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INTRODUCTION: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip due to methicillin-resistant bacteria is difficult to treat and remain a challenge for arthroplasty surgeon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review was done to the patients who received two-stage revisions with an antibiotic loaded cement-spacer for PJI of the hip between January 2010 to May 2015. We found 65 patients (65 hips) with positive culture findings. Eight patients were lost to follow-up and excluded from the study. Among the rest of the 57 patients, methicillin-resistant infection (MR Group) was found in 28 cases. We also evaluate the 29 other cases that caused by the other pathogen as control group. We compared all of the relevant medical records and the treatment outcomes between the two groups. RESULTS: The mean of follow-up period was 33.7 months in the methicillin-resistant group and 28.4 months in the control group (p = 0.27). The causal pathogens in the methicillinresistant group were: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 10 cases, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) in 16 cases and Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) in two cases. The reimplantation rate was 92.8% and 89.6% in the methicillin-resistant and control group, respectively (p= 0.66). The rates of recurrent infection after reimplantation were 23.1% (6/26) in the methicillin-resistant group and 7.6% (2/26) in the control group (p= 0.12). The overall infection control rate was 71.4% (20/28) and 89.6% (26/29) in the methicillin-resistant and control group, respectively (p = 0.08). Both groups showed comparable baseline data on mean age, BMI, gender distribution, preoperative ESR/CRP/WBC and comorbidities. CONCLUSION: Two-stage revision procedure resulted in low infection control rate and high infection recurrency rate for the treatment of methicillin-resistant periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip. Development of the treatment strategy is needed to improve the outcome of methicillinresistant periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip.

This study examines the dynamics of language use, particularly the Dayak Maanyan language in Kalimantan, using the framework of language games in Wittgenstein's philosophy of language. This study focuses on analyzing the orientation of thought in the use of the Dayak Maanyan language, outlining the rules of games in its expressions, and evaluating the compatibility of Wittgenstein's concept of language games with the Dayak Maanyan language. Utilizing a qualitative approach through literature studies, data were collected from various relevant scientific publications on the Dayak language and culture, as well as Wittgenstein's theory of language games. The findings reveal that the Dayak Maanyan language, through its diverse dialects and communicative practices, serves not only as a tool for communication, but also as a medium for strengthening social identity and preserving cultural traditions. This language reflects the cultural values and social structures of the Dayak community, in which the meaning of language emerges from its contextual use in daily life and specific social practices. These results align with Wittgenstein's philosophical concept, which emphasizes that meaning arises from use. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between language, meaning, and social practices in multicultural societies, particularly in the Dayak community.

Sunlight control tools, such as shading devices, are used to improve buildings' thermal and visual conditions. One of the concerns about using shading devices is their potential to harm the visual appearance of buildings. This study aims to study the aesthetic perception of different shading devices while concurrently evaluating their energy performance. Augmented reality was used to place virtual shading devices onto a building's façade at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST). One hundred two students from JUST evaluated eight shading devices on a seven-step semantic differential scale. Participants comprised 49 students from Architecture and Design College and 53 students from other colleges. The energy efficiency of shading devices was tested using DesignBuilder. The results revealed that certain types of shading devices were perceived as more aesthetically pleasing than others. Architecture students and non-architecture students showed significant differences in their affective responses. Regarding shading devices, shape-morphing and horizontal-louvres devices are the most preferred by participants, while egg-crate devices are the least recommended. Regarding energy efficiency, results showed that the tested shading devices improved buildings' energy efficiency by 7% (vertical fins) to 17% (egg crate) compared to the base case and did not negatively impact their visual appearance.

Designing zero or near zero-energy residential buildings will considerably help in reducing the general energy consumption. Geographically, Jordan retains three different altitude zones with unique climatic conditions for each which imperatively entails deploying different approaches to attain near zero-energy houses. This study aims to investigate the best economic feasible design strategies that possibly lead to near zero-energy residential buildings. Based on the most common detached house design-layout and materials on each zone, three case study houses were designed. The research methodology was based on three levels of efficiency. By using Design Builder, each efficiency level was examined by three design strategies: passive, active, and renewable energy design strategies in order to improve the energy performance of the buildings. The results showed that implementing the three levels concurrently would result in achieving the nearly zero-energy houses with efficient cost and less than 10 years payback period. In the high-land altitude zone, the annual consumption of power was reduced from 79.1 kwh/m2 to -13.6 kwh/m2. For the medium altitude zone, the annual consumption dropped down from 78.8 kwh/m2 to -16.5 kwh/m2. Finally, the annual consumption of electricity in the low-latitude zone decreased from 75.7 kwh/m2 to -21.1 kwh/m2.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of 30 femoral head fractures. We modified Pipkin's classification into 4 types: I (5 cases) small fracture of head distal to fovea centralis, which was too small or too fragmented to be fixed with screws; II (18 cases), larger fracture of head distal to fovea centralis; III (4 cases), large fracture of head proximal to fovea centralis, and IV (3 cases), comminuted fracture of head. Excision of the head fragment was done in all 5 cases of type I and in 9 type II fractures. Fixation of the head fragment was performed in 9 type II and in all 4 type III cases. The femoral head was replaced in all 3 type IV fractures. After a mean follow-up of 3-10 years, the clinical outcome, according to Epstein et al.'s critieria, were excellent in 7, good in 15, fair in 4 and poor in 1, except in type IV, and the radiographic outcome was excellent in 15, good in 7, fair in 4 and poor in 1. On the basis of our findings, we conclude that excision of the small fragment is a good choice of treatment in type 1. Early accurate reduction with stable internal fixation in type II or III permits bony union. Arthroplasty seems to be indicated in type IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of olive polyphenols (200 mg/kg) on mature reproductive performance of male rats subjected to oxidative stress by 1%hydrogen peroxide. Twenty rats were divided randomly into four equal groups and treated for 30 days to control group C which were orally adminstrated ordinary tap water, while the first group (G1) was given 1% H2O2 in drinking water, the second group (G2) was treated orally alcoholic extract of polyphenol in olive (200mg/kg) by oral intubation. The third treated group (G3) was treated orally H2O2 and black olive fruit- polyphenol. Blood samples were collected after 30 days for measuring, the serum concentration of testosterone, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and leuitinizing hormone (LH). At the end of experiment, the animals were scarified and testis were removed, weighed as well as section from them were taken for histopathological study and the epididymis were taken for counting dead and live sperms. The results showed a significant increase in the weight of the testis in G2 group as compared to the control and significant decrease in the percentage of live sperms in (G1) group and significant increase in the percentage of dead sperms in H2O2 treated G1 group and control group. The results show significant differences in testosterone hormone concentration between treated groups and control group while there was known significant increased in concentration of luteinizing hormone between treated groups and control group. There was a significant decrease in FSH in treated (G1) group comparing with control group. The histological study showed edema and thickness of basement membrane of seminiferous tubules with incomplete spermatogenesis process in treated (G1) group, there were no lesions observed in other treated groups. Finally, the outcomes of of this study documented the advantageous effect of crude polyphenolic compounds of olive against the harmful effect of H2O2 on reproductive system of adult males rats.

The dominant theme me comes across in Bennabi’s writings is how essential it is to cultivate ideas. He argued that proficiency and efficacy in nurturing ideas is a vital sign of intellectual and cultural development. In elaborating the role of ideas in the development of civilization, he went to the extent of saying that a civilization ptospers only by the depth of its guiding ideas. I am in accord with Shaykh Diraz of al Azhar when, writing in his preface to Bennabi’s book The Qur’anic Phenomena, he praised him for the =titude of his judgment, the zeal of his conviction, the precision of his terminology, and the beauty of his style. Apart from their profound intellectual implications, the pronouncements of Bennabi caw deep personal meanings for me. These attributes of Bennabi’s writings make him one of the most erudite intellectuals of the Muslim world. Moreover, what I discern in these attributes is that they rightly portray him in his totality. To me he is not an intellectual or a recluse, simply captivated by the bliss of his own awakening and without an organic link with his faith. Most assuredly, his pen symbolizes his faith, his convictions, and his ideological strategy. More than anything else, it serves as a constant reminder of the inevitability of the inner struggle for both personal and collective evolution. Civilizations do not become great, acquire power, or wane by some mysterious flux of nature. A civilization is the translation of ideas into intellectual capacity and material means to organize one’s environment. Ideas make the practice of power possible. Ideas devise the practical tools for living in the world. And ideas question whether we have attained our goal or failed our potential. Bennabi tells us that those who do not have the moral courage to grasp the guiding ideas of their civilization have not only the repetition of history but their irrelevance to the mamh of time as their future. The Qur’an, the raison d’etre of the ummah, is not a mere invitation; it is the imperative to think and ...

Our understanding of science itself as a body of knowledge and as a system of analysis and research has changed over the last decades, just as over the last two centuries, or especially after the age of Enlightement in Europe, science has become more powerful, more sophisticated and complex. It is rather difficult to determine where science ends and where technology begins. In fact there is a gmwing awareness that the physical or nam sciences, as a means of studying and understanding nature, are relying on the more “humanistic“ and cultural approaches adopted by the social sciences or the humanities. The tradition of natural science is being challenged by new discoveries of the non-physical and non-natural sciences which go beyond the physical world. Certainly research is vital for the growth and development of all sciences that attempt to discover and understand the “secrets” of nature. The validity of any scientific theory depends on its research and methodological premises and even that-its proposition or theories (in the words of a leading cosmologist and theoretical physicist, Stephen Hawking) -is tentative. Hawlung says: “Any physical theory is always provisional, in the sense that it is only a hypothesis: you can never prove it. No matter how many times the results of experiments agree with some theory, you can never be sure that the next time the result will not contradict the theory. On the other hand, you can disprove a theory by finding even a single observation that disagrees with the predictions of the theory.” The history of Western science is rooted in the idea of finding the ’truth’ by objectivity. Nothing can be believed until there is a scientific proof of its existence, or until it can be logically accepted by the rational mind. The classical scenario of scientific work gives you an austere picture of heroic activity, undertaken against all odds, a ceaseless effort to subjugate hostile and menacing nature, and to tame its formidable forces. Science is depicted ...