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Supporting socio-economically disadvantaged students to improve their academic resilience is vital in promoting social mobility and halting intergenerational transmission of poverty. Based on the baseline data 2013-2014 from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) database, this paper examined the impact of preschool education experience on academic resilience of disadvantaged students using coarsened exact matching (CEM) and hierarchical logistic regression. Research findings show that disadvantaged children have less access to preschool education than their advantaged peers, with a kindergarten attendance rate lower than 70%; that preschool education can significantly improve children's cognitive ability and effectively predict academic resilience of disadvantaged students; and that preschool education is a better predictor of resilience of rural disadvantaged students than that of their urban counterparts. The government should reinforce subsidies for early childhood education that can serve as compensation for disadvantaged kids; and should further universalize preschool education to secure the opportunity of high-quality pre-primary school education for disadvantaged children.

The article analyzes the concepts of «information» and «information technologies», since today the issues of development and improvement of information technologies are particularly relevant. This state of affairs requires a thorough understanding of basic concepts. The article states that information technologies represent a set of methods and ways of obtaining, processing and providing information in the interests of various users and consumers. In the modern conditions of the functioning of society and the state, information technologies are an effective tool for improving management processes in various spheres. It was emphasized that modern information technologies require the ability to competently work with information and information systems. In addition, the implementation of the specified works requires orientation in the types of information technologies. The main types of information technologies are summarized: information technologies of data processing; management information technologies; information technologies of the automated office; information technologies of expert systems. The functions of information and information technologies performed by one or another type of information technology are highlighted. This will only help in working with information technology, which does not require complex preparation, large costs and complex equipment. It has been established that information technologies occupy an important place in the life of a modern person. Today, there are practically no areas in which information technologies are not used. It has been proven that the active development of information technologies and their implementation have increased the speed of information exchange. This made it possible to carry out complex calculations in a very short time. In addition, information technologies have become one of the modern methods of communication, the main advantages of which are universal accessibility. The development of information technologies made it possible to obtain any necessary information in a short period of time. Modern information technologies have become the personification of the latest achievements of science and technology. The resulting hybrid marked a revolutionary leap in the history of information technologies. It was established that such information saturation not only changes the world, but also creates new problems that could not even be predicted. In particular, modern society is overflowing with various streams of information, as a result of which it will never be able to function normally.

Abstract Objectives This study aims to identify the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery and to investigate the relationship between patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and PPCs. Design A retrospective study. Method Clinical data and demographic information of elderly patients (aged ≥ 60 years) who underwent upper abdominal surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively collected. Patients with PPCs were identified using the Melbourne Group Scale Version 2 scoring system. A directed acyclic graph was used to identify the potential confounders, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors for PPCs. Propensity score matching was utilized to compare PPC rates between patients with and without PCA, as well as between intravenous PCA (PCIA) and epidural PCA (PCEA) groups. Results A total of 1,467 patients were included, with a PPC rate of 8.7%. Multivariable analysis revealed that PCA was an independent protective factor for PPCs in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery (odds ratio = 0.208, 95% confidence interval = 0.121 to 0.358; P

Objective: To provide theoretical basis and basic research data for the technological development of inoculated Chinese traditional fermented fish, Mei yu, the effects of inoculated fermentation with Lactobacillus sake JXNU1-3 on the quality of Mei yu were investigated. Methods: The sensory evaluation, color, texture and composition of volatile flavor compounds of Mei yu prepared by traditional fermentation and inoculated fermentation with Lactobacillus sakei JXNU1-3 with different salt concentration during fermentation were compared by sensory evaluation, electronic nose, texture analyzer and solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPEM/GC-MS). Result: It was showed that inoculated fermented Mei yu with a salt concentration of 2% and fermentation time of 3 days had better color, texture, and higher sensory score. The inoculated fermented Mei yu had lower response values to sulfides and methylated compounds compared with the traditional fermented Mei yu. Further, the main flavor substances and key flavor components of these two fermented fish samples were similar. However, compared with inoculated fermented Mei yu, isoamyl alcohol (sour odor) and 2-acetylpyrrole (musty odor) compounds were only detected in traditional fermented Mei yu. Conclusions: Compared with traditional fermentation, inoculated fermentation could reduce the corruption degree and improve the sensory quality of Mei yu, which indicated that Lactobacillus sakei JXNU1-3 could be used as a good starter culture for the development of inoculated fermentation technology of Mei yu.

Abstract The retina, an anatomical extension of the brain, forms physiological connections with the visual cortex of the brain. Although retinal structures offer a unique opportunity to assess brain disorders, their relationship to brain structure and function is not well understood. In this study, we conducted a systematic cross-organ genetic architecture analysis of eye-brain connections using retinal and brain imaging endophenotypes. We identified novel phenotypic and genetic links between retinal imaging biomarkers and brain structure and function measures from multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with many associations involving the primary visual cortex and visual pathways. Retinal imaging biomarkers shared genetic influences with brain diseases and complex traits in 65 genomic regions, with 18 showing genetic overlap with brain MRI traits. Mendelian randomization suggests bidirectional genetic causal links between retinal structures and neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Overall, our findings reveal the genetic basis for eye-brain connections, suggesting that retinal images can help uncover genetic risk factors for brain disorders and disease-related changes in intracranial structure and function.

Abstract Background There is limited data on the 2-year outcomes of transapical transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TA-TEER) using the ValveClamp in patients with severe primary mitral regurgitation (MR) and its impact on myocardial deformation. Methods From July 2018 to March 2021, 53 patients with symptomatic severe primary MR underwent TA-TEER were enrolled. The endpoint was the composite of all-cause mortality, recurrent 3 + or 4 + MR, or need for mitral surgery. Results Among the 53 patients who had successfully ValveClamp implantation, 8(15.1%) reached the composite endpoint. Significant improvement in left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, NYHA functional class, and MR severity were observed (P

Objective The most common causes of plantar and heel pain are plantar fasciitis and calcaneal spurs, and they often co‐exist. Surgery is a recognized treatment for refractory plantar fasciitis. However, few studies have proposed treatment options for patients with metatarsophalangeal fasciitis with bone spurs. Accordingly, this study's purpose was to propose a four‐step surgical regimen, and to improve the surgical outcome of plantar fasciitis with osteophytes and to establish a procedure for surgical treatment. Methods Retrospective analysis of 45 patients suffering from plantar fasciitis with bone spurs from 2020 to 2023. All patients underwent a four‐step procedure, including plantar fascia release, calcaneal spur grinding, inflammatory tissue removal, and calcaneal burr decompression. The imaging parameters and functional scores were recorded before and after the operation. The objective evaluation included the measurement of calcaneal spur length on radiographs. Clinical evaluation included the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS), the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Foot and Ankle Outcome Scale (FAOS). Measurement data that conformed to normal distribution were expressed as (x2 ± s), and pre‐and postoperative AOFAS, FAOS, and VAS scores were compared using repeated‐measures ANOVA, and preoperative and postoperative spur lengths were compared using paired t‐tests. Results The 45 patients were followed up for 3 to 30 months, (17.72 ± 8.53) months, at final follow‐up, the patient's AOFAS score improved from preoperative (74.93 ± 5.56) to (94.78 ± 3.98), FAOS score increased from preoperative (76.42 ± 3.37) to (96.16 ± 2.74), the VAS score decreased from (3.18 ± 0.54) to (1.07 ± 1.20) (p

Objective This study aims to develop a prognosis prediction model and visualization system for acute paraquat poisoning based on an improved machine learning model. Methods 101 patients with acute paraquat poisoning admitted to 6 hospitals from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected for this study. After expiry of the treatment period (one year of follow-up for survivors and up to the time of death for deceased patients) and they were categorized into the survival group (n = 37) and death group (n = 64). The biochemical indexes of the patients were analyzed, and a prognosis prediction model was constructed using HHO-XGBoost, an improved machine-learning algorithm. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to verify the value of the self-screening features in the model. Results Seven features were selected in the HHO-XGBoost model, including oral dose, serum creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, urea nitrogen level, and thrombin time. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between these features’ survival and death groups (P

To determine the effect of ignition height on indoor flame spread behavior and overpressure development, a comprehensive full-scale deflagration testing facility was established. Extensive experimental research was conducted within this facility. The findings indicate that indoor flame reignition and the occurrence of secondary explosions are most pronounced with intermediate ignition. Furthermore, the explosion overpressure generated during the reverse turn of shock wave propagation is greater than that produced by the forward turn. In comparison to the peak overpressure Pext in the master bedroom for top, middle, and bottom ignition, the peak overpressure Pext in the second bedroom increased by approximately 14.48 %, 15.04 %, and 19.20 %, respectively. When comparing middle ignition to top ignition, the propagation speed of shock waves in the kitchen balcony, restroom, second bedroom, and master bedroom was enhanced by 34.21 %, 40.85 %, 40.70 %, and 34.65 %, respectively. Furthermore, when comparing middle ignition to bottom ignition, the propagation speed of shock waves in these areas experienced a significant increase of 126.32 %, 124.39 %, 123.26 %, and 113.86 %, respectively. These research findings provide a theoretical foundation and empirical data to support the investigation and analysis of the causes of indoor gas explosion incidents.

Benzophenone-4 (BP-4), a widely utilized organic ultraviolet (UV) filter, is recognized as a pseudo-persistent contaminant in aquatic environments. To elucidate the effects and mechanisms of BP-4 on marine diatoms, an investigation was conducted on the growth rate, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, cellular structure, and transcriptome profile of the model species, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The results showed a pronounced inhibition of algal growth upon exposure to BP-4, with a 144 h-EC50 value of 201 mg·L−1. In addition, BP-4 exposure resulted in a significant reduction in biomass, disruption of cell membrane integrity, and increased MDA accumulation, with levels escalating 3.57-fold at 125 mg·L−1 of BP-4. In the BP-4-treated samples, 1556 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 985 were upregulated and 571 were downregulated. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the carbon fixation and carbon metabolism processes in P. tricornatum were disrupted in response to BP-4 exposure, along with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The upregulation of genes associated with photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll and carotenoids) synthesis, phospholipid synthesis, ribosome biogenesis, and translation-related pathways may be regarded as a component of P. tricornatum's tolerance mechanism towards BP-4. These results provide preliminary insights into the toxicity and tolerance mechanisms of BP-4 on P. tricornatum. They will contribute to a better understanding of the ecotoxicological impacts of BP-4 on the marine ecosystem and provide valuable information for elimination of BP-4 in aquatic environment by bioremediation.

Akkermansia muciniphila (Akk) is an important probiotic that can help alleviate metabolic disorders. Recent research indicates that pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila (P-Akk) is even more effective. To investigate the effect of P-Akk on improving lipid metabolism disorders caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) in fish, zebrafish were fed two HFDs containing 0 (HFD group, as control) and 1 × 109 CFU/g P-Akk (P-Akk group) for 28 days. The addition of P-Akk significantly decreased the number of lipid droplets in the liver and improved the mitochondrial structure in the intestine, while also altering gene expression related to lipid metabolism in HFD-fed zebrafish. Furthermore, intestinal transcriptomic network analysis and results from primary intestinal cells indicated that P-Akk may enhance mitochondrial function by activating the AMPK/PGC1α pathway. Although P-Akk did not significantly alter the composition of the gut microbiota, it did increase the steady-state index of intestinal microbiota. Moreover, P-Akk upregulated the abundance of beneficial probiotics, (Plesiomonas, Cetobacterium, and Bacillus), while downregulating the abundance of pathogens (Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Streptococcus). Collectively, these findings indicate that P-Akk has the potential to serve as a green and safe feed additive for improving HFD-induced lipid metabolism disorders in fish.

This study proposes a new method to assess the bearing capacity of similar bridges while avoiding the disadvantages of costly static loading tests. First, we present a detailed evaluation of the bearing capacity for a repaired pre-stressed concrete continuous-beam bridge following a ship collision. We have developed a finite element model, modified it, and combined with two other methods to evaluate its bearing capacity. The first method proposed is the bridge design code-based method, where the bearing capacity is assessed using specified design parameters. The second is the field test-based method, where the bearing capacity is evaluated using field tests combined with structural appearance observation. Considering the relative merits of these two methods, a new and improved method for bearing capacity evaluation is proposed and implemented by combining the design code, finite element model, and field loading tests. The innovation and contribution of this paper lie in obtaining modal parameters through a convenient dynamic load test to predict the static behaviour of the bridge structure based on the modified finite element model. Based on the dynamic test results, the static behaviour of the bridge, predicted by the modified finite element analysis, and the appearance test data of the bridge structure, the bearing capacity of the bridge structure is evaluated.