Search

To enrich the content and form of college civic education, this paper constructs a civic education management innovation platform based on big data technology to explore the innovative development path of college civic education. Using the differentiated fusion algorithm, the information processing of college student management data is carried out, and the educational mining information of college students is identified through feature extraction. Bayesian network is introduced in the process of index weight calculation to improve the data mining efficiency to ensure the validity of obtaining the evaluation index of Civic Education. To verify the feasibility of the innovation platform of Civic Education Management based on big data technology, the application effect was tested. The analysis results show that the platform constructed in this paper can make students’ cognitive awareness of course contents reach 0.98, students’ concentration effect reach 0.89, and the overall effect of teaching feedback reach 90% in selecting teaching resources. The average test score of students in the experimental group was 8.5, and the average length range of the independent learning course was 2.78-4.629 hours. Thus, it can be seen that the platform constructed in this paper is conducive to promoting the high-quality development of Civics teaching and enhancing the effectiveness of Civics education in colleges and universities.

Solder layer voids have a significant impact on the thermal performance of a device, which is a key cause of the thermal failure of the device. In this paper, the area and location of solder layer voids are calculated by combining finite element modeling and experimental measurements. Specifically, by analyzing the path of heat dissipation in the device, an equivalent thermal resistance network is constructed to calculate the area and location of the solder layer voids, and the calculation results show that the increment of the path thermal resistance depends on the void area; almost independently of the location, the temperature distribution of the device changes due to the phenomenon of heat accumulation in the voids. Further, in order to calculate the position of the solder layer voids, a point thermal resistance network matrix model is proposed based on the temperature distribution characteristics of the device surface. The validity of the proposed model is verified by comparing the calculation results of the junction temperature, void area, and location with the measurement results based on experimental platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The voltage endurance coefficient n of cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation is an important indicator for the analysis of insulation failure mechanism. Accurately obtaining the value of n can provide technical support for the reliability evaluation of cable operation. The constant stress method and the step stress method are used to obtain the values of n, but the test parameters can influence the accuracy of the obtained n values. Two methods for selecting test parameters are proposed. The equivalence between the two methods is established, providing theoretical support for the accurate evaluation of the n value of solid insulation materials by using the step stress method. The accuracy of the evaluation results is verified by analyzing the test data. The test results show that the nstep = 13.04 evaluated by the step stress test with the proposed parameter selection method is consistent with the test result of constant stress nconstant = 12.83. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thrust from corona discharge might be a promising propulsion technology in future aviation due to its advantage of not requiring mechanical moving parts. Although the thrust from corona discharge has been researched by many scholars, the effect of the applied voltage's polarity on the thrust has received little attention. This polarity effect might be very important for some special electrohydrodynamic thrusters. This paper firstly built a test platform to reveal the effect of the applied voltage's polarity on both the thrust and the corona current from a pair of symmetrically distributed needle electrodes. Then the applied voltage's polarity on the electrical field distribution between a pair of needle-plate electrodes was simulated. Finally, the relationship between the space ions at the tip of the needle electrode and the thrust are discussed. The results show that a negative needle electrode with a smaller curvature radius has a stronger thrust than a positive one with a larger curvature radius, and a stronger thrust corresponds to a higher corona current. The local electric field is enhanced by the space ions at the tip of a negative needle electrode, while it is weakened by a positive needle electrode. This results in the polarity of thrust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transformers play a crucial role in power systems. In this respect, fault diagnosis and aging state assessment have garnered significant attention from researchers. Herein, accelerated thermal aging and Raman scattering experiments are conducted on oil–paper insulation samples to accurately detect aging states. The samples are categorized into different aging stages based on the polymerization degree of the insulating paper. Principal component analysis (PCA), multi-dimensional scale change method (MDS), and isometric mapping algorithm (Isomap) are employed to extract features from the Raman spectra. Subsequently, the XGBoost strong classifier, optimized through Bayesian hyperparameter optimization (BO-XGBoost), is utilized to distinguish between four and ten states among 175 groups of samples after feature extraction. The subsequent classification results of the three feature-extraction methods are compared. The results indicate that Isoamp, which pertains to the manifold dimension transformation, achieves the highest average discriminative accuracy after feature extraction. The discriminative accuracies for aging states four and ten are 97.0% and 95.1% respectively, demonstrating that Raman spectroscopy manifold dimension transformation enhances the distinctiveness between samples of different aging states in the feature-extraction process. The diagnostic model constructed with Isomap and BO-XGBoost enables accurate discrimination of the aging states of oil–paper insulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABO blood group antigens exhibit alternative phenotypes and genetically derived structures that are located on the red cell surface. The role of ABO blood group in cancer biology has been intensely reported by several studies, and it is now widely recognized that ABO antigens are associated with the risk and prognosis of several types of tumors, namely gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. However, there have been contentious limited issues with the association between the ABO blood group and lymphoma. In this narrative review, based on literature data, we discuss the role of ABO blood group in the risk and prognosis of lymphoma and summarize the current knowledge of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of the association. The possible association of ABO blood group with racial disparities and pathological classification in lymphoma patients is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Proposing the DC cable axial temperature field as an evaluation condition for DC cable operation. • A high-fidelity digital twin model is built for the DC cable. • Investigating the impact of fast and accurate computation with Sequence-to-Sequence residual neural networks is crucial for the prediction and maintenance of digital twin models. • Accuracy can be guaranteed while achieving millisecond-level calculations. The most important features of digital twin technology for transmission and transformation equipment are symbiotic evolution and state prediction. In constructing the digital twin model for DC cables, the transient and steady-state temperature fields need to be considered comprehensively in the modeling process to consider the multi-physical field coupling, mathematical model, operational data, and environmental conditions in specific cases, which makes it difficult to satisfy the real-time requirements of the digital twin. To solve this problem, in this paper, a digital twin technology architecture for DC cables is proposed, and a neural network learning model is constructed to minimize the latency due to the complexity of the model simulation. Moreover, an efficient digital twin model that is based on the model-driven approach is developed for the fast computation of the axial temperature field of DC cables. The use of the Sequence-to-Sequence residual neural network algorithm for the reduced-order multi-physics field coupling modeling reduces the computational time and ensures as much accuracy as possible up to the finite element model simulation. The simulation results show that the use of the digital twin model reduces the simulation time from 275 s to 0.56 s, and the relative error between the accuracy of the digital twin model and the finite element model for the axial temperature field of the DC cable is 0.46 %. Finally, verification of the reasonableness and feasibility of the proposed method is carried out via an experimental platform according to the standard of CIGRE TB496. In particular, the maximum value of the DC cable temperature is verified to have a small error compared with the result of the Sequence-to-Sequence calculation under specific working conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial wastewater containing large amounts of organic pollutants is a severe threat to the environment and human health. Thus, the rapid detection and removal of these pollutants from wastewater are essential to protect public health and the ecological environment. In this study, a multifunctional and reusable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate by growing Ag nanoparticles (NPs) on ZnO nanorods (NRs) was produced for detecting and degrading Rhodamine B (RhB) dye. The ZnO/Ag substrate exhibited excellent sensitivity, and the limit of detection (LOD) for RhB was as low as 10−11 M. Furthermore, the SERS substrate could efficiently degrade RhB, with a degradation efficiency of nearly 100% within 150 min. Moreover, it retained good SERS activity after multiple repeated uses. The interaction between Ag NPs, ZnO, and RhB was further investigated, and the mechanism of SERS and photocatalysis was proposed. The as-prepared ZnO/Ag composite structure could be highly applicable as a multifunctional SERS substrate for the rapid detection and photocatalytic degradation of trace amounts of organic pollutants in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Amylose content is a crucial physicochemical property responsible for the eating and cooking quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain and is mainly controlled by the Waxy (Wx) gene. Previous studies have identified several Dull genes that modulate the expression of the Wxb allele in japonica rice by affecting the splicing efficiency of the Wxb pre‐mRNA. Here, we uncover dual roles for a novel Dull gene in pre‐mRNA splicing and microRNA processing. We isolated the dull mutant, du13, with a dull endosperm and low amylose content. Map‐based cloning showed that Du13 encodes a C2H2 zinc‐finger protein. Du13 coordinates with the nuclear cap‐binding complex to regulate the splicing of Wxb transcripts in rice endosperm. Moreover, Du13 also regulates alternative splicing of other protein‐coding transcripts and affects the biogenesis of a subset of microRNAs. Our results reveal an evolutionarily conserved link between pre‐mRNA splicing and microRNA biogenesis in rice endosperm. Our findings also provide new insights into the functions of Dull genes in rice and expand our knowledge of microRNA biogenesis in monocots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology may bring seismic changes to media, and China is no exception. In this article, we examine factors affecting the adoption of media technology in China, including government policies, historical contexts, and other social contributors. We also provide an analysis of changes brought about by technology, in the industry and in academic research. Our goal is to delineate a clear picture of how technology interacts with society and to provide background knowledge and contextual information for this JoBEM special issue focusing on Chinese electronic media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) orf75 (ac75) is a highly conserved gene that is essential for AcMNPV propagation. However, the key domains or residues of the AC75 protein that play a role in viral propagation have not been identified. In this study, sequence alignment revealed that residues Phe-54 and Gln-81 of AC75 were highly conserved among alphabaculoviruses and betabaculoviurses. Thus, Phe-54 and Gln-81 AC75 mutation bacmids were constructed. We found that Gln-81 was not required for viral propagation, whereas mutating Phe-54 reduced budded virus production by 10-fold and impaired occlusion body formation when compared with that of the wild-type AcMNPV. Electron microscopy observations showed that the Phe-54 mutation affected polyhedrin assembly and also occlusion-derived virus embedding, whereas western blot analysis revealed that mutating Phe-54 reduced the amount of AC75 but did not affect the localization of AC75 in infected cells. A protein stability assay showed that the Phe-54 mutation affected AC75 stability. Taken together, Phe-54 was identified as an important residue of AC75, and ac75 is a pivotal gene in budding virus production and occlusion body formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate monitoring of insulation aging of oil-paper insulation power equipment such as oil-immersed transformers is a key and difficult point in the field of high voltage research. In this paper, a method based on Raman spectroscopy to diagnose the aging degree of oil-paper insulation is discussed. Raman detections of the samples were carried out on a self-built Raman detection platform. The partial least squares method was used to extract and analyze the spectral features. The aging time of the sample was used to supervise the feature extraction of oil-paper insulation Raman data, and the intrinsic mathematical relationship between the Raman features of oil-paper insulation and the aging was excavated. Finally, a quantitative aging diagnostic model based on Raman spectral features of oil-paper insulation to predict its aging state was built with the assistance of the support vector regression method. The results of aging time prediction for 30 test samples show that the mean square error is 0.0123 and the square of correlation coefficient is 0.987. The proposed method provides a new idea for Raman aging diagnosis of oil-paper insulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyruvate kinase (PK) is a key enzyme in glycolysis and carbon metabolism. Here, we isolated a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant, w59, with a white‐core floury endosperm. Map‐based cloning of w59 identified a mutation in OsPKpα1, which encodes a plastidic isoform of PK (PKp). OsPKpα1 localizes to the amyloplast stroma in the developing endosperm, and the mutation of OsPKpα1 in w59 decreases the plastidic PK activity, resulting in dramatic changes to the lipid biosynthesis in seeds. The w59 grains were also characterized by a marked decrease in starch content. Consistent with a decrease in number and size of the w59 amyloplasts, large empty spaces were observed in the central region of the w59 endosperm, at the early grain‐filling stage. Moreover, a phylogenetic analysis revealed four potential rice isoforms of OsPKp. We validated the in vitro PK activity of these OsPKps through reconstituting active PKp complexes derived from inactive individual OsPKps, revealing the heteromeric structure of rice PKps, which was further confirmed using a protein–protein interaction analysis. These findings suggest a functional connection between lipid and starch synthesis in rice endosperm amyloplasts. Pyruvate kinase (PK) functions in glycolysis. Mutation in plastidic OsPKpα1 resulted in dramatic changes to lipid and starch biosynthesis in rice endosperm. As plastidic PK plays a fundamental role in generating the precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis, our findings suggest a functional connection between lipid and starch synthesis in amyloplasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflation models are numerous. It is extremely difficult, if possible at all, to identify the actual underlying inflation model of our primordial universe. Thus, for the purpose of proving/falsifying inflation and using inflation to probe new physics, model-independent approaches are crucial. Massive fields play a uniquely important role in those missions. This short review is based on a talk by one of the authors (YW) in the 2nd LeCosPA Symposium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Standard Clocks in the primordial epoch leave a special type of features in the primordial perturbations, which can be used to directly measure the scale factor of the primordial universe as a function of time a ( t ) , thus discriminating between inflation and alternatives. We have started to search for such signals in the Planck 2013 data using the key predictions of the Standard Clock. In this Letter, we summarize the key predictions of the Standard Clock and present an interesting candidate example in Planck 2013 data. Motivated by this candidate, we construct and compute full Standard Clock models and use the more complete prediction to make more extensive comparison with data. Although this candidate is not yet statistically significant, we use it to illustrate how Standard Clocks appear in Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and how they can be further tested by future data. We also use it to motivate more detailed theoretical model building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Experimentally distinguishing different primordial universe paradigms that lead to the Big Bang model is an outstanding challenge in modern cosmology and astrophysics. We show that a generic type of signals that exist in primordial universe models can be used for such purpose. These signals are induced by tiny oscillations of massive fields and manifest as features in primordial density perturbations. They are capable of recording the time-dependence of the scale factor of the primordial universe, and therefore provide direct evidence for specific paradigm. These signals present special opportunities and challenges for experiments and data analyses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We discuss the Montonen–Olive electric–magnetic duality for the BPS massless monopole clouds in supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory with non-Abelian unbroken gauge symmetries. We argue that these low energy non-Abelian clouds can be identified as the duals of the infrared bremsstrahlung radiation of the non-Abelian massless particles. After we break the supersymmetry to by adding a superpotential, or to by further adding soft breaking terms, these non-Abelian clouds will generally condense and screen the non-Abelian charges of the massive monopole probes. The effective mass of these dual non-Abelian states is likely to persist as we lower the energy to the QCD scale, if all the non-Abelian Higgs particles are massive. This can be regarded as a manifestation of the non-Abelian dual Meissner effect above the QCD scale, and we expect it to continuously connect with the confinement as we lower the supersymmetry breaking scale to the QCD scale. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Primordial features are one of the most important extensions of the Standard Model of cosmology, providing a wealth of information on the primordial Universe, ranging from discrimination between inflation and alternative scenarios, new particle detection, to fine structures in the inflationary potential. We study the prospects of future large-scale structure (LSS) surveys on the detection and constraints of these features. We classify primordial feature models into several classes, and for each class we present a simple template of power spectrum that encodes the essential physics. We study how well the most ambitious LSS surveys proposed to date, including both spectroscopic and photometric surveys, will be able to improve the constraints with respect to the current Planck data. We find that these LSS surveys will significantly improve the experimental sensitivity on features signals that are oscillatory in scales, due to the 3D information. For a broad range of models, these surveys will be able to reduce the errors of the amplitudes of the features by a factor of 5 or more, including several interesting candidates identified in the recent Planck data. Therefore, LSS surveys offer an impressive opportunity for primordial feature discovery in the next decade or two. We also compare the advantages of both types of surveys., Astronomy, Physics

The digital information age has ushered in a new set of rules for media and media users to transform society overtime. This special issue on Chinese electronic media presents an interesting case of that transformation, by contextualizing the interactions between media content, processes, and consumption as well as identifying variables of social constrains in Chinese society. While some of the topics studied are more uniquely Chinese, other topics examined are broadly generalizable to a global setting. Our goal is to foster additional scholarly research to further advance our theoretical under- standing of these socially important topics in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]