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It is expected that fusion energy development, which is at a critical stage of breaking through energy break-even in the engineering sense, has the potential to reshape the future pattern of energy development with both opportunities and challenges. This study reviews the main progress of fusion energy research and summarizes the major challenges regarding energy balance, tritium selfsustainability, high availability, development of irradiation-resistant materials, and economical efficiency in general sense. On the basis of sorting out the common basic technology breakthroughs of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) program and the supporting research activities of its member states, the study summarizes the progress of China’s magnetic confinement fusion research in terms of overall planning, self-developed projects, and technical tracking. Furthermore, focusing on the Z-pinch-driven fusion-fission hybrid reactor (Z-FFR) concept, which is independently proposed by China, this study elaborates on the basic principles, application advantages, and series of progresses, and proposes a development plan toward commercial energy supply by 2040, covering the task objectives in the stages of key technology campaign, engineering demonstration, and promotion of commercial power generation. To comprehensively promote China’s fusion energy development, several suggestions are given. In the magnetic confinement fusion area, it is suggest that China deeply participate in the ITER program and relevant international cooperation, overcome key physics and engineering technologies of commercial fusion reactors, promote the research and development of key components of China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) device, and construct and operate CFETR in due course. In the Z-FFR area, it is of first priority to start the construction of electromagnetic-driven large-scale scientific devices the soonest possible, develop key technologies for fusion energy, and promote both engineering demonstrations and commercial projects in proper time.

BackgroundMost of the researches on continuous nursing education is from the perspective of patients， and there is a lack of studies on the impact of continuous nursing education on patient caregivers， and the care quality of caregivers is closely related to postoperative rehabilitation status of the patients.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of continuous nursing education on anxiety relief of caregivers of patients with all-robot coronary artery bypass surgery， and to provide references for improving caregivers' anxiety and promoting patients' recovery.MethodsA total of 120 caregivers of patients with all-robot coronary artery bypass surgery at the First and Sixth Center of 301 Chinese PLA General Hospital were included from January 1， 2021 to December 31， 2022. The caregivers were randomly divided into study group and control group with 60 cases in each group by systematic random sampling method. Before the patient discharge from the hospital， all caregivers received routine nursing education. The study group received continuous nursing education for 4 weeks after patient discharged. Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） was used to evaluate the two groups before and one month after discharge.ResultsOne month after discharge， SAS score in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group ［（57.77±14.08） vs. （70.19±13.60）， t=-4.913， P

Problematic mobile phone use can predict depression in adolescents, but few studies have thoroughly explored its internal mechanism. This study surveyed 1,768 Chinese adolescents in three educational levels (upper grades of elementary, junior middle, and high school levels) using a questionnaire. Results showed that (1) problematic mobile phone use significantly positively predicted adolescents' depression after controlling for gender and age, (2) parent-child relationship played a mediating role between problematic mobile phone use and adolescents' depression, and (3) adolescents' educational level moderated relationships between problematic mobile phone use and parent-child relationship as well as parent-child relationship and depression. The negative effect of problematic mobile phone use on the parent-child relationship and the impact of the parent-child relationship on depression are weakened as the educational level of adolescents increases. These findings indicated that problematic mobile phone use affects adolescents' depression by reducing the quality of parent-child relationship, wherein the degree of influence reduces at high educational levels. Limitations and future directions of this study were also discussed.

Background: Dehydration, a common condition where the amount water lost from the body exceeds intake, disrupts metabolic processes and negatively impacts health and performance. Rehydration, the process of restoring body fluids and electrolytes to normal levels, is crucial for maintaining physiological health. In vivo dehydration models are experimental systems used to study the effects of dehydration on living organisms. However, a comprehensive summary of in vivo models and the application of human rehydration strategies is lacking. Methods: This review provides a comprehensive overview of various in vivo models and rehydration strategies. Results: In vivo models, stimulated by fluid restriction, exercise, thermal exposure, and chemicals, have been used to study dehydration. Importantly, the principles, characteristics, and limitations of the in vivo models are also discussed, along with rehydration administration methods, including oral, intestinal, intravenous, subcutaneous, and intraperitoneal routes. Additionally, rehydration strategies and the application for managing different dehydration conditions both in daily life and clinical settings have been summarized. Conclusions: Overall, this review aims to enhance the understanding of the conditions in which in vivo dehydration models and rehydration strategies are applicable, thereby advancing research into the physiological and pathological mechanisms of dehydration and supporting the development of effective rehydration therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infection among inpatients in a tertiary hospital， and provide scientific evidence for hospital infection control and targeted surveillance.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate a total of 543 hospitalized patients using the hospital information system.ResultsThe prevalence of hospital-acquired infection （HAI） was 4.24%， and that of community-acquired infection （CAI） was 23.39%. HAI prevalence differed significantly among the departments （χ2=148.870， P

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of COVID-19-related stress on the social adaptation of college students， and to analyze and compare the mediating effects of patience and social support.MethodsStratified cluster sampling method was applied to enroll 3 219 college students， and they were assessed using the COVID-19-related Stress Questionnaire， Social Adaptation Inventory （SAI）， Patience Questionnaire （PQ） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）， thereafter， the mediating effect was assessed via the SPSS Process macro.ResultsCollege students' COVID-19-related Stress Questionnaire score were positively correlated with the scores of PQ and SSRS （r=0.297， 0.229， P

The vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) is a widely studied combinatorial optimization problem in supply chains and logistics within the last decade. Recent research has explored the potential of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) as a promising solution for the VRPTW. However, the challenge of addressing the VRPTW with many conflicting objectives (MOVRPTW) still remains for DRL. The MOVRPTW considers five conflicting objectives simultaneously: minimizing the number of vehicles required, the total travel distance, the travel time of the longest route, the total waiting time for early arrivals, and the total delay time for late arrivals. To tackle the MOVRPTW, this study introduces the MTMO/DRP-AT, a multi-task multi-objective evolutionary search algorithm, by making full use of both DRL and the multitasking mechanism. In the MTMO/DRL-AT, a two-objective MOVRPTW is constructed as an assisted task, with the objectives being to minimize the total travel distance and the travel time of the longest route. Both the main task and the assisted task are simultaneously solved in a multitasking scenario. Each task is decomposed into scalar optimization subproblems, which are then solved by an attention model trained using DRL. The outputs of these trained models serve as the initial solutions for the MTMO/DRL-AT. Subsequently, the proposed algorithm incorporates knowledge transfer and multiple local search operators to further enhance the quality of these promising solutions. The simulation results on real-world benchmarks highlight the superior performance of the MTMO/DRL-AT compared to several other algorithms in solving the MOVRPTW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is an amalgamation of symptoms encompassing insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated fasting blood glucose levels, and hepatic steatosis. Emerging evidence suggests that the hallmark of MS lies in alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolites. These alterations traverse a compromised intestinal barrier, exerting an impact on various metabolic organs, thereby precipitating the onset of MS. In recent years, the rapid advancement of sequencing methodologies, bioinformatics, and metagenomic technologies has rendered the exploration of the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota feasible. The manipulation of the gut microbiota is now considered a highly promising novel strategy for the treatment of MS. Ginsenosides, serving as the principal bioactive constituents of the esteemed herb ginseng, have been unequivocally validated to possess a diverse array of pharmacological activities, encompassing anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and cardiovascular protective properties. Nevertheless, the intricacies of the therapeutic mechanisms underlying ginsenosides in the treatment of MS remain unclear, owing to the challenge posed by their inherently low absorption rates. Recent studies indicate that when ginsenosides enters the gastrointestinal tract, ginsenosides can interact with the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota may represent a potential mechanism for the therapeutic effects of ginsenosides in treating MS. Based on this, this review aims to summarize the latest research progress of ginsenosides targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites for the treatment of MS, and provide evidence to confirm that ginsenosides have the potential to become modulators of gut microbiota for the treatment of MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]