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Copyright of Balikesir Health Sciences Journal / Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Balikesir Health Sciences Journal (BAUN Health Sci J) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge about the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), HPV testing and HPV vaccinations and affecting factors among nursing and medical students and explore their attitudes regarding HPV vaccination. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 635 undergraduate nursing and medical students from March to June 2020 at a state university in Turkey. The data were collected using the Questionnaire Form and HPV Knowledge Scale (HPV-KS). The HPV-KS mean scores of the students were 17.07 ± 6.95. The students were aged 26 and over, females, had good economic status, registered at the faculty of medicine, at higher year of studies, had sexual experience and recommended HPV vaccination got higher knowledge scores regarding HPV, HPV testing and HPV vaccination (p ˂.05). Despite low vaccination rate (2.0%), almost all the students recommended the HPV vaccine (95.9%). Sex, place of residence, faculty (departments), and year of study are among the significant predictor of knowledge about HPV, HPV testing and HPV vaccinations level up to 39% (p ˂.05). This study highlights the need for further education and training are required to increase the knowledge about HPV, HPV testing and HPV vaccination, which may help increase awareness and improve the ratio of vaccination. What is already known on this subject? Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases and most likely to cause cervical cancer. Prophylactic vaccine administrations is critical in primary protection from HPV. What the results of this study add? The study revealed the needs for education among nursing and medical students about HPV, HPV testing and HPV vaccines. Knowledge regarding HPV, HPV testing and HPV vaccines is statistically significantly associated with age, sex, economic status, place of residence, faculty, year of study, sexual experience and recommending HPV vaccines. Sex, place of residence, faculty, and year of study are among the statistically significant positive predictors for HPV knowledge. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Educators should increase education and/or training opportunities related to HPV among nursing and medical students who are the future healthcare providers and in the risky group for HPV during undergraduate education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 fear, anxiety and depression on pregnant women. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional, correlational research was conducted with 335 pregnant women from June to October 2020 at the antenatal outpatient clinics of a university hospital. Data were collected using Description Form, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Results: The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale average scores were 21.12±6.56, 6.39±5.48 and 8.13±9.13, respectively, indicating pregnant women' levels of COVID-19 fear were moderately high and their anxiety and depression levels were moderate. Overall, 14.0% of pregnant women had depression risk and 42.4% had symptoms of anxiety (26.3% low level, 10.4% moderate level and 5.7% high level). A positive, significant relationship was found between the COVID-19 fear level and depression (r=0.207, p<0.001), and anxiety level (r=0.135, p<0.013). COVID- 19 fear and anxiety significantly predicted the risk of depression (β=0.17, p<0.001; β=0.43, p<0.001) and they explain 24% of the variance in depression. Conclusion: The level of COVID-19 fear increased anxiety and depression risk in pregnant women. In this context, it seems that using effective interventions to decrease of COVID-19 fear may help in reducing anxiety and risk of depression among pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a reproductive health course on sexual myths, sexual attitudes and gender perceptions of university students. A quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design was conducted among 222 undergraduate students. Data were collected using a questionnaire form, the Sexual Myths Scale, the Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale and the Perception of Gender Scale. Comparison of pre-test with post-test results showed that the course achieved an improvement in sexual attitudes (p < 0.001), a positive effect on gender perceptions (p < 0.05) and a decrease in sexual myth beliefs (p < 0.001) among participants. The results indicate the importance of educating young people about reproductive health. Courses on reproductive and sexual health should be integrated into the curriculum of first year undergraduate education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV) during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,036 women in Turkey who were either married or had an intimate partner. The data were collected between June 20 and July 10, 2020. Experience of any form of IPV (physical (10.1%), sexual (4.0%), psychological (32.2%) or economic (11.5%) was reported by 35.5% of the participants. Regression analyses revealed that exposure to IPV during the pandemic was significantly associated with being married, having children, unemployment, poor marital/relationship satisfaction, an increased workload in the household and the negative effect of quarantine on mood (p < 0.05). Educational programs need to be prepared for the prevention of IPV during the COVID-19 pandemic and for the acquisition of protective behaviors toward women victims of IPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine the nursing students' sexual myths and attitudes regarding sexuality, and to explore their views towards sexual care in practice. Design and Methods: A mixed‐method sequential explanatory design was used. Data were collected using Questionnaire Form, Sexual Myths Scale (SMS), Sexual Attitude and Beliefs Scale (SABS), and Focus‐Group Interview Form. Findings: The average scores on the SMS and the SABS were 58.66 ± 18.74 and 37.50 ± 6.97, respectively, indicating students' sexual myths and their attitudes regarding sexuality were moderate. A positive, significant correlation was found between SMS and SABS scores (p < 0.001). In the interviews, the views on the barriers and facilitators in sexual care and the negative effect of sexual myths on sexual care were revealed. Practice Implications: Courses regarding sexuality should include into nursing curriculum from the first years of undergraduate education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Birth is a crucial event in a woman's life. Mode of birth preference women' can be affected by many physiological, psychological and sociocultural factors. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the nulliparous women's perceptions of birth, experiences for mode of birth preference and decision-making processes. Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was chosen and 24 interviews were conducted. Data were collected through in-depth, face-to-face interviews from August to September 2019. Semi-structured interviews were recorded with a voice recorder. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Results: Three main themes emerged (perception of birth, reasons mode of birth preferences, decision-making process) with twelve sub-themes (fears about childbirth and childbirth related problems, excitement: having a baby; healthy and natural, purification and regeneration, faster recovery and self-sufficiency, real motherhood, early interaction and breastfeeding, fears of postpartum pain and surgery process, safe and easy; experienced women and social media, health providers). Conclusion: Revealing the perceptions of birth and mode of birth preferences of pregnant women is significant in terms of increasing the quality of perinatal care and ensure a conscious participation of women a shared decision-making process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the impact of high-fidelity simulation on nursing students' knowledge, critical thinking, and clinical decision-making in the management of pre-eclampsia, and to explore the students' views and learning experiences.Methods: A mixed-methods design study was conducted on 107 third-year nursing students. The students were randomly assigned to the control group (n=54) or the experimental group (n=53). The students in the experimental group attended the simulation training using a high-fidelity simulator, while the students in the control group attended only the classical training on "the management of pre-eclampsia."Results: Knowledge (P<0.001), critical thinking (P<0.05), and clinical decision-making (P<0.05) scores of students in the experimental group increased after the simulation. In the focus group interviews, five themes were identified: learning development; closing the gap between theory and practice; confident decision-making and self-confidence; professional preparation; and recommendations.Conclusion: High-fidelity simulation is efficacious for improving the management of pre-eclampsia among nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Simulation as an innovative teaching method is an effective form of pedagogical approach. A wealth of evidence shows that simulation in nursing education provides an opportunity for undergraduate students to improve learning outcomes. Aim: The aim of this review was to systematically appraise and synthesize evidence that examine the effects of obstetric simulation in an undergraduate nursing program. Methods: Integrative review method guided this review. Four electronic databases were searched using "CINAHL (EBSCOhost)," "Science Direct," "OVID," and "WILEY" to identify original research published between 2008 and 2018. Search and MeSH terms included: obstetric, maternal, simulation, nursing, and student. Results: Seventeen articles were included in this review. The results of content analysis revealed three essential themes: cognitive and psychomotor (knowledge‐skills) skill, affective (self‐confidence, anxiety, critical thinking‐self‐efficacy) skill, and students' views on obstetric simulation. In all of the studies, it was determined that the simulation method was a safe and effective teaching strategy. Conclusion: The use of obstetric simulation in an undergraduate nursing program has a positive effect on the level of self‐confidence, anxiety, critical thinking‐self‐efficacy, psychomotor skills, and level of anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the services provided by domestic workers which are bet described as affective labor. It examines the professional performance of domestic work which involves a simultaneous engagement with the intimate and the impersonal based on the views of anthropology professor William Mazzarella. It also discuses the differences between a migrant domestic worker and a working class, non-migrant woman employed in domestic work.

This study investigated the effect of fortification with sodium–calcium caseinate (SCaCN), whey protein concentrate (WPC) or a blend of those ingredients on some properties of probiotic yoghurt. At the beginning of the storage, the highest angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory activity (ACEI %) was obtained from yoghurts with SCaCN. However, the levels of proteolytic and ACEI activities were highest in WPC‐supplemented yoghurt after 14 and 28 days. The highest Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 viability was obtained in yoghurts with WPC or the SCaCN–WPC blend. A gradual increase in lactic acid was also obtained in the yoghurts supplemented with WPC or with the SCaCN–WPC blend; there was no increase in acetic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis and associated risk factors in Turkish women aged 18–49 years. A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2014. The sample (n =1,792) was comprised of women aged 18–49 years, who resided in Cubuk, Ankara, Turkey, and were selected by simple random sampling. The data were collected in face-to-face interviews using an Individual Information Form and an Osteoporosis Risk Estimation Scale. Bone mineral density was assessed using standard dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multiple logistic regression and chi-square analyses were used for analyses. Most participants (80.1%) were at low risk of developing osteoporosis, while 6.9% were at medium to high risk of developing the disease. From bone mineral density levels, 33.3% were osteopenic; 4.0% were osteoporotic; 33.3% were osteopenic at the femoral neck; and 6.7% were osteoporotic at the lumbar vertebra L1−L4. Further, results of multiple logistic regression analyses showed that osteoporosis risk was significantly associated with smoking, having light skin, multiparity, and having a family history of osteoporosis (p <.05). These results indicated that public health screening strategies for protecting women’s bone health at earlier ages than previously thought might be beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background The measurement of handgrip strength (HGS) has prognostic value with respect to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular disease, and is an important part of the evaluation of frailty. Published reference ranges for HGS are mostly derived from Caucasian populations in high-income countries. There is a paucity of information on normative HGS values in non-Caucasian populations from low- or middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to develop reference HGS ranges for healthy adults from a broad range of ethnicities and socioeconomically diverse geographic regions. Methods HGS was measured using a Jamar dynamometer in 125,462 healthy adults aged 35-70 years from 21 countries in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Results HGS values differed among individuals from different geographic regions. HGS values were highest among those from Europe/North America, lowest among those from South Asia, South East Asia and Africa, and intermediate among those from China, South America, and the Middle East. Reference ranges stratified by geographic region, age, and sex are presented. These ranges varied from a median (25th-75th percentile) 50 kg (43-56 kg) in men <40 years from Europe/North America to 18 kg (14-20 kg) in women >60 years from South East Asia. Reference ranges by ethnicity and body-mass index are also reported. Conclusions Individual HGS measurements should be interpreted using region/ethnic-specific reference ranges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to examine problematic areas related to sexual life of individuals with gynecological cancer. Qualitative phenomenological research design was used in the study. The data were collected through "Semistructured In-depth Interview Form" and "Individual Information Form" with 30 women diagnosed with gynecological cancer. In-depth interview technique was used for obtaining data related to sexual problem areas of women. The data obtained were evaluated by content analysis. Average age of women who participated in the study was 46.70±10.66 (min=30, max=67), and women who were followed for the diagnosis of endometrium cancer (53.3%), ovarian cancer (36.7%), cervical cancer (10%). It was determined that there were significant changes in sexual lives of the individuals following the illness, and that body image, role of sexuality, sexual functions and reproduction ability, which are the four important components of sexual health, were affected unfavorably to a great extent. It was determined in this study that individuals with gynecological cancer face multidimensional problems regarding sexual life. Adoption of holistic approach by health professionals in the evaluation of sexual problems of women and attempting to solve the problem are of significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]