Search

Over half of women with psychosis are mothers. Research suggests that mothers with psychosis face unique challenges affecting both their mental health prognosis and their relationship with their children. Moreover, those children have a higher risk of developing a mental disorder. Notwithstanding, interventions specifically tailored to these families remain largely uncovered. Metacognitive Training (MCT) has demonstrated its efficacy in improving cognitive insight, symptom management, and social cognition in people with psychosis. However, there is no evidence of the efficacy of MCT in a family setting (MCT-F). This study describes the first adaptation of MCT for mothers with psychosis and their adolescent children in an online group setting. The phases (assessment, decision, adaptation, production, topical experts' integration) of the ADAPT-ITT model were systematically applied through a participatory approach (n = 22), including a first-person perspective and involving qualitative (e.g., topical expert literature review and consensus groups, interviews, thematic analyses) and quantitative methods. While MCT's core components were retained, participants guided adaptations both in content and delivery. The findings suggest the importance of community engagement and sharing decision-making processes to demonstrate the acceptability and feasibility of the adapted intervention. Employing a structured approach such as the ADAPT-ITT model ensures readiness of the new training for efficacy trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective emotion regulation (ER) strategies are linked with healthy psychosocial functioning, and parenting behaviours and parents' own ER have been linked to the development of their children's own ER. The present study examined relations between emerging adults' perceived parenting dimensions (warmth, psychological control, and behavioural control), their caregivers' self-reported parenting dimensions, and emerging adults' ER. We also examined how caregivers' ER relates to their emerging adult children's ER. Two dimensions of ER (cognitive reappraisal and emotional suppression) were examined. Participants included 466 emerging adults, and a subsample of 102 emerging adult-primary caregiver dyads, and 51 emerging adult-secondary caregiver dyads. Findings from analyses on emerging adults suggest that only perceived main and secondary caregivers' warmth influenced their use of cognitive reappraisal (CR). In contrast, caregivers' reported parenting did not influence emerging adults' emotion suppression (ES) use. In addition, caregivers' reported use of CR influenced emerging adults' own use of CR, but caregivers' use of ES did not. These findings suggest that it is the perception of parenting rather than what caregivers report doing that influences emerging adults' ER. Limitations and directions for future research are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using company-level data for the USA we study the productivity effects of knowledge spillovers, induced by the diffusion of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the markets where companies operate. We adopt multiple spillover proxies and account for firms' absorptive capacity and lagged effects. Our results show that intra-industry ICT spillovers have a contemporaneous negative effect while the impact of inter-industry spillovers is positive. The overall productivity effect of ICT is negative, except for those companies with a strong absorptive capacity. However, after a 5-year lag the overall spillover effect turns positive while the role of absorptive capacity diminishes as a consequence of decreasing learning costs and more accessible technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The characterization and laser investigations of epitaxially grown Yb:KLuW-KLuW composites with optimized crystal quality at the interface are presented. The diode pumping of the epitaxial laser near 980 nm and highly efficient CW laser operation at room temperature without cooling is demonstrated.

Description and demonstration of the feasibility of laparoscopic management of symptomatic pelvic lymphocele after surgical staging in gynecological cancer surgery. Step-by-step description of the surgical procedure using pictures and an educational video. Patient gave informed consent for the use of images and the full video article was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Hospital of Sant Pau. Lymphocele is one of the most common complications of pelvic or lumbo-aortic lymphadenectomy. Although the incidence is variable at 1-58%, around 5-18% of cases are symptomatic. Only symptomatic lymphocele requires treatment, which can be medical or interventional. Drainage is usually performed by guided radiology although a surgical approach has shown a lower rate of recurrence. A 64-years-old woman diagnosed with endometrial carcinosarcoma was staged laparoscopically by pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy. Para-aortic lymphadenectomy was performed using an extraperitoneal approach. Three weeks later she presented with an intense and persistent burning pain, radiating towards the left leg. Computed tomography imaging suggested the presence of a 10x7.6 cm lymphocele adjacent to the left external iliac vessels. Laparoscopy was performed with four-port placement configuration, enabling the identification of a large, bilobed lymphocele, adjacent to the left pelvic wall and left paracolic gutter. Adhesiolysis and identification of main landmarks in the left paracolic gutter and left paravesical fossa was performed as a first step. Peritoneum of each lymphocele was opened in the caudal region and the opening was broadened to facilitate lymph drainage. Owing to the low morbidity and excellent results, we suggest that laparoscopic drainage should be performed as a feasible and useful treatment for pelvic symptomatic lymphoceles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The study aimed to assess gender differences in the efficacy of metacognitive training (MCT) in people with first-episode psychosis in terms of symptoms and cognitive insight as a primary outcome and other metacognitive and social cognition measures as a secondary outcome. Method: A multicenter, controlled, randomized clinical trial was performed including 122 patients with first-episode psychosis. A total of 8 weekly group sessions of MCT or a psychoeducational intervention were performed. Patients were assessed at baseline, posttreatment, and follow-up. Symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and cognitive insight with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale. A battery of questionnaires on metacognition and social cognition variables was included to assess secondary outcomes. A regression model for repeated measures was performed by gender. Results: Women of the MCT group improved more in general symptoms (p =.046), self-certainty (p =.010), and a composite index of the cognitive insight (p =.031). Moreover, women in the MCT group showed a reduction in personalizing bias (p =.021) and irrational beliefs related to dependence (p =.024), while men in the MCT group showed an improvement in intolerance to frustration (p =.017). In the Jumping to Conclusions task, men in the MCT group improved in the affective task (p =.021) while no differences were found in women. Conclusions: Our results suggest that MCT is more effective in reducing symptoms and improving cognitive insight for women than men. Moreover, different irrational beliefs and cognitive biases were reduced differently considering gender. MCT could be a gender-sensitive intervention. What is the public health significance of this article?: The gender-sensitive approach should be considered in psychological interventions such as metacognitive training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skills are widely recognised as central to absorptive capacity, that is, firms' ability to identify and make effective use of knowledge, ideas and technologies that are generated elsewhere. But identification of the specific levels of education and skills that contribute most to the development of absorptive capacity is often hampered by the use of skill measures as proxies for absorptive capacity itself. Drawing on a cross-country industry-level dataset, we retain separate measures of key components of absorptive capacity, namely, skills, R&D investments and openness to foreign trade and investment. We then estimate a system of structural equations in order to evaluate the extent to which different levels of skill contribute to innovative output (measured by growth in patenting) and subsequently to growth in productivity. We find important roles for both high-level skills and upper intermediate (technician-level) skills in converting the knowledge sourcing opportunities provided by openness into innovative output. In final stages of production (making use of innovative output), productivity growth in countries near to the technological frontier is enhanced not just by high-level and upper intermediate skills but also by the skills of the workforce as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined children's reasoning about gender- and religion-based exclusion in the context of single-gender and single-faith schools and play contexts. Young people (twenty-three 8- to 10-year-olds and fifty-three 12- to 14-year-olds) were asked to judge and reason about the acceptability of exclusion based on gender and religion by children and school principals. Participants rated exclusion based on gender as more acceptable than exclusion based on religion. Exclusion from school contexts was rated as more acceptable than exclusion from play contexts. Participants tended to invoke moral reasons to condemn exclusion when reasoning about religion, whereas they tended to invoke social conventional reasons when reasoning about gender. Young people's greater support for religiously inclusive schooling compared to gender inclusive schooling suggests that societal and governmental acceptance of religious diversity has support from future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the left hemiface is controlled by the emotion-dominant right hemisphere, emotion is expressed asymmetrically. Portraits showing a model's left cheek consequently appear more emotive. Though the left cheek bias is well established in adults, it has not been investigated in children. To determine whether the left cheek biases for emotion perception and expression are present and/or develop between the ages of 3 and 7 years, 145 children (71 male, 74 female; M age = 65.49 months) completed two experimental tasks: one assessing biases in emotion perception, and the other assessing biases in emotion expression. Regression analysis confirmed that children aged 3–7 years find left cheek portraits happier than right cheek portraits, and age does not predict the magnitude of the bias. In contrast when asked to pose for a photo expressing happiness children did not show a left cheek bias, with logistic regression confirming that age did not predict posing orientations. These findings indicate that though the left cheek bias for emotion perception is established by age 3, a similar bias for emotion expression is not evident by age 7. This implies that tacit knowledge of the left cheek's greater expressivity is not innate but develops in later childhood/adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Epitaxial monoclinic double tungstate composites based on the strongly anisotropic KLu(WO4)2 (KLuW) were grown with high crystalline quality and laser operation of ytterbium was demonstrated for the first time. Highly efficient CW laser emission of an Yb:KLuW-KLuW crystal was achieved near 1030 nm. The 100-μm-thick Yb:KLuW layer was pumped at wavelengths near 980 nm by a tapered diode laser as well as by a Ti:sapphire laser. More than 500 mW of CW output power and slope efficiencies up to 66% were obtained at room temperature without cooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]