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Chronic subdural haematoma represents a major problem in the neurosurgical field concerning population both under and above 75 years old. It is not only a matter of prevalence or pure statistics but it embodies true understanding of how the pathology affects older patients, their life expectancy and quality when reliable factors are implied such as comorbidities, relation with the moment of surgery, the existence of anticoagulation therapy, and many more. We target these challenges in a study on 232 cases of treated chronic subdural haematomas with impact on two major categories -those under and above 75 years old in the Neurosurgery Department, County Hospital "Pius Branzeu" Timisoara, Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present morphologic investigation was to confirm that, besides the lumbrical muscles, the interosseous muscles have a key position in the developing and fixing of the hammer toe—a deformation which occurs in the second to the fifth toes. Some authors describe the topographic relation of the short muscles of the foot. The dorsal and plantar interosseous muscles in particular, as well as the dorsal aponeuroses, are described as stabilizing structures. Most of the toes investigated had interosseous muscles positioned plantarly of the joint axes in the region of the metatarsophalangeal joints; however, there was a difference between the left and the right side. The interosseous muscles of the foot also insert into the dorsal aponeurosis of the toes and have a stabilizing effect on the metatarsophalangeal joints. This study shows that dorsal shifts of the interosseous muscles point to an insufficiency of these muscles as well as to a loosening of the capsule and ligaments in the metatarsophalangeal joints. Both of these mechanisms lead to an inversion of the muscle's function, i.e. the support for the capsular and ligamentous structures of the metatarsophalangeal joint becomes more dorsally located. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]