Search

The objective of this work was to evaluate the possible toxic, cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of different concentrations of the infusion of leaves of Turnera ulmifolia Linn. through the plant system Allium cepa Linn. The onions were placed in contact with the chanana infusion. Toxic and cytotoxic effects were evaluated by inhibiting root growth. The onions were placed in contact with the infusion of Turnera ulmifolia Linn. (T1-2.25g; T2-4.5g; T3-6.75g; all placed in 250ml of boiling water; T4-negative control-mineral water and T5-positive control-paracetamol at 3.6 mg/mL after some time the roots were measured with a ruler, then histological evaluation was carried out, using the automatic histotechnical for dehydration, clearing and embedding in paraffin and finally cut by microtome and analyzed in the optical microscope with 40X objective., cytotoxic and mutagenic were evaluated through the inhibition of root growth, mitotic indices and the occurrence of micronuclei. The cytotoxic effect was verified by analyzing the averages of the mitotic indices, where it was clear that all the treatments analyzed showed a significant decrease in cell division and consequent decrease in the mitotic index. Mutagenicity has not been attested due to the small amount of micronucleus cells. The infusion of the medicinal plant Turnera ulmifolia Linn. on the cell cycle of Allium cepa Linn. showed toxic and cytotoxic effects, but however did not show mutagenic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the impacts of thermal processing on the chemical composition of jackfruit seeds and their toxicity. The ash content of the seeds subjected to roasting was higher (3.21%) compared to the seeds in the other treatments. However, the contents of moisture (5.29%) and protein (10.49%) were lower. The protein content showed a significant difference (P≤ 0.05) among the studied groups (10.49%). The lipid content was lower in the seeds subjected to cooking (1.13%), while the carbohydrate content showed a significant difference (P≤ 0.05) among the groups studied (54.11%). Raw seeds had the highest fiber content (25.20%). Regarding toxicity, only the cooked jackfruit seed flour showed cytotoxic potential. However, none of the samples caused irritation or vascular disorders in fertilized eggs. These results suggested that heat treatment can ensure the safety of seeds against cytotoxicity; although, it reduces the content of some macronutrients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica is the property of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A poluição de sistemas aquáticos com contaminantes emergentes é uma crescente preocupação. Dentre estes, os desreguladores endócrinos (DE) são substâncias que podem alterar o sistema endócrino de seres vivos até em baixas concentrações. Suas características físico-químicas indicam afinidade com matéria orgânica, sendo relevante o estudo de sedimentos. A atividade estrogênica pode ser avaliada pelo ensaio in vitro YES, porém matrizes ambientais complexas podem apresentar citotoxicidade e interferir no resultado do ensaio. Este estudo objetivou avaliar métodos de preparo de amostras de sedimento utilizando extração em fase sólida para remoção de compostos citotóxicos no ensaio in vitro YES. O uso isolado de EDTA para remoção de metais não foi eficiente para reduzir a citotoxicidade, enquanto a remoção foi completa com o cartucho SAX. Conclui-se que o uso combinado de cartuchos foi a técnica mais viável para a avaliação da atividade estrogênica de amostras de sedimento com ensaio YES.

Background: Orthodontic and orthopedic materials are made of stainless steel, with chemical elements such as nickel and chromium, generally associated with allergenic effects and hypersensitivity, expressed locally. Purpose: To examine, using the micronucleus test in oral mucosa cells, DNA damage in patients undergoing removable metallic orthopedics. Methods: Samples were collected before the appliance adaptation and 30 days later, the buccal cells of each individual were collected by gently brushing the internal part of the cheeks with a cytological brush. The plates were immersed in a Coplin jar with 0.2 % Light Green solution for 1 minute, and then were rinsed with deionized water or Milli Q to remove excess dye. Later, these were placed on a drying plate between 50℃ and 80℃ for 10 to 15 minutes. Results: Compared with the initial samples, after 1 month of orthopedic treatment, a significant increase in the frequency of cells with micronuclei, nuclear budding and karyorrhexis was observed. No changes or evidence of an increase were observed in cells with condensed chromatin. Conclusions: The stages of nuclear alteration that took place during the development of this study were MN frequency, nuclear budding and karyorrhexis, registering a higher frequency in the second sampling and attributed to the presence of removable appliances in the patients. Pyknosis, karyolysis, and karyorrhexis do not constitute stages of nuclear alteration, the latter being the one with the greatest trend observed in the first and second sampling. For this stage, a significant increase in number was found, attributed to the presence of removable appliances in the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining is crucial in civil construction, providing materials for various applications. However, both mining and construction activities have negative environmental impacts. Mining causes harm in exploration areas and nearby regions, while real estate paints emit significant amounts of volatile organic compounds that can damage the atmosphere and reduce air quality. This can lead to health risks for those in the affected area. It is necessary to develop the reuse of mineral residues to meet the demand for less aggressive products. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate limestone mining tailings as an alternative for the development of ecological paints. Four inks were developed using white glue, styrofoam, wheat, and starch and compared with a commercially sold ink. Visual analyzes of geoinks and commercial paint were made, followed by rheological tests. For the evaluation of cytotoxicity, the MTT colorimetric method was used. It was observed that 64.10% of limestone mining waste, 25.64% of water, and 10.26% of glue were ideal for producing geoinks. The viscosity of the geoinks showed greater stability when subjected to temperature variation. In the flow analysis, the geoinks and the commercial ink showed characteristics of non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluids. The ink developed with mining waste, water, and wheat glue did not change the apparent viscosity when in the presence of human blood and did not change the cell viability. These results suggest that going based on mining tailings, water, and wheat glue can be a good alternative to limestone mining tailings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Para a utilização da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) como planta medicinal, é necessário determinar concentrações e formas de utilização seguras e eficazes. Modelos in vitro de triagem de citotoxicidade fornecem dados preliminares para selecionar doses seguras potencialmente benéficas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a citotoxicidade aguda de diferentes concentrações de um extrato hidroetanólico de folhas de erva-mate em dois modelos de células sanguíneas humanas. Para isso, eritrócitos e células mononucleares de sangue periférico de 10 indivíduos saudáveis foram incubadas com diferentes concentrações do extrato hidroetanólico de erva-mate por 150 minutos a 37°C. Após a incubação, foram realizados testes bioquímicos de detecção de citotoxicidade. A concentração de 1000µg/mL de extrato aumentou a hemólise, a fragilidade osmótica e a peroxidação lipídica em eritrócitos, mas não teve efeito citotóxico em células mononucleares. Estes dados sugerem que altas concentrações de extrato podem ser tóxicas para alguns tipos celulares e, por isso, concentrações seguras de utilização são essenciais para a recomendação da erva-mate como planta medicinal.

Introduction: Species of the Asteraceae family are known to have aromatic, cosmetic and therapeutic properties; having several researches that evidenced medicinal potential of this family. Among the species of Asteraceae, there is Praxelis clematidea, which is rich in chemical substances such as flavonoids, terpenoids and steroids, which can perform a series of biological activities. Aim: To verify the toxic potential of the ethanolic extract of P. clematidea leaves against human blood cells, in order to determine the theoretical toxicity of this species. Method: For the performance of the cytotoxic activity test, blood suspensions of types A, B and O were prepared, which were subsequently mixed at different concentrations of the ethanolic extract for 1 (one) hour. Hemolysis was quantified by spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 540 nm. Results: The ethanolic extract of P. clematidea leaves in different concentrations showed low cytotoxicity against human erythrocytes in vitro, emphasizing the product as a possible viable option for the herbal medicine industry. However, it is important to clarify that more in vivo studies need to be carried out to confirm this toxicological profile of the extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universitas Scientiarum is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O compósito à base de hidroxiapatita, quitosana e nanotubo de carbono foi desenvolvido com o intuito de auxiliar na consolidação óssea. Estudos anteriores sugerem que a combinação de substitutos ósseos e células-tronco mesenquimais (CTM) podem auxiliar a potencializar e promover a regeneração óssea. No presente estudo, o biomaterial foi desenvolvido e a viabilidade e a citotoxicidade de células Vero (ATCC CCL-81) e CTM obtidas de medula óssea provenientes de ovinos utilizando ensaios metil-tiazol-tetrazólio, MTT e iodeto de propídeo (PI) foram avaliadas em diferentes concentrações de extrato desse compósito. O compósito demonstrou ausência de citotoxicidade com comportamento semelhante ao grupo controle. Amostras com 50% e 10% de concentração de extrato do compósito mostraram resultados maiores comparados ao grupo controle (ensaio MTT). Esses resultados também sugerem que a presença do biomaterial pode ser utilizada em associação a CTM. Assim, esse estudo conclui que o compósito apresentado de hidroxiapatita, quitosana e nanotubo de cabono não foi considerado citotóxico e pode ser utilizado em teste in vivo.

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A taxa de mortalidade (TM) representa um dos principais indicadores da qualidade da assistência a pessoa com câncer de mama (CM), mostrando-se como um instrumento fundamental no delineamento e revisão das políticas voltadas à pessoa acometida pela doença. A abordagem terapêutica, por sua vez, representa um dos eixos primordiais à redução da mortalidade pela doença. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar o perfil da mortalidade por CM no Brasil, bem como propor uma nova alternativa terapêutica, baseada no uso de produtos naturais. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo documental-retrospectivo, descrevendo a distribuição da TM por CM no Brasil, durante o período de 1987 a 2016, considerando fatores como sexo e faixa etária; em consonância, também foi realizado um estudo experimental, de caráter quanti-qualitativo, para avaliar o potencial citotóxico da (S)-(+) carvona e da (R)-(-)-carvona em linhagens celulares de CM. Assim, constatou-se que a TM por CM no Brasil apresenta uma tendência crescente ao longo dos anos, independe de sexo e faixa etária. No entanto, observou-se que no sexo feminino houve um maior número de mortes e, no sexo masculino, uma maior progressão da TM ao longo dos anos. Ademais, a amplificação da mortalidade por CM ocorreu em conformidade com o aumento da idade, revelando uma relação de proporcionalidade entre esses dois fatores. Com relação à análise experimental, constatou-se que tanto a (S)-(+) carvona como a (R)-(-)-carvona revelaram-se citotóxicas às linhagens celulares de CM, apresentando um efeito dependente da concentração.

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For the use of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) as a medicinal plant, it is necessary to determine safe and effective concentrations and forms of use. In vitro cytotoxicity screening models provide preliminary data to select potentially beneficial safe doses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute cytotoxicity of different concentrations of a hydroethanolic extract of yerba mate leaves in two models of human blood cells. For this, erythrocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 10 healthy individuals were incubated with different concentrations of the hydroethanolic extract of yerba mate for 150 minutes at 37 ° C. After incubation, biochemical tests for cytotoxicity detection were performed. The concentration of 1000µg/mL of extract increased hemolysis, osmotic fragility and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes, but had no cytotoxic effect on mononuclear cells. These data suggest that high concentrations of extract can be toxic to some cell types and, therefore, safe concentrations of use are essential for the recommendation of yerba mate as a medicinal plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo Introdução A Punica granatum L. (PG), utilizada como medicamento fitoterápico, apresenta propriedades terapêuticas, anti-inflamatórias e antioxidante. Embora diversos estudos já tenham sido realizados com este fitoterápico, seus possíveis efeitos citotóxicos nos tecidos humanos ainda não são claros. Objetivo Avaliar a citotoxicidade da PG por meio de cultura celular com duas linhagens: fibroblastos humanos de mucosa oral (FLM) e células de carcinoma epidermoide oral humano (KB). Material e método As células foram submetidas ao teste de viabilidade celular por 24 horas nas concentrações da PG 1%, 0,50%, 0,25%, 0,125%, 0,062% e 0,031%, e aos testes de citotoxicidade celular em 4 horas, 1, 3, 5 e 7 dias, em diferentes concentrações, realizados em triplicata. Foi utilizado um controle negativo (Triton 1%) e um controle positivo sem o extrato de PG. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à ANOVA (p < 0,05). Resultado Foi possível observar que o extrato da PG possui efeitos inibitórios, apresentando-se maior nas células KB em relação às FLM. Os testes de citotoxicidade e viabilidade mostraram inibição e morte das células KB e FLM nas concentrações 1%, 0,50% e 0,25%. Conclusão O efeito inibitório da PG foi dose-dependentes, mostrando-se maior nas células KB em relação às FLM.

Copyright of Universidade Estadual Paulista. Revista de Odontologia is the property of Universidade Estadual Paulista. Revista de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introdução: O câncer é um desafio global à saúde, classificado como a segunda principal causa de morte. Projeções indicam um aumento de 63,4% nos casos até 2040 [1]. Embora a quimioterapia com compostos como cisplatina seja comum no tratamento, a sua eficácia é prejudicada devido à ligação não específica desses agentes, o que resulta em graves toxicidades sistêmicas [2]. Uma alternativa promissora para enfrentar este problema são os complexos de cobre (Cu), pois metais endógenos como o Cu podem ser menos tóxicos para as células normais, reduzindo os efeitos colaterais [3]. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito citotóxico e genotóxico de um complexo de Cu(II) e seu pré-ligante fenolato-imina. Método: Ensaio de viabilidade celular: MTT e vermelho neutro em linhagens celulares humanas normais e tumorais em 72 h de tratamento (1a e 2a); Ensaio de proliferação celular: Sobrevivência clonal; Análise de atividade genotóxica: ensaio cometa (detecção de danos ao DNA). Resultados: Nossos resultados demonstram que o complexo Cu(II)(2a) e seu respectivo ligante fenolato-imina (1a)(Figura 1) apresentam resultados citotóxicos promissores em linhagens celulares tumorais MCF-7 (mama) e SW620 (colorretal). Como pode ser visto no gráfico 1, a citotoxicidade do composto 1a após 72 h de tratamento começa em 10 μM para SW620 e 20 μM para as linhagens MCF-7 e MRC-5. O composto 2a apresentou citotoxicidade iniciando em 5 μM após 72 h de exposição na linhagem celular MCF-7 e SW620 e a partir de 7,5 μM para a MRC-5. O composto 1a exibiu IC50 de 44,5 μM (MCF-7), 10,5 μM (SW620), e 15,4 μM (MRC-5). No ensaio clonogênico, obteve-se maior inibição da proliferação celular na linhagem SW620. No ensaio cometa indicou mais danos na linhagem SW620. Para o composto 2a o IC50 foi similar entre as linhagens MCF-7 (5,2 ± 0,4 μM), SW620 (4,2 ± 0,3 μM) e MRC-5 (6,1 ± 0,4 μM) após 72 horas. Além disso, a citotoxicidade do 2a contra a linhagem celular SW620 e MCF-7 é próxima daquela encontrada para o composto de referência, 5-Fluorouracil (IC50: 4 μM em SW620) e um pouco superior a cisplatina (IC50: 12,7 μM em MCF-7). No ensaio clonogênico, inibiu mais MCF-7 que a MRC-5. No ensaio cometa demonstrou mais danos ao DNA na linhagem MCF-7. Conclusão: Ambos os compostos apresentaram efeitos citotóxicos e genotóxicos nas linhagens tumorais. O complexo 2a induziu genotoxicidade maior em células MCF-7 do que em células MRC-5, revelando seletividade para células de câncer de mama. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro cytotoxicity of natural rubber (NR) latex membranes stabilized with different concentrations of ammonia, as well as evaluate possible changes in oxidative stress parameters. To this end, CHO-k1 cells were exposed to NR membranes for 24 h. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT assay and the oxidative stress parameters were established by glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The results show that the ammonia present in the NR latex membranes can deplete cell viability and enhance GSH consumption in the cells. NR latex membranes stabilized with 2.0% of ammonia were cytotoxic to the cell lineage used in this study. From these results, it is possible to infer that the use of ammonia to stabilize NR latex membranes with biomedical purposes has to be done carefully, to avoid possible harmful effects to human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pellucida peperomia, commonly known as jabuti herb, little heart, glass herb, is used in popular medicine as an antibiotic, wound healing, abdominal pain, cramps, acnes, boils, headaches, kidney disorders and pains in the articulations. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the possible toxic and mutagenic effects of the aqueous extract (EA) of P. pellucida. The in vivo test of Allium cepa was used to determine cytotoxicity and mutagenicity, in which concentrations of 100 and 50% for AE were used. For the in vitro test with Artemia salina, the concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12 and 6.25% were used, for analysis of the cytotoxic activity and determination of LD50. The cytotoxicity test resulted in an LD50 of 8799 µg/ mL for EA, which was considered to be non toxic or inactive. The A. strain strain demonstrated a reduction in root growth indicating cytotoxicity by EA. All treatments resulted in the presence of micronuclei, but there was a statistically insignificant difference in comparison to the positive control group. It was concluded that the extracts revealed cytotoxic and non-mutagenic effects, and there were no significant data regarding the mitotic index when compared to the controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mammary neoplasms are frequent in dogs, and surgical excision by radical unilateral mastectomy is the first-choice treatment for most cases. Typically, inguinal lymphadenectomy is performed during mammary inguinal excision, whereas axillar lymphadenectomy is performed using dyes to guide surgical dissection and avoid iatrogenic trauma. This study reports the case of a bitch that underwent axillar lymphadenectomy and regional mastectomy. In this way, this work has the objective of reporting the case of a bitch referred to mastectomy and lymphadenectomy, which presented complications due to the use of 1% methylene blue. Case: A 15-year-old female intact poodle weighing 6.2 kg presented with mammary nodules. Cytological examination confirmed malignant neoplasm in the mammary gland classified as Grade II (World Health Organization). Radical unilateral mastectomy and regional lymphadenectomy were performed. The surgical procedure involved intradermic injection of 0.5 mL of sterile 1% methylene blue solution around the right cranial thoracic mammary gland divided in four sites before skin incision. Following right axillar lymphadenectomy, instead of radical unilateral mastectomy, regional mastectomy was performed in two ulcerated nodules at the right cranial abdominal gland to shorten the surgery time after the bitch demonstrated severe trans-operative hypotension. The bitch was monitored during anesthetic recovery and was discharged after stabilization. At fourteen days after surgery, the patient was re-examined. Increased volume and pain in the mammary glands of both chains were observed. In addition, a whitish liquid secretion was noted primarily from the thoracic caudal left and thoracic cranial right mammary glands. The last mammary gland also presented a periareolar black area where the dye was applied. Progressive remission of the clinical signs was observed after therapy with amoxicillin and clavulanate (20 mg/kg/BID/15 days) and meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg/SID/3 days). At 60 days after surgery, the patient presented minor signs of mastitis at the left caudal thoracic mammary gland. Discussion: In humans, methylene blue is avoided because of rapid diffusion after injection, which could be associated with mastitis due to fat necrosis. The risk of this complication is reduced when tissue ipsilateral to the dyed lymph node is completely excised. In this case, the ipsilateral lymph node chain was not completed excised because of anesthetic complication, and periareolar necrosis was observed at the methylene blue injection site. This complication may be the result of methylene blue oxidation, which can produce formaldehyde and deamidated oxidation products. Methylene blue leads to vasoconstriction of arterioles and tissue ischemia when used in concentrated solutions. Furthermore, a 1% solution has a pH of 3-4.5, which increases its cytotoxic effect. Studies suggest that mammary neoplasms may promote local lymphatic alteration, as observed in this case, including inflammatory response at the contralateral chain that receives dye injection. This suggests that the dye is drained by lymphatic vessels and causes mastitis in the remaining mammary glands. Therefore, methylene blue can cause mastitis and tissue necrosis at the injection site, as well as in the contralateral chain in cases where radical unilateral mastectomy is not performed. This complication increases the morbidity associated with the procedure. However, in the present case, the treatment was sufficiently adequate to restore the patient's condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO Cyrtocymura scorpioides (sin. Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers.), Piracá é utilizada popularmente para tratamento de úlceras, traumatismos, candidíase, processos inflamatórios e dores musculares. Objetivou-se verificar nas plantas cultivadas na Vila Nair, Jardim São Dimas e Urbanova em São José dos Campos - SP, a influência da poluição veicular nos rendimentos da matéria seca (folhas), no óleo essencial, e no extrato bruto, bem como a ação citotóxica em células HEP-2 e L929, e identificar os componentes do óleo essencial e ação fungicida em Candida albicans. As estacas (54) foram cultivadas durante 6 meses em solo + adubo (2:1) na Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP, e distribuídas nas estações Dutra (E1 - tráfego intenso), Teotônio (E2 - tráfego médio) e Urbanova (E3 - tráfego baixo), onde 18 mudas foram cultivadas durante 6 meses, sendo 3 repetições de 6 plantas. O óleo essencial foi extraído por hidrodestilação e seus componentes identificados por cromatografia gasosa acoplado a espectrômetro de massas (CG-MS), através de indice de similaridade com a base de espectros Wiley L. O extrato bruto foi concentrado por rotavapor. A ação fúngica foi avaliada pelo teste de difusão em disco e a citotoxicidade pelo teste MTT. Em Urbanova (E3) verificouse maior rendimento da matéria seca, do extrato bruto e do óleo essencial. Identificou-se no óleo essencial: ß-cariofileno, α-cariofileno, germacreno D, delta-cadineno e cariofileno. O Óleo Essencial possui possui baixa ação fungicida em C. albicans, enquanto o extrato hidroalcóolico se mostrou citotóxico para L929 e HEp-2.

Twenty species of marine invertebrates from the Brazilian coast were screened for hemagglutinating/hemolytic activity. In at least twelve tested species, hemagglutinating activity was different for different blood types, suggesting the presence of lectins. Extracts from four species showed hemolytic activity. Two new lectins were purified from the marine sponge Cliona varians (CvL-2) and sea cucumber Holothuria grisea (HGL). CvL-2 was able to agglutinate rabbit erythrocytes and was inhibited by galactosides. The hemagglutinating activity was optimal in pH neutral and temperatures below 70 °C. CvL-2 is a trimeric protein with subunits of 175 kDa. On the other hand, HGL showed both hemagglutinating and hemolytic activity in human and rabbit erythrocytes, but hemolysis could be inhibited by osmotic protection, and agglutination was inhibited by mucin. HGL was stable in pH values ranging from 4 to 10 and temperatures up to 90 °C. In electrophoresis and gel filtration, HGL was a monomeric protein with 15 kDa. CvL-2 and HGL showed different levels of toxicity to Artemia naplii. CvL-2 showed LC50 of 850.1 μg/mL, whereas HGL showed LC50 of 9.5 µg/mL.

Inula aucheriana DC is a member of the family Asteraceae which is known to produce cytotoxic secondary metabolites noted as sesquiterpene lactones. In the present study, sesquiterpene lactones inuchinenolide B, 6-deoxychamissonolide (stevin) and 14-acetoxy-1β,5α,7αH-4β-hydroxy-guai-9(10),11(13)-dien-12,8α-olide were isolated from I. aucheriana. Inuchinenolide B and 14-acetoxy-1β,5α,7αH-4β-hydroxy-guai-9(10),11(13)-dien-12,8α-olide were further evaluated by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay to demonstrate cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of (56.6, 19.0), (39.0, 11.8), and (55.7, 15.3) μg/mL against HepG-2, MCF-7 and A-549 cells, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of the two evaluated sesquiterpene lactones partly explains the cytotoxic activity that was previously observed for the extracts of Inula aucheriana. The isolated compounds could be further investigated in cancer research studies.

Eleven phthalimide derivatives were evaluated with regards to their antiproliferative activity on tumor and normal cells and possible toxic effects. Cytotoxic analyses were performed against murine tumors (Sarcoma 180 and B-16/F-10 cells) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using MTT and Alamar Blue assays. Following, the investigation of cytotoxicity was executed by flow cytometry analysis and antitumoral and toxicological potential by in vivo techniques. The molecules 3b, 3c, 4 and 5 revealed in vitro cytotoxicity against Sarcoma 180, B-16/F-10 and PBMC. Since compound 4 was the most effective derivative, it was chosen to detail the mechanism of action after 24, 48 and 72 h exposure (22.5 and 45 µM). Sarcoma 180 cells treated with compound 4 showed membrane disruption, DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial depolarization in a time- and dose-dependent way. Compounds 3c, 4 and 5 (50 mg/kg/day) did not inhibit in vivotumor growth. Compound 4-treated animals exhibited an increase in total leukocytes, lymphocytes and spleen relative weight, a decreasing in neutrophils and hyperplasia of spleen white pulp. Treated animals presented reversible histological changes. Molecule 4 had in vitro antiproliferative action possibly triggered by apoptosis, reversible toxic effects on kidneys, spleen and livers and exhibited immunostimulant properties that can be explored to attack neoplasic cells.

Manihot multifida (L.) Crantz (Euphorbiaceae) is widely used in popular medicine for the treatment of infected wounds. This study evaluated thein vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of this species against strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, known to cause infections in humans. The extracts showed minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) varying from 39 to 2500 µg/mL for antimicrobial activity. The methanolic extract of fruits, aqueous and hexane extracts of leaves showed a very strong activity against Candida albicans(ATCC 18804) with MIC of 39 µg/mL. Furthermore, the methanolic extract of M. multifida leaves exhibited DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging potential with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 46.9 μg/mL, followed by hexane extract of leaves with IC50 values of 59.2 μg/mL. The cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp was stronger for the methanolic extract of leaves (lethal concentration - LC50 of 15.6 µg/mL). These results suggest that M. multifida has interesting antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Moreover, these results corroborate the popular use of this specie in treating fungal infections since it demonstrates significant activity againstC. albicans.

Micotoxinas representam um vasto grupo de contaminantes químicos naturais originados a partir do metabolismo secundário de fungos filamentosos patogênicos. Elas são produzidas, principalmente, pelos gêneros Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus e Penicillium, os quais podem contaminar grãos e cereais, como trigo, milho e soja. Conforme sua natureza e níveis de concentração, micotoxinas podem induzir efeitos tóxicos em animais de produção e humanos. Um estudo in vitro foi realizado para avaliar a susceptibilidade das células linfocitárias de frangos de corte a diferentes concentrações de ocratoxina A, deoxinivalenol e zearalenona. Cada micotoxina foi adicionada ao meio celular em diferentes concentrações (0,001; 0,01; 0,1 e 1μg/mL). A viabilidade celular e atividade de ecto-adenosina desaminase foram analisadas em 24, 48 e 72 horas através de ensaios colorimétricos. Para isso, foram utilizados 0,7x10(5) linfócitos/mL em meio RPMI 1640, suplementado com 10% de soro fetal bovino e 2,5 UI de penicilina/estreptomicina por mL, incubados em atmosfera de 5% de CO2 a 37 °C. Todos os experimentos foram realizados em triplicata e os resultados foram expressos como média e erro padrão da média. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que tanto ocratoxina A como deoxinivalenol induziram proliferação linfocitária e baixa atividade enzimática in vitro (P0,05). Foi possível correlacionar os dados referentes à viabilidade celular e atividade de ecto-adenosina desaminase, sugerindo que, em concentrações mínimas, as micotoxinas testadas não estimularam a atividade da enzima, que possui ação pró-inflamatória e contribui para o processo de imunossupressão e, portanto, evitando um decréscimo na viabilidade celular. Este é o primeiro estudo feito com OCRA, DON e ZEA sobre linfócitos de frangos de corte em cultivos in vitro na avaliação desses parâmetros.

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Phyllantus amarus is a species popularly used for urinary tract treatment purposes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the simulation of the inappropriate use of the infusion (tea) of the species from its cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects. The experimental model chosen was the Allium cepa system because it was efficient, sensitive, fast and inexpensive. The concentrations tested were 7g (T1), 10.5g (T2), 14g (T3) and 17.5g (T4) of aerial parts of the plant in 250mL of boiling water. As a negative control, mineral water was used and paracetamol (80mg/L) was used as a positive control. The results indicate toxicity of extracts by reduction of root growth of A. cepa. In relation to the cytotoxic effects a lower mitotic index was observed in the T4 treatment as well as a reduction of cells in the cell cycle, equivalent to the positive control. For the mutagenic effects, cells with different aberrations were found with increasing tea concentration. The findings reinforce the claim that medicinal plants are not free of undesirable effects. Therefore they should be consumed with caution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eugenia uniflora L. leaves ("pitangueira") are popularly used as an alternative to the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cytotoxicity, antioxidant, cytoprotection and insulinotropic activity of crude leaf extracts of Eugenia uniflora L. on the insulin secreting beta cell line (RINm5f). The antioxidant activity was analyzed by the Folin-Ciocalteau method, cytotoxicity and cytoprotection using MTT reduction method (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide), HE staining (hematoxylin-eosin) and the insulinotropic effect by radioimmunoassay. The alcoholic extract (ALC) presented only 8.6% of the phenolic content obtained for the aqueous extract (AQ). Both showed low cytotoxicity and LAC presented a significant insulinotropic effect. Both AQ and ALC showed a cytoprotective effect, increasing cell viability and preventing changes in cellular morphology induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The results obtained in this work are indicative of the potential of these extracts against oxidative stress, a characteristic frequently related to diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reactive Black 5 (RB5) is an azo dye widely used in the textile industry because of its high chemical stability. Since it does not entirely fix on the fabrics, it pollutes water sources. In this work, the decolorization of aqueous solutions with RB5 was performed by heterogeneous photocatalysis with TiO2/UV. The reaction was carried out in an aluminum photoreactor equipped with five lamps. The effect of TiO2 (0.1, 0.175, and 0.25 g L-1), RB5 concentration (50, 75, and 100 mg L-1), and pH (3, 7, and 11) was evaluated for 14 h, using a Box--Behnken experimental statistical design. Complete decolorization of RB5 was obtained at 14 h, employing 0.175 g L-1 TiO2, 50 mg L-1 RB5, and pH 3. A 98.44% of decolorization was achieved in 10 h (0.25 g L-1 of TiO2, 50 mg L-1 of RB5, and pH 7). The highest decolorization percentage of RB5 (99.51%) was obtained at 10 h of exposure to UV light, using 0.5 g L-1 of TiO2, 50 mg L-1 of the dye, and a pH of 3. Cytotoxicity tests on the HepG2 cell line indicated that photocatalytic degradation of RB5 did not generate cytotoxic byproducts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ceramica is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Ceramica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The high intensity ultrasound-assisted extraction (HIU) is one of the most simple, quick and efficient techniques for the extraction of phenolic and other antioxidant compounds from plants. This is the first application of HIU for the extraction of these compounds from goldenberry fruit. The HIU and conventional extraction techniques showed similar results regarding to phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. However, the time required for HIU extraction (5min) was 24 times lower than conventional extraction (120min). Phenolic compounds reported were chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and rutin. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were used for evaluation of extracts and the results showed that in a wide range of concentration, the extract maintains cell viability, thus indicating the possibility to use it as food with safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stomatos is the property of Revista Stomatos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract The goal of this study was to analyze cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity to bone marrow cells of mice of nature identical synthetic flavorings, passion fruit and strawberry, and artificial synthetic flavorings, vanilla, chocolate, tutti-frutti and cookie, at doses 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 5.0 and 10.0 mL/kg. The additives were given to the animals by gavage in a single daily application for seven days. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post Tukey’s post hoc test, p

A number of studies has shown that antioxidants, fatty acids and trace minerals may modulate different immune cell activities, and that their deficiency may be associated with diseases and impaired immune responses. In innate immunity, natural killer (NK) cells have a central role, killing virally infected and cancerous cells, and also secreting cytokines that shape adaptive immune responses. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of enriched diets in selenium plus vitamin E and/or canola oil on complete blood count and on NK cell cytotoxicity from blood lymphocytes of Nellore bulls. Bulls that received selenium plus vitamin E had (P=0.0091) higher NK cell cytotoxicity than control bulls. This result positively correlated with serum selenium levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that showed immunostimulatory effects of selenium plus vitamin E on NK cell cytotoxicity of Nellore bulls.

A anfotericina B (AmB) é fármaco “padrão ouro” para o tratamento de infecções fúngicas invasivas desde 1960, Entretanto, a anfotericina B apresenta elevada toxicidade, a qual manifesta-se mais frequentemente nos rins e no fígado, Sabe-se, desde 1985, que a auto-oxidação da AmB origina diferentes formas de espécies reativas oxidativas e estas, por serem tóxicas para a célula, seriam responsáveis, em parte, pela toxicidade, Diferentes estudos indicam que a hesperidina contribui por meio do decréscimo do estresse oxidativo, para a proteção renal e contra a injúria gerada pela isquemia, Tal fato e o envolvimento da AmB na geração de radicais livres tornam interessante a avaliação preliminar do efeito da hesperidina e AmB (isoladamente ou associadas) frente a espécies reativas do oxigênio e radicais livres, bem como o estudo das mesmas em modelos de citoxicidade, Frente ao ABTS•+, a AmB apresentou IC50 igual a 0,0124mg/mL, mas quando associada à hesperidina este valor caiu para 0,0003mg/mL, Frente ao HOCl, a Amb apresentou IC50 igual a 0,0056, mas quando associada à hesperidina este valor caiu para 0,0023mg/mL, No ensaio com DPPH• e radical ânion superóxido as amostras não foram efetivas, No ensaio com células endoteliais em cultivo (HUVEC), as associações reduziram a viabilidade celular, Estes resultados preliminares evidenciam a interação dos compostos com espécies reativas bem como indicam possibilidade de exacerbação do dano pela AmB na presença dos antioxidantes em um modelo in vitro.

Ver resumo em arquivo pdf.

Introdução: Vitis vinifera é uma espécie de uva pertencente à família Vitaceae, nativa do continente asiático e possui altos teores de flavonoides e antocianinas, compostos estes que são de grande interesse das indústrias alimentícia, por ser uma das frutas mais consumidas no mundo e na indústria farmacêutica, devido ao seu grande potencial biológico, tais como a atividade antioxidante, anti-inflamatória e antiproliferativa. Objetivo: Avaliar o potencial citotóxico in vitro do extrato hidroalcóolico liofilizado da Vitis vinifera em linhagens de células cancerosas. Método: A amostra foi produzida pelo grupo de pesquisa da UEPG e cedidos ao LANTIN. Foram utilizados neste experimento duas linhagens de células tumorais, de adenocarcinoma ileocecal humano (HCT8) e adenocarcinoma de pulmão (A549), sendo ambas as linhagens obtidas do Banco de Células do Rio de Janeiro. As culturas celulares foram mantidas em meio DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 Ham), suplementadas com soro fetal bovino (SFB) a 10% (HCT8, A549) e mantidas a 37° C em atmosfera umidificada com 5% de CO2. As linhagens celulares A549 (1x104) e HCT8 (1x104) foram semeadas em placas de 96/poços contendo 100 µL/poço de meio DMEM (10% de SFB) por 24 horas. Logo após, a amostra foi diluída em meio DMEM em sete diferentes concentrações (100, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 µg/ml) e adicionada nas células como tratamento por 48 horass ob tensão de 5% de CO2. Após o período de incubação, 10 µL de MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; 5 mg/ml) foi adicionado aos poços, sendo as células incubadas por mais 4 horas a 37°C. O meio foi removido e adicionou-se 100 µL de DMSO/poço. A absorbância foi detectada em comprimento de onda de 570 nm em espectrofotômetro. Cada análise foi realizada em quadruplicata. Os parâmetros IC50 (50% de inibição da viabilidade celular), GI50 (50% de inibição do crescimento) e LC50 (50% de morte celular) foram obtidos. Resultados: As diferentes concentrações do extrato mostraram citotoxicidade sobre as linhagens celulares avaliadas, apresentando na linhagem A549 IC50= 900,9 µg/ml, GI50= 548,2 µg/ml e LC50= 948,6 µg/ml e, na linhagem HCT8 IC50= 424, 8 µg/ml, GI50= 404.3 µg/mle LC50= 626.3 µg/ml. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o extrato da Vitis vinifera apresentou citotoxicidade sobre as linhagens celulares avaliadas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introdução: Camellia sinensis é uma espécie da família Theaceae, nativa de regiões subtropicais e reconhecida pelos altos teores de flavonoides e antocianinas. Estes compostos fenólicos são de grande interesse das indústrias alimentícia e farmacêutica, devido aos seus potenciais biológicos, tais como a atividade antioxidante, antiproliferativa e anti-inflamatória. Objetivo: Avaliar o potencial citotóxico in vitro do extrato hidroalcóolico liofilizado da Camellia sinensis (Et75%) em linhagens de células cancerosas. Método: A amostra (Et75%) foi produzida pelo grupo de pesquisa da UEPG e cedidos ao LANTIN. Utilizou-se neste experimento duas linhagens de células tumorais, adenocarcinoma de pulmão (A549) e adenocarcinoma ileocecal humano (HCT8), sendo todas as linhagens obtidas do Banco de Células do Rio de Janeiro. As culturas celulares foram mantidas em meio DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 Ham), suplementadas com soro fetal bovino (SFB) a 10% (HCT8, A549) e mantidas a 37° C em atmosfera umidificada com 5% de CO2. As linhagens celulares A549 (1x104) e HCT8 (1x104) foram semeadas em placas de 96/poços contendo 100 µL/poço de meio DMEM (10% de SFB) por 24 horas. Em seguida, a amostra foi diluída em meio DMEM em sete concentrações (0,5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 e 1000 µg/ml) e adicionada nas células como tratamento por 48 horas sob tensão de 5% de CO2. Após o período de incubação, 10 µL de MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; 5 mg/ml) foi adicionado aos poços, sendo as células incubadas por mais 4 horas a 37°C. O meio foi removido e adicionouse 100 µL de DMSO/poço. A absorbância foi detectada em comprimento de onda de 570 nm em espectrofotômetro. Cada análise foi realizada em quadruplicata. Os parâmetros IC50 (50% de inibição da viabilidade celular), GI50 (50% de inibição do crescimento) e LC50 (50% de morte celular) foram obtidos. Resultados: As diferentes concentrações do Et75% mostraram citotoxicidade sobre as linhagens celulares avaliadas, apresentando na linhagem A549 IC50= 95,26 µg/ml, GI50= 62,00 µg/ml e LC50= 195,4 µg/ml e, na linhagem HCT8 IC50= 414,8 µg/ml, GI50= 222,2 µg/ml e LC50= 457,6 µg/ml. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o Et75% apresentou citotoxicidade sobre as linhagens celulares avaliadas, sendo assim, a amostra apresentou uma potencial inibição do crescimento das linhagens celulares cancerosas testadas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introdução: Um dos problemas enfrentados na atualidade é a busca por tratamento ao câncer, pois, mesmo com tantos avanços na medicina, ainda não existe uma cura. Dessa forma, se faz necessário estudos de terapias alternativas. Este estudo utiliza um extrato vegetal, proveniente da Camellia Sinensis, que foi extraída com etanol a 75%, identificada como ET75. Objetivo: Avaliar a citotoxicidade da ET75 in vitro, sobre as linhagens de células tumorais de fígado (HepG2). Materiais e métodos: Utilizou-se neste experimento uma linhagem de hepatocarcinoma cultivada no laboratório de Análises Nutricionais e Toxicológicas (LANTIN), sendo os procedimentos de cultivo realizados em fluxo laminar, em condições assépticas e utilizando materiais estéreis. A cultura celular foi mantida em meio DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium/NutrientMixture F-12 Ham), suplementadas com soro fetal bovino (SFB) a 10% e mantidas a 37° C em atmosfera umidificada com 5% de CO2. A linhagem HepG2 foi semeada em placas de 96/poços contendo 100 µL/poço de meio DMEM (10% SFB) por 24 horas. Em seguida, a amostra foi diluída em meio DMEM em seis concentrações (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 e 500 µg/mL) e adicionado na célula como tratamento por 48 horas sob tensão de 5% de CO2. Após o período de incubação, 10 µL de MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; 5 mg/mL) foi adicionado aos poços, sendo as células incubadas por mais 4 horas a 37°C. O meio foi removido e adicionou-se 100 µL de DMSO/poço. A absorbância foi detectada em comprimento de onda de 570 nm em espectrofotômetro. Cada análise foi realizada em quadruplicata. Os parâmetros IC50 (50% de inibição da viabilidade celular), IG50 (50% de inibição do crescimento) e LC50 (50% de morte celular) foram obtidos. Resultados: As diferentes concentrações de ET75 mostraram citotoxicidade sobre a linhagem analisada, com IC50= 401 µg/mL, IG50= 186,3 µg/mL, LC50= 545,4 µg/mL. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a amostra ET75 apresentou citotoxicidade relevante sobre a linhagem celular avaliada, sendo uma amostra vegetal capaz de inibir a proliferação de células de câncer de fígado humano. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introdução: Camellia sinensis, conhecida popularmente por chá-verde ou chá-da-índia é uma planta pertencente à família Theaceae geralmente encontrada em regiões tropicais e subtropicais, em áreas de florestas nativas na China e na Índia, por exemplo. Possui propriedades terapêuticas, devido a presença de ativos com caráter antioxidante e anti-inflamatório, como as antocianinas e outros flavonoides. Objetivo: Realizar uma análise do potencial citotóxico in vitro do extrato aquoso acidificado liofilizado de uma amostra da Camellia sinensis (EAC) em linhagens de células tumorais. Método: Foi concedida uma amostra de Camellia sinensis (EAC) produzida pelo grupo de pesquisa da UEPG ao LANTIN. Foram utilizados no experimento duas linhagens de células cancerosas obtidas no Banco de Células do Rio de Janeiro, a adenocarcinoma de pulmão (A549) e a adenocarcinoma ileocecal humano (HCT8). As culturas celulares - HCT8 e A549 - foram mantidas em meio DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 Ham) e nutridas com soro fetal bovino (SFB) a 10%, submetidas a uma temperatura de 37°C em atmosfera umidificada com 5% de CO2. As linhagens das células e HCT8 e A549 (1X104) foram tratadas em placas de 96/poços por quadruplicata contendo 100 µl/poço de meio DMEM (10% de SFB) por 24 horas e, posteriormente, diluída em sete concentrações (0,2; 0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 3,0 e 5,0 µg/ml) em meio DMEM (10%SFB) e adicionada nas células por 48 horas com finalidade de tratamento. Dado o período proposto de incubação, foi adicionado 10µL de MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide;5 mg/ml) e incubadas novamente por 4 horas em uma temperatura de 37°C. O meio contendo DMEM foi removido e foi adicionado 100 µL de DMSO/poço. Foi detectada em espectrofotômetro em comprimento de onda de 570nm. Foram definidos os parâmetros GI50 (50% de inibição do crescimento), IC50 (50% de inibição da viabilidade celular), e LC50 (50% de morte celular). Resultados: As concentrações de EAC demonstraram citotoxicidade diante as linhagens de células testadas, conforme os parâmetros avaliados, sendo na HCT8 - IC50 = 0,45 µg/ml, GI50 = 0,22 µg/ml, e LC50= 1,18 µg/ml e na linhagem A549 - IC50 = 0,69 µg/ml, GI50 = 0,007 µg/ml e LC50= 0,77 µg/ml. Conclusão: Em síntese, o experimento demonstrou que a amostra testada apresenta citotoxicidade sobre as linhagens celulares em dosagens baixas, ou seja, possui propriedade antiproliferativa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity at the cellular level of milk chocolate drinks, five significant operations of companies in the food market of countries in South America and Europe. This assessment was through the meristem cells of roots of Allium cepa L., the exposure times 24 and 48 hours, directly in milk products marketed. Based on these results, it was found that all the analyzed chocolate milk samples caused a significant reduction of mitotic index, at the lowest exposure time considered and resulted in both stipulated analysis times statistically significant number of mitotic spindle changes and micronuclei to meristem evaluated roots. Therefore, the established analytical conditions, the chocolate milk were analyzed cytotoxic and genotoxic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnobotanical surveys of Cerrado native plants show that leaves of Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sargent (Cannabaceae), popularly known in Brazil as “esporão de galo”, are used in folk medicine for body pain, asthma, cramps, poor digestion, urinary infection, kidney dysfunctions, as well as a stimulant and diuretic. This work aimed at evaluating possible C. iguanaea aqueous leaf extract (CALE) cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and antigenotoxicity using the mouse bone marrow micronucleous test. To assess CALE genotoxicity, Swiss mice were orally treated with three different extract concentrations (100, 300, and 500 mgkg−1). To evaluate its antigenotoxicity, the same doses were used simultaneously with a single i.p. dose of mitomycin C (MMC, 4mg.kg−1). The frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) were evaluated 24 h and 48 h after administration except for the negative control (24 h). Genotoxicity was evaluated using the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE), whereas cytotoxicity was assessed by the polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes ratio (PCE/NCE). The results showed that CALE did not exhibit a significant reduction in the PCE/NCE ratio, neither a considerable increase in the frequency of MNPCE. Nonetheless, CALE reduced bone marrow toxicity (increased PCE/NCE ratio) and decreased the micronuclei frequency induced by MMC. We can conclude that CALE presented no cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, but showed antigenotoxic and anticytotoxic actions under the experimental conditions applied in this study.