Search

Introduction: Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy has been recommended as an acceptable alternative to surgical approach for making a histopathological diagnosis in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) of undetermined type. In limited diseases (especially if distributed along the subpleural region), sampling the specific area in which the pathological process is more represented could be challenging. Aim of the study was to determine the potential benefit of utilizing cone-beam computed tomography-guided cryobiopsy in patients with limited extent of ILD on CT scan and determine the single impact of each sequential biopsy progressively increasing the total number of biopsies. Methods: This study is a prospective analysis of patients with undetermined ILD and CT scan extent <15% undergoing cone-beam CT-guided cryobiopsy. Each biopsy sample was collected and processed individually and pathologic interpretations were performed sequentially with the pathologist reformulating a new report with the addition of each sample (cumulative yield). Results: Thirty six patients were enrolled. Pathological diagnostic yield was >90%, with almost 80% of diagnostic samples being the first one; when a second biopsy was performed, mean diagnostic yield increased with only a moderately significant difference. No severe adverse events were observed; pneumothorax was documented in 27.8% of the cases. Conclusion: Sequential individual collection and pathologic interpretation of each biopsy sample has confirmed the possibility of obtaining a diagnostic specimen at the first pass if transbronchial cryobiopsy is performed under cone-beam CT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 62-year-old male who has been presented with symptoms of nonproductive cough, chest pain, and exertional dyspnea. It is reported that imaging revealed multifocal hypodense filling defects in the right pulmonary artery and increased fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the lesion. It is further noted that endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided cryobiopsy confirmed primary pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma (PAIS).

It is still controversial whether surgical or nonsurgical treatment approaches are most appropriate for empyema in children, and there are no data regarding the role of medical thoracoscopy in this population. The aim of this study was to describe our experience with medical thoracosocpy in children with multiloculated and organizing pneumonia. We retrospectively reviewed children admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of empyema from 2011 to 2021 and treated with medical thoracoscopy. A total of six patients with empyema were treated by medical thoracoscopy; empyema was multiloculated in five cases and organized in one case; all children in the study recovered completely with full lung expansion after chest X‐rays, and no disease sequelae were reported after clinical follow‐up. Our small case series suggests that in selected cases, medical thoracoscopy could safely and effectively treat pleural empyema in children, with less invasiveness and reduced psychological consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intraluminal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a rare malignant neoplasm with aggressive behaviour. Differential diagnosis with pulmonary embolism, metastasis or even pseudotumors can be complex and the site of the tumour can pose a significant diagnostic challenge, as the pulmonary arteries are not easily accessible for diagnostic sampling. We describe a case of primary pulmonary artery sarcoma diagnosed with endoscopic ultrasound-guided needle aspiration/biopsy through transesophageal access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]