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Barodontalgia is not a pathology but a symptom of a subclinical oral problem that, although rare, may affect patients subjected to atmospheric pressure changes and have an influence on flights. This paper aims to discuss the clinical characteristics of pathologies related to the etiology of barodontalgia, as well as differential diagnoses, treatments, and prevention. This paper reports a case of a Brazilian air force officer who went to the Santos Dumont Air Force Dental Clinic reporting pain in the anterior maxillary during a flight. An endodontic treatment followed by periradicular surgery was performed, in order to quickly seal the bone lesion and to avoid new cases of barodontalgia. This work demonstrated a successful approach of a periradicular lesion solved by surgical treatment in order to avoid new cases of barodontalgia during flights. In addition, this paper highlights the importance of deepening knowledge on this event and the need for periodic oral and dental assessment, as well as conclusive treatment in aircrew members in order to prevent aircraft accidents.

The search for new instruments to promote an appropriate cervical preparation has led to the development of new rotary instruments such as TripleGates. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no study evaluating TripleGates effect on the “risk zone” of mandibular molars. Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a crown-down sequence of Gates-Glidden and TripleGates burs on the remaining cervical dentin thickness and the total amount of dentin removed from the root canals during the instrumentation by using cone beam computed tomography. The number of separated instruments was also evaluated. Material and Methods : Mesial roots of 40 mandibular first molars were divided into 2 equal groups: crown-down sequence of Gates-Glidden (#3, #2, #1) and TripleGates burs. Cervical dentin thickness and canal area were measured before and after instrumentation by using cone beam computed tomography and image analysis software. Student’s t-test was used to determine significant differences at p0.05) were observed between the instruments, regarding the root canal area and dentin wall thickness. Conclusion : Both tested instruments used for cervical preparation were safe to be used in the mesial root canal of mandibular molars.

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of 2% chlorhexidine gel associated with 8% papain gel in comparison with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in bovine pulp tissue dissolution. Materials and Methods Ninety bovine pulps of standardized sizes were used and fragmented into 5-mm sizes. The fragments were removed from the root middle third region. They were divided into 6 experimental groups (n = 15), 1) 8% papain; 2) 2% chlorhexidine; 3) 2% chlorhexidine associated with 8% papain; 4) 0.9% saline solution; 5) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; and 6) 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. The pulp fragments were weighed and put into immobile test tubes for dissolution for time intervals of 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. Results The 5.25% sodium hypochlorite had greater dissolution potential than the pure papain, and when associated with chlorhexidine, both promoted greater dissolution than did the saline solution and 2% chlorhexidine groups (p < 0.05). The 2.5% sodium hypochlorite promoted dissolution to a lesser extent than the groups with papain within a period of 30 min (p < 0.05), but, was comparable to the saline solution and chlorhexidine. After 120 min, the 2.5% and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite promoted dissolution of 100% of the pulp fragments, and papain, 61%, while chlorhexidine associated with papain and chlorhexidine alone dissolved only 55% and 3%, respectively. Conclusions The 8% papain in gel, both alone and in association with chlorhexidine, was able to dissolve bovine pulp tissue, but to a lesser extent than did 5.25% sodium hypochlorite.

Furcal perforations are significant iatrogenic complications of endodontic treatment and could lead to endodontic failure. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been regarded as an ideal material for perforation repair, retrograde filling, pulp capping, and apexification. This case report describes a furcal perforation in a maxillary first molar, which was repaired using MTA. The tooth was endodontically treated and coronally restored with resin composite. After 2 years, the absence of periradicular radiolucent lesions, pain, and swelling along with functional tooth stability indicated a successful outcome of sealing the perforation using MTA.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the apical and coronal sealing of endodontic fillings promoted by the associations of Sealer 26/Gutta-percha, Endofill/Gutta-percha and Resilon/ Epiphany. Materials and Methods: It was used 38 human canines, 10 teeth for each test group and 4 teeth for each control group. After teeth conventional endodontic treatment, they were immersed in saline solution for thirty days, sealed and stored in India ink for seven days. Then were submitted to a clearing technique and evaluated for infiltration by stereoscopic microscope. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. Results: The results showed no significant differences (p> 0.05) between the three groups of filling materials used. Conclusion: Considering the limitations of this in vitro study, it seems that no material showed superiority related to the ability of apical and coronary sealing.