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In the title compounds, (2E,2'E)-3,3'-(1,4-phenylene)bis[1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one], C26H22O4 (I), (2E,2'E)-3,3'-(1,4-phenylene)bis[1-(3-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one], C26H22O4 (II) and (2E,2'E)-3,30-(1,4-phenylene)bis[1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one], C28H26O6 (III), the asymmetric unit consists of a half-molecule, completed by crystallographic inversion symmetry. The dihedral angles between the central and terminal benzene rings are 56.98 (8), 7.74 (7) and 7.73 (7)° for (I), (II) and (III), respectively. In the crystal of (I), molecules are linked by pairs of C--H···π interactions into chains running parallel to [101]. The packing for (II) and (III), features inversion dimers linked by pairs of C--H···O hydrogen bonds, forming R2²(16) and R2²(14) ring motifs, respectively, as parts of [201] and [101] chains, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new organic nonlinear optical material 3-(2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one(3-CPDP) has been crystallized from CCl4. 3-CPDP crystallises in triclinic system withP1 space group. The crystal is optically transparent throughout the visible region with an absorption cut-off wavelength at 442 nm and possesses a stable phase before the melting point temperature (154 °C). The 3-CPDP molecule exhibits a minimum nonlinear transmittance at focus for 532 nm laser wavelength. The nonlinear absorption coefficient (β), excited state absorption cross section (σex) and ground state absorption cross section (σg) are estimated and found to be 1.78 cm/GW, 8.59 × 10−18and 1.99 × 10−21 cm2, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Maida flour is highly refined wheat flour. after the wheat is ground in a roller mill (Chakki), the same is filtered through a fine mesh (600 meshes per square inch) to obtain maida. Maida is a lignocellulosic source that can be converted to reducing sugars. The hydrolysis of maida is carried out using (2M) Sulphuric acid and (2M) hydrochloric acid in a hotplate, equipped with a temperature controller, and continuously shaken during the operation. (i) By varying the concentration of 2M acids ranging as below, where time 60 min and temperature 75°C are kept as constant. (ii) By varying the time 30,60,90 min respectively keeping 75°C and concentration at the ratio of 2M acids (15 mL/100 mL) distilled water as constant. It was observed that the degradation has significant effects with respect to the amount of polysaccharide present and in turn the sugar yield is around 40-50% each which is estimated by Bertrand's, Benedict's and Fehling methods respectively. The quantitative values are tabulated and their values are plotted. Beyond the mentioned conditions charring occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are several indicators used in different titration procedures for the determination of acids and bases in solutions. Out of these, a widely preferred method is the rapid volumetric analysis because of its simplicity, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. In the present work, the indicator evaluated is extracted from a food waste category, namely black gram (Vigna mungo) husk of India. The new indicator has been characterized as a mixture of three isomeric forms of quercitin-3-O-pentoside, which is a flavonol, using LC/MS/UV data. The indicator color change is pH dependent, pH < 7 (pale pink), pH > 7 (yellow), and pH 7 (colorless), which imparts a sharp color change at the endpoint. The novelty of the method is that the permutations and combinations of different indicators used for the analyses of strong-weak acids/bases can be avoided by adopting this procedure. The efficiency of the indicator is cross-checked by comparing the titration results with those of standard indicators and conductometry. The importance of this approach is that the indicator functions around the neutral pH thus minimizing the possible errors. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A stock solution of manganese(III) acetate in aqueous acetic acid has been prepared using a standard electrochemical method. The nature of the oxidizing species present in manganese(III) solutions has been characterized by spectrophotometric and redox potential measurements. Kinetics of oxidation of DL-alanine (Ala) by manganese(III) in aqueous acetic acid solution at 313 K have been investigated. The experimental rate law is: rate = k′[Mn(III)]0.5[Ala]0.9 [OAc−]y0.5/[H+]0.5, where each species shows a fractional order. Effects of varying ionic strength, solvent composition, and the added ions such as fluoride, chloride, and perchlorate have been investigated. Activation parameters have been evaluated using Arrhenius and Eyring plots. A mechanism consistent with the observed kinetic data has been proposed and discussed. A suitable rate law has been derived based on the mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A solution of manganese(III) acetate in aqueous acetic acid medium has been prepared by a standard electrochemical method. The nature of the oxidizing species present in manganese(III) solution has been characterized by spectrophotometric and redox potential measurements. Kinetics of oxidation of L-methionine (Met) by manganese(III) in aqueous acetic acid (60%v/v) at 323 K has been studied. The experimental rate law obtained is: rate = [Mn(III)]x [Met]y [OAc-]z /[H+]n, where x, y, z and n represent fractional orders. Effects of varying ionic strength, solvent composition, and added ions such as fluoride, chloride, and perchlorate have been investigated. Activation parameters have been evaluated using Arrhenius and Eyring plots. A mechanism consistent with the observed kinetic data has been proposed and discussed. A rate law has been derived based on the mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultivation of three condiments, Garlic ( Allium sativum), Ginger ( Zinziber officinale) and Turmeric ( Curcuma domestica) was done by distillery spentwash irrigation of three different concentrations. The spentwash treatments, primary treated spentwash (PTSW) diluted to 50% and 33% spentwash, were analyzed for their plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and other physical and chemical parameters. Experimental soil was tested for its chemical and physical parameters. The seeds (sets) of the condiments (Namadhari and Mayhco) were sowed in the prepared land and irrigated with raw water (RW), 50% and 33% spentwash at the dosage of 5mm-10mm/cm2 depending upon the climatic condition. The impact of spentwash on the yields of condiments at their maturity periods was investigated. It was noticed that the yields of all condiments were very high in 33% spentwash compared to 50% spentwash and raw water irrigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]