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Background: A variety of cutaneous disorders have been found in neonatal period. These disorders may be physiological or pathological, temporary or permanent, congenital or acquired. Most of the skin lesions are benign, transient and physiological. Aims and Objectives: To study the incidence of pathological cutaneous disorders of neonates in the neonatal care unit and compare these with other studies in India and also the world. Materials and Methods: It was a hospital based observational, descriptive study. Study duration was one year. Study population was the all admitted neonates in neonatal care unit in peripheral tertiary institution. The study sample size was 108 neonates. We used Chi-square test to evaluate the P value. P value of less than 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: We found 47 neonates (43.52%) as infective skin disorders, 21 cases (19.44%) as naevi and other developmental disorders, 10 cases each (9.26%) as keratinization disorder and eczematous conditions. 19 neonates (17.59%) were put into miscellaneous group. Among the infective disorders, we found 21 cases of bacterial infections, 18 cases of fungal infections, 6 cases of viral infections. Other important findings were of six aplasia cutis congenita cases, five cases of collodion babies, one harlequin baby, two cases of unilateral digital gangrene of upper limb etc. None of the neonatal dermatosis had shown significance (P > 0.05). Inadequate sample size was the possible cause for these results. Conclusion: The pattern of pathological dermatoses was evaluated. An effective knowledge about these dermatoses will be helpful to the Dermatologists and also Pediatricians for proper treatment and to assure the worried parents.

Proteus syndrome (PS) is a rare sporadic disorder with postnatal asymmetric overgrowth from any of the three germinal layers. The tissue overgrowth may present at birth but becomes more conspicuous with the progression of age. Though it apparently can affect any tissue, it commonly involves skin, bones, and central nervous system. The PS is difficult to diagnose as any part of the body is affected along with several complications. To overcome the diagnostic confusion, there are three general mandatory criteria with at least one of the three category signs designated as specific criteria according to First National Conference on PS. We diagnosed our case by connective tissue nevus in sole with three general criteria. Huge cerebriform nevus sebaceous as epidermal nevus was not found previously. A few neonatal PS cases were reported. All the lesions were unilaterally distributed. Our case was neonatal PS with unilateral distribution. We report this case because of its rarity.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is the most common form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytic lesion, characterized by benign, usually asymptomatic, self-healing yellowish brown papulonodular lesions of skin and other organs in the absence of metabolic disorder. The cells of origin of JXG are dermal dendrocytic cells. Histopathologically there is dermal infiltration of foamy or non-foamy histiocytes with or without giant cell. Immunohistochemistry shows CD68 positivity with CD1a and S-100 negativity of lesional cells although S-100-positive JXG have been reported. JXG may be associated with neurofibromatosis type one (NF 1) with increased risk of juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia and other hematological malignancies. Our case was S-100 immunoreactive multiple, cutaneous JXGs with NF 1 without any visceral involvement or malignant complication. We are presenting this case due to its rarity.

Background: There are very little elaborative studies in India about various patterns of skin diseases and various factors those influence the diseases in a tertiary institution. Aims: To find out the various patterns of skin diseases in relation to age, sex, occupation, and socio-economic status. To find out the magnitude of skin diseases and compare with other similar studies . Materials and Methods: Collection of data of all new skin cases in a specified period of one year and put on proforma for diagnosis. Few investigations were done for correct diagnosis. Results: It was found that skin OPD patients (new) were 4.16% of total new OPD patients, and male female ratio was 1.1:1. Among all patients (12910), infection was commonest (39.54%), followed by allergic skin disorder (29.20%). 25.05% patients were housewives, followed by students (23.21%). Study showed that 33.28% patients had per capita income of ` 361-720/month, and 22.35% patients were educated and/or studied up to class V. Conclusion: Pattern of skin diseases are mostly depend not only on environmental factors but also on occupation, socio-economic status, literacy, and age of the patients.

Porokeratosis is a well-known keratinization disorder where cornoid lamella is characteristically seen. There are seven clinical variants of which porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata (PPPD) is a very rare entity. Our PPPD case was sporadic and diagnosed early at 35 years of age. The lesions started on trunk and disseminated to extremities, face, oral cavity, palms and soles. Involvement of oral mucosa made easier to differentiate our case from disseminated superficial porokeratosis. The response was good with isotretinoin therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]