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El porcentaje de fracasos y recaídas en el tratamiento de la obesidad es alto. Siempre que sea posible, la prevención de la obesidad para modificar hábitos alimentarios y estilos de vida ha de ser la conducta preferente. Este trabajo pretender ofrecer un marco de evidencia sobre los componentes más efectivos de las intervenciones para el abordaje de la obesidad infantil, tanto de su prevención como de su reducción, cuando esta ya está instaurada. A partir de la literatura científica, se presentan los aspectos que debe contemplar la prevención, tanto universal como selectiva, de la obesidad infantil. Habida cuenta también de la controversia sobre los instrumentos de registro y control del problema, se aportan algunos criterios clarificadores. Finalmente, se diferencia el abordaje de la prevención del sobrepeso y la obesidad con una perspectiva comunitaria, ofreciéndose 2 protocolos breves que esquematizan un procedimiento básico a seguir.

Community Participation in Health is the thematic focus of this study since it is an ideal route as a strategy for the prevention and control of endemic diseases such as malaria. Taking into account the areas affected by this disease in the state of Sucre, Venezuela, this qualitative type of research was carried out, which took place in the village of Rio Seco, located on the Gulf of Paria, in the Mariño municipality of this federal entity. The central objective was to analyze from the perspective of health personnel, a community participation experience related to the care, prevention and control of malaria carried out in this area. Among the results can be noted that, on a general level, difficulties exist for promoting health policies that correspond to the sociocultural reality of the affected communities; this has hampered the effectiveness of such policies and therefore, limited the impact on reducing malaria in this area. However, given all the limitations of the case, some experiences have occurred that can be considered successful, such as that mentioned in this study, since through joint action to promote community participation, led by the health personnel, it was possible to curb the incidence of this endemic disease in the local area. Although this experiment was conducted in 2003-2004, it had a positive impact in subsequent years when the rates were kept low with respect to this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]