Search

Background: Apoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) and Apoprotein B (ApoB) have emerged as novel cardiovascular risk biomarkers influenced by feeding behavior. Hypothalamic appetite peptides regulate feeding behavior and impact lipoprotein levels, which effects vary in different weight states. This study explores the intricate relationship between body mass index (BMI), hypothalamic appetite peptides, and apolipoproteins with emphasis on the moderating role of body weight in the association between neuropeptide Y (NPY), ghrelin, orexin A (OXA), oxytocin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral ApoA-I and ApoB. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included participants with a mean age of 31.77 ± 10.25 years, categorized into a normal weight (NW) (n = 73) and an overweight/obese (OW/OB) (n = 117) group based on BMI. NPY, ghrelin, OXA, and oxytocin levels in CSF were measured. Results: In the NW group, peripheral ApoA-I levels were higher, while ApoB levels were lower than in the OW/OB group (all p < 0.05). CSF NPY exhibited a positive correlation with peripheral ApoA-I in the NW group (r = 0.39, p = 0.001). Notably, participants with higher CSF NPY levels had higher peripheral ApoA-I levels in the NW group and lower peripheral ApoA-I levels in the OW/OB group, showing the significant moderating effect of BMI on this association (R2 = 0.144, β=-0.54, p < 0.001). The correlation between ghrelin, OXA and oxytocin in CSF and peripheral ApoB in both groups exhibited opposing trends (Ghrelin: r = -0.03 and r = 0.04; OXA: r = 0.23 and r=-0.01; Oxytocin: r=-0.09 and r = 0.04). Conclusion: This study provides hitherto undocumented evidence that BMI moderates the relationship between CSF NPY and peripheral ApoA-I levels. It also reveals the protective role of NPY in the NW population, contrasting with its risk factor role in the OW/OB population, which was associated with the at-risk for cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The main aim of this study was to investigate the differences in maternal serum thiol/disulfide homeostasis among women with abortion imminens (AI), missed abortion (MA), and healthy pregnancies during the first trimester. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective case-control study. This study was conducted on pregnant women who visited the Obstetrics Clinic at University of Health Sciences Turkey, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Gynecology Training and Research Hospital and were diagnosed with either AI or MA during the 6th to 14th weeks of pregnancy. The participants had a normal pregnancy follow-up, no chronic illnesses, and did not take any multivitamin or antioxidant supplements except for folic acid. The study incorporated 33 pregnant women with AI, 36 with MA, and 40 with normal pregnancies. Age, and body mass index were matched across the three groups. This study used a recently developed automated spectrophotometric technique to quantify thiol/disulfide concentrations. Results: The AI group had considerably elevated levels of total thiol and native thiol (SH) compared with the MA group. Nevertheless, there was no notable disparity observed between the group of healthy pregnancies and the other two groups. Serum disulfide (SS) levels did not exhibit any significant variations among the three groups. Similarly, the ratios of SS/SH, SS/total thiol, and SH/total thiol did not show any significant differences between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Patients with MA had decreased levels of total thiol and SH, which possess antioxidant capabilities, compared to the AI group. A decrease in antioxidant levels in the body may contribute to the etiology of MA. When considering our findings alongside existing literature, it remains inconclusive whether the serum thiol-disulfide ratio can predict a healthy pregnancy or MA following AI. Therefore, it is not yet seen as a promising diagnostic tool for assessing pregnancy viability. Additional investigation is required to establish the influence of dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis on early pregnancy loss. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, ilk trimester abortus imminens (AI), düşük ve sağlıklı gebeliği olan kadınlarda anne serumu tiyol/disülfit dengesindeki farklılıkları incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Kadın Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Kadın Doğum Kliniği'ne başvuran, 6 ile 14. haftalar arasında AI veya düşük tanısı almış, normal gebelik süreci geçiren, kronik hastalığı bulunmayan ve folik asit dışında herhangi bir multivitamin veya antioksidan takviyesi kullanmayan hamile kadınları içeren prospektif bir çalışmadır. Çalışma, 33 AI, 36 düşük tanısı konmuş ve 40 normal gebelik olgusunu kapsamaktadır. Katılımcıların yaş, ve vücut kitle indeksi her üç grup arasında eşitlenmiştir. Tiyol/disülfit seviyeleri, yeni geliştirilmiş bir otomatik spektrofotometrik yöntemle ölçülmüştür. Bulgular: AI grubunda, düşük grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olan toplam tiyol ve doğal tiyol (SH) seviyeleri saptanmıştır. Ancak, sağlıklı gebelik gösteren grup ile diğer iki grup arasında belirgin bir fark bulunmamıştır. Serum disülfit (SS) düzeyleri üç grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemiştir. Ayrıca, SS/SH, SS/toplam tiyol ve SH/toplam tiyol oranları gruplar arasında önemli bir fark göstermemiştir (p>0,05). Sonuç: Düşük olgularında AI grubuna kıyasla düşük toplam tiyol ve SH seviyeleri gözlemlenmiştir; her ikisi de antioksidan özelliklere sahiptir. Vücuttaki antioksidan seviyelerindeki azalma, düşüğün etiyolojisine katkıda bulunabilir. Bulgularımızı mevcut literatürle birleştirdiğimizde, serum tiyol-disülfit oranının AI sonrasında sağlıklı bir gebeliği ya da düşüğü öngörüp öngöremeyeceği konusunda kesin bir sonuca varılamamıştır. Dolayısıyla, gebeliğin sağlıklı ilerleyip ilerlemeyeceğini değerlendirmede umut verici bir tanı aracı olarak görülmemektedir. Erken gebelik kaybında dinamik tiyol/disülfit homeostazının etkisini göstermek için ek araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purification is an important step in the production of viral vaccines that strongly affects product recovery and subsequent immune responses. The present study was carried out with the aim of improving the purification of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) by the tangential flow filtration (TFF) method. Then, the effect of the purified virus on the induction of immune responses against IBDV in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens was investigated. The IBD07IR strain was propagated in embryonated SPF eggs. The virus was purified using a 100 kDa cassette. The quality of the recovered viruses was evaluated by titration. A total number of 60 SPF chickens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20) and received the concentrated viral antigen, commercial live IBDV vaccine and phosphate-buffered saline at the age of 3 weeks by eye drop method. The bursa of Fabricius was examined histopathologically for possible changes. Sera were collected at 1-week intervals from day 0 until the end of 6 weeks after vaccination. The IBDV-specific antibody levels, induction of cell-mediated immunity and mRNA expression levels of cytokines were evaluated. The results showed that despite a relative raise in virus titer from 7.66 to 8.17 embryo infectious dose (EID)50 mL-1 following purification, both the purified IBDV and commercial vaccine are able to induce strong immune responses against the virus. Within a context of egg-based IBDV vaccine production, a single-step TFF can be applied for the relatively purification. This platform requires a further study in the selection of multiple membranes to optimize the operating conditions and final product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify and quantify the sediment sources in the South Sea of Korea, a marginal sea of the northwestern Pacific, we analyzed a comprehensive aluminum–magnesium dataset comprising 121 surface sediment samples and two sediment cores. The findings demonstrate pronounced spatial variation in sediment sources, with Korean river sediments dominating in embayment bays and Chinese river sediments prevailing in the shelf area. In the coastal zone, Korean river sediments account for over 60–70%, but their proportion decreased to 10–20% in the shelf zone. This reveals that most of the sediments from Korean rivers are mainly confined to the coastal embayments, with limited transport to the shelf area. Notably, the central South Sea mud (CSSM) deposits are primarily govern by the sediment influx from Chinese rivers (CR), rather than the Seomjin River discharge. The prevalence of CR-sourced sediments in the shelf region is closely linked to the Tsushima Warm Current and Cheju Warm Current, transporting sediments from the East China Sea shelf northwards and the southwestern Korean coastal zone eastwards, respectively. This driving mechanism for the widespread deposition of CR sediments is further supported by an abrupt shift from KR to CR dominance in sediment sources around 8 kyr BP, coinciding with the establishment of the modern current systems in the northwestern Pacific marginal seas. Our study provides a new perspective on the source-to-sink pathways, particularly of Chinese river sediments, in the formation of the Korean coastal mud deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two monomers, a second-order nonlinear optical azo chromophore C containing a tricyanofuran electron acceptor and a dihydroxyethyl nitrogen electron donor, and a bisphenol AF-type diether dianhydride (BPAFDA), were designed and synthesized. Fluorinated polyurethaneimide (PUI) electro-optic (EO) waveguide materials were prepared using the synthesized monomers polymerized with 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). The structures of the synthesized chromophore C, BPAFDA, and polymers of PUI were characterized by 1HNMR and FTIR, and the thermal properties of the polymers were characterized by DSC and TGA. The prepared PUI exhibited good film-forming properties with glass transition temperatures (Tg) between 160–169°C and over 300°C at 5% thermal weight loss in a nitrogen atmosphere. The experimental results showed that the fluorinated PUIs possessed an EO coefficient of 56–60 p.m./V at 1550 nm and the optical propagation loss of the polymer waveguide was between 1.3–1.4 dB/cm at 1550 nm. Using PUI as the core material of the waveguides, EO modulators with Mach-Zehnder (MZ) structure were designed and prepared, showing good EO modulation performance at 1550 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases CYP120As are the unique non-membrane P450s, which are extensively involved in retinoid biodegradation. As the O-functionalized 1,3,3-trimethylcyclohex-1-ene moiety exists in many bioactive compounds which could only be catalyzed by Class II P450s, exploration of the catalytic repertoire of CYP120As is therefore highly attractive. However, up to date, only one bacteriogenic candidate (CYP120A1) was demonstrated for the hydroxylation of C16 and C17 of retinoic acid, by utilizing the integral membrane protein cytochrome P450 reductase redox partner for the electron transfer. Herein, we provided an efficient prokaryotic functional expression system of CYP120As in E. coli by expression of the CYP120A1 coupled with several reductase partners. Fusion redox partners to the C-terminal of the heme-domain are also working on other CYP120A members. Among them, the fusion protein of CYP120A29 and FAD/FMN reductase from Bacillus megaterium P450BM3 (CYP101A2) showed the highest expression level. Based on the available translational fusion systems, the regioselectivity and the substrate scope of the CYP120As have also been explored. This work represents a good starting point for further expanding the catalytic potential of CYP120 family. Key Points: • Characterization of CYP120As in E. coli is firstly achieved by constructing fusion proteins. • The feasibility of three P450 reductase domains to CYP120As was evaluated. • Hydroxylated products of retinoic acid by six CYP120As were sorted and analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biotechnology Bulletin is the property of Biotechnology Bulletin Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims: Natural stable isotope compositions of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) can reveal biogeochemical mechanisms that control ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) processes. However, little is known about the latitudinal patterns and controlling mechanisms for soil δ13C and δ15N in coastal wetlands based on a large spatial scale. Methods: A total of 76 sites of coastal wetlands were sampled along a 5000 km transect across temperate-subtropical-tropical zones to explore biological and environmental controls on soil stable C and N isotopic compositions. Results: The results showed that soil δ13C (ranging from -27.5‰ to -18.3‰) and δ15N (from 2.66‰ to 9.97‰) varied over a broad geographic scale. The C4-plant (Spartina alterniflora) dominated sites have 2–6‰ higher δ13C values than those of other vegetation types, while mangrove soils have lower δ13C values compared to those of marshes; and soils with vegetated C4-plants and mangroves have 1–3‰ higher δ15N values relative to native grass marshes. There were no significant relationships between mean annual temperature (MAT) or precipitation (MAP) and δ13C, but positive correlations between MAT and δ15N, as well as MAP and δ15N. Conclusions: Vegetation composition and plant C inputs directly control the spatial variability of δ13C patterns. Simultaneously, climate and edaphic variables (e.g., soil water content, pH, and C availability) are the predominant factors influencing δ15N patterns. These findings provide new insights into soil organic matter turnover and response to climate and environmental changes and improve the prediction of C stability and burial in coastal wetlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesis of buckybowls have stayed highly challenging due to the large structural strain caused by curved π surface. In this paper, we report the synthesis and properties of two trichalcogenasupersumanenes which three chalcogen (sulfur or selenium) atoms and three methylene groups bridge at the bay regions of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene. These trichalcogenasupersumanenes are synthesized quickly in three steps using an Aldol cyclotrimerization, a Scholl oxidative cyclization, and a Stille type reaction. X-ray crystallography analysis reveals that they encompass bowl diameters of 11.06 Å and 11.35 Å and bowl depths of 2.29 Å and 2.16 Å for the trithiasupersumanene and triselenosupersumanene, respectively. Furthermore, trithiasupersumanene derivative with methyl chains can form host-guest complexes with C60 or C70, which are driven by concave-convex π ⋯ π interactions and multiple C–H ⋯ π interactions between bowl and fullerenes. Synthesis of buckybowls has remained challenging due to the inherent high strain induced by the curvature. Herein, the authors report the synthesis of two bowl-shaped polycyclic aromatics with three chalcogen atoms and three methylene groups embedded at the bay regions of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene and demonstrate guest host complexation with trithiasupersumanene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of green and low-carbon circular (GLC) development economic system is conducive to the promotion of "carbon peaking and carbon neutral." The level of GLC development in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region is related to the realization of the ambitious goal of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" in the region. This paper use principal component analysis (PCA) to process GLC development level of 41 cities in the YRD from 2008 to 2020. Then, we constructed panel Tobit model and threshold model from the perspective of industrial co-agglomeration and Internet utilization and empirically tested the influence of the two key variables on GLC development of the YRD. We found that (1) the YRD's level of GLC development showed a dynamic evolution trend of "fluctuation, convergence, and rise." The four provincial-level administrative regions of the YRD are in the order of GLC development level: Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Anhui. (2) There is an inverted "U" Kuznets curve (KC) between industrial co-agglomeration and the development of GLC of the YRD. In the left segment of KC, the industrial co-agglomeration promotes GLC development of the YRD. In the right segment of KC, the industrial co-agglomeration inhibits GLC development of the YRD. Internet utilization enhances GLC development of the YRD. And the interaction of industrial co-agglomeration and Internet utilization cannot significantly enhance GLC development. (3) Double-threshold effect of opening-up is manifested as follows: industrial co-agglomeration on GLC development of the YRD goes through an insignificant-inhibited-improved evolutionary trajectory. Single-threshold effect of government intervention is manifested as follows: the impact of Internet utilization on GLC development of the YRD shifts from insignificant role to significant enhancement. In addition, there is an inverted-N type KC effect between industrialization and GLC development. Based on the above findings, we proposed suggestions in terms of industrial co-agglomeration, Internet-like digital technology application, anti-monopoly, and rational industrialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its cognate receptor PAC1R play key roles in energy balance. Central neuropeptide systems like PACAP are critical to the neuroendocrine system that regulates energy homeostasis in regions of the hypothalamus. A thorough investigation into central PACAP's influence on energy balance presents an opportunity to reveal putative causes of energy imbalance that could lead to obesity. In this review, we provide a brief overview of preclinical studies that have examined hypothalamic PACAP's influence on feeding behavior and metabolic regulation. Notably, due to the complexity and pleiotropic nature of the PACAP system, we highlight the need for a nuanced examination of PACAP signaling that utilizes a complex intersection of signaling circuitry in energy regulation that could ultimately offer insights to future therapeutic targets relevant for treating obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sediment Cu is significant for oceanic eco-environment and seafood quality. The sources and influencing factors of sediment Cu in the island area differ from those in other areas since the island is far away from the mainland. But there is no detailed information about sediment Cu characteristics and influencing factors in this specific area. The northern four-island area of Penglai District, Yantai City, China, was selected, and sediments were sampled. The sediments have a low Cu background (5.94–22.17 µg/g, an average of 12.19 µg/g) because of the far distance from the mainland. But more Cu accumulates in sediment near the islands, indicating the effect of islanders' daily activities on sediment Cu levels. Sediment Cu levels are significantly correlated with grain sizes and the organic matter (OM) in sediment and are not with pH, Fe, Mn, redox, and total sulfur levels. The normalization of sediment Cu with Ni, Sc, and the calculation of enrichment factors (EF) confirm the sediment Cu mainly derives from natural or internal sources. The prevailing culture activity near the northern four-islands slows ocean current velocity, causing finer fractions and higher sediment Cu levels. The sediment OM near the island is slightly higher than further away as a consequence of the local inhabitants' activities. Sediment TOC/TN implies sediment OM originates from the terrestrial regions. So, the imported OM by the local inhabitant' activity is another factor for the higher sediment Cu levels near the northern four-island area. Sediment grain size does a more significant effect on sediment Cu near the island area than sediment OM. An enrichment model of sediment Cu levels in faraway island area is forwarded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BAI1‐associated protein 2‐like 1 (BAIAP2L1), also known as insulin receptor tyrosine kinase substrate, modulates the insulin network; however, its function in breast cancer has not been explored. Immunohistochemical analysis of 140 breast cancer specimens (77 triple‐negative and 63 nontriple‐negative cases) indicated that BAIAP2L1 expression was higher in breast cancer tissues (56/140, 40%) than in normal breast tissues (28.3%, 15/53; p < 0.001). BAIAP2L1 expression in breast cancer was correlated with triple‐negative breast cancer (p = 0.0013), advanced TNM stage (p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.001), and poor patient prognosis (p = 0.001). BAIAP2L1 overexpression could accelerate breast cancer proliferation, invasion, and stemness in vivo and in vitro, possibly through the activation of AKT, Snail, and cyclin D1. Treatment with the AKT inhibitor LY294002 reduced the effects of BAIAP2L1 overexpression on breast cancer cells. BAIAP2L1 may bind to the AA202‐288 of ribosomal protein L3 (RPL3) within its SRC homology 3 (SH3) domain, the loss of which may abolish the transduction of the AKT signaling pathway by promoting the degradation of PIK3CA. Moreover, BAIAP2L1 overexpression may induce chemotherapy resistance, with BAIAP2L1 expression being higher in patients with advanced Miller grades than those with lower grades. Our results indicated that BAIAP2L1 promotes breast cancer progression through the AKT signaling pathway by interacting with RPL3 through its SH3 domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To construct and rescue a recombinant Newcastle disease virus that can express IP10 protein and evaluate its targeted killing effect on liver cancer in vivo and in vitro. Materials & methods: Fluorescence quantitative PCR, western blot and ELISA were used to detect the expression and secretion of IP10 in cells. The H22 mouse liver cancer cells were used to establish subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice experimental animal tumor models, and the tumor growth of mice in each group was observed while receiving treatment with rLasota. Results: The recombinant Newcastle disease virus was successfully constructed and can kill tumor cells successfully. Conclusion: The rLasota-IP10-IRES-EGFP achieves antitumor effects by killing hepatocellular carcinoma cells, enhancing T-lymphocyte infiltration in tumor tissues and inhibiting neovascularization. This is a basic research article about Recombinant Newcastle disease virus. Given the excellent antitumor effect of IP10 protein and the good oncolytic effect of Newcastle disease virus, we expect to add the two effects to produce chemical action to kill tumor cells. We have done experiments in vivo and in vitro, which show that the antitumor effect is very good. Our research shows that the sum of the two results is greater than the single, which may provide new ideas for future clinical antitumor research. Recombinant Newcastle disease virus rLasota-IP10-IRES-EGFP has been constructed and rescued. The rLasota-IP10-IRES-EGFP achieves antitumor effects by killing hepatocellular carcinoma cells, enhancing T-lymphocyte infiltration in tumor tissues and inhibiting neovascularization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The desizing efficiencies of starches are different. However, the reasons and mechanism for this appearance are still unclear. Therefore, desizing efficiencies of starches were measured, and the reasons for their difference were analyzed. Swelling ability and degree of crystallinity of starch films were tested to conform to the relation with desizing. The size residue on the desized yarns was collected to detect the difference in the proportion of nonstarch components and the structure of hydrolyzed starch. In addition, correlation analyses were conducted between the factors affecting hydrolysis and desizing efficiency. It was found that corn starch has the lowest desizing efficiency, and the efficiency of cassava starch was the highest. The largest proportion of protein was the main reason for inhibiting the desizing. Furthermore, a higher proportion of lipid and the lower swelling ability of starch film could also be an obstacle to desizing. Removing the nonstarch components and improving the swelling ability of film may be effective methods to improve the desizing efficiency of starch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ferric ions (Fe3+) and pyrophosphate anions (PPi) are involved in many physiological processes and play important roles in biological systems. The abnormal level of Fe3+ and PPi will cause serious damage to the environment and life. At present, the application of such probes in life, especially in vivo, is still very scarce. So, the development of a fluorescent probe to simultaneously detect Fe3+ and PPi has great significance to the health of the environment and organisms. Herein, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CDs) were synthesized via solvothermal treatment, using biuret and citric acid as precursors. The synthesized N-CDs showed highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+ through a photoluminescence quenching effect. The fluorescence of N-CDs quenched by Fe3+ could be restored with PPi, rendering the N-CDs/Fe3+ sensor promising for PPi detection ('OFF–ON'). The linear ranges of detection for Fe3+ and PPi were 3–30 and 2–12 μM, and the limits of detection were 2.71 and 1.12 μM, respectively. The practical applications of N-CDs were tested using tap water samples. Furthermore, N-CDs can be used for the detection and imaging of Fe3+ and PPi in HeLa cells and zebrafish owing to their excellent optical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excessive Cd2+ poses adverse influences on ecosystem and human beings, but its precise detection via a facile and environment-friendly method with resistance to interference is still a challenge. Here, a turn-on ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe for Cd2+ detection is established using yellow-emission AgInZnS quantum dots (AIZS QDs) and blue-emission nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs), which serve as a recognition unit and internal reference signal, respectively. Cd2+ could enhance the fluorescence of AIZS QDs due to the passivation of surface defects, while it has no significant effect on that of NGQDs. This nanoprobe has a large detection range from 0.5 to 100 µM and a limit of detection low to 28.6 nM. It shows strong anti-interference ability for Cd2+ even in lake water samples with recovery from 98 to 101% and low relative standard deviation of 1.01%, indicating its excellent effectuation to real-application world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) catalyze a series of C--H and C=C oxygenation reactions, including hydroxylation, epoxidation, and ketonization. They are attractive biocatalysts because of their ability to selectively introduce oxygen into inert molecules under mild conditions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the C--H and C=C oxygenation reactions catalyzed by CYPs and the various strategies for achieving higher selectivity and enzymatic activity. Furthermore, we discuss the application of C--H and C=C oxygenation catalyzed by CYPs to obtain the desired chemicals or pharmaceutical intermediates in practical production. The rapid development of protein engineering for CYPs provides excellent biocatalysts for selective C--H and C=C oxygenation reactions, thereby promoting the development of environmentally friendly and sustainable production processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, the heat transfer characteristics of spray-wall impingement on a high temperature wall were studied by using a transient thermocouple and a one-dimensional finite-difference conduction model to obtain variations of wall temperature and heat flux. Results showed that increasing the injection pressure and decreasing the ambient temperature both caused an increase in surface heat flux and heat transfer coefficient. However, with the increase of the initial surface temperature from 200 to 600 °C, the surface heat flux and heat transfer coefficient first increased and then decreased, and reached the maximum at about 520 °C and 390 °C respectively, which was due to the change of heat transfer regime on the wall. The contribution of experimental factors descended in the order of initial surface temperature, injection pressure and ambient temperature. The dimensionless surface heat fluxes in terms of Biot and Fourier numbers were highly similar and a dimensionless correlation was developed to quantify this heat transfer behavior, which showed that the ratio of the thermal resistance of the high temperature wall to the thermal resistance of convection heat transfer on the wall surface changed almost linearly during the process of spray-wall impingement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The control of food-borne pathogens and spoilage organisms in meat and related products is urgently needed. Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are promising natural food preservatives. In this study, six bacteriocin-producing bacteria were screened from soil and fresh cow dung. Pseudomonas koreensis PS1, a specific spoilage organism from spoiled chilled pork, was used as the indicator bacteria. From the analyses, the strain C010 was selected due to its high yield, broad spectrum, and subculture stability. Through morphological, biochemical, and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, this strain was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. Crude bacteriocin extracted from the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of L. plantarum C010 was stable under high temperature, ultraviolet radiation, and protease attack (pepsin, trypsin, and proteinase K). The kinetics of bacterial growth and bacteriocin production by L. plantarum C010 were analyzed during batch fermentation. Bacteriocin was produced throughout the logarithmic growth phase, and the Leudeking–Piret model characterized the synthesis of bacteriocins. The present study indicates that this novel bacteriocin produced by bacteria is a promising option for reducing spoilage microorganisms and can be widely used as a bio-preservative in meat and other foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given China's rapid industrial upgrade and economic development process, this study tries to explore the effect of industrial structure transformation on carbon emissions in China and the moderating effect of financial development by employing the traditional OLS model, the dynamic SYS-GMM model, and the dynamic spatial lag model comprehensively. In particular, industrial structure transformation has been divided into two indicators including industrial structure rationalization and industrial structure optimization; carbon emissions are evaluated from the dual perspective of scale and average. The empirical results indicate that only industrial structure optimization has a negative impact on carbon emissions scale in China at the national level. In addition, financial development has merely and positively moderated the nexus between industrial structure rationalization and carbon emissions scale and per capital carbon emission in the southern regions of China, which highlights the establishment of regional heterogeneity and the necessity of formulating policy in line with local conditions. Both theoretical and practical significance have drawn from this study, for the emerging economics and in particular for China, to reduce carbon emissions through industrial structure transformation and financial development and promote high-quality development in the new era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biodiesel has been renowned as potential and alternative fuel for years. In order to improve the quality of the conventional fossil fuels, biodiesel, and air pollution from combustion, additives are essential to exploit. In this study, the effects of silicon dioxide nanoparticle additives when added to the Mahua methyl ester (MME) blend on CRDI diesel engine are investigated. The blends used for the experimental study are denoted as given (MME20 + SIO40, MME20 + SIO80, and MME20 + SIO120). The experimental results reveal that the brake thermal efficiency of SiO2 blended MME shows a slight increase, whereas BSFC (Brake specific fuel consumption) shows a decreasing trend compared with other blends previously tested. The smoke emission, HC (unburnt hydrocarbons), and CO (carbon monoxide) reduce when compared with conventional diesel. Out of all the blends, the silicon dioxide blended with MME has a higher value of NOx (nitrogen oxide) emissions. The engine's overall performance showed a considerable improvement when silicon dioxide was blended with biodiesel, and this blend eventually reduced the toxic emissions from the engine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We investigated S. alterniflora saltmarshes in 10 regions to distinguish the major sources of soil organic carbon (SOC) and provide data for SOC content in Chinese coastal wetlands under exotic invasion. Methods: We collected soil and plant samples. We analyzed the soil properties for SOC content, recalcitrant organic carbon (RC), labile organic carbon (LC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total salinity and water content, as well as stable isotopic carbon composition (δ13C) in the SOC and RC. SOC and RC were determined using a Shimadzu TOC analyzer. We used δ13C values and C/N ratios of the SOC to identify carbon source inputs. The δ13C of the SOC and RC was measured using a Sercon Integra CN isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Results: The results showed that the S. alterniflora saltmarsh SOC pool properties differed significantly between study areas, dependent upon local circumstances and carbon exchanges. The δ13C values of SOC in surface sediments from Tianjin to Guangxi were from −25.16 to −20.64‰, RC from −27.82 to −23.1‰, and C/N ratios between 11.36 and 19.00. These samples had SOC values of 14.77–23.95 g kg−1, RC values of 11.98–21.44 g kg−1, and LC values of 0.44–4.08 g kg−1. The SOC and RC of surface sediments were positively correlated with TN and TP. Conclusions: S. alterniflora saltmarsh SOC is derived from multiple carbon inputs including from marine and land sources and its formation is driven by complicated factors. TN and TP inputs increase SOC in coastal wetlands. Generally, terrigenous carbon inputs dominate the SOC composition in Chinese coastal wetlands, although marine-derived organic carbon (OC) inputs to sediment increase from northern to southern areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eight extant species have been so far recognized for Calomyscus Thomas, 1905 which is distributed in the west of Asia. The only species which was reported from the Zagros Mountains in western and southern Iran was C. bailwardi. However, based on the integrative methods such as molecular, morphometric and karyological studies a new species is worth to be described other than C. bailwardi from the Zagros Mountains. In the present survey a new species which has been distributed in western regions of Iran was described as Calomyscus behzadi sp. nov. The new species constituted a monophyletic clade in phylogenetic tree which its relationships are unresolved. A new karyotype was reported for the new species as 2N=44 and FNa=48. The results of multivariate statistical analyses also separated the new species from C. bailwardi and other recognized species of the genus Calomyscus. Based on the size + shape data, C. behzadi sp. nov. has shorter nasal than C. bailwardi, group D and C. grandis and narrower than C. baluchi but wider than C. hotsoni and C. elburzensis. Moreover, according to the shape data, the new species has shorter m2 than C. elburzensis, C. bailwardi, C. hotsoni, C. grandis and group D and narrower than C. bailwardi, C. grandis and C. baluchi. The new species was described from regions which had been known already as distribution area of C. bailwardi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oncolytic virus therapy is perhaps the next major breakthrough in cancer treatment following the success in immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the potential oncolytic ability of the recombinant newcastle disease virus (NDV) Anhinga strain carried with tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) has not been fully explored at present. In the present study, the recombinant NDV/Anh‐TRAIL that secretes soluble TRAIL was constructed and the experiment results suggested NDV/Anh‐TRAIL as a promising candidate for glioma therapy. Growth kinetic and TRAIL secreted quantity of recombinant NDV/Anh‐TRAIL virus were measured. Cytotoxic and cell apoptosis were analyzed for its anti‐glioma therapy in vitro. Nude mice were used for the in vivo evaluation. Both tumor volume and mice behavior after injection were observed. The recombinant virus replicated with the same kinetics as the parental virus and the highest expression of TRAIL (77.8 ng/L) was found at 48 hours. The 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole and flow cytometry data revealed that the recombinant NDV/Anh‐TRAIL (56.1 ± 8.2%) virus could induce a more severe apoptosis rate, when compared with the NDV wild type (37.2 ± 7.0%) and mock (7.0 ± 1.8%) groups (P <.01), in U251 cells. Furthermore, in the present animal study, the average tumor volume was smaller in the NDV/Anh‐TRAIL group (97.21 mm3), when compared with the NDV wild type (205.03 mm3, P <.05) and PBS (310.30 mm3, P <.01) groups. Highlights: NDV/Anh‐TRAIL exerts an obvious result in U251 glioma therapeutic effect in vitro and in vivo. Anhinga strain could be an effectual vector for tumor therapy. NDV/Anh‐TRAIL could become a potent candidate for clinical treatment especially for glioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present research, the trends and abrupt changes in the seasonal streamflow and sediment load of the Subarnarekha and Burhabalang basins over the past 40 years (1972–2013) were analysed utilizing Mann-Kendall and Pettitt tests. Daily time series data was utilized to measure the seasonal discharge and sediment load. The results indicated a statistically significant decrease in water discharge in upstream (Muri) during all seasons. During pre-monsoon, a significant increase in discharge was observed in the downstream over the past 40 years. Ghatshila, as the terminal gauging-station of the Subarnarekha catchment, indicated a significant increase in streamflow at a rate of 23 MCM (million cubic meters) per year during the post-monsoon. The recent seasonal changes in discharge might be associated with climate change (changes in precipitation behaviour). A significant negative trend in sediment load during pre-monsoon was recorded in Adityapur (rate = 0.07 × 103 tons year-1) and Govindpur (rate = 1.11 × 103 tons year-1). Jamshedpur showed a significant increase (rate = 0.12 × 103 tons year-1) in sediment load during pre-monsoon. All stations exhibited a significant declining trend in sediment load during monsoon; and the maximum rate (100 × 103 tons year-1) was observed in Govindpur. The Pettitt test demonstrated an upward shift in water discharge during pre-monsoon at Jamshedpur and Ghatshila during 1994–1996. A downward shift of sediment load in almost all stations in the Subarnarekha was recorded during 1995–1997. The significant decline in the sediment load is probably being influenced by increasing anthropogenic activities irrespective of any specific seasons. The findings of this study are highly important as the data presented in this paper might help with water resources, ecological management, and planning within the catchments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Cytosolic calcium signals are evoked by a large variety of biotic and abiotic stimuli and play an important role in cellular and long distance signalling in plants. While the function of the plasma membrane in cytosolic Ca2+ signalling has been intensively studied, the role of the vacuolar membrane remains elusive.A newly developed vacuolar voltage clamp technique was used in combination with live‐cell imaging, to study the role of the vacuolar membrane in Ca2+ and pH homeostasis of bulging root hair cells of Arabidopsis.Depolarisation of the vacuolar membrane caused a rapid increase in the Ca2+ concentration and alkalised the cytosol, while hyperpolarisation led to the opposite responses.The relationship between the vacuolar membrane potential, the cytosolic pH and Ca2+ concentration suggests that a vacuolar H+/Ca2+ exchange mechanism plays a central role in cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis. Mathematical modelling further suggests that the voltage‐dependent vacuolar Ca2+ homeostat could contribute to calcium signalling when coupled to a recently discovered K+ channel‐dependent module for electrical excitability of the vacuolar membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effects of vacuum package combined with 0.1% ε-polylysine and 0.2% rosemary extract (V + RP) on the quality attributes and microbial communities of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) during ice storage were investigated. The quality was evaluated by chemical characteristics (total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), K-value and biogenic amines (BAs)), microbiological indexes (Total viable counts (TVC), Shewanella bacteria counts, Pseudomonas bacteria counts, Psychrophilic bacteria counts (PBC)), changes in microbial composition were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. Results showed that the increase of TVB-N, K-value, microorganisms and BAs could be inhibited by V + RP. Psychrobacter and Pseudomonas were detected in all samples. Shewanella increases rapidly in the middle of storage. Vagococcus and Shewanella were related to the decomposition of ATP, the formation of BAs, and TVB-N, respectively. In conclusion, V + RP presented the optimal effects, which could extend the shelf life of large yellow croaker for another 9 days compared with the control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de fontes is the property of Revista de fontes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To achieve rational and precise seismic response predictions of large span spatial structures (LSSSs), the inherent non-uniformity and multidimensionality characteristics of earthquake ground motions should be properly taken into consideration. However, due to the limitations of available earthquake stations to record seismic rotational components, the effects of rocking and torsional earthquake components are commonly neglected in the seismic analyses of LSSSs. In this study, a newly developed method to extract the rocking and torsion components at any point along the area of a deployed dense array from the translational earthquake recordings is applied to obtain the rotational seismic inputs for a LSSS. The numerical model of an actual LSSS, the Dalian International Conference Center (DICC), is developed to study the influences of multi-support and multidimensional excitations on the seismic responses of LSSSs. The numerical results reveal that the non-uniformity and multidimensionality of ground motion input can considerably affect the dynamic response of the DICC. The specific degree of influence on the overall and local structural displacements, deformations and forces are comprehensively investigated and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both new benzimidazole derivatives based on 8-hydroxyquinoline, namely 4-(1-((4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyl)-5-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzoic acid (QN1) and 4-(1-((4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzoic acid (QN2), were synthesized and characterized, and their corrosion inhibition behavior as well as the mechanism of inhibition was investigated by different techniques. Structural characterization includes NMR, IR and elemental analysis. The anticorrosive activity of these compounds was evaluated by the potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy. Experimental data show that the QN1 and QN2 are effective against corrosion of steel in 1.0 M HCl and that the inhibitory efficiency reached at an optimum value of 97.7% for the QN1 compound at 1 mm. Polarization Tafel curves show that QN11 and QN2 act as a mixed type of inhibitors. After evaluating the anticorrosive activity of these two compounds, we used the surface techniques, namely SEM coupled with EDS and the gravimetric solutions were analyzed by UV–visible spectrometry. Quantum mechanical investigations density functional theory calculations and the Monte Carlo simulation on corrosion behavior of QN1 and QN2 compounds were also conducted, and satisfying correlation was noticed between the results of corrosion measurement methods and quantum mechanical evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal deltaic deposits are the primary locations for sediment storage on Earth, and quantifying their source contributions is a critical prerequisite for delineating S2S patterns in marginal seas. In most cases, quantification for the contribution by fine‐grained sediments (i.e. particle size < 63 μm) is considered to be representative to constrain the overall sediment supply. However, this approach may be inappropriate because large differences exist between the two quantities. Here we propose an approach to solve the problem, which is based on the maximum number of tracers from multiple sediment size fractions incorporating the content of all size fractions of sediment. Using this approach, absolute source contributions during the Holocene are reconstructed that provide a first‐order model for the S2S pattern of the central Jiangsu coast, China. The Huanghe River is the strongest driver for the Holocene sedimentation, with a mean contribution of ~72 ± 6% (1417 × 108 t). The absolute contributions from the Changjiang and offshore areas were of secondary importance, (i.e. ~17 ± 1% (330 × 108 t) and ~11 ± 5% (217 × 108 t), respectively). The results show that a large difference between the relative and absolute source contributions and the assumption that the relative contribution represents the absolute contribution is invalid in a coastal setting. The impact of the Huanghe is mainly based on episodic events, such as the event of 1128–1855 AD. The model also reveals that the offshore sediments are as important as the Changjiang sediments for the central Jiangsu coast during the Holocene. Thus, the model provides both the time series and overall quantities of sediment supply during the formation and evolution of the Holocene tidal flats on the Jiangsu coast. Our findings shed new light on quantitative analysis of sediment sources applicable to future S2S studies of marginal seas. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In mammals, time and metabolism are tightly coupled variables; this relationship can be illustrated by numerous examples, such as the circadian variation in food intake or the circadian response to a glucose bolus. We review evidence that the interaction between the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the arcuate nucleus plays a key role in the execution of these functions. The nuclei are reciprocally connected via different projections, and this interaction provides an ideal anatomical framework to modify the temporal output of the hypothalamus to metabolic organs as a consequence of the feedback from the periphery. The suprachiasmatic nucleus-arcuate nucleus relationship is essential to integrate metabolic information into the circadian system and thus adapt circadian rhythms in core body temperature, locomotor activity, food intake, and circulating molecules such as glucose and corticosterone. With the rise in obesity-associated diseases in the world population, gaining knowledge about this relationship, and the consequences of disturbing this liaison, is essential to understand the pathogenesis of obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Crop productivity is challenged by abiotic stresses, among which drought stress is the most common. NF-Y genes, especially NF-YA genes, regulate tolerance to abiotic stress. Results: Soybean NF-Y gene GmNFYA5 was identified to have the highest transcript level among all 21 NF-YA genes in soybean (Glycine max L.) under drought stress. Drought-induced transcript of GmNFYA5 was suppressed by the ABA synthesis inhibitor naproxen (NAP). GmNFYA5 transcript was detected in various tissues at vegetative and reproductive growth stages with higher levels in roots and leaves than in other tissues, which was consist with the GmNFYA5 promoter: GUS fusion assay. Overexpression of GmNFYA5 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants caused enhanced drought tolerance in seedlings by decreasing stomatal aperture and water loss from leaves. Overexpression and suppression of GmNFYA5 in soybean resulted in increased and decreased drought tolerance, respectively, relative to plants with an empty vector (EV). Transcript levels of ABA-dependent genes (ABI2, ABI3, NCED3, LEA3, RD29A, P5CS1, GmWRKY46, GmNCED2 and GmbZIP1) and ABA-independent genes (DREB1A, DREB2A, DREB2B, GmDREB1, GmDREB2 and GmDREB3) in transgenic plants overexpressing GmNFYA5 were higher than those of wild-type plants under drought stress; suppression of GmNFYA5 transcript produced opposite results. GmNFYA5 probably regulated the transcript abundance of GmDREB2 and GmbZIP1 by binding to the promoters in vivo. Conclusions: Our results suggested that overexpression of GmNFYA5 improved drought tolerance in soybean via both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Invasion of Spartina alterniflora has been reported to modify carbon (C) cycling processes and pools of the native salt marsh ecosystems. However, it remains unclear how the invasion age and expansion direction of S. alterniflora impact the soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. In this study, by considering the continuous invasion of S. alterniflora into mudflat (seaward) and native species Suaeda salsa (landward) salt marshes over a period of 20 years chronosequence, we quantify their impacts on SOC dynamics along the coastal salt marshes of Yancheng National Nature Reserve of China, based on the extensive field sampling and remote sensing data. The results showed that (1) S. alterniflora invasion increased SOC concentration and density, which averaged 8.39 g C kg−1 and 0.0085 g C cm−3 seaward and 6.26 g C kg−1 and 0.0065 g C cm−3 landward, respectively; (2) soil organic carbon showed a significantly positive relationship with total nitrogen (TN), salinity, and water content and a negative relationship with pH and bulk density for S. alterniflora landward expansion. For seaward expansion, it showed a similar relationship, but there are higher correlations with soil properties except an insignificant relationship with pH; and (3) soil organic carbon and carbon accumulation rate are significantly higher in seaward than in landward. However, for landward expansion, soil organic carbon concentration keeps increasing linearly with invasion time, while for seaward expansion, it increased to a maximum in 11 years of invasion and then decreased. Our results showed that it is very important to assess the effects of invasion on SOC dynamics in salt marsh ecosystems by considering both the expansion direction and invasion age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to explore the effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on the contents and structure of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), and dissolved organic sulphur (DOS)) in the Yanghe estuary, by the aid of ultraviolet-visible spectrum, three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Soil samples were collected at 0–60 cm depths in different invasion years (0, 1, 5, and 8). The results showed that the DOC increased gradually with the increase of invasion time of S.alterniflora; whereas the contents of DON and DOP decreased. In the vertical section, all the DOM showed a decreasing trend with the increase of the soil profile except the DOC content in SAF-5 and SAF-8 plots (The SAF-5 and SAF-8 represent for the invasion time of 5 years and 8 years). The spectral analysis showed that the macromolecules of DOM increased after the invasion. The molecular weight and number of molecules of DOM changed after invasion. The changes were mainly concentrated in refractory macromolecules. S.alterniflora had a significant effect on the number of structural units and functional groups of soil DOM. The intensity of functional group peaks became stronger, and aromatic, aliphatic, and carbohydrate substances increased. In addition, the quantity and quality of soil DOM input by S.alternifolia strongly affect the complexity of DOM chemical structure. With the increase of invasion time, the degree of humification increases and the structure of DOM tends to be more complex. The findings of this study indicate that the invasion of S.alternifolia would enhance DOM owing to greater amount of biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)