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The aim of this paper is to achieve the highest compressive strength of glass reinforced epoxy pipe with the geopolymer filler content of weight percentage that were used in glass reinforced epoxy pipe. The samples were prepared by using the filament winding method. The effect of weight percentage of geopolymer materials in epoxy hardener was studied under mechanical testing, which is using the compression test. A series of glass reinforced epoxy pipe and glass reinforced epoxy pipe filled with 10 – 40 weight percentage geopolymer filler which is white clay were prepared. The compression strength of the glass reinforced epoxy pipe filled geopolymer materials is determined using Instron Universal Testing under compression mode. It was found that compressive strength for samples with white clay geopolymer filler are much higher compare to glass reinforced epoxy pipe without geopolymer filler. Moreover, the compressive strength of glass reinforced epoxy pipe filled with white clay geopolymer filler was increased from 10 wt% to 30 wt% of geopolymer content. However, the compressive strength of glass reinforced epoxy pipe with white clay geopolymer filler suddenly decreased when added to 40 wt%. The results indicated that the blending of geopolymer materials in epoxy system can be obtained in this study.

Geopolymer coatings were coated on glass fibre-reinforced epoxy (GRE) pipe by using kaolin, white clay and silica sand as source materials and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) as alkaline solution. The microstructure and mechanical property of geopolymer coating on GRE pipe were methodically investigated through morphology analysis, and flexural strength test. The result indicates the microstructure and interfacial layer between geopolymer coating and GRE pipe significantly influence the mechanical property of geopolymer coating. However, different source materials gave different microstructure and property in geopolymer coating.

Inorganic alumino-silicates polymers, known as geopolymers, result from the reaction of mineral clays or other source materials rich in silica and alumina with alkali silicate solution at 40-80 °C. Pure geopolymers, exhibits relatively low mechanical properties, which limit their usage in structural applications. Thus, this restriction could be overcome through the formation of ceramic geopolymers and the addition of fillers to improve their strength and toughness. This paper summarizes important research findings on the current knowledge of geopolymer ceramic, the addition of fine filler materials, and outlines potential effects using thermoplastic fillers on the physical and mechanical properties of clay-based geopolymer ceramic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geopolymerisation also known as alkali activation of aluminosilicate occurs when mineral sources with high Al and Si content such as kaolin, blast furnace slag or fly ash are exposed to high alkaline environments, thus producing two to three dimensional Si-O-Al structure which exhibits both zeolitic and ceramic properties which is not typically present in traditional cement materials such as ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Kaolin based geopolymers, inorganic polymers that are also alumino-silicate materials with impressive mechanical properties such as excellent coating materialfor fire resistant, poor electric conductor, chemically unreactive over a wide range of pH, non-abrasive, low energy consumption, poor permeability and emits less CO2 which makes earth a better place. This paper is to review the progress made in kaolin based geopolymers that are currently in growing demand of researchers to replace existing ecounfriendly materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study concerns the preparation and characterization of marmoreal solid surface materials based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) nanocomposites filled with waste stones of marble, granite and basalt. Hydrophilic nanosilica and clay Halloysite nanotubules (HNTs) were the two types of nanofillers used to prepare PMMA/stone waste nanocomposites. The effect of nanofiller type and stone nature was investigated by Rockwell hardness, flexural strength, impact toughness, abrasion loss, water absorption and luminous transmittance measurements. The prepared artificial stone samples have an eye-catching decorative effect of alabaster when lighted from rear using a low energy light source. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Highlights: [•] Wood plastic composite (WPC) materials produced from palm leave and plastic wastes. [•] The mechanical and physical properties proved an acceptable final and promising WPC product. [•] The rate of linear burning was highest for natural wood and MDF, than WPC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper presents the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of a lightweight aggregate geopolymer concrete (LWAGC) synthesized by the alkali-activation of a fly ash source (FA) before and after being exposed to elevated temperatures, ranging from 100 to 800 °C. The results show that the LWAGC unexposed to the elevated temperatures possesses a good strength-to-weight ratio compared with other LWAGCs available in the published literature. The unexposed LWAGC also shows an excellent strength development versus aging times, up to 365 days. For the exposed LWAGC to the elevated temperatures of 100 to 800 °C, the results illustrate that the concretes gain compressive strength after being exposed to elevated temperatures of 100, 200 and 300 °C. Afterward, the strength of the LWAGC started to deteriorate and decrease after being exposed to elevated temperatures of 400 °C, and up to 800 °C. Based on the mechanical strength results of the exposed LWAGCs to elevated temperatures of 100 °C to 800 °C, the relationship between the exposure temperature and the obtained residual compressive strength is statistically analyzed and achieved. In addition, the microstructure investigation of the unexposed LWAGC shows a good bonding between aggregate and mortar at the interface transition zone (ITZ). However, this bonding is subjected to deterioration as the LWAGC is exposed to elevated temperatures of 400, 600 and 800 °C by increasing the microcrack content and swelling of the unreacted silicates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]