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BaTiO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method using amorphous phase TiO2 precursor as the Ti-source. The microstructure and phase structure were determined using XRD, SEM and Raman spectroscopy analysis results. The results showed that BaTiO3 nanoparticles have tetragonal structure, average size of about 100 nm was obtained at Ba/Ti ratio of 1.5, synthesis temperature of 200∘C and reaction time of 12 h. The components of the BaTiO3 lead-free ceramic system are fabricated by conventional solid-phase reaction from the average size BaTiO3 particles about 100 nm obtained by hydrothermal process. The effects of sintering behavior on dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of BT high-density ceramic were studied. The BaTiO3 ceramic composition sintered at 1300∘C has a relative density of 97%, the value of the electromechanical coefficient k p = 0.40, k 3 3 = 0.42, the large piezoelectric coefficient d 3 3 = 300 pC/N, d 3 1 = − 125 pC/N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article studies the microstructure and piezoelectric properties of low sintering temperature lead-free ceramics -doped with ZnO nanoparticles (noted as 0.48BZT- y, y is content of ZnO in wt%, y =0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25). The obtained results of Raman scattering and dielectric measurements have confirmed that has occupied B site, to cause a deformation in the ABO3-type lattice of the 0.48BZT- y compounds. The 0.15 wt% ZnO-doped ceramic sintered at 1350C exhibited excellent piezoelectric parameters: , , , and . The obtained results indicate that the high-quality lead-free BZT-BCT ceramic could be successfully synthesized at a low sintering temperature of 1350C by doping an appropriated amount of ZnO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]