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The long head of the biceps tendon is a known pain generator of the shoulder. There are numerous pathologic entities that may affect this tendon, including tendonitis, partial tearing, and subluxation. These conditions are often associated with rotator cuff tears, especially those involving the subscapularis. Operative interventions include tenotomy and tenodesis. Tenodesis can be preformed in a proximal or distal location. Subpectoral tenodesis may have a lower recurrence rate than proximal-based techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite recommendations for increased physical education (PE) in schools, little is known about the content of PE programs in Alberta. The purpose of this study was to obtain information from schools across the province of Alberta about the (a) make-up of PE classes, (b) content of PE classes, (c) factors influencing the delivery of PE programs, and (d) quantity of PE being taught across all grades (K 12). A probability-sampling procedure was used to obtain a representative sample of schools. Within those schools, nonprobability procedures were used to recruit teachers. A total of 480 (210M, 269F, 1 not provided) teacher and 162 principal questionnaires were returned. Between-grade differences were found for number of specialists teaching PE, the type of activities being taught, the amount of time devoted to PE, and the use of community facilities. There were no between-grade differences in the way students were assessed. Teachers and principals rated existing facilities and equipment as adequate to somewhat lacking. The results are discussed with respect to the need for similar research across other Canadian provinces, professional development opportunities, and advocacy for PE programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]