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Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a chorioretinal disease that is characterized by central vision loss and is usually seen in middle-aged males. It has been associated with the use of various drugs, including corticosteroids and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. We present the case of a 36-year-old male who developed CSCR after a few weeks of irregular use of quetiapine for his sleep problems. The clinical findings of the patient improved shortly after he stopped using the drug, and at the end of the two-month period complete recovery was observed. Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic that exerts its effects on dopamine and serotonin receptors. There are studies showing that these neurotransmitters may play a role in the control of choroidal vascular permeability, which is the underlying cause of CSCR. Therefore, we believe that quetiapine may have a causal relationship with CSCR. To our knowledge, this is the first case report documenting full recovery from quetiapine associated CSCR.

Chemicals used for seed treatments help to increase the agricultural production by preventing pests and pathogens but also cause environmental and health problems. Thus, environmentally-friendly technologies need to be developed for a seed treatment that inactivates surface microflora and improves seed vigor. One such pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment applied to cucumber seeds in the range of 1.07-17.28 Joule (J) significantly enhanced a mean germination rate (MGR) by up to 9%, a normal seedling rate by 25.73%, and a resistance to 100 and 200 mM salt stresses by 96% and 91.67%, respectively, with a stronger and faster growth of roots and seedlings. PEF treatment provided 3.34 and 3.22 log-reductions in the surface microflora of total mold and yeast and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, respectively. The electrical conductivity (EC) values of the control samples increased over time, from 4 to 24 h. Those of the PEF-treated samples after 4, 12, and 24th hours were also more affected by the measurement time not by the PEF treatment.

In the present note, we have given a new integral identity via Conformable fractional integrals and some further properties. We have proved some integral inequalities for different kinds of convexity via Conformable fractional integrals. We have also showed that special cases of our findings gave some new inequalities involving Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals.

Background: Achievement goal theory is a popular motivational theory within education and psychology, with several review papers summarizing the extensive work done in these fields. Although reviews exist in these specific fields, none exists within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. This is a considerable gap in our knowledge as STEM educators, especially engineering educators, where motivation is often ill-defined. Purpose: This paper highlights the findings of a systematic review of how STEM educators have used achievement goal theory within undergraduate STEM education. Scope/Method: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist for our search. A total of 50 studies (43 journal articles and 7 conference proceedings) were included in our review. Results: Our review revealed five common themes: quantitative methodologies, sex, emotions, academic achievement, and culture. A majority of the papers reviewed used quantitative methods. Although there was inconclusive evidence of differences in motivational orientations based on biological sex, the most studied emotion (anxiety) was found to be inversely correlated with mastery orientations. Among the many ways to measure academic achievement, exam scores was the most popular method reported. Lastly, ethnic, institutional, and department cultures were significant factors in shaping a student's motivational orientation. Conclusions: Our review suggests that a motivational difference between students based on biological sex is inconclusive. We also recommend more studies that use qualitative or mixed methodologies to gain further insight into students' motivational processes and consider how cultural contexts may impact students' motivational orientations.

In this paper, we obtain some new inequalities for functions whose second derivatives’ absolute value is s−convex and log −convex. Also, we give some applications for numerical integration.

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effectiveness of the explicit teaching method using "Augmented Reality (AR)" in teaching sensory organs to students with "Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)". The participants of this research are consist of three male students with ASD. They are attending Special Education Vocational School. The design of this research is the multiple probe design with probe conditions across subjects. The dependent variable of the research is the learning level of the structure and functions of the sensory organs of the students with ASD. The independent variable is the explicit teaching method using AR. The findings indicated that the explicit teaching method using AR is effective in teaching the structure and functions of the sensory organs in three students with ASD. It was revealed that the participants maintained their acquisitions about sensory organs they learned in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks. Additionally, generalization data indicated that three students with ASD generalized the skills they learned.

Serkan Dundar,1 Abubekir Eltas,2 Sema S Hakki,3 Sıddık Malkoc,4 M Ozay Uslu,2 Mehmet Tuzcu,5 James Komorowski,6 I Hanifi Ozercan,7 Fatih Akdemir,8 Kazim Sahin9 1Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig, 2Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, 3Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, 4Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, 5Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey; 6Research & Development, Nutrition 21 Inc., Purchase, NY, USA; 7Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 8Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Inonu University, Malatya, 9Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Abstract: The purpose of this study was to induce experimental periodontitis in rats previously fed diets containing arginine silicate inositol (ASI) complex and examine the biochemical, immunological, and radiological effects. Fifty two 8-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups. The control group included those fed a standard rat diet with no operation performed during the experiment. The periodontitis, ASI I, and ASI II groups were subjected to experimental periodontitis induction for 11 days after being fed a standard rat diet alone, a diet containing 1.81 g/kg ASI complex, or a diet containing 3.62 g/kg ASI complex, respectively, for 8 weeks. Throughout the 11-day duration of periodontitis induction, all rats were fed standard feed. The rats were euthanized on the eleventh day, and their tissue and blood samples were collected. In the periodontitis group, elevated tissue destruction parameters and reduced tissue formation parameters were found, as compared to the ASI groups. Levels of enzymes, cytokines, and mediators associated with periodontal tissue destruction were lower in rats fed a diet containing ASI complex after experimental periodontitis. These results indicate that ASI complex could be an alternative agent for host modulation. Keywords: arginine silicate inositol complex, experimental periodontitis, host modulation, micro-computed tomography, periodontal infection

Since its first description from Madagaskar, there are about 16 living (Recent) species of the genus Zonocypris reported from Afrotropical, Neotropical and Palearctic regions. Similarly, there are about 16 fossil with two (sub)species of the genus known from the Early Cretaceous (e.g., India, France, Russia, China, Brazil) to Holocene (e.g., Albania). Among the species, the only species known with fossil and living species is Zonocypris costata. In Turkey, Zonocypris membranae with two subspecies (Z. m. membranae,Z. m. quadricella) is the only fossil species known while living individuals of Z. costata were encountered the southeast Anatolia. Additionally, Zonocypris mardinensis n. sp. is now proposed as a new species which shows clear differences in the soft body parts (e.g., aesthetasc ya in A1, knife-type G2 claw, shapes of clasping organs and hemipenis) and carapace structure (e.g., LV with extension, RV with posterior denticles). Overall, living species reported herein seem to inhabit comparatively warm (15–30 °C) within the ranges of slightly acidic to alkaline (pH 6.81–8.44) and low to well oxygenated waters (3.05–18.8 mg/l) where they can tolerate salinity (electrical conductivity 103–1910 μS/cm) values within a limited elevational range (336–991 m). Our results suggest that geographic distribution of the living species of the genus is limited within southern parts of Turkey while fossil forms seem to exhibit much wider distribution in northern parts. Anatolian Diagonal as physical barrier may be considered to play a critical role on separating fossil (east-north regions) and extant (southeast region) species of the genus in Turkey. This is the first supportive evidence provided by the species of the genus Zonocypris that geographic barrier could have played the main role on its distribution.

Language education evolves and is shaped by the needs of the generations as well as the contemporary realities of the world. Today, humanity faces with rapid developments and innovations in technology and science. These realities shape the society and each community in the world. In this regard, the term Generation Z (Gen Z) has emerged. Gen Z has its own dynamics and realities which, in turn, entails new issues in learning and teaching. It is not possible to implement classical and obsolete techniques and ways while teaching English to Gen Z. Current paper is an attempt to investigate the theoretical and practical issues of teaching English to Gen Z.

Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the long-term effects of botulinum toxin A (BTA) in patients diagnosed with benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and hemifacial spasm (HFS) comparing the drug dose in early and late periods and mean duration of relief. Materials and Methods: The records of patients who were treated with BTA for BEB and HFS were analyzed retrospectively. The patients who had

Pathological upgrading poses a significant challenge in treatment decision-making, particularly for patients considered for active surveillance (AS). This study aimed to devise a novel scoring system to predict the risk of upgrading in patients with biopsy Gleason grade group 1 prostate cancer. We conducted a retrospective review of 235 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between February 2014 and June 2022. Data on patient age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, body mass index, clinical T-stage, prior biopsy history, Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) score, time interval from biopsy to surgery, and pathological outcomes were collected. After a comprehensive review of the literature, multivariate analyses identified seven factors associated with upgrading in prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy: uninformative prior biopsy sample, PSA level, greatest percentage of tumor involvement, radiological PIRADS score, age, delay from biopsy to surgery and extension of positive cores. These factors were integrated into our devised U.P.G.R.A.D.E. model to form a scoring system. The U.P.G.R.A.D.E. score was calculated based on the cumulative score of these variables. The predictive performance of the U.P.G.R.A.D.E. scoring system was assessed, revealing a cohort with a mean age of 64.22 ± 5.88 years and a mean PSA value of 8.92 ± 5.05 ng/mL. The pathological samples of 95 patients (40.6%) were upgraded, and the upgraded patients exhibited significantly higher U.P.G.R.A.D.E. scores (p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve for the U.P.G.R.A.D.E. scoring system demonstrated robust predictive ability for upgrading (AUROC = 0.952; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 0.926–0.978; p < 0.001). In addition, a higher U.P.G.R.A.D.E. score was strongly associated with an increased risk of upgrading in biopsy Gleason grade group 1 patients, suggesting potential limitations for active surveillance eligibility in these individuals. Further validation studies are warranted to confirm these initial findings.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are injuries with a high incidence in athletes, and ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is a surgical treatment orthopedists perform. This study aims to compare the 6 and 12 months post-op results of single leg hop tests (SLHT) performed in multidirectional conventional semitendinosus/gracilis (ST/G) and modified all inside (MAI) ACLR techniques on both sides and the limb symmetry indexes (LSI) of both techniques. This study evaluated a retrospective cohort of 50 male athletes who applied MAI (n = 23) and traditional ACLR ST/G (n = 27) techniques. Functional knee strength of the participants on both sides was measured with different SLHTs at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The SLHT included medial side (MSTH), triple hop (TH), medial rotation (90°) (MRH), crossover triple (CH) ve the single hop (SH) hop for distance. Both ACLR techniques showed significant improvement in mean Tegner, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm scores preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). For MAI and ST/G techniques, there was no significant difference in the results of SLHTs at 6 and 12 months for both the operated and non-operated sides (p < 0.05). Significance was found only in the MRH test of the non-operated side (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in SLHT scores between the operated and non-operated sides at 6 and 12 months postoperatively (p > 0.05). There was no difference in LSI scores between techniques (p < 0.05). Our study revealed similar LSI rates in ST/G and MAI techniques at 6 and 12 months, suggesting that MAI technique can be used as a functional ACLR technique for athletes.

Inappropriate sexual behaviors may be observed in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), especially during adolescence. There are several undesired consequences of exhibiting such behaviors in public spaces, such as schools. The competencies and attitudes of special education teachers, who are responsible for the education of individuals with ID, are of significant influence. This study was conducted to investigate the views of special education teachers working with adolescents with ID on inappropriate sexual behaviors exhibited in educational settings. Accordingly, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 special education teachers. The phenomenological research design, one of the qualitative research methods, and thematic analysis were used in this study. Five themes were identified after the analysis of the findings of the study, namely, common behaviors, teacher attitudes, teacher competencies, teacher interventions, and educational content. The findings were discussed on the basis of the relevant studies in the literature and a number of conclusions were reached. Accordingly, the inappropriate sexual behaviors that special education teachers encounter the most frequently are masturbation, undressing, and touching, and when these behaviors are exhibited aggressively, teachers have difficulty in intervening. Participants regard themselves to be incompetent in terms of sexual education and consider relevant educational content inadequate.

Climate change has emerged as a pressing concern affecting nations worldwide, particularly within the African continent, including Benin. Given that maize stands as a staple cereal in Benin, this research to assess the impact and predict the effects of climate change on maize production by the year 2050. To attain this objective, an assortment of data encompassing climatic conditions, demographic factors, fertilizer application levels, and emissions of environmental pollutants has been collected and analyzed. The data analysis based on ARDL and ARIMA models has unveiled those variables such as emissions of CO2 and CH4 through food waste, peak temperatures, precipitation patterns, and rural population density exert considerable immediate influence over maize production volumes. The predictive models portend an upswing in national maize production volume, albeit accompanied by a probable decline in per capita availability. Policies aimed at controlling activities that generate high levels of air pollutants should be formulated to increase production capacities.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between special education teacher candidates' selfefficacy beliefs and their technological pedagogical content knowledge levels. In this study, in which descriptive and relational research design was used, the participant group consisted of 446 special education teacher candidates from three universities. The Teacher Self-Efficacy Belief Scale (SSPS) and the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Scale (TPACKS) were used to collect the data. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS package program and using parametric tests. It has been observed that the academic competence dimension, which is one of the sub-dimensions of special education teacher candidates, differs significantly according to the age and class variables, and the vocational competence dimension differs significantly according to the gender variable. It was understood that the TPACK scores differed in favor of the older age and class according to the age and class variables. It has been reported that there is a positive and significant relationship between SAS scores and TPACK scores, and that TPACK mean scores explain 18% of self-efficacy beliefs. It has been concluded that as the education level and life experience of the special education teacher candidates are above the average, both self-efficacy belief and technology knowledge increase.

The coexistence of different types of wide QRS complex tachycardias induced by the same trigger has rarely been observed. The electrical instability and incessant nature of tachycardias can cause tachycardiomyopathy and will not allow accurate diagnosis during an electrophysiological study (EPS). In case of an electrical storm, elimination of the trigger may be the first approach to provide patient stability. We report a successfully managed case of repetitive initiation of pleomorphic ventricular tachycardia and Mahaim-type antidromic atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia, induced by a premature ventricular complex in the right ventricular outflow tract.

While the aircraft is moving in the opposite direction of the flow in the air, the wind resistance and the moment effect due to this resistance negatively affect the flight performance. In design studies, it is aimed to increase aerodynamic performance by minimizing these two negative factors. In this study, the effect of wing cross section and three-dimensional airfoil on aerodynamic performance is investigated numerically. Within the scope of this study, to reach the intended design, biomimetic design approach was used and new-wing designs were created to mimic the bird species’ wings, which have the highest aerodynamic performance in nature. Based on the literature search for two-dimensional wing section selection, it was seen that the most preferred sections were identified and compared with the wing section of the Cessna 172 aircraft (NACA2412) in flow analysis. In the flow analysis conducted in the XFLR5 program, the aerodynamic performances of the wing sections at Reynolds value and angle of attack were investigated. According to this analysis, the aerodynamic efficiency of the NACA2412 section was higher than that of the other sections. In the three-dimensional flow analysis, biomimetic wing designs and the wing of the Cessna 172 aircraft were examined in the XFLR5 program at a cruising speed and angle of attack. It was observed that the aerodynamic efficiency of the wing design, which is inspired by the albatross, is higher than the other designs. Owing to the flow analysis, the albatross wing design provided 6.26% improvement in the lift coefficient, 15.73% in drag coefficient and 15.16% improvement in the glide ratio compared to the Cessna 172 aircraft wing design. For structural analysis, the pressure values obtained from the flow analysis results were used as the load distribution on the wing. In the designs created using the same material, it was observed that the weight of the wing inspired by the albatross was 34.156% less weight and 50.902% less deformation value obtained compared to Cessna 172 aircraft.

As population increases, one of the factors affecting life is traffic. Efficient traffic management has a direct positive impact on issues such as time, carbon dioxide emissions, and fuel consumption. Today, an important parameter under the heading of traffic is the signalling systems for intersections, which are operated with fixed-time, semi-actuated, fully actuated, and fully adaptive control methods. In this study, an adaptive traffic management model is developed for signalised intersections. The adaptive traffic management model developed includes phase extension with minimum and maximum time intervals dependent on density and phase skip features. Additionally, the most distinctive feature of the model is its flexible phase structure rather than a sequential phase. The Heybe intersection, located within the boundaries of Antalya province, is modelled one-to-one in the simulation of urban mobility (SUMO) simulation programme with real intersection data. The developed adaptive traffic management model is applied to the Heybe intersection, and the effects of the model are revealed. Improvements obtained from the SUMO simulation programme were verified through visual inspection, and high-accuracy results were determined. As a result of the studies, it was found that the application of the adaptive traffic management model developed at Heybe intersection, which has approximately 50,000 vehicles passing daily, resulted in a 27.2 % improvement in the average delay per vehicle parameter, a 32.4 % improvement in the average waiting time per vehicle parameter, and a 16.7 % improvement in the average speed per vehicle parameter.

This study examines various variables that affect pre-service teachers' perceptions of corporate reputation and corporate reputation. In the research, a descriptive survey model was applied. 680 students studying in various departments and classes of Atatürk University Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education in the 2011-2012 academic year participated in the study. The research data were collected using the Corporate Reputation Scale developed by Fombrun, Gardberg and Sever (2000) and adapted to Turkish by Altintas (2005). In the analysis of the data, frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were used. According to the findings obtained from the study, it was observed that the perceptions of the corporate reputation of the pre-service teachers did not differ according to the variables of gender, academic success, age, economic status, department selection decision, and significantly differentiated according to the variables of relationship with teaching staff. Based on the research results, suggestions were made to practitioners and researchers.