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Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research was carried out to determine the relationships between pomological characteristics of hazelnuts collected manually from the branch and the ground. The research was carried out in three different orchards belonging to a producer, which contains Tombul, Foşa and Çakıldak hazelnut varieties in Kocaali district of Sakarya province (Türkiye). The orchards, located at an altitude of 300 m, face north. Hazelnut samples of Tombul, Foşa and Çakıldak varieties were collected from the branch in the first (2009) and second year (2010), on 12-15 August, 15-18 August and 22-25 August, respectively, and from the ground on 24-27 August, 27-30 August and 4-7 September, respectively. Nut weight, nut size, shell thickness, kernel weight, kernel size, kernel cavity, kernel percent, shriveled kernel ratio, good kernel ratio, full and average blanching ratios were determined in dried fruits. Correlation analysis was performed between the properties examined separately in the two groups of samples. In the samples collected from the branch and the ground, the highest variation was seen in the shriveled kernel ratio and the lowest in the good kernel ratio. It was determined that all of the significant correlation coefficients in the samples collected from the branch were positive, and the highest correlation coefficients were between full blanching ratio-average blanching ratio, nut weight-kernel weight and nut size-kernel size, respectively. In the samples collected from the ground, more significant correlations, and also negative significant relationships were found between the investigated properties. It was determined that the highest positive correlations were found between nut size-kernel weight, nut weight-kernel weight, full blanching rate-average blanching rate, nut weight-kernel size and nut sizekernel size, respectively; the highest negative correlations were found between the shell thickness-good kernel ratio, the shell thickness-kernel size, and the shriveled kernel ratiogood kernel core ratio, respectively. It can be said that the samples collected manually from the ground in hazelnut were more homogeneous than those collected from the branch in terms of the quality characteristics examined; in the samples collected from the ground, the good kernel ratio and kernel size were negatively affected by the shell thickness, the shriveled kernel ratio was positively affected, and there were no differences between the samples in terms of other relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University / Gazi Osman Pasa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Gaziosmanpasa University, Agricultural Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary & Life Sciences is the property of Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Black Sea region of Turkey is where the Medlar population is most common, and Medlar usually grows naturally in this region. This study was carried out to determine the organic acids, sugars and bioactive compounds of promising Medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) genotypes which were grown in Tonya and Sürmene districts of Trabzon province (Black Sea Region of Turkey) in 2017 and 2018. Total of 15 genotypes were evaluated in the study, including 8 genotypes from Sürmene and 7 genotypes from Tonya. As a result, crude protein was ranged from 1.65 to 2.70%, crude oil from 0.10% to 9.40%, soluble solids contents from 9.80% to 20.20%, titratable aciditty from 0.60% to 1.40%, ascorbic acid from 21.5 mg 100 g−1 to 44.2 mg 100 g−1, malic acid from 590.5 mg 100 g−1 to 1074.5 mg 100 g−1, succinic acid from 127.0 mg 100 g−1 to 419.0 mg 100 g−1, and citric acid from 2.0 mg 100 g−1 to 32.0 mg 100 g−1, fructose from 3255 mg 100 g−1 to 4726 mg 100 g−1, glucose from 2108 mg 100 g−1to 3017 mg 100 g−1, sucrose from 127 mg 100 g−1 to 399 mg 100 g−1, carbohydrate from 47.3% to 73.1%, total phenolics from 41 mg GAE 100 g−1 to 411 mg GAE 100 g−1 and antioxidant activity 13.1 mmol TE 100 g−1 to 77.8 mmol TE 100 g−1. It was found large diversity regarding crude oil, SSC, titratable acidity, citric acid, glucose and antioxidant capacity of fruits among the genotypes. It can be said that the fresh fruits of promising Medlar genotypes are particularly promising for the use of nutraceuticals. In particular, Ton-20 and Ton-21 genotypes were remarkable due to their high-quality characteristics and total phenolic content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to determine the bioactive compounds of superior medlar genotypes grown in Terme district (Samsun province in the Black Sea region of Northern Turkey) in 2017 and 2018. In the genotypes, the ascorbic acid varied from 24.6 mg 100 g-1 to 35.1 mg 100 g-1; organic acid contents (citric, malic, succinic) from 2.4 mg 100 g-1 to 13.0 mg 100 g-1, from 576.5 mg 100 g-1 to 707.4 mg 100 g-1, from 111.9 mg 100 g-1 to 188.5 mg 100 g-1, respectively; sugar contents (sucrose, glucose, fructose) from 111.9 mg 100 g-1 to 227.4 mg 100 g-1, from 2226.9 mg 100 g-1 to 2955.5 mg 100 g-1, from 3530.7 mg 100 g-1 to 4740.8 mg /100 g-1, respectively; the total phenol content from 24.0 mg GAE 100 g-1 to 107.4 mg GAE 100 g-1 and antioxidant activity from 9.1 mmol TE 100 g-1 to 50 mmol TE 100 g-1. It can be said that some genotypes are remarkable in terms of total phenolic, antioxidant activity and ascorbic acid contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to determine the changes in yield and some quality characteristics of 'Tombul' and 'Palaz' hazelnut cultivars according to orchards varied in terms of photosynthetic active radiation. The study was carried out in three orchards with full day sun lighted (100% PAR), half day sun lighted (66.34% PAR) and shady (49.93% PAR) in the Fatsa district of Ordu province (Turkey) in 2016. The experiment was designed in random blocks and three replicates. As a results, it was determined that lighting conditions of the orchards have a significant effect on yield and quality traits in both cultivars. As the sun lighting decreased, yield and good kernel rates decreased; blank nut ratio increased. In addition, the oil content was decreased as the lighting in the orchards increased but it was found to be significant only in 'Tombul' hazelnut cultivar. As a result, it may be recommended to take into consideration the natural lighting conditions of the orchards in the new plantations, not to plantation the orchard in places that do not have any sunlight and to apply the cultural practices in existing orchards to get enough light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study was carried out to determine the promising medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) genotypes grown in Sürmene province (Trabzon, Turkey) in the Eastern Black Sea Region in 2012 and 2013 years by selection breeding. "Weight-Ranked Method" was used to evaluate the promising genotypes. Total 18 wild medlar genotypes were investigated in the study. According to weighted ranked method was done based on fruit weight, fruit flesh percent, total soluble solids and total dry matter 8 wild medlar genotypes were determined as promising genotypes. As a result of this study. SÜR-6, SÜR-19, SÜR-20, SÜR-7, SÜR-16, SÜR-9, SÜR-15 and SÜR-17 numbered genotypes were had the highest score for general quality characteristics. respectively. In the promising genotypes. the fruit weight varied from 19.5 to 24.4 g; fruit width varied from 31.1 to 35.5 mm; fruit length varied from 31.4 to 35.7 mm; seed weight varied from 1.2 to 1.5 g; fruit flesh percent varied from 93.3 to 94.1 %; total soluble solids varied from 18.0 to 22.0 %; titratable acidity varied from 1.2 to 1.5 %; vitamin C varied from 4.4 to 4.7 mg 100 g-1 and total dry matter varied from 20.9 to 27.0 %. Genotypes 6 and 19 are remarkable in terms of general quality characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) is a serious pest to a variety of agricultural crops including tea (Camellia sinensis (L.), Theales: Theaceae) worldwide. In this study, the potential of Amblyseius (Neoseiulus) californicus (McGregor 1954) and Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) at two initial release ratios, 1:10 and 1:20 (predator: prey), and the effect of the garlic (Allium sativum L., Alliaceae) bulb extract, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., Solanaceae) leaf extract and soft soap in the management of P. latus were assessed. The research was carried out on seedlings of Tuğlalı-10, Muradiye-10 and Gündoğdu Turkish tea clones in Rize province (Black Sea coast, Turkey) during two growing seasons in 2013 and 2014. For each clone, a completely randomized block design was used to compare the differences among the nine treatments and two controls (sprayed and unsprayed). 80 % Micronized Sulfur was used on the sprayed control plot. Results showed that A. swirskii and N. californicus may be effective in reducing P. latus densities at the initial predator: prey release ratios of 1:10 and 1:20 on tea plants under Rize conditions. The tobacco leaf, garlic bulb extracts and soft soap treatments were also found to be promising for controlling P. latus on tea plantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research was carriedout on 5 local pear cultivars grown in and around İlkadım county (Samsun province of Turkey) in 2017. These cultivarscalled as Sarıca and Orak, and three Çörtük cultivars that have different characteristics in the region. In thesecultivars, fruit weight varied from7.6 g (Çörtük-2) to 33.0 g (Orak); fruit width from 31.55 mm (Çörtük-2) to 37.56 mm (Orak); fruit length from 36.98 mm (Çörtük-2) to 54.64 mm (Çörtük-3); fruit diameter from 31.36 mm (Çörtük-2) to 39.04 mm (Orak); fruit flesh firmness from 2.06 kg (Orak) to 7.77 kg (Sarıca); total soluble solid content from9.9% (Orak) to 14.7% (Çörtük-3); pH value in fruit juice ranged from 4.77 (Sarıca) to 5.39 (Orak) and titratable acidity from 2.10 % (Orak) to 5.19% (Çörtük-2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out in Çaykara county (Trabzon province, Turkey) and in its 25 districts during 2012-2013 years. In the research, pomological characteristics of localpeargenotypesgrown for many years were examined. 169 local pear genotypes were determined in the research. According to weighted-ranked method done based on fruit weight, rustiness, eating quality and appearance, 97 local pear genotypes were selected superior genotypes in 2012. In the study genotypes according to the first year harvest dates were divided into 3 groups as summer, autumn and winter seasons. Total 34 local pear genotypes (18 summer, 9 autumn and 7 winter seasons) were determined as promising according to weighted-ranked method in 2013. In the promising summer, autumn and winter genotypes, fruit weight were between 81.3 g-148.7 g, 88.5 g-155.7 g and 69.9 g-221.4 g,respectively; fruit width were between 49.9 mm-62.2 mm, 53,0 mm-65.4 mm and 49.3 mm-68.6 mm, respectively; fruit length were between 45.8 mm-78.5 mm, 54.3 mm-86.7 mm and 52.1 mm-91.1mm, respectively; fruit firmness were between 5.0 kg/cm2-9.8 kg/cm2, 6.8 kg/cm2-13.9 kg/cm2 and 4.8 kg/cm2-8.6 kg/cm, respectively; soluble solid contents were between 10.0 %- 14.4 %, 9.7 %-12.8 % and 11.3% -16.6 %, respectively; titrable acid contents were between 0.69 %-4.38 %, 1.43%- 7.63 % and 2.25%-16.0 %, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to evaluate the content of phenolics such as quercetin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferrulic acid, as well as other catechin, epicatechin and quercetin-3-rutinoside (rutin). Phenolic compounds were measured by spectrophotometric methods. Among the researched apricots, Organically grown cultivar contained the highest amounts of all groups of phenolics, followed by conventional apricots. The quantity of polyphenols depended on sulfurization was investigated. It is found that the region of cultivation did not have remarkable influence on polyphenol, whereas the cultivation type has the main effect. Significant differences were observed in phenolic mass fraction among different cultivars and growing seasons ( P < 0.05), and phenolic compounds were significantly higher in all organics. Examined cultivars possess high antioxidant capacity and reducing power, and all phenolics were highly correlated with RP ( R = 0.46 to 0.99). Generally, organically grown fruits are rich sources of phenolics, which show evident antioxidant capacity. The high-pressure liquid chromatography, equipped with diode array detector, was used to investigate the polyphenols. We state that the level of all determined phenolics decreased after sulfurization. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Consumption of apricots have been applied to be a practical approach toward the prevention of several degenerative diseases. It is well reported that apricots with different cultivars contain phenolics that have been shown to be the main phytochemicals present in fruit and that they play important roles in the preservation of several degenerative diseases. Sulfurized apricots have much better hygienic quality, and due to chemical reactions during processing, they become more digestible and have a decreased nutritional value. However, sulfurization may affect the antioxidant status of apricots due to the release of more phenolic compounds and destruction or creation of redox-active metabolites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first applications in food irradiation using X-rays were performed in 1921. The purposes of the applications are the prevention, reduction or elimination of both microorganisms causing food spoilage and biochemical changes, prolong shelf life of foods or control of ripening period in foods. The first legal regulations related to food irradiation began after 1983. In Turkey, "Food Irradiation Regulation" was enforced in 1999. As an alternative to chemical applications, irradiation has been used for many products. In this study, irradiation applications on nuts have been reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)