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Introduction: The cancer patients are at a high risk of developing perioperative complications. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a non-invasive, perioperative risk stratification tool that predicts perioperative morbidity and mortality. Prior literature has concluded that CPET has a valuable role in predicting post-operative complications in major surgical procedures. However, the data on the effectiveness of CPET in evaluating the perioperative risk in cancer-specific populations are limited. This study assessed the usefulness of CPET in perioperative risk stratification of patients with thoracoabdominal cancer who underwent elective major thoracoabdominal surgeries. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted on cancer patients that underwent pre-operative CPET at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan, from September 2017 to September 2019. All adult male and female patients with a significant medical history for cancer of the thoracoabdominal region who underwent CPET before a major thoracoabdominal surgery were included in the study. Results: A total of 32 patients were included in the present investigation. The mean age of the sample was 62.75 ± 10.18 years, and the majority of the participants were female. Following surgery, 53% of the participants had post-operative complications in terms of morbidity and mortality. Fifteen participants had an anaerobic threshold (AT) of ≥11.0 ml/ kg/min. Among these, 12 participants had an uneventful surgery. On the contrary, among 17 participants that were considered to have a high risk (