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This descriptive research aims atidentifying the difficulties encountered by nursing students in the development of nursing diagnostic skills. The data collection was carried out using a direct questionnaire with 62 students in My Youssef’s hospital in Casablanca. The results of the study list a set of failures related to the training of nurses. This training focuses mainly on the acquisition of knowledge; it is not aimed to the development of the real skill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Wayback Machine, the world's most extensive web archive, contains over 370 billion webpages dating to 1996. Yet despite its tagline, "Universal Access to All Knowledge," overwhelmed visitors report frustration and trouble with keyword searching and site navigation. This essay uses the Wayback Machine to demonstrate how access as a digital archival ideal is realized only to the extent that it is defined in terms of delivery and not disposition. Further, I submit that the combination of copious delivery and a weak structure, or lack of meaningful arrangement, is conducive to flânerie, a perusal movement through digital objects. Contra the cultural imaginary of the flâneur as a figure of pleasure, I suggest that practices of flânerie generate an experience of displacement and angst. With reference to Martin Heidegger's concept of the unheimlich (uncanny), I characterize being in a web archive as immersive but anxiously placeless. I then rely on Heidegger again to identify a productively dispositional role for rhetoric in digital archiving. As logos, rhetoric builds a structure, or "dwelling," that might provide orientation and make the archival unheimlich tolerable. The essay's implications pertain to the conditions of inhabitability in networked culture, which by design is functionally archival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cluster emergence is an important topic but weakly conceptualized in the literature. Focusing on the interaction of the local knowledge pool and firm growth, the paper develops a comprehensive framework to understand cluster emergence. In the framework, the cluster formation process starts with the collision of local and external knowledge which generates an innovation and stimulates the creation of local pioneering firms in a new field. To support the growth of follow-up entrants in the new industry, the local knowledge pool needs to be expanded and deepened through local knowledge sharing and external knowledge inflows. The enlarged local knowledge pool enables local firms to grow and explore other fields further. To promote cluster emergence, public policies need to facilitate the interaction of the local knowledge pool and firm growth. The paper illustrates the interactive framework with two aluminum extrusion clusters in China that emerged in different ways over different time periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective knowledge dissemination plays a vital role for the success of knowledge-based organizations (KBO). From the view of the micro knowledge exchange among individuals, this paper aims to study the process and rules of knowledge dissemination within KBO. First, consulting the SEIR epidemic propagation, this paper divides the individuals into different knowledge statuses, and depicts the process of knowledge dissemination employing the thought of epidemic spread. Considering the influence of individual heterogeneity on knowledge dissemination, this paper develops a heterogeneous cellular automata method to build the knowledge dissemination model. Through simulation of the proposed model, we study the impacts of the proportion of initial knowledge disseminators, the distribution pattern of initial knowledge disseminator and knowledge accessibility among individuals on knowledge dissemination. The results reveal some valuable management enlightenments about how to improve the knowledge dissemination performance in KBO, which are helpful to the managers and decision makers to effectively carry out knowledge management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Domínios de Lingu@gem is the property of Dominios de Lingu@gem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Non-profit organizations pursue social objectives. They base on the work of volunteers - people who devote their time to help others without expecting in return material benefits. They can perform various works, including those ones which require knowledge and skills in the area of management. It is possible to find such competences among the students of Management. The aim of the article is to discuss some opportunities of recruitment volunteers among that target market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following article provides a selection of reflections from a number of higher education institutions and their staff about participation in the UK-wide Pathfinder project scheme. These nine projects (comprising 30 institutions) form the core of the Jisc-funded Open Access Good Practice initiative. They have produced a wide range of outputs which endorse and encourage best practice when implementing open access across institutions. Each project has a blog where progress and outputs can be tracked. Details are listed at the end of this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through interviews with migrants and migrant aid-workers at a shelter in the border town of Nogales, Mexico, we examine how undocumented migrants are seeking, acquiring, understanding, and using information prior to, and during, migration across the United States–Mexico border. Our study examines migrants' perceptions of humanitarian service and the use of so-called “border disturbance technologies” by activists to help prevent the death of migrants in the desert, finding that migrants appreciate water-caching efforts but generally distrust technologies they feel could subject them to surveillance by border agents. Exploratory in nature and based on a small sample, our findings are not necessarily representative of the broader population, but provide rich evidence of the prevalence of word-of-mouth information seeking and use of cell phones over other information technologies, and explore the ambivalent nature of information technology use in the vulnerable setting of life at the border. In particular, we find that mobile phones help migrants meet their communication needs, but also increase their exposure to crime and abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on access to knowledge (A2K) movement, its origins, its principles and values in context of the book "The Public and Its Problems" by John Dewey.

The internet has profoundly changed how we produce, use and collect research and information for public policy and practice, with grey literature and data playing an increasingly important role. Reports, discussion papers, briefings and many other resources produced and published by organisations, without recourse to the commercial or scholarly publishing industry, are a key part of the evidence used for public policy and practice. Yet finding and accessing this material can be a time-consuming task made harder by poor production and management of resources and the lack of digital collecting services. Even knowing what is being collected and what collections exist is a difficult task. Based on research conducted as part of the Grey Literature Strategies ARC Linkage project, this article reports on the results of online surveys of users, producers and collectors of policy and research information with a particular focus on the results for collecting services. It discusses the state of collecting digital grey literature in Australia and the issues that need to be addressed to maximise the value of this public asset. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A fundamental tenet of the Access to Knowledge (A2K) movement is that access to intangibles, especially educational and cultural works, should be open to all. Grounded in a human rights framework, this perspective links open and unfettered access to principles of social justice, freedom, and economic development. This article explores how mainstream A2K debates play out with respect to intangible cultural heritage. In doing so, the discussion contributes to an emerging literature highlighting the tension between individual and cultural rights in this movement through a comparative analysis of how select A2K activists and sanyasi (spiritual ascetics) react to debates surrounding intellectual property claims to yoga. On the one hand, A2K activists, specifically leaders from the Creative Commons community, place primacy on democratic modern law as a principle of social ordering to theorize yoga-as-information, information-as-disembodied, and information-as-neutral. This framework produces an undifferentiated public domain within which the practice naturally resides. In contrast, expert yoga practitioners rely on an interpretation of the guru-disciple relationship to theorize yoga-as-knowledge, knowledge-as-embodied, and knowledge-as-powerful to conceptualize its placement in a stratified commons. The juxtaposition of these two accounts adds to emergent debates around the construction and management of the public sphere and/or versus the cultural commons, as well as the possibilities and limits both present for community and identity politics. While the article is informed by a larger ethnographic project, it primarily draws from nine months of fieldwork with sanyasi (spiritual ascetics) of the Satyananda lineage as well as my own involvement in the A2K movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Any system for the protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs) has three main kinds of distributive effects. It will determine or influence: (a) the types of objects that will be developed and for which IPRs will be sought; (b) the differential access various people will have to these objects; and (c) the distribution of the IPRs themselves among various actors. What this means to the area of pharmaceutical research is that many urgently needed medicines will not be developed at all, that the existing medicines will not be suitable for countries with a precarious health infrastructure or not target the disease variety that is prevalent in poorer regions. Such effects are commonly captured under the rubric of the '10/90 gap' in biomedical research. High prices will also restrict access to medicines as well endanger compliance to treatment schemes. IPRs are mainly held by multinational corporations situated in the developed world, which not only raises egalitarian concerns, but also severely limits the possibilities of companies in poorer countries to realize improvements on existing inventions, as they cannot financially afford to secure freedom to operate, which systematically shrinks the number of potential innovators. Those inequities lead to an enormous burden for the global poor and since no institution is willing to assume the responsibility to fulfil the right to health and the corresponding right of access to essential medicines, we have to analyse alternatives or additions to the actual intellectual property regimes in order to create new incentives to fill this gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reflects information on the reform movements in Intellectual Property law towards a copyright treaty for visually impaired persons (VIPs). It provides information on two movements including the Access to Knowledge Movement (A2K), and the implementation of World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) development agenda. It discusses the flexible and restrained approaches of developing and developed countries respectively towards the Intellectual Property law.

This paper is the second installment in a two-part series on the physicality of archival material in the context of the digital age. The first part reviewed key lessons in the history of new technologies that have affected archival practice. Part two will explore a holistic understanding of paper-based knowledge transmission in the context of the digital access movement. The intent is to provide a more expansive context to the shift from a physically, place-based activity to one of ubiquitous access to secondary materials. The investigation emphasizes two notions: archives as thing and archives as experience. Issues of authenticity, evidence, and sensory engagement are seen as potential knowledge elements of original material. Furthermore, physical archives are considered in their environmental context, through physical processes in the embodied act of using, and through their meaning to the user. The purpose of this article is to highlight the tacit, assumed and taken-for-granted aspects of using original archival material to better understand the conversion from physical to digital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the investments of governments in establishing national scientific systems in many African countries. It focuses on the north-south partnerships in water sector in which uplifting problems reduced the production of relevant development of knowledge. It also suggests that limitations of partnerships should be minimized for the successful implementation of the partnership.

The article provides insight on the Students' Session which is a new activity at the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) Presidential Meeting 2011. Some of the issues discussed by 185 delegates from 29 countries include open access, copyright regarding libraries and human right to access to knowledge. An overview of the academic and professional backgrounds of delegates is given. Also discussed are topics that students focused on during the event, including overall perceptions and expectations from the meeting.

The author discusses the opportunity to strengthen the relationship between the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) and FOBID Netherlands Library Forum, provided by the development of the IFLA Presidential Meeting 2011 which was held in The Hague, the Netherlands. She believes that true cooperation among libraries worldwide can safeguard access to knowledge. She explains the opportunities provided by the IFLA meeting, including joining of ideas, concepts and forces.