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Regular physical activity is now considered as a therapeutic per se for sedentary people or those with chronic diseases, and learned societies of sports medicine have developed the mantra Exercise is medicine. However, despite the overwhelming evidence of its benefits on health and prevention of non-communicable diseases, there is still a gap between scientific data and development of exercise-based prevention program in the general population, or in clinical setting.The path for the recognition of sports as a major contributor to health and wellbeing has been difficult for government authorities, healthcare providers, and federal sports authorities, because of many economical and medical barriers. Awareness and involvement of sports federations may help to reduce those barriers and fill this gap.Although its still often mistakenly considered a superhuman sport, triathlon brings together 3 sports disciplines frequently recommended for people wishing to begin regular physical activity, and thus seems to be an interesting choice as a sport for health for most people/patients. After recalling the national sport and health strategy 2019-2024 developed for Paris Olympics, we report here the four steps of the Health Triathlon program implemented by the French Triathlon Federation, to illustrate the main framework, the feasibility, first results and benefits for participants of this initiatives. Key Words: Sedentary Behaviour, Chronic Diseases, Evaluation, Prevention

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We report on the experimental study of quadrupole collectivity in the neutron-deficient nucleus 104Sn using intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation. The B(E2;01+→ 21+) value for the excitation of the first 2+ state in 104Sn has been measured to be 0.180(37) e2b2 relative to the well-known B(E2) value of 102Cd. This result disagrees by more than one sigma with a recently published measurement [G. Guastalla et at, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 172501 (2013)]. Our result indicates that the most modern many-body calculations remain unable to describe the enhanced collectivity below midshell in Sn approaching N = Z = 50. We attribute the enhanced collectivity to proton particle-hole configurations beyond the necessarily limited shell-model spaces and suggest the asymmetry of the B(E2)-value trend around midshell to originate from enhanced proton excitations across Z = 50 as N = Z is approached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, within power electronics packaging, there has been a trend toward compact power electronics modules for automotive and industrial applications, where a smart integrated control unit for motor drives is replacing bulky substrates with discrete control logic and power electronics. Most recent modules combine control and power electronics, yielding maximum miniaturization. Transfer molding is the method of choice for cost-effective encapsulation of such modules due to robustness of the molded modules and moderate cost of packaging. But there are challenges with this type of package. Typically, these packages are asymmetric, and thus a substrate with single sided assembly is overmolded on the component side and the substrate backside is exposed, providing a heat path for optimized cooling. This asymmetric geometry is prone to yielding warped substrates, preventing optimum thermal contact to the heat sink and also putting thermomechanical stress on the encapsulated components, possibly reducing reliability. Such packages are truly heterogeneous, combining power ICs, wire bonds, SMDs, control ICs, substrate, and lead frame surfaces. As a result, the encapsulant used needs to adhere sufficiently to all surfaces present. Additionally, those packages need to operate at elevated temperatures for extended time periods, for example, at 150° C for 2000 h and more, so high thermal stability is of prime importance. Within this paper, a reference application is described integrating power and control logic inside a lead frame based molded package. Taking into account the challenges mentioned above, a detailed description of material selection for this module will be given, includingmaterial analysis, such as rheology, reactivity, and change in εr; and thermomechanical properties, in initial stage as f (t,T) and after media storage. Process development tools for module molding are used to ensuremanufacturability and usability. Concluding rules for encapsulant material selection and package setup are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Duromer molded interconnect device (MID) technology for realization of a stackable system-in-package (SiP) is similar to conventional MID technology, which is usually realized using thermoplastic polymers, combining the functionality of housing and substrate into one device. Advantages of the conventional MID technology are the reduction of parts during assembly by integrating mechanical and electrical functionality into a device and the reduction of space, as MID allows a three-dimensional (3-D) integration of devices. A disadvantage of conventional technology, especially if combined with typical technical thermoplastics, is the large mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between substrate and advanced microelectronic components as chip scale package (CSP) or flip-chip. This is reducing the applicability of thermoplastic MID to moderate temperature ranges and/or to rather robust components. To overcome this disadvantage, the use of low CTE duromer as epoxy molding compounds (EMCs) as base material for device assembly is proposed, generating a unique technology well adapted to SiP and microelectromechanical system (MEMS) packaging needs, the Duromer MID approach. The technological realization of Duromer MID uses conventional backend processes as IC bonding to flex, transfer molding using epoxy molding compounds, laser machining, metallization, and structurization processes well known from PCB processing. The use of existing equipment allows both a rather fast process implementation and a cost-effective manufacturing of the components. Within this paper, the investigations described previously are driven further toward a description of a generic packaging technology integrating detailed analysis of metallization processes and assembly issues. Summarized, this paper presents further process development and feasibility analysis of wafer-level packaging technologies for SiP solutions based on a Duromer MID approach. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The low-energy excitation level schemes of the neutron-rich 38-42S isotopes are investigated via in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy following the fragmentation of 48Ca and 46Ar projectiles on a 12C target at intermediate beam energies. Information on γγ coincidences complemented by comparisons to shell-model calculations were used to construct level schemes for these neutron-rich nuclei. The experimental data are discussed in the context of large-scale shell-model calculations with the SDPF-MU effective interaction in the sd-pf shell. For the even-mass S isotopes, the evolution of the yrast sequence is explored as well as a peculiar change in decay pattern of the second 2+ states at N=26. For the odd-mass 41S, a level scheme is presented that seems complete below 2.2 MeV and consistent with the predictions by the SDPF-MU shell-model Hamiltonian; this is a remarkable benchmark given the rapid shell and shape evolution at play in the S isotopes as the broken-down N=28 magic number is approached. Furthermore, the population of excited final states in projectile fragmentation is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive spectroscopy of the N=29 nucleus 47Ar is presented, based on two complementary direct reaction mechanisms: one-neutron pickup onto 46Ar projectiles and one-proton removal from the 1- ground state of 48K. The results are compared with shell-model calculations that use the state-of-the-art SDPF-U and SDPF-MU effective interactions. Also, from the 9Be(46Cl,45S+γ)X one-proton-removal reaction, we report the first γ-ray transitions observed from 45S. By using comparisons with shell-model calculations, and from the observed intensities and energy sums, we propose a first tentative level scheme for 45S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The highly selective, intermediate-energy heavy-ion-induced neutron-pickup reaction, in combination with γ-ray spectroscopy using the γ-ray energy-tracking in-beam nuclear array (GRETINA), is shown to provide reliable relative spectroscopic strengths for high-ℓ orbitals in nuclei more neutron rich than the projectile. The reaction mechanism gives a significant final-state-spin alignment that is validated through γ-ray angular-distribution measurements enabled by the position sensitivity of GRETINA. This is the first time that γ-ray angular distributions could be extracted from a high-luminosity, fast-beam reaction other than inelastic scattering. This holds great promise for the restriction and assignment of Jp quantum numbers in exotic nuclei. We advance this approach to study the crucial N=28 shell closure and extract the ratio g9/2:f5/2 of bound neutron single-particle strengths in Ca49, a benchmark for emerging multi-shell ab initio and configuration-interaction theories that are applicable along the Ca isotopic chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied transition rates for the lowest 1/2+ and 5/2+ excited states of C17 through lifetime measurements with the GRETINA array using the recoil-distance method. The present measurements provide a model-independent determination of transition strengths giving the values of B(M1;1/2+→3/2g.s.+)=1.04-0.12+0.03×10-2µN² and B(M1;5/2+3/2g.s.+)=7.12-0.96+1.27×10-2µN². The quenched M1 transition strength for the 1/2+→3/2g.s.+ transition, with respect to the 5/2+3/2g.s.+ transition, has been confirmed with greater precision. The current data are compared to importance-truncated no-core shell model calculations addressing effects due to continuum and three-body forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excited states have been studied in 28Na using the β-decay of implanted 28Ne ions at the Grand Accelerateur National d'lons Lourds/LISE as well as the in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory/S800 facility. New states of positive (Jπ = 3+,4+) and negative (Jπ = l--5-) parity are proposed. The former arise from the coupling between 0d5/2 protons and 0d3/2 neutrons, while the latter are attributable to couplings of 0d5/2 protons with 1 p3/2 or 0f1/2 neutrons. While the relative energies between the Jπ = l+-4+ states are well reproduced with the USDA interaction in the N = 17 isotones, a progressive shift in the ground-state binding energy (by about 500 keV) is observed between 26F and 30Al. This points to a possible change in the proton-neutron 0d5/2-0d3/2 effective interaction when moving from stability to the drip line. The presence of Jπ = 1--4- negative-parity states around 1.5 MeV as well as of a candidate for a Jπ = 5- state around 2.5 MeV give further support to the collapse of the N = 20 gap and to the inversion between the neutron 0f7/2 and 1p3/2 levels below Z = 12. These features are discussed in the framework of shell-model and energy-density-functional calculations, leading to predicted negative-parity states in the low-energy spectra of the 26F and 25O nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In neutron-rich nuclei around N=40 rapid changes in nuclear structure can be observed. While Ni68 exhibits signatures of a doubly magic nucleus, experimental data along the isotopic chains in even more exotic Fe and Cr isotopes-such as excitation energies and transition strengths-suggest a sudden rise in collectivity toward N=40. Purpose: Reduced quadrupole transition strengths for low-lying transitions in neutron-rich 58,60,62Cr are investigated. This gives quantitative new insights into the evolution of quadrupole collectivity in the neutron-rich region close to N=40. Method: The recoil distance Doppler-shift (RDDS) technique was applied to measure lifetimes of low-lying states in Cr58,60,62Cr. The experiment was carried out at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) with the SeGA array in a plunger configuration coupled to the S800 magnetic spectrograph. The states of interest were populated by means of one-proton knockout reactions. Results: Data reveal a rapid increase in quadrupole collectivity for 58,60,62Cr toward N=40 and point to stronger quadrupole deformations compared to neighboring Fe isotopes. The experimental B(E2) values are reproduced well with state-of-the-art shell-model calculations using the LNPS effective interaction. A consideration of intrinsic quadrupole moments and B42 ratios suggest an evolution toward a rotational nature of the collective structures in 60,62Cr. Compared to 58Cr, experimental B42 and B62 values for 60Cr are in better agreement with the E(5) limit. Conclusion: Our results indicate that collective excitations in neutron-rich Cr isotopes saturate at N=38, which is in agreement with theoretical predictions. More detailed experimental data of excited structures and interband transitions are needed for a comprehensive understanding of quadrupole collectivity close to N=40. This calls for additional measurements in neutron-rich Cr and neighboring Ti and Fe nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Triplet energy differences (TED) can be studied to yield information on isospin-non-conserving interactions in nuclei. Purpose: The systematic behavior of triplet energy differences (TED) of T=1, Jπ=2+ states is examined. The A=62 isobar is identified as having a TED value that deviates significantly from an otherwise very consistent trend. This deviation can be attributed to the tentative assignments of the pertinent states in 62Ga and 62Ge. Methods: An in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy experiment was performed to identify excited states in 62Ga using Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array with the S800 spectrometer at NSCL using a two-nucleon knockout approach. Cross-section calculations for the knockout process and shell-model calculations have been performed to interpret the population and decay properties observed. Results: Using the systematics as a guide, a candidate for the transition from the T=1, 2+ state is identified. However, previous work has identified similar states with different Jπ assignments. Cross-section calculations indicate that the relevant T=1, 2+ state should be one of the states directly populated in this reaction. Conclusions: As spins and parities were not measurable, it is concluded that an unambiguous identification of the first T=1, 2+ state is required to reconcile our understanding of TED systematics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure of semi-magic 7035Ni42, was investigated following complementary multinucleon-transfer and secondary fragmentation reactions. Changes to the higher-spin, presumed negative-parity states based on observed y-ray coincidence relationships result in better agreement with shell-model calculations using effective interactions in the neutron f5/2pg9/2 model space. The second 2+ and (4+) states, however, can only be successfully described when proton excitations across the Z = 28 shell gap are included. Monte Carlo shell-model calculations suggest that the latter two states are part of a prolate-deformed intruder sequence, establishing an instance of shape coexistence at low excitation energies similar to that observed recently in neighboring 68Ni. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first lifetime measurement used to study the magnetic response of halo nuclei is presented. The lifetime of the first excited state of the one-neutron halo nucleus 19C has been measured by two complementary Doppler-shift techniques with the Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking In-beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA). The B(M 1 ; 3/2+ →1/2g,s+) strength of 3.21(25)x 10-3µ²N determined for this decay represents a strongly hindered M1 transition among light nuclei. Shell-model calculations predict a strong hindrance due to the near-degeneracy of the S1/2 and d5/2 orbitals among neutron-rich carbon isotopes, while tensor corrections and loosely bound effects are necessary to account for the remaining strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shell evolution is studied in the neutron-rich silicon isotopes 36,38,40Si using neutron single-particle strengths deduced from one-neutron knockout reactions. Configurations involving neutron excitations across the N = 20 and N = 28 shell gaps are quantified experimentally in these rare isotopes. Comparisons with shell model calculations show that the tensor force, understood to drive the collective behavior in 42Si with N = 28, is already important in determining the structure of 40Si with N = 26. New data relating to cross-shell excitations provide the first quantitative support for repulsive contributions to the cross-shell T = 1 interaction arising from three-nucleon forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lifetimes of low-lying excited states have been measured in 66Ge, 69Se, and 65Ga using a γ-ray lineshape method. The results confirm the previously reported 71- state lifetime in 66Ge. The lifetime of the yrast 5/2- state in 65Ga is measured for the first time. Lifetime measurements of two excited 3/2- states in 69Se are also reported. Two previously unobserved γ rays have been identified in 69Se. γ-γ coincidence measurements have been used to place one of these in the level scheme. 69Se excited state populations are compared to shell-model calculations using the GXPF1A interaction in the fp model space. Theoretical spectroscopic factors to excited states in 69Se have identified three candidate levels for the origin of one of the new transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reduced transition probability B(E2: 0+ → 2+) has been measured for the neutron-rich nucleus 74Ni in an intermediate energy Coulomb excitation experiment performed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University. The obtained B(E2;0+ → 2+) = 642+216 e2fm4 value defines a trend which is unexpectedly small if referred to 70Ni and to a previous indirect determination of the transition strength in 74Ni. This indicates a reduced polarization of the Z = 28 core by the valence neutrons. Calculations in the pfgd model space reproduce well the experimental result indicating that the B(E2) strength predominantly corresponds to neutron excitations. The ratio of the neutron and proton multipole matrix elements supports such an interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure of the neutron-rich silicon isotopes 36,38,40Si was studied by one-neutron and one-proton knockout reactions at intermediate beam energies. We construct level schemes for the knockout residues 35,37,39Si and 35,37,39Al and compare knockout cross sections to the predictions of an eikonal model in conjunction with large-scale shell-model calculations. The agreement of these calculations with the present experiment lends support to the microscopic explanation of the enhanced collectivity in the region of 42Si. We also present an empirical method for reproducing the observed low-momentum tails in the parallel momentum distributions of knockout residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]