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Introduction. Urethral strictures in boys denote narrowing of the urethra which can be congenital or acquired. In case of acquired strictures, the etiology is iatrogenic or traumatic and rarely infectious or inflammatory. The aim of this study was to highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties of acquired nontraumatic urethral strictures in boys in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methodology. The authors report five cases of nontraumatic urethral strictures managed at the Pediatric Surgery Department of the YGOPH over a two-year period (November 2012–November 2014). In order to confirm the diagnosis of urethral stricture, all patients were assessed with both cystourethrography and urethrocystoscopy. Results. In all the cases the urethra was inflammatory with either a single or multiple strictures. The surgical management included internal urethrotomy (n=1), urethral dilatation (n=1), vesicostomy (n=2), and urethral catheterization (n=3). With a median follow-up of 8.2 months (4–16 months) all patients remained symptoms-free. Conclusion. The authors report the difficulties encountered in the diagnosis and management of nontraumatic urethral strictures in boys at a tertiary hospital in Yaoundé, Cameroon. The existence of an inflammatory etiology of urethral strictures in boys deserves to be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Patent processus vaginalis (PPV) might be incidentally diagnosed during laparoscopy. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and the natural history of PPV, i.e. its possible development into symptomatic inguinal hernia. Patients and methods Inclusion criteria: children < 16 years undergoing laparoscopy for pathologies other than processus vaginalis (PV) related, from 10/2000–10/2005. Exclusion criteria: past or present history of PV-related pathologies. The internal inguinal rings were documented during laparoscopy. Follow-up was provided by phone inquiry and clinical examination if needed. Median follow-up was 10.5 years (range 7.1–12.8). Results 416 patients were included. Median age at laparoscopy was 12.4 years (range 3 days–18.1 years). Forty-three PPV (33 unilateral, 5 bilateral) were found in 38 patients (9.1%). Four children with PPV presented later with an ipsilateral inguinal hernia (10.5%, 95%CI [3%; 25%]), at a median age of 16.0 years (range 11.8–17.3), at a median of 22.5 months (range 12–50) after initial laparoscopy, as compared to no patient in the population with obliterated PV (0%, 95%CI [0%; 1%]). Conclusion 9.1% of the observed pediatric population showed an asymptomatic PPV, and 10.5% of these children later developed an inguinal hernia. None of the children with obliterated PV developed a hernia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isolated fallopian tube torsion (IFTT) is a rare surgical emergency without pathognomonic clinical findings. We report a case of a 15-year-old girl who presented acute severe pain, a tenderness and a palpable mass in the left upper abdominal quadrant in a context of known ovarian cyst. An ultrasound described an ovarian cyst with uncertain vascularization. An urgent laparoscopy showed us a normal left ovary and revealed a very unusual combination of isolated fallopian tube torsion, with a big fallopian cyst and an elongated tube folded over the mesosigmoid. We performed a cystectomy without salpingectomy. This case reminds that paraadnexal and adnexal cysts can be found outside the pelvic area especially in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]