1. Penicillin Derivatives Inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Reaction with Its Nucleophilic Cysteine
- Author
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Malla, TR, Brewitz, L, Muntean, D-G, Aslam, H, Owen, CD, Salah, E, Tumber, A, Lukacik, P, Strain-Damerell, C, Mikolajek, H, Walsh, MA, and Schofield, CJ
- Subjects
Cysteine Endopeptidases ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Molecular Medicine ,Protease Inhibitors ,Cysteine ,Penicillins ,beta-Lactams ,Antiviral Agents ,Coronavirus 3C Proteases ,COVID-19 Drug Treatment - Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is a medicinal chemistry target for COVID-19 treatment. Given the clinical efficacy of β-lactams as inhibitors of bacterial nucleophilic enzymes, they are of interest as inhibitors of viral nucleophilic serine and cysteine proteases. We describe the synthesis of penicillin derivatives which are potent Mproinhibitors and investigate their mechanism of inhibition using mass spectrometric and crystallographic analyses. The results suggest that β-lactams have considerable potential as Mproinhibitors via a mechanism involving reaction with the nucleophilic cysteine to form a stable acyl–enzyme complex as shown by crystallographic analysis. The results highlight the potential for inhibition of viral proteases employing nucleophilic catalysis by β-lactams and related acylating agents.
- Published
- 2022
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