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Copyright of Roa Iktissadia Review is the property of Roa Iktissadia Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mesure et Évaluation en Éducation is the property of ADMEE-Canada and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La présente recherche vise à expliquer l’effet de l’expérience universitaire (bourse, redoublement) sur la relation entre les caractéristiques de préadmission (profession du père, genre, lieu de naissance, âge à la première inscription, domaine d’étude, score à l’examen de fin du secondaire, délai d’inscription, réforme universitaire) et la persévérance aux études à la maîtrise en sciences, technologies, ingénierie et mathématiques (STIM) à une université au Burkina Faso. La régression de Cox et l’analyse moderne de médiation sont utilisées sur des données longitudinales de 14 cohortes d’étudiants (n = 13 891). Les résultats indiquent une médiation indirecte uniquement (profession du père [autre], domaine d’étude, âge à la première inscription); une médiation complémentaire (score à l’examen de fin du secondaire); une médiation compétitive (délai d’inscription, réforme universitaire); une absence de médiation (lien direct uniquement) pour le genre; et aucun effet médiateur pour le lieu de naissance et la profession salariée du père. Des programmes de bourses ainsi que des réformes et politiques adéquates visant à réduire le redoublement amélioreraient la persévérance aux études à la maîtrise en STIM.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of the university experience (scholarship, repetition) on the relationship between pre-entry attributes (father’s occupation, gender, place of birth, age at first enrollment, field of study in high school, graduate point average [GPA], university enrollment delay in the university, university reform) and academic persistence in master’s degree in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) at a university in Burkina Faso. Cox regression and modern mediation analyses are used on longitudinal data from 14 cohorts of freshmen (n = 13,891). Findings revealed indirect-only mediation (father’s occupation [other], field of study in high school, age at first enrollment), complementary mediation (GPA), competitive mediation (university enrollment delay, university reform), and an absence of mediation (direct-only) for gender. There is no mediating effect for the place of birth and the father’s salaried profession. Scholarship programs as well as appropriate reforms and policies aiming to reduce repetition are required to improve academic persistence in master’s degree in STEM.

Religion and spirituality seem to be very important for HIV-positive patients believers. Indeed, a recurring number of studies show strong correlations between religiosity/ spirituality of individuals and different dimensions of health. The majority of these studies show most positive associations of religiosity/spirituality to physical health through reducing emotional distress, reduced rates of depression, greater optimism, better psychological adjustment, better preservation of CD4 cells, better control of viral load (Jones, 2004; Koenig, 2012; Pargament, Koenig, Tarakeshwar, & Hahn, 2004; Parsons, Cruise, Davenport, & Jones, 2006; Szaflarski et al., 2006; Yi et al., 2006). The objective of this research is to understand the nature of the relationship between religiosity and emotional health among HIV-positive patients, migrants from sub-Saharan Africa. Religiosity, the frequency of depressive episodes and subjective health 81 asymptomatic HIV patients regularly followed, were evaluated. Regression models and mediation, backed by a resampling procedure (5000) were tested. From mediation analyzes, the results show that through the mediating effect of subjective health, religiosity explains a decrease in the number of depressive episodes in people with HIV migrants from sub- Saharan Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) impacts the autonomic nervous system and cognitive functions related to activities of daily living, including driving an automobile. Although CVD has been linked to unsafe driving, mechanisms underlying this relationship remain elusive. The aim of this study was to examine the role of cognitive functions and the autonomic nervous system as potential mediators of driving performance. Nineteen individuals having recently suffered a cardiac event and 16 individuals with no history of CVD completed a simulated drive using a STISIM simulator to assess driving performance. Heart rate was recorded throughout testing using a Polar RS800CX heart rate monitor, and measures of executive, orienting, and alerting functions were obtained through the Attention Network Test. We used the Baron and Kenny analysis method to assess potential mediating effects of the relationship between CVD and driving performance. Executive function was the only potential mediator investigated to be associated with driving ( p < 0.01) and CVD ( p < 0.05); however, it did not appear to play a mediating role ( p = 0.28). These results suggest that individuals with CVD exhibit decrements in complex cognitive tasks such as driving and that further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]