of the wounds were caused by pistols, assault was the motive in 58% of the aggressions, 89% of the patients never had antecedents of this type of traumatism, 50% of the patients presented a single bullet impact and 92 of the 137 patients had never consumed alcohol or drugs. The most common treatment was closing the injury, 39% of the cases and 28% of the patients received a combination of opening and closing, 88% of the patients didn’t present an infection during treatment and a correct healing process was observed in 72% of the patients. 60% of the patients required treatments for more than ten weeks before final discharge and 70% were see within the first five days at the Maxillofacial Surgery service after being injured. The most affected anatomical regions in the midface were the malar and dentoalveolar processes and the mandibular corpus and dentoalveolar process in the mandible.

A clinical case report of a fifteen-year-old female with an Angle class III malocclusion and with maxillary deficiency and mandibular prognathism is presented. The patient initially consulted at an early age and a decision was made to delay comprehensive treatment until her skeletal growth ended. Alexander’s prescription (Ormco) was used for orthodontic treatment and a mandibular surgical set back only with oblique ramous osteotomy was performed achieving an adequate occlusal relationship and facial balance. This patient was treated according to the protocol established for the orthodontic and oral and maxillofacial surgery postgraduate programs of the Dental Faculty of the University of Antioquia.

Ameloblastoma is the most common benign tumor, It represents 1% of all odontogenic tumors and comprises 11 to 18% of all maxillary lesions. Eighty percent of the cases described are located in the body of the mandible and its angle; it affects males and females equally, and its more prevalent during the third and fourth decades of life. This tumor has diverse clinical, radiographical and histo-pathological aspects. Although it is considered a benign pathology, it is locally invasive and has a high rate of recurrence. The objective of this article is to present the experience obtained with the diagnosis and treatment of ten cases of ameloblastoma in patients ranging from 12 and 73 years of age. Eighty percent of theses cases were located in the mandible and were causing different clinical manifestations such as: facial asymmetry, dental displacement, root resorption, alteration in the occlusion, pain, masticatory difficulty and pathological fractures. According to their image a radiographic classification was made, identifying them as unilocular and multilocular. Histopathologically, they were grouped according to the observed variant. Different treatment alternatives are described, as well as the complications encountered. Two patients had previous surgery for dentigerous cysts in the same area. Two cases had recurrent ameloblastoma five years after their surgical interventions performed in other institutions.

La predeterminacion cefalometrica en cirugia ortognatica es una aproximacion al resultado final que hacen el cirujano maxilofacial y el ortodoncista en la radiografia cefalica lateral prequirargica, con el fin de prever la dimension de los movimientos en los tejidos duros y blandos que se realizaran en el paciente durante la cirugia. Esta tecnica se ha utilizado como una herramienta diagn6stica valiosa permitiendo al cirujano, al ortodoncista y al paciente tener una vision de los resultados que se van a obtener. En esta investigacion se calculO el porcentaje de confiabilidad de las predeterminaciones cefalometricas hechas manualmente en treinta y tres pacientes sometidos a cirugia ortognirtica, comparando el namero de variables que se aproximaran a lo esperado en un rango de 95%. Se utilizaron las radiografias prequirargicas (T1), sobre las cuales se hizo el trazado cefalometrico, la prediccion de los movimientos de los maxilares necesarios para cada paciente (T2), y la comparaciOn con el trazado cefalometrico sobre las radiografias postquirOrgicas (T3). Para determinar el porcentaje de confiabilidad se midio la distancia en puntos cefalometricos de tejidos duros y blandos, entre ambos trazos superimpuestos (T2-T3). Estas medidas se compararon tanto en sentido horizontal (Plano de Frankfort), como en sentido vertical (Plano de McNamara). Los resultados muestran como las predeterminaciones hechas sobre acetatos tienen alto porcentaje de confiabilidad en los movimientos del maxilar superior y de la mandibula, pero mas en el piano vertical que en el horizontal. Por el contrario, la predeterminacion del menton se comporta de una manera menos confiable, siendo menor la confiabilidad en el piano anteroposterior, que en el vertical. Los resultados obtenidos estan en concordancia con los reportados por otros autores, quienes consideran la predeterminaci6n cefalometrica como una herramienta vita previa a la realizacion del plan de tratamiento ortodoncico quirúrgico.

Copyright of Sanidad Militar is the property of Ministerio de Defensa, Subdireccion General de Publicaciones y Patrimonio Cultural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sago flour obtained using the Argao process (indigenous Philippine flour extraction process) was prepared into different mesh sizes (60, 100 and 200 mesh). The sieved flour was divided into fine (F) and course (C) fractions and were tested for percent process recovery, proximate analysis, total starch, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Percent process recovery ranged from 77-89%. Crude fat content was less than 1% (w/w) for all samples while crude fiber content were significantly higher in the coarse fractions. Starch content(db) of the fine fractions were 88.31±1.78% (F60), 92.87±1.49% (F100), and 96.62±1.03% (F200) while coarse fractions had a total starch content(db) of 74.65±1.20% (C60), 68.66±0.96% (C100), and 64.67±1.14% (C200). Total polyphenol content of fine flour fractions (2.83-6.17mg GAE/g sample) was significantly lower than the course fractions (31.50-42.76mg GAE/g sample). Moreover, sago was used as substrate for lactic acid production. Agar, alginate and ?-carrageenan were tested as immobilization matrices for E. faecium DMF78. Alginate (3% w/v) extruded drop wise on 0.2M CaCl2, and cured for 1hr was found to be the most efficient immobilizing matrix. The use of immobilized and free cells led to the production of 3.011g/L and 4.80g/L lactic acid after 24hrs, representing lactic acid productivity of 0.125 g.L-1h-1 and 0.200 g.L-1h-1 and lactic acid yield (conversion) of 25.42% and 39.76%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In recent years, Colombia recognized orphan diseases as a problem of public health interest and ordered its mandatory notification. Objective: Describe the information on orphan-rare diseases obtained in Cali through SIVIGILA in the first 2 years of registration. Materials and methods: Analytical cross-sectional observational study. Absolute and relative frequen-cies were calculated. Normality analysis of Shapiro Wilk was performed. Prevalence was calculated. The relationship of different sociodemographic and clini-cal variables and mortality risk was evaluated, using Generalized Linear Models, the Poisson distribution family, Logarithmic link function and robust variance models. Results: 635 cases were notified, 78 in 2016 for a pre-valence of 3,25 / 100.000 and 557 in 2017 for a pre-valence of 23,01 / 100.000. Most cases belong to the tax system. The communes with the highest number of cases and the highest prevalence were 17 and 22. Among the first most common orphan-rare diseases, sickle cell disease was the most reported in Cali with 25 cases in 2016 (prevalence 1,04/100.000) and 77 ca-ses in 2017 (prevalence 3,1/100.000). The estimated crude mortality rate for the study period was 0,83 / 100.000, and the diseases with the highest mortality were sickle cell disease in women (0,12 / 100.000) and polyneuropathy in men (0,13 / 100.000). Discussion: It is necessary to carry out and publish in the future, deeper analyzes through the detailed review of medical records and the incorporation of other available sources such as the Individual Registry of Provision of Services (RIPS) and the Unique Regis-try of Affiliates (RUAF), with in order to reduce the sub-registry and provide the whole community with more precise and detailed information.

A low-cost medium for the amylolytic lactic acid bacterium, Enterococcus faecium DMF78, was developed by response surface methodology using sago starch as substrate. Six nitrogen sources, wort, whey, corn steep liquor (CSL), trub, soybean and mungbean flour were evaluated to completely eliminate or dramatically reduce the use of expensive yeast extract, beef extract, and proteose peptone in the medium. Highest lactic acid yield was achieved using a medium with 35.0% whey, 25.0% wort, 3.0% diluted CSL and 0.076% proteose peptone in the standard formulation of de Mann, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium. Validation run of the optimized medium in the 2-L fermentor revealed slightly lower starch utilization (0.75 g/g) and low cell growth, but high lactic acid yield of 28.83 g/L after 24 hours, as compared to fermentation using complete sago-MRS medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an effort to lower the cost of raw-starch-digesting amylase (RSDA) production for E. faecium DMF78, statistical tools were used to optimize production parameters. Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken has been carried out to evaluate the effects of 17 different parameters and conditions. Proteose peptone, beef extract, and MRS salts were found to be positive significant effectors for amylase production. On the other hand, yeast extract, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and corn steep liquor (CSL) were negative effectors. The optimized medium resulted to a 466.67% increase in amylase activity and 41.99% decrease in cost compared to the modified MRS medium with the elimination of yeast extract, trub, SDS, and CSL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Introduction: Population ageing has determined increased prevalence of chronic illness and functional impairment. Consequently, increased hospital admission of elderly patients is observed, not only in general wards but also in high dependency units such as medical intermediate care units (IntCU), despite uncertainty on their prognostic factors. Objective: To identify prognostic factors of older patients admitted in an IntCU, namely acute illness severity, comorbidity and functional status. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: IntCU of a Central and University Hospital. Subjects: One hundred and seventy-six elderly patients consecutively admitted during 32 months, compared with 112 non-elderly patients. Main outcome measure: IntCU mortality and In-hospital mortality. Methods: At admission acute illness severity, comorbidity and previous functional status were measured. Outcome measurements included IntCU mortality and in-hospital mortality. Results: Comorbidity and functional impairment were higher in elderly. Higher IntCU mortality in elderly patients (13.1%) was also observed as well as a higher in-hospital mortality. SAPS II was the best predictor of both IntCU and in-hospital mortality in elderly group. Charlson index was not a good predictor of IntCU and in-hospital mortality in elderly patients nor Barthel index a protective factor. Conclusions: This study supports using SAPS II as the standard prognosis assessment tool of elderly admitted in IntCU. Despite Charlson and Barthel indexes were not associated with higher mortality in our study, a comprehensive assessment should be carried out when admitting elderly patients in IntCU, not being age the best criteria. Risk stratification is mandatory to predict benefit of IntCU admission and accurate tools need to be developed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the nutritional status of orthopaedic patients. DESIGN: Prospective observation study. SETTING: Tertiary hospital, Clinical Nutrition Unit. PATIENTS: 107 patients (56.1% women, 43.9% men, 62.1 +/- 20.4 years) are studied at admission to the orthopaedic unit and it is observed the evolution of orthopaedic surgery patients with hip or knee prosthesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Medical history, anthropometric data and three nutritional screening tools were considered: Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) y Valoración Global Subjetiva (VGS). It was assessed the prevalence of malnutrition in patients on admission to hospital, using different methods and determining if a correlation exists between malnutrition and other factors, such as the development of pressure sores of the dependence in activities of daily living. RESULTS: The risk of malnutrition is 22 and 24/100 patients admitted at hospital, if MNA and SGA are used, respectively (SGA caregorized 4% of the group as 'malnourished'). 80% patients are considered to be at high risk of malnutrition using MUST. 1.7% patients presented a Body Mass Index (BMI) lower than 18.5. There is a strong agreement between malnutrition and neropsychological status (p = 0.001), and the dependence in activities of daily living (p = 0.002), and between medium and high risk of malnutrition and the development of pressure sores (p = 0.003). If MNA and SGA (p = 0.000) are used, post-surgical patients presents a deteriorating nutritional status. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of malnutrition in patients on admission to hospital is elevated. Orthopaedic surgery patients with hip and knee prosthesis presented a deteriorating nutritional status, and a higher incidence of pressure sores in a month. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the nutritional status of orthopaedic patients. Design: Prospective observation study. Setting: Tertiary hospital, Clinical Nutrition Unit. Patients: 107 patients (56,1% women, 43,9% men, 62,1 ± 20,4 years) are studied at admission to the orthopaedic unit and it is observed the evolution of orthopaedic surgery patients with hip or knee prosthesis. Material and methods: Medical history, anthropometric data and three nutritional screening tools were considered: Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) y Valoración Global Subjetiva (VGS). It was assessed the prevalence of malnutrition in patients on admission to hospital, using different methods and determining if a correlation exists between malnutrition and other factors, such as the development of pressure sores of the dependence in activities of daily living. Results: The risk of malnutrition is 22 and 24/100 patients admitted at hospital, if MNA and SGA are used, respectively (SGA caregorized 4% of the group as "malnourished"). 80% patients are considered to be at high risk of malnutrition using MUST. 1,7% patients presented a Body Mass Index (BMI) lower than 18,5. There is a strong agreement between malnutrition and neropsychological status (p = 0,001), and the dependence in activities of daily living (p = 0,002), and between medium and high risk of malnutrition and the development of pressure sores (p = 0,003). If MNA and SGA (p = 0,000) are used, post-surgical patients presents a deteriorating nutritional status. Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition in patients on admission to hospital is elevated. Orthopaedic surgery patients with hip and knee prosthesis presented a deteriorating nutritional status, and a higher incidence of pressure sores in a month. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]