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Aqui, foi avaliada a eficiência da aplicação de subdoses de gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) e prostaglandina F2alfa (PGF2alfa) no ponto de acupuntura Bai Hui (BH) para sincronização de estro em ovelhas. Trinta ovelhas Santa Inês receberam esponjas intravaginais contendo 60 mg de acetato de medroxiprogesterona por 7 dias. Os animais foram divididos em cinco tratamentos (T) (n=6): T1 (controle), 132,5 ug PGF2 alfa (100% da dose) e 300 UI de eCG (100% da dose), ambos por via intramuscular (IM); T2, 39,75 µg de PGF2 alfa (30% da dose) no ponto de acupuntura BH e 300 UI eCG (100% da dose) IM; T3, 132,5 ug PGF2 alfa (100% da dose) IM e 90 UI eCG (30% da dose) no ponto de acupuntura BH; T4, 39,75 ug PGF2 alfa (30% da dose) e 90 UI eCG (30% da dose), ambos no ponto de acupuntura BH; e T5, 39,75 ug PGF2 alfa (30% da dose) e 90 UI eCG (30% da dose) ambos em em um falso acuponto IM, no mesmo local que em T1). Após 12 horas da retirada da esponja e aplicação do hormônio, as ovelhas foram submetidas ao monitoramento do estro e acasalamento, e avaliação ultrassonográfica do crescimento folicular e tempo de ovulação a cada 12 horas. Os dados foram avaliados quanto à normalidade e submetidos à análise de variância, considerando 5% de probabilidade. Não houve diferenças na porcentagem de animais em estro (93,3 ± 9,1%), intervalo da remoção da esponja ao início do estro (48,1 ± 6,0 h), intervalo da remoção da esponja ao final do estro (69,6 ± 5,4 h), duração do estro (24,0 ± 4,7 h), intervalo da remoção da esponja à ovulação (73,7 ± 5,9 h), intervalo do início do estro à ovulação (26,5 ± 2,3 h), tamanho do maior folículo (6,7 ± 0,4 mm), taxa de crescimento folicular (0,8 ± 0,1 mm•dia-1), número de ovulações (1,3 ± 0,1) e níveis de progesterona plasmática 7 dias após a ovulação (9,6 ± 2,0 ng mL-1). O custo do protocolo de sincronização por animal foi de US $ 4,37, 4,12, 2,96, 2,71 e 2,71 para T1, T2, T3, T4 e T5, respectivamente, com redução de custo de 37,99% usando PGF2 alfa e eCG a 30% das doses convencionais. Portanto, a aplicação de PGF2alfa (39,75 ug) e eCG reduzida Doses (90 UI) no BH ou falso ponto de acupuntura sincronizaram efetivamente o estro e reduziram o custo do protocolo em ovelhas, indicando que as doses convencionais estão superestimadas.

Avaliou-se a eficiência da aplicação de subdose gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) utulizando como via de administração o acuponto Hou Hai em protocolos de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) para vacas de corte. Setenta vacas receberam no dia zero (D0) do protocolo dispositivos intravaginais com progesterona, e 3mg de benzoato de estradiol. No D9 foram retirados os dispositivos, aplicado 150µg de prostaglandina F2? e distribuídos os animais aleatoriamente em três tratamentos: T1 (n=23) - 300UI de eCG por via intra muscular (IM); T2 (n=23) - 90UI de eCG no acuponto Hou Hai e T3 (n=25) - 90UI de eCG em falso acuponto, IM. No D10 os animais receberam 1mg de GnRH por via IM e foi realizada a IATF, 52 horas após a retirada dos dispositivos. Para as variáveis quantitativas com distribuição normal foi utilizada ANOVA, a 5% de probabilidade. Para as variáveis que não apresentaram distribuição normal, utilizou-se o teste de Kruskal-Wallis, a 5% de probabilidade. Não houve diferença (P >0,05) para o intervalo entre a retirada do dispositivo à ovulação (58,2 ± 12,2h), diâmetro do maior folículo no D9 (9,9 ± 2,2mm), diâmetros do folículo ovulatório (12,2 ± 3,0mm) e do segundo maior folículo (6,7 ± 2,1mm), taxa de crescimento folicular (0,8 ± 0,3mm/d), taxa de ovulação (82%), área de corpo lúteo (2,32 ± 0,35 cm2) e taxa de prenhez (58,67%). O custo do protocolo por animal foi de US$ 10,67 (T1) e US$ 8,50 (T2 e T3). Sugere-se que a utilização de 90UI de eCG aplicada no acuponto Hou Hai ou em falso acuponto foram satisfatórios na sincronização de estro de vacas de corte. Além disso, possibilita a redução do custo do protocolo.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of delivering reduced doses of hormones via the Bai Hui acupoint in estrus synchronization in goats. A total of 40 goats received intravaginal sponges with medroxyprogesterone acetate for 7 days. The goats were then randomly distributed into 5 treatment: T1 - application of 132.5 ?g of cloprostenol and 300 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), both by intramuscular injection (IM); T2 - application of 39.75 ?g cloprostenol at the Bai Hui acupoint, and 300 IU of eCG by IM; T3 - application of 132.5 ?g of cloprostenol by IM, and 90 IU of eCG at the Bai Hui acupoint; T4 - application of 39.75?g of cloprostenol and 90 UI of eCG, both in Bai Hui and T5 acupuncture: application of 39.75?g of cloprostenol and 90 UI of eCG, both applied in false acupoint. The goats were subjected to an estrus synchronization protocol and monitored for estrus detection, coverage and evaluation of reproductive parameters to detect entry into estrus. The data were subjected to normality tests, followed by appropriate statistical analyses of each variable. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the percentage of animals in estrus (95.00 ± 11.18%), interval between sponge removal and beginning of estrus (49.72 ± 8.93 h), interval between sponge removal and end of estrus (76.84 ± 11.98 h), duration of estrus (27.08 ± 8.68 h), size of the largest follicle (6.82 ± 0.44 mm), interval between sponge removal and ovulation (78.28 ± 10.82 h), time from ovarian onset to estrus (28.52 ± 5.44 h), follicular growth rate (0.86 ± 0.29 mm/day), number of ovulations (1.32 ± 0.23), plasma progesterone concentration at 7 days after ovulation (10.28 ± 1.65 ng.mL-1), and gestation rate at 30 days after the beginning of estrus (75 ± 12.5%). However, the cost of the synchronization protocol per animal was 43.42% lower in treatments 4 and 5 (30% of the doses) than in treatment 1 (100% of the dose). Ovulation and estrus were efficiently synchronized with the use of 39.75 ?g of sodium cloprostenol and 90 UI of eCG, applied at the Bai Hui acupoint or at a false acupoint.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of continuous density gradients of Percoll and OptiPrep for separation of X-bearing sperm, and assess the influence on sperm viability, pregnancy rate and sex ratio. With this purpose 100 million spermatozoa were deposited into each tube containing density gradient, which were previously prepared in polystyrene tubes, 24 hours before centrifugation and stored at 4 °C. The tubes were centrifuged at 500xg for 15 minutes at 22 °C, and then the supernatants aspirated and sperm recovered from the bottom of the tubes. A sample was evaluated before and after centrifugation to verify motility and sperm vigor. The sperm were used for fixed time artificial insemination. The results indicated that centrifugation did not affect sperm viability and pregnancy rate, however there was no deviation of sex ratio for females. More studies are needed of adapting the centrifugation technique to sheep and thus obtain the deviation of sex ration as in bovine

The present study describes a technique to obtain consecutiveluteal samples by colpotomy. The animals received an epidural anesthesia and local anesthesia (vaginal vault) and after ten minutes the vaginal vault was incised with a scalpel blade and tissue was dissected to provide access to the pelvic cavity and to retract the ovary into the vagina. Then, a luteal biopsy was performed with a Yomann biopsy nipper. Signs indicative of pain and stress during the vaginal vault incision, traction of ovary or luteal biopsy were observed only in two collections. However, these signs were observed in ten collections during dissection of the vaginal wall and peritoneum. The occurrence of ataxia was observed in 26 collections and it was usually related to a longer duration of the procedure. Ataxia could be divided in light (15/26), moderate (6/26) and severe (5/26). The occurrence of ovarian adhesions ipsilateral to the incision was evaluated only in the initial four collections. Adhesions were present in 16 collections. The protocol described above provided a safe and efficient method to acquire luteal samples. The low incidence of adhesions allows the consecutive use of females without any interference in subsequent ovulations and collections.