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A chromate of copper and cobalt (Φy) was synthesized and characterized. Φy activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade ciprofloxacin (CIP) in water. The Φy/PMS combination showed a high degrading capability toward CIP (~100% elimination in 15 min). However, Φy leached cobalt (1.6 mg L−1), limiting its use for water treatment. To avoid leaching, Φy was calcinated, forming a mixed metal oxide (MMO). In the combination of MMO/PMS, no metals leached, the CIP adsorption was low (4•− dominated, leading to a synergistic effect on pollutant elimination (>95% after 15 min of treatment). MMO/PMS promoted the opening and oxidation of the piperazyl ring, plus the hydroxylation of the quinolone moiety on CIP, which potentially decreased the biological activity. After three reuse cycles, the MMO still presented with a high activation of PMS toward CIP degradation (90% in 15 min of action). Additionally, the CIP degradation by the MMO/PMS system in simulated hospital wastewater was close to that obtained in distilled water. This work provides relevant information on the stability of Co-, Cu-, and Cr-based materials under interaction with PMS and the strategies to obtain a proper catalyst to degrade CIP.

Mid-high-frequency ultrasound (200–1000 kHz) eliminates organic pollutants and also generates H2O2. To take advantage of H2O2, iron species can be added, generating a hybrid sono-Fenton process (sF). This paper presents the possibilities and limitations of sF. Heterogeneous (a natural mineral) and homogeneous (Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions) iron sources were considered. Acetaminophen, ciprofloxacin, and methyl orange were the target organic pollutants. Ultrasound alone induced the pollutants degradation, and the dual competing role of the natural mineral (0.02–0.20 g L−1) meant that it had no significant effects on the elimination of pollutants. In contrast, both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions enhanced the pollutants’ degradation, and the elimination using Fe2+ was better because of its higher reactivity toward H2O2. However, the enhancement decreased at high Fe2+ concentrations (e.g., 5 mg L−1) because of scavenger effects. The Fe2+ addition significantly accelerated the elimination of acetaminophen and methyl orange. For ciprofloxacin, at short treatment times, the degradation was enhanced, but the pollutant complexation with Fe3+ that came from the Fenton reaction caused degradation to stop. Additionally, sF did not decrease the antimicrobial activity associated with ciprofloxacin, whereas ultrasound alone did. Therefore, the chemical structure of the pollutant plays a crucial role in the feasibility of the sF process.

La deshidrogenación oxidativa de propano es una alternativa interesante para la obtención de olefinas. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos en la deshidrogenación oxidativa de propano utilizando dos materiales a partir de cobalto, tungsteno y molibdeno. Los materiales fueron caracterizados utilizando Difracción de Rayos X (XRD), espectroscopia infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FTIR), análisis termogravimétrico (TGA) y análisis térmico diferencial (DTA). El material CoMo φ y al ser calcinado a 623 K se transforma en la fase β -CoMoO4 (CoMo φ y623), la misma fase es obtenida cuando el material se calcina a 873 K (CoMo φ y873). CoMo φ y623 muestra un buen desempeño en la deshidrogenación oxidativa de propano, se obtuvo un rendimiento a propeno de 3,4% a una temperatura de 623 K y una velocidad espacial de 100 mL g-1 min-1. El material CoWs φ y fue calcinado a 673 K, obteniéndose una fase wolframita de baja cristalinidad. Este material presenta una alta selectividad a propeno y un bajo rendimiento. CoMo φ y873 presenta una buena actividad y selectividad, comparable con otros materiales reportados en la literatura, y su potencial como catalizador en la deshidrogenación oxidativa de propano se hace más evidente con la prueba que muestra ser estable durante 24 h de operación continua a 773 K.

Se describe un nuevo método para la síntesis de mallas moleculares tipo fosfato de zinc, el cual conserva el concepto de amina como agente estructurante y la relación zinc/fósforo, pero incorpora una sal de metal alcalino en la preparación del gel inicial lográndose, no sólo reducir drásticamente el tiempo de cristalización, sino obtener materiales térmicamente estables después de calcinar.

En el presente trabajo se modificó la composición de la ZSM-5 con Cr y W por impregnación, sustitución isomórfica e intercambio iónico, y los catalizadores resultantes se evaluaron en la oligomerización de propeno.

In this paper, the composition of ZSM-5 was modified with Cr and W by impregnation, isomorphous substitution and ion exchange, and the resulting catalysts were evaluated in the oligomerization of propene.