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4. Association between Depression and Postural Balance in Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Mona A. Alfawd, Fahad H. Alshehri, Sultan Aldhafri, Afnan Sharawi, Rawan Alwafi, Suha Alzahrani, Ahmad T. Khiyami, Bayan Alilyyani, Hosam Alzahrani, Hatem H. Allam, and Rania N Almeheyawi

Subjects
knee pain, osteoarthritis, balance, depression, older adults, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Several studies examined the reciprocal relationship between knee osteoarthritis (KOA), depression, and postural balance separately; however, few studies have investigated the relationship between them. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the relationship between postural balance and depression among patients with KOA in Saudi Arabia. Methods and Results: A total of 71 patients with KOA were recruited (36 males, 35 females) with a mean age of 55.0±8.6 years, mean knee pain of 7.2±1.0, and mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) of 44.9±11.6. Depression was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The participants were asked to complete the HADS, rate their pain in both knees using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the WOMAC, and undergo the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) to assess the postural balance. A significantly strong negative correlation was observed between postural balance and anxiety and depression in all the participants (BBS and HADS: r= −0.920, P

Published
2024
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5. Effect of the Duration of Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest on the Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Author

Abdullah H. Ghunaim, Basma Aljabri, Ahmed Dohain, Ghassan S. Althinayyan, Abdulaziz I. Aleissa, Ahmad T. Alshebly, Rayan A. Alyafi, Tareg M. Alhablany, Ahmed M. Nashar, and Osman O. Al-Radi

Subjects
Bayley Scales, congenital heart diseases, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, neurodevelopmental, Medicine, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Background/Objectives: Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is safe, but subtle neurodevelopmental deficits may persist far beyond the perioperative period. We aimed to investigate the relationship between DHCA duration and neurodevelopmental outcomes in young children undergoing cardiac surgery with DHCA. Methods: Children aged < 42 months, including neonates who underwent cardiac surgery using DHCA without regional perfusion techniques, were included as the DHCA group. Children in the same age range who underwent cardiac surgery without DHCA were included as the control group. All enrolled patients underwent neurodevelopmental assessment using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSTID) by a trained pediatrician, and 17 DHCA patients and 6 control patients completed the BSTID assessment. Results: Both groups showed no significant preoperative, operative, or postoperative differences. Adjusted multivariable analysis revealed that prematurity and age at assessment were significant changing predictors of each of the BSTID components (p < 0.001), except for the gross motor component, where only age at assessment was a significant adjusting predictor. Longer DHCA was associated with lower fine and gross motor BSTID components; however, the association was not statistically significant (p = 0.06). Conclusions: Long-duration DHCA without regional perfusion techniques may be associated with less optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Published
2024
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6. Incorporating Technology Adoption in Medical Education: A Qualitative Study of Medical Students’ Perspectives

Author

Alrashed FA, Ahmad T, Almurdi MM, Alderaa AA, Alhammad SA, Serajuddin M, and Alsubiheen AM

Subjects
learning education, medical education, medical education with virtual reality, technology in medical education, qualitative research teaching technology, artificial intelligence, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Fahad Abdulaziz Alrashed,1 Tauseef Ahmad,1 Muneera M Almurdi,2 Asma A Alderaa,2 Saad A Alhammad,2 Mohammad Serajuddin,3 Abdulrahman M Alsubiheen2 1Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Fahad Abdulaziz Alrashed, Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O Box 2925, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966596130110, Email faaalrashed@ksu.edu.saIntroduction: The integration of technology into medical education has witnessed significant growth in recent years, with tools such as virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and telemedicine gaining prominence. These tool in medical education, offering immersive, experiential learning experiences.Methods: We approached medical students currently enrolled in medical education programs and who are familiar with and actively use AI in medical education. Initially, we invited 21 random students to participate in the study; however, only 13 agreed to interviews. Some students cited their busy exam schedules as the reason for not participating. The participants were informed of the objective of the study before the commencement of the recorded interviews. Semi-structured interviews were used to guide the record interviews. Audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed using Atlas.ti, a qualitative data analysis software.Results: Participants exhibited a diverse range of perceptions and levels of awareness regarding VR, AI, and telemedicine technologies. Learning with virtual reality was considered to be fun, memorable, inclusive, and engaging by participants. The use of virtual reality technology is seen as complementing current teaching and learning approaches, helping to build learners’ confidence, as well as providing medical students with a safe environment for problem-solving and trial-and-error learning. The students reported that AI was seen as a potential game-changer in the healthcare sector. Participants hoped that telemedicine would provide healthcare services to remote and underserved populations.Conclusion: The study conducted focus group discussions with medical students and residents in Saudi Arabia to explore their views on integrating VR, AI, and telemedicine in medical education and practice. Their insights highlight the need for informed decision-making and strategic development to optimize the benefits and address challenges like initial investments, technical issues, ethics, and regulations. These considerations are crucial for fully realizing the potential benefits of technology in medical education globally.keywords: learning education, medical education, medical education with virtual reality, technology in medical education, qualitative research teaching technology, artificial intelligence

Published
2024

8. Multicultural Education Based on Religiosity to Enhance Social Harmonization within Students: A Study in Public Senior High School

Author

Saihu, Made, Umar, Nasaruddin, Raya, Ahmad T., and Shunhaji, Akhmad

Abstract

This paper discusses implementing the Islamic learning approach model in Jembrana-Bali's case study in State High School (SMAN) 1 Jembrana. This paper explores the effectiveness of multicultural learning models used in Islamic religious education learning. Multicultural learning model creating harmonious interaction. Furthermore, the integration of diversity understanding between Hindu and Islamic students aims to peaceful practices in the educational environment. Data sources were obtained through unstructured observations and interviews from July to September 2019. The result showed that the learning process of Islamic religious education with a multicultural approach forms the character of students, both Hindu and Muslim, to be humanist, tolerant, and inclusive. In shaping character and fostering understanding diversity, the learning approach used is the contribution approach, additive approach, and the decision making and social action approach proposed by Allison Cumming-McCann. The interaction of students in SMAN 1 Jembrana, both Hindus and Muslims, aims to acculturation and enculturation of two different religions and traditions.

Published
2022

9. ‘Assessing patients’ perception of the potential utility of visual function home monitoring app among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia’

Author

Hanan Khalid Mofty, Marwan A Abouammoh, Hala A Al-Muqbil, Khaled S AL-Zahrani, Talhah M AL-Ghasham, Abdullah A Assiri, Ahmad T AL-Mnaizel, Hayat S Mushcab, Kholoud A Bokhary, and Ruth E Hogg

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

Aims To determine the acceptability and identify potential concerns and barriers of using a hypothetical smartphone application (app) for home monitoring (HM) of visual function among patients with diabetes. Methods Quantitative, cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire. Patients diagnosed with diabetes aged between 20 and 70 years were included. The research was conducted across five regions in Saudi Arabia. The questions were adapted from a validated, published questionnaire and translated into Arabic. It focused on socio-demographic factors and barriers which associated with the acceptance of the hypothetical visual function HM app, using descriptive statistics. Results A total of 240 patients with diabetes participated in this study. About half of the participants (40.4%) ranged between 40 and 59 years; 42.5% were male, and most of the participants (93.8%) lived within 2 h of their healthcare facility. The rejection to the use of a hypothetical HM app was associated with increased age ( p = 0.025), lower education level ( p = 0.023), urbanicity ( p = 0.011), residing closer to health centres ( p = 0.021), and never experiencing telehealth services previously ( p = 0.025). Logistic regression revealed that accepting a hybrid clinic approach was more likely to be acceptable by younger patients (20–39 years: OR, 5.01; 95% CI, 1.82–13.82; p

Published
2024
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10. Structures, processes and outcomes between first referral and referral hospitals in low-income and middle-income countries: a secondary preplanned analysis of the FALCON and ChEETAh randomised trials

Author

Rajeev Sharma, Neha Mishra, Simon Cousens, Sanjay Gupta, Thomas Pinkney, Neil Smart, Jonathan Cook, David Jayne, Hemanth Kumar, Peter Brocklehurst, Mohammed Bashir, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Philip Alexander, Laura Magill, Mark Monahan, Rachel Moore, Stephen Tabiri, Joseph Yorke, Dion Morton, Aneel Bhangu, Bryar Kadir, Naveen Sharma, Punam Mistry, Joshua Arthur, Muneer A Malik, Tracy Roberts, Elisee Rwagahirima, Christian Urimubabo, Ewen Harrison, Vijay Kumar, Julia Brown, Pollyanna Hardy, Amit Mahajan, Pratik Solanki, James Glasbey, Himani Gupta, Omar Omar, Joana Simoes, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Felix Alakaloko, Olumide Elebute, Omolara Faboya, Justina Seyi-Olajide, Anita Thomas, David Lissauer, Zainab Imam, George Ihediwa, Zainab O Imam, Felix M Alakaloko, Pradeep Zechariah, Suraj Surendran, Olatunji O Lawal, Mohammed Adnan, Savleen Kaur, Faustin Ntirenganya, JC Allen Ingabire, Lawani Ismaïl, Emmy Runigamugabo, Djifid Morel Seto, Paul Wondoh, Charles Dally, Kwabena Agbedinu, Florence Dedey, Enoch Tackie, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Anthony Davor, Akinlabi Ajao, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Olalekan Ajai, Mobolaji Oludara, Muhammad Daniyan, Danjuma Sale, Lawal Abdullahi, Olabisi Osagie, Adedeji Fatuga, Muzzammil Abdullahi, Manish Pathak, Prashant Singh, Rita Jain, Kwaku Boakye-Yiadom, Kazeem Atobatele, Ayokunle Ogunyemi, Olabode Oshodi, Christopher Bode, Omobolaji O Ayandipo, Akinlabi E Ajao, Godwin Akaba, Gabriella Hyman, Deepak Singh, Olukemi Akande, Sivesh Kathir Kamarajah, Naseem Akhtar, José A Flores, Donna Smith, Olatunji Lawal, Hadijat Olaide Raji, Zafar Khan, Matthew Francis, Emmanuel Williams, Pardeep Kumar, Oliver Samuel, María Paz Muñoz, Arun Chaturvedi, Sameer Gupta, Puneet Prakash, John Raphael, Funmilola Wuraola, Olalekan Olasehinde, Murlidhar V Pai, Deepak Jain, Anwar Sadat Seidu, Victor Ifeanyichukwu Modekwe, Jideofor Okechukwu Ugwu, Lukmon Amosu, Akan Inyang, Michael Amoah, Boateng Nimako, Dhruva Ghosh, Neil Winkles, Olabisi O Osagie, Karolin Kroese, Olubunmi Ogein, Mustapha Yakubu, Vasanth Mark Samuel, Cecil Thomas, Enono Yhoshu, Vishal Michael, William Bhatti, Swati Daniel, Jyoti Dhiman, Atul Suroy, Christopher O Bode, George C Ihediwa, Adaiah Soibi-Harry, Benedetto Osunwusi, Elizabeth Li, Sonia Mathai, Deepak Singla, Farhanul Huda, Aisha Mustapha, Anisah Yahya, Samuel Mensah, Puneet Pareek, Bernard Ofori, Souliath Lawani, Oluwafunmilayo Adeniyi, Opeyemi Rebecca Akinajo, Richard Ofosu-Akromah, Olumide Adeniyi, Adewale O. Adisa, Natacha Boumas, Fareeda Galley, Frank Enoch Gyamfi Parvez D Haque, Antonio Ramos de la Medina, Chukwuma Okereke, Ronald Tubasime, Felicity Brant, Sohini Chakrabortee, Parvez D Haque, Emily Heritage, Carmela Lapitan, Rachel Lillywhite, Pierre Sodonougbo, Pamphile Assouto, Michel Fiogbe, Houenoukpo Koco, Serge Metchinhoungbe, Hodonou Sogbo, Hulrich Behanzin, Yannick Tandje, Sosthène Kangni, Cyrile Kpangon, Marcelin Akpla, Hugues Herve Chobli, Blaise Kovohouande, Gérard Agboton, Rene Ahossi, Raoul Baderha Ngabo, Nathan Bisimwa, Covalic Melic Bokossa Kandokponou, Mireille Dokponou, Francis Moïse Dossou, Corinne Dzemta, Antoine Gaou, Roland Goudou, Emmanuel Hedefoun, Sunday Houtoukpe, Felix Kamga, Eric Kiki- Migan, Ismaïl Lawani, René Loko, Afissatou Moutaïrou, Pencome Ogouyemi, Fouad Soumanou, Pia Tamadaho, Mack-Arthur Zounon, Luke Aniakwo Adagrah, Bin Baaba Alhaji Alhassan, Mabel Pokuah Amoako-Boateng, Anthony Baffour Appiah, Alvin Asante-Asamani, Benedict Boakye, Samuel A Debrah, Donald Enti, Rahman Adebisi Ganiyu, Patience Koggoh, Richard Kpankpari, Isabella Naa M. Opandoh, Meshach Agyemang Manu, Maison Patrick Opoku Manu, Martin Tangnaa Morna, John Nkrumah, Michael Nortey, Emmanuel Owusu Ofori, Elizaberth Mercy Quartson, Esther Adjei-Acquah, Eric Agyemang Vera Agyekum, Rebecca Adjeibah Akesseh, Forster Amponsah-Manu, Ato Oppong Acquah, Leslie Issa Adam-Zakariah, Esther Asabre, Ruby Acheampong Boateng, Barbara Koomson, Ataa Kusiwaa, Emmanuel Yaw Twerefour, James Ankomah, Frank Assah-Adjei, Anthony Appiah Boakye, Godfred Fosu, Godwin Serbeh, Kofi Yeboah Gyan, Isaac Omane Nyarko, Zelda Robertson, Ralph Armah, Christopher Asare, Delali Akosua Gakpetor, Victoria Sena Gawu, Ambe Obbeng, Doris Ofosuhene, Dorcas Osei-Poku, Diana Puozaa, Arkorful Ebenezer Temitope, Regina Acquah, James Amoako, Akosua Dwamena Appiah, Mark Aseti, Charles Banka, Samuel Dadzie, Derick Essien, Romeo Hussey, Jemima Kwarteng, Naa Anyekaa Sowah, Grace Yeboah, Cynthia Yeboah, Kwame Gyambibi Addo, Enoch Appiah Akosa, Percy Boakye, Christian Larbi Coompson, Brian Gyamfi, Bismark Effah Kontor, Christian Kyeremeh, Ruth Manu, Elijah Mensah, Friko Ibrahim Solae, Gideon Kwasi Toffah, Dorcas Otuo Acheampong, Jane Acquaye, Michael Adinku, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Emmanuel Gyimah Amankwa, George Amoah, Juliana Appiah, Alex Ayim, Emmanuel Kafui Ayodeji, Jonathan Boakye-Yiadom, Edward Amoah Boateng, Christian Kofi Gyasi-Sarpong, Naabo Nuhu Noel Hamidu, Iddrisu Haruna, Naa Kwarley, Agbenya Kobla Lovi, Bertina Beauty Nyadu, Dominic Opoku, Anita Osabutey, Robert Sagoe, Samuel Tuffour, Yaa Tufour, Francis Akwaw Yamoah, Abiboye Cheduko Yefieye, Nii Armah Adu-Aryee, Faisal Adjei, Erica Akoto, Elikem Ametefe, Joachim Kwaku Amoako, Godsway Solomon Attepor, George Darko Brown, Benjamin Fenu, Philemon Kwame Kumassah, David Olatayo Olayiwola, Theodore Wordui, Nelson Agboadoh, Fatao Abubakari, Cletus Ballu, Charles Gyamfi Barimah, Guy Casskey Boateng, Prosper Tonwisi Luri, Abraham Titigah, Frank Owusu, Raphael Adu-Brobbey, Abdul-Hamid Labaran, Junior Atta Owusu, Vivian Adobea, Amos Bennin, Fred Dankwah, Stanley Doe, Ruth Sarfo Kantanka, Ephraim Kobby, Kennedy Kofi Korankye Hanson Larnyor, Edwin Osei, Prince Yeboah Owusu, Clement Ayum Sie-Broni, Marshall Zume, Francis Atindaana Abantanga, Darling Ramatu Abdulai, Daniel Kwesi Acquah, Emmanuel Ayingayure, Imoro Osman, Sheba Kunfah, Gbana Limann, Shamudeen Alhassan Mohammed, Sheriff Mohammed, Yakubu Musah, Emmanuel Abem Owusu, Abdul-Hafiz Saba, Edwin Mwintiereh Ta-ang Yenli, Arun Gautham, Alice Hepzibah, Grace Mary, Dimple Bhatti, Karan Bir, Tapasya Dhar, Sunita Goyal, Goyal Ankush, Monika Hans, Parvez Haque, Samuel Konda, Anil Luther, Shalini Makkar, Kavita Mandrelle, Partho Mukherjee, Reuben Rajappa, Ravinder Thind, Alen Thomas, Arti Tuli, Sreejith Veetil, Esther Daniel Mark Jesudason, K Priyadarshini, Latha Madankumar, Rohin Mittal, Ida Nagomy, Rajesh Selvakumar, Bharat Shankar, Moonish Sivakumar, Rajeevan Sridhar, Devabalan Titus, Manisha Aggarwal, Parth Dhamija, Vinoth Kanna, Ashwani Kumar, Gurtaj Singh, Josy Thomas, Amos Dasari, Priya Jacob, Elizabeth Kurien, Arpit Mathew, Danita Prakash, Anju Susan, Rose Varghese, Rahul Alpheus, Ashish Choudhrie, Nitin Peters, Subrat Raul, Rakesh Vakil, Wenceslao Ángeles Bueno, Francisco Barbosa Camacho, Aldo Bernal Hernández, Ana Bogurin Arellano, Edgar Cortes Torres, Clotilde Fuentes Orozco, Erick González García de Rojas, Alejandro González Ojeda, Bertha Guzmán Ramírez, Michel Hernández Valadez, Diego Luna Acevedo, Rubén Morán Galaviz, Oscar Olvera Flores, José Pérez Navarro, Kevin Pintor Belmontes, Fernando Ramirez Marbello, Luis Ramírez-González, Laura Reyes Aguirre, Ramona Rojas García, Eduardo Valtierra Robles, Reyes Cervantes Ortiz, Gonzalo Hernandez Gonzalez, Rosa Hernandez Krauss, Luis Hernández Miguelena, Marco Hurtado Romero, Isaac Baltazar Gomez, Celina Cuellar Aguirre, Alejandro Cuevas Avendaño, Luis Dominguez Sansores, Hector Ortiz Mejia, Laura Urdapilleta Gomez del Campo, Claudia Caballero Cerdan, David Dominguez Solano, Rafael Toriz Garcia, Mariana Barreto Gallo, Ana Cortes Flores, Alejandro Gonzalez Ojeda, Monica Jimenez Velasco, Rozana Reyes Gamez, Roque Lincona Menindez, Alberto Navarrete Peón, Irani Durán Sánchez, Diana Gonzalez Vazquez, Maria Martínez Lara, Laura Martinez Perez Maldonado, Alejandra Nayen Sainz de la Fuente, Antonio Ramos De la Medina, Khadija Ado, Mohammed Aliyu, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Mahmoud Magashi, Abubakar Muhammad, Saminu Muhammad, Bello Muideen, Idris Takai, Onyekachi Ukata, Opeoluwa Adesanya, David Awonuga, Olushola Fasiku, Chidiebere Ogo, Moruf Abdulsalam, Abimbola Adeniran, Grace Eke, Esther Momson, Francisca Nwaenyi, Olufunmilade Omisanjo, Yusuf Oshodi, Yemisi Oyewole, Omotade Salami, Omolara Williams, Victoria Adeleye, Opeyemi Akinajo, David Akinboyewa, Iyabo Alasi, Oluwole Atoyebi, Olanrewaju Balogun, Orimisan Belie, Andrew Ekwesianya, Francis Ezenwankwo, Adesola Jimoh, Jubril Kuku, Oluwaseun Ladipo- Ajayi, Ayomide Makanjuola, Olayanju Mokwenyei, Samuel Nwokocha, Rufus Ojewola, Abraham Oladimeji, Thomas Olajide, Oluwaseun Oluseye, Aloy Ugwu, Ochomma Egwuonwu, Okechukwu Ekwunife, Victor Modekwe, Chukwuemeka Okoro, Chisom Uche, Kenneth Ugwuanyi, Chuka Ugwunne, Akeem Adeleke, Wilson Adenikinju, Akinfolarin Adepiti, Adewale Aderounmu, Abdulhafiz Adesunkanmi, Adewale Adisa, Samuel Ajekwu, Olusegun Ajenjfuja, Jerrie Akindojutimi, Akinbolaji Akinkuolie, Olusegun Alatise, Olubukola Allen, Micheal Archibong, Olukayode Arowolo, Deborah Ayantona, Ademola Ayinde, Olusegun Badejoko, Tajudeen Badmus, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Emeka Igbodike, Omotade Ijarotimi, Adedayo Lawal, Fayowole Nana, Tunde Oduanafolabi, Olaniyi Olayemi, Stephen Omitinde, Owolabi Oni, Chigozie Onyeze, Ernest Orji, Adewale Rotimi, Abdulkadir Salako, Olufemi Solaja, Oluwaseun Sowemimo, Ademola Talabi, Mohammed Tajudeen, Francis Adebayo, Oseremen Aisuodionoe- Shadrach, Lazarus Ameh, Ndubuisi Mbajiekwe, Felix Ogbo, Samson Olori, Samuel Sani Abu Sadiq, Nancy Tabuanu, Martins Uanikhoba, Godwin Chiejina, Ekpo Edet, Mary Isa, Faith Iseh, Adams Marwa, Sunday Ogbeche, Edima Olory, Gabriel Udie, Joseph Udosen, Usang Usang, Olukayode Abayomi, Rukiyat Abdus-Salam, Sikiru Adebayo, Olanrewaju Amusat, Kelvin Egbuchulem, Hyginus Ekwuazi, Peter Elemile, Taiwo Lawal, Solomon Olagunju, Peter Osuala, Bamidele Suleman, Augustine Takure, Lukman Abdur-Rahman, Nurudeen Adeleke, Muideen Adesola, Rafiat Afolabi, Sulaiman Agodirin, Isiaka Aremu, Jibril Bello, Saheed Lawal, Abdulwahab Lawal, Hadijat Raji, Olayinka Sayomi, Asimiyu Shittu, Jude Ede, Sebastian Ekenze, Vincent Enemuo, Matthew Eze, Uchechukwu Ezomike, Emmanuel Izuka, Okezie Mbadiwe, Ngozi Mbah, Uba Ezinne, Iweha Ikechukwu, Okoi Nnyonno, Philemon Okoro, Igwe Patrick, Oriji Vaduneme, Abhulimen Victor, Salathiel Kanyarukiko, Francine Mukaneza, Deborah Mukantibaziyaremye, Aphrodis Munyaneza, Gibert Ndegamiye, Ronald Tubasiime, Moses Dusabe, Emelyne Izabiriza, Hope Lydia Maniraguha, Christophe Mpirimbanyi, Josiane Mutuyimana, Olivier Mwenedata, Francine Uwizeyimana, Job Zirikana, Aime Dieudonne Hirwa, Elysee Kabanda, Salomee Mbonimpaye, Christine Mukakomite, Piolette Muroruhirwe, Georges Bucyibaruta, Gisele Juru Bunogerane, Sosthene Habumuremyi, Jean de Dieu Haragirimana, Alphonsine Imanishimwe, Violette Mukanyange, Emmanuel Munyaneza, Emmanuel Mutabazi, Isaie Ncogoza, Jeannette Nyirahabimana, Mary Augusta Adams, Richard Crawford, Chikwendu Jeffrey Ede, Maria Fourtounas, Morapedi Kwati, Mpho Nosipho Mathe, Ncamsile Anthea Nhlabathi, Hlengiwe Samkelisiwe Nxumalo, Paddy Pattinson, Nnosa Sentholang, Mmule Evelyn Sethoana, Maria Elizabeth Stassen, Laura Thornley, Cheryl Birtles, Mathete Ivy, Cynthia Mbavhalelo, Zain Ally, Abdus-sami Adewunmi, Maria Picciochi, Michael Bahrami-Hessari, Didier Ahogni Benin, Aristide Ahounou, K. Alassan Boukari, Oswald Gbehade, Thierry K Hessou, Sinama Nindopa, M.J. Bienvenue Nontonwanou, Nafissatou Orou Guessou, Arouna Sambo, Sorekou Victoire Tchati, Affisatou Tchogo, Semevo Romaric Tobome, Parfait Yanto, Isidore Gandaho, Armel Hadonou, Simplice Hinvo, Montcho Adrien Hodonou, Sambo Bio Tamou, Marie-Claire Kouroumta, Enrif Malade, Anne stredy Mkoh Dikao, Joel Nzuwa Nsilu, Nathan Bisimwa Mitima, Cyrille Kpangon, Stephane Laurent Loupeda, Mamonde Victorin Agbangla, Sena Emmanuel Hedefoun, Thierry Mavoha, Juvenal Ngaguene, Janvier Rugendabanga, Rish Romaric Soton, Martin Totin, Mouhamed Agbadebo, Irene Akpo, Hubert Dewamon, Martin Djeto, Aissatou Hada, Monsede Hollo, Albert Houndji, Anasthasie Houndote, Sylvestre Hounsa, Expedit Kpatchassou, Hugues Yome, Mohamed Moussa Alidou, Bonheur Dossou Yovo, Robert Guinnou, Souleymane Hamadou, Nabil Moussa, Boniface Cakpo, Lolyta Etchisse, Emery Hatangimana, Moise Muhindo, Katia Sanni, Agossou Barthelemy Yevide, Hermann Agossou, Fiston Basirwa Musengo, Bill Armstrong Alia, Arnaud Alitonou, Lucien Agbanda, Julien Attinon, Marcel Gbassi, Nounagnon Rene Hounsou, Derick Esssien, Yakubu Mustapha, Kojo Nunoo-Ghartey, Luke A Aniakwo, Margarey N M Adjei, Yvonne Adofo-Asamoah, Meshach M Agyapong, Thomas Agyen, Baba A B Alhassan, Mabel P Amoako-Boateng, Josephine Ashong, Joseph K Awindaogo, Benjamin B Brimpong, Makafui S C J K Dayie, Wendy W Ghansah, Jude E Gyamfi, Vincent Kudoh, Philip Mensah, Isabella N Morkor Opandoh, Martin T Morna, Emelia Odame, Emmanuel O Ofori, Sandra Quaicoo, Elizabert M Quartson, Cynthia Teye-Topey, Makafui Yigah, Safia Yussif, Vera O Agyekum-Gyimah, Eric Agyemang, Arko Akoto- Ampaw, Temitope E Arkorful, Moses A Dokurugu, Nanabanyin Essel, Aja Ijeoma, Emmanuel L Obiri, Karen N D Quarchey, Leslie Adam-Zakariah, Aaron B Andoh, Ruby A Boateng, Atta Kusiwaa, Adeline Naah, Ato Oppon-Acquah, Benjamin A Oppong, Emma A Agbowada, Ameley Akosua, O Lawrence Dorcas Acheampong, Frank E Gyamfi, Bertina B Nyadu, Samira Abdulai, Nii A Adu-Aryee, Joachim K Amoako, Nicholas T Aperkor, Wilfred K Asman, Godsway S Attepor, Antoinette A Bediako-Bowan, George D Brown, Victor K Etwire, Benjamin S Fenu, Philemon K Kumassah, Linda A Larbi-Siaw, Josephine Nsaful, David O Olatola, Sandra E Tsatsu, Iddrisu I A Abdul-Aziz, Johnson Akunyam, Gilbert A G Anasara, Charles G Barimah, Guy C Boateng, Ponala W Kwabena, Seidu M Kwarteng, Prosper T Luri, Kennedy Ngaaso, David K D Ogudi, Collins Kyeremeh, Clement Sie-Broni, Saba Abdul-Hafiz, Daniel K Acquah, Shamsudeen M Adams, Mohammed S Alhassan, Munira Amadu, Samuel A Asirifi, Martin Awe, Millicent Azanlerigu, Mathias K Dery, Yenli Edwin, Abantanga Atindaana Francis, Aloysius Maalekuu, Hawa Malechi, Ibrahim Mohammed, Kareem Mumuni, Bernard A Ofori, Jonathan I K Quansah, Napoleon Bellua Sam, Anwar S Seidu, Shekira Yahaya, Emmanuel Kojo Acquah, Jaabir Alhassan, Christian L Coompson, Addo K Gyambibi, Ametepe Jeffery-Felix, Bismark E Kontor, Gifty Naah, Carmen Noufuentes, Abraham Sakyi, Ramkaran Chaudhary, Sanjeev Misra, Dharma R Poonia, Kirti K Rathod, Mahaveer S Rodha, Nivedita Sharma, Subhash C Soni, Vaibhav K Varsheney, Jeevan R Vishnoi, Deepak K Garnaik, Manoj J Lokavarapu, Rohit Ranjan, Rajkumar K Seenivasagam, Shanky Singh, Raunak Verma, Suzan John, Jeffery A Kalyanapu, Ananta Kutma, Sanish Philips, Arun K Gautham, Deepak S Singh, Eunice S Abraham, Chetana Chetana, Prashant Dummala, Chinta S Gold, Jurgen Jacob, Jeremiah N Joseph, Elizabeth N Kurien, Priya Mary, Arpit J Mathew, Amy E Mathew, Danita D Prakash, Ashwin Sukumar, Niyah Syam, Alisha Bhatt, Dhruva N Ghosh, Ankush Goyal, Monika A Hans, Jyoti Jyoti, Karan Kumar, Vivin Daniel Sam, Ravinder Singh Thind, Sreejith K Veetil, Rahul Williams, D Sreekar, Esther R Daniel, Smitha E Jacob, Mark R Jesudason, Pushplatha Kumari, Soosan Prasad, Srujan Sharma, Moonish V Sivakumar, Paul Trinity, Sudheer Kanchodu, K Leshiini, Sundeep S Saluja, Ashok K Attri, Ishan Bansal, Monika Gureh, Simran Kapoor, Harmanjot Kaur, Simrandeep Singh, Viju John, Nivesh Agrawal, Uttkarsh Kumar, S Abhishek, Vikram Sehrawat, Gaurav Thami, Stanley Mathew, P S Prabhu, P T Sundeep, Shiv Rajan, Mohit Singh, Abhilasha Tripathi, Philip V Alexander, A Vijay, Moloti Kichu* Ismavel, Carolin V Solomi, Rahul A Alpheus, Ashish Victor Choudhrie, Rashmi Jacob Gunny, Susan Joseph, Nitin J Peters, Neha Pundir, Ram Samujh, Hafsa I Ahmed, Gowhar Aziz, Nisar A Chowdri, Rayees A Dar, Robindera Kour, Imtiyaz Mantoo, Asif Mehraj, Fazl Q Parray, Najmus Saqib, Zamir A Shah, Rauf A Wani, Komal Rautela, Nishu Singh, Priyanka Chowdhury, Sona Chowdhury, Pragyanmai Nayak, Bipradas Roy, Andrea S Alvarez Villaseñor, Kriscia V Ascencio Díaz, Victor J Avalos Herrera, Francisco J Barbosa, Elyoenai Bonilla Ahumada, Irma V Brancaccio, Miguel A Calderón, Guadalupe Castillo Cardiel, Guillermo A Cervantes, Gabino Cervantes Guevara, Enrique Cervantes Perez, Maria Chávez, Jonathan M Chejfec, Luis R Cifuentes, Ana O Cortés, Edgar J Cortes, Tania A Cueto, Andrea E Cueto, Esteban Cueva Martinez, Paulina Domínguez Barradas, Isaac Esparza Estrada, Paola Flores Becerril, Luis A García, Benjamín García Reyna, Eduardo Gómez Sánchez, Jaime L González, Eduardo González Espinoza, Fanny Y González, Cristhian S Guerrero, José A Guzmán, Bertha G Guzmán, Mario J Guzmán, DanielA Hérnandez Alva, SilviaA Ibarra Camargo, JuanC Ibarrola Peña, Martin Islas Torres, Jorge Jiménez Tornero, ZayraM Lara Pérez, Roberto Mares País, MelP Mellado Tellez, RobertoC Miranda Ackerman, Damián Mora Santana, Gilberto Morgan Villela, Rodrigo Nájar Hinojosa, Cesar Nuño Escobar, Itzel Ochoa Rodríguez, Angelica Ortega Barreiro, Jacqueline Osuna Rubio, Luis RPacheco Vallejo, VíctorH Pérez Bocanegra, JoseV Pérez Navarro, Francisco JPlascencia Posada, MaríaA Quirarte Hernández, LuisR Ramirez Gonzalez, Emilio AReyes Elizalde, EveliaV Romo Ascencio, Cornelio Ruelas Bravo, CarlosB Ruiz Velasco, JoséA Sánchez Martínez, Guillermo Sanchez Villaseñor, JoséI Sandoval Pulido, AlejandroG Serrano García, LuisO Suárez Carreón, JuanJ Tijerina Ávila, JesusO Vega Gastelum, MelissaL Vicencio Ramirez, MariaF Zarate Casas, CarlosJ Zuloaga, Fernández del Valle, JesusAntonion Aguilar Mata, MiguelAntonio Calderon Vanegas, RocioGuadalupe Cano Arias, Carlos Colunga Tinajero, Fernanda Diaz Samano, Fernando Duque Zepeda, BrendaVanessa Enriquez Barajas, Gerardo Gallardo Banuelos, MarijoseDe CristoGonzalez Calvillo, Francisco Ibanez Ortiz, Maryzela Lazo Ramirez, Gerardo Lopez Arroyo, LauraOlivia Montano Angeles, DavidGiovannyI Morales Iriarte, AngeloFernando Mortola Lomeli, Jose EstebanOrozco Navarro, Jaime Orozco Perez, Damaris Orozco Ramirez, LauraGabriela Pena Baolboa, Jesus Pizarro Lozano, Guillermo Yanowsky Reyes, Monica N Castillo, Ana CamilleG Dominguez, Dorihela H Mellado, Jesus FlavioM Morales, Luzdel CarmenM Namur, Jose AlbertoA Pesquera, LauraMartinez Perez Maldonado, Antonio RamosDe laMedina, Katya Bozada-Gutierrez, AnaFlorencia Casado-Zarate, Roberto Delano-Alonso, Jose Herrera-Esquivel, Mucio Moreno-Portillo, Mario Trejo-Avila, Roland Kevin CethorthFonseca, Edgard Efren LozadaHernandez, Bruno Crocco Quiros, JairoArturo Rodriguez Ramirez, Gabriela Ambriz-González, MitziR Becerra Moscoso, Ishtar Cabrera-Lozano, AnaB Calderón-Alvarado, FranciscoJ León-Frutos, ErickE Villanueva-Martínez, Aisha Abdullahi, Maimuna Abubakar, MohammedS Aliyu, Mudi Awaisu, Fadimatu Bakari, Abigail Olajumoke Balogun, Ahmad Bello, Kehinde Michael Duromola, Stephen G Gana, Mukoro Duke George, Justina Gimba, Isaac Gundu, Lambert Onahi Iji, Aminat O Jimoh, Afolabi K Koledade, Ahmad T Lawal, Bilkisu K Lawal, Stanley Emeka Nwabuoku, Oluseyi O Ogunsua, Ifeanyi Fidelis Okafor, Ethos Ike Okorie, Nasir Oyelowo, Ibrahim A Saidu, Tunde T Sholadoye, Ibrahim Sufyan, Musliu Adetola Tolani, Aliyu Muhammad Tukur, Ahmad Shehu Umar, Aminatu M Umar, Hajara Umaru-Sule, Mohammed Usman, Alfa Yakubu, Salisu Abeku Yusuf, Abdulhafiz A Abdulkarim, Lawal Barau Abdullahi, Khadija A Ado, Nura U Aliyu, Lofty-John Chukwuemeka Anyanwu, Sulaiman M Daneji, Mahmoud Kawu Magashi, Mohammad A Mohammad, Abubakar Bala Muhammad, Saminu S Muhammad, Bello Abodunde Muideen, Calistus U Nwachukwu, Suleiman B Sallau, Abdulrahman A Sheshe, Abdulmajeed Soladoye, Idris Usman Takai, Garzali I Umar, Abubakar Yahaya, Lubabatu Abdulrasheed, Joel A Adze, Lydia R Airede, Bashiru Aminu, Stephen B Bature, Firdaws Bello-Tukur, Damai Chinyio, SharonA N Duniya, Moses C Galadima, Babatunde K Hamza, Samaila Joshua, Stephen A Kache, Williams Y Kagomi, Ifeanyi A Kene, Jamila Lawal, Jerry G Makama, Caleb Mohammed, Amina A Mohammed-Durosinlorun, Deborah Nuwam, Abdulrasheed Sani, Salome Tabara, Mathew C Taingson, Emmanuel Usam, Josiah Yakubu, Folasade Adegoke, Oluwasuyi Ige, Tunde A Odunafolabi, Chukwuma E Okereke, Oluwafemi O Oladele, Oluwaseun H Olaleye, Oyetunde O Olubayo, Olukayode P Abiola, Henry O Abiyere, Idowu O Adebara, GbadeboT C Adeleye, Adebayo A Adeniyi, Olumide E Adewara, Olabisi T Adeyemo, Ademola A Adeyeye, Abimbola L Ariyibi, Babatunde S Awoyinka, Olumide M Ayankunle, Olakunle F Babalola, Adewumi Bakare, TajudeenI B Bakare, Oluseyi O Banjo, Peter A Egharevba, Oluwafemi S Fatudimu, John A Obateru, Oluremi J Odesanya, Owolabi D Ojo, Abiodun I Okunlola, Cecilia K Okunlola, Adewale T Olajide, Tesleem O Orewole, Adedayo I Salawu, Moruf A Abdulsalam, Aderinsola T Adelaja, Olalekan T Ajai, Noble Anyanwu, Kazeem M Atobatele, Oludayo Oluwaseyi Bakare, Omolara M Faboya, Francisca C Nwaenyi, Ayokunle A Ogunyemi, Mobolaji A Oludara, Olufunmilade A Omisanjo, Chinonso U Onyeka, Olabode A Oshodi, Yusuf A Oshodi, Omotade S Salami, Omolara M Williams, Esther Abunimye, Adebunmi Adeoluwa, Adedotun Adesiyakan, Victoria Ibukunoluwa Adeyeye, Moses Vincent Agbulu, David O Akinboyewa, Iyabo O Alasi, Michael Amao, Christiana Ashley-Osuzoka, Oluwole A Atoyebi, Olanrewaju S Balogun, Maryam Oluwatobi Busari, Nnamdi Jonathan Duru, Glory Bassey Edet, Olumide A Elebute, Francis Chinonso Ezenwankwo, Adedeji L Fatuga, Christianah Gbenga-Oke, Emmanuel Sylvester Inyang, Adesola I Jimoh, Jubril Oladayo Kuku, OluwaseunA Ladipo-Ajayi, Abdulrazzaq O Lawal, Christian Chigoze Makwe, Chinelo Victoria Mgbemena, Samuel U Nwokocha, Moses Adebisi Ogunjimi, Ephraim Okwudiri Ohazurike, Rufus W Ojewola, Moyosoluwa Eunice Badedale, Chike J Okeke, Adeyemi A Okunowo, Abraham T Oladimeji, Thomas O Olajide, Olabisi Olanrewaju, Olawunmi Olayioye, Oluwaseun O Oluseye, Stephen Olutola, Kenneth Onyekachi, Adeola Ayoola Orowale, Emili Osariemen, Adedapo Olumide Osinowo, Emmanuel Owie, Christianah Bidemi Oyegbola, Justina OSeyi-Olajide, AdaiahP Soibi-Harry, Manuella Talla Timo, Aloy Okechukwu Ugwu, Emmanuel Ojo Williams, Innocent O Duruewuru, Ochonma A Egwuonwu, Okechukwu Hyginus Ekwunife, James J Emeka, Chimdiebele Daisy Nwosu, Sylvester O Obiechina, Ahuizechukwu E Obiesie, Celestine I Okafor, Theophilus O Okonoboh, Odili A Okoye, Onyekachi A Onu, Chukwudubem C Onyejiaka, Chisom Faith Uche, JosephO Ugboajah, Akeem A Adeleke, Akinfolarin C Adepiti, Adewale A Aderounmu, Abdulhafiz O Adesunkanmi, Adewale O Adisa, Samuel C Ajekwu, Olusegun K Ajenifuja, Olusegun I Alatise, Tajudeen A Badmus, Tajudeen O Mohammed, Abdulkadir A Salako, Oludayo A Sowande, Ademola O Talabi, Funmilola O Wuraola, Paul Aderemi Adegoke, Abidemi Akinloye, Ayodeji Akinniyi, Joseph Ejimogu, Ideyonbe Samuel Eseile, Olakayode Olaolu Ogundoyin, Amos Okedare, Dare Isaac Olulana, Omolara Omotola, Francis Sanwo, Collins C Adumah, Adewale O Ajagbe, Olugbenga P Akintunde, Opeyemi Q Asafa, Kehinde Awodele, Amogu K Eziyi, Adeniyi O Fasanu, Olufemi O Ojewuyi, Abiodun R Ojewuyi, Abisola E Oyedele, Oluwaseun A Taiwo, Habiba I Abdullahi, Nathaniel D Adewole, Teddy E Agida, Eunice E Ailunia, Oseremen Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Godwin O Akaba, Janet Alfred, Terkaa Atim, Kehinde G Bawa, John Y Chinda, Esther B Daluk, Sefiu B Eniola, Augusta O Ezenwa, Stephen E Garba, Philip M Mshelbwala, Ngozi O Ndukwe, Idoko P Ogolekwu, Alexander A Ohemu, Samuel A Sani, Salisu Suleiman, Helen Sunday, Nancy O Tabuanu, Aminu M Umar, Peter I Agbonrofo, Alexander I Arekhandia, Morrison E Edena, Raymond A Eghonghon, Joel E Enaholo, Genesis Ida, Stanley N Ideh, Oseihie I Iribhogbe, Omorodion O Irowa, Maradona E Isikhuemen, Oluwatomi R Odutola, Kester O Okoduwa, Scott O Omorogbe, David Oruade, Osasumwen T Osagie, Osarenkhoe Osemwegie, RukiyatA Abdus-Salam, Sikiru Adekola Adebayo, Oluwasanmi A Ajagbe, Gboyega Ajibola, Kelvin I Egbuchulem, Hyginus O Ekwuazi, Adegbolahan Fakoya, Oluwasegun C Idowu, David O Irabor, Taiwo A Lawal, Olakayode O Ogundoyin, Oluwabukade Ojediran, Naomi Olagunju, Akinsola T Sanusi, Augustine O Takure, Lukman Olajide Abdur-Rahman, Mary Oluwadamilola Adebisi, Nurudeen Abiola Adeleke, Rafiat Tinuola Afolabi, Isiaka Ishola Aremu, Jibril Oyekunle Bello, Robiat Bello, Saheed Abolade Lawal, Adeolu Ojajuni, Sabur Oyewale, Victor Abhulimen, Patrick O Igwe, Ikechukwu Enyinnaya Iweha, Raphael E John, Nnyonno Okoi, Philemon E Okoro, Vaduneme Kingsley Oriji, Ibiene T Oweredaba, Japhet Mizero, Immaculee Mutimamwiza, Francoise Nirere, Irenee Niyongombwa, Jean Paul Majyabere, Anastase Byaruhanga, Rongin Dukuzimana, Jean Aimable Habiyakare, Marie Gloriose Nabada, Marcel Uwizeye, Mathias Ruhosha, Joselyne Igiraneza, Faustine Ingabire, Aloys Karekezi, Jean pierre Masengesho, Lydia Mukamazera, Clemence Mukangabo, Jean Paul Niyomuremyi, Gabriel Ntwari, Celestin Seneza, Divine Umuhoza, Pierrine Nyirangeri, Jean Claude Uwimana, Isaie Sibomana, Desire Rubanguka, Josine Umuhoza, Roda Uwayezu, Leoncie Uzikwambara, Herbert Butana, Moise Dusabeyezu, Athanasie Mukasine, Jean N Utumatwishima, Mediatrice Batangana, Jeande Dieu Haragirimana, AllenJ C Ingabire, Espoir Mwungura, Dancilla Nyirasebura, Christian Jean Urimubabo, Anaclet Dusabimana, Sam Kanyesigye, Robert Munyaneza, Jean Yves Shyirakera, Aimee Domingo, Philip Munda, Chido Nyatsambo, Victor Ojo, Rudo Pswarayi, and Soeren Laurberg

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published
2024
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11. Machine learning-based remission prediction in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs: findings from the Kuwait rheumatic disease registry

Author

Ahmad R. Alsaber, Adeeba Al-Herz, Balqees Alawadhi, Iyad Abu Doush, Parul Setiya, Ahmad T. AL-Sultan, Khulood Saleh, Adel Al-Awadhi, Eman Hasan, Waleed Al-Kandari, Khalid Mokaddem, Aqeel A. Ghanem, Yousef Attia, Mohammed Hussain, Naser AlHadhood, Yaser Ali, Hoda Tarakmeh, Ghaydaa Aldabie, Amjad AlKadi, and Hebah Alhajeri

Subjects
rheumatoid arthritis, bDMARDs, machine learning, explainable artificial intelligence, KRRD, Information technology, T58.5-58.64
Abstract

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common condition treated with biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic medicines (bDMARDs). However, many patients exhibit resistance, necessitating the use of machine learning models to predict remissions in patients treated with bDMARDs, thereby reducing healthcare costs and minimizing negative effects.ObjectiveThe study aims to develop machine learning models using data from the Kuwait Registry for Rheumatic Diseases (KRRD) to identify clinical characteristics predictive of remission in RA patients treated with biologics.MethodsThe study collected follow-up data from 1,968 patients treated with bDMARDs from four public hospitals in Kuwait from 2013 to 2022. Machine learning techniques like lasso, ridge, support vector machine, random forest, XGBoost, and Shapley additive explanation were used to predict remission at a 1-year follow-up.ResultsThe study used the Shapley plot in explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to analyze the effects of predictors on remission prognosis across different types of bDMARDs. Top clinical features were identified for patients treated with bDMARDs, each associated with specific mean SHAP values. The findings highlight the importance of clinical assessments and specific treatments in shaping treatment outcomes.ConclusionThe proposed machine learning model system effectively identifies clinical features predicting remission in bDMARDs, potentially improving treatment efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Published
2024
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12. High Frequency of cagA and vacA s1a/m2 Genotype among Helicobacter pylori Infected Gastric Biopsies of Pakistani Children

Author

Ahmed, S., Bilal, R., Ali, S., Ali, M., Ahmad, T., and Rasheed, F.

Subjects
H. pylori, Frequency, Children, vacA, cagA, PCR, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

The vacuolating cytotoxin VacA and cytotoxin associated gene product CagA, encoded by vacA and cagA are major virulence determinants associated with pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori. The presence and prevalence of two major H. pylori virulence associated genes among gastric biopsies of Pakistani children were investigated in the current study. Fifty one gastric biopsy specimens of children were analysed for 16S rRNA, vacA and cagA genes using PCR. The results showed that 21 (41.2%) biopsies were positive for H. pylori as determined by 16S rRNA PCR. In the 21 H. pylori positive gastric biopsies, 19 (90.5%) showed vacA s1a, 1 (4.75%) was vacA s1b and 1 (4.75%) was vacA s2 whereas, 5 (23.8%) were vacA m1 and 16 (76.2%) were vacA m2. None of the H. pylori positive biopsies carried vacA s1c subtype. The cagA gene was found in 13 (61.9%) of H. pylori infected biopsies and different vacA combinations were found with or without cagA gene. H. pylori was detected with high frequency of cagA while vacA s1a and vacA m2 regions with vacA s1a/m2 genotype were predominant in H. pylori infected gastric biopsies of children.

Published
2011

15. Association of vitamin D and inflammatory biomarkers with newly diagnosed cases of hypothyroidism- A case-control study

Author

Ahmad N, Iqbal S, Ahmad M, Farooque I, Khatoon T, Gupta A, and Ahmad T

Subjects
vitamin d, crp, il-6, hypothyroidism, hypothyroid patients, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background: Deranged thyroid hormones and TSH induces the release of inflammatory biomarkers and recent evidence has demonstrated an association between low vitamin D status and autoimmune thyroid diseases, but there is little documented evidence available about the association of vitamin D and inflammatory biomarkers. So, this study was planned to investigate the relationship between vitamin D and inflammatory biomarkers. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out among 60 study participants (30 cases and 30 controls) in the Department of Biochemistry, F.H Medical College, its associated Hospital from January 2023 to June 2023 The samples were divided in to two groups, cases (hypothyroid patients) and healthy control group. Serum was separated by centrifuging blood at 3000 rpm for 10 mi. Estimation of CRP was done turbidimetric immune assay method. Statistical analysis was done by using the (SPSS) version 20.0. Pearson correlation and Student’s t-test was applied, p-value

Published
2024
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17. New improvement of the ϕ6-model expansion method and its applications to the new (3+1)-dimensional integrable Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation

Author

Ahmad T. Ali, Belal Al-Khamaiseh, and Ahmad H. Alkasasbeh

Subjects
ϕ6-model expansion method, New (3 + 1)-dimensional integrable Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation, Jacobi elliptic function expansion method, Applied mathematics. Quantitative methods, T57-57.97
Abstract

In this paper, an improvement for the ϕ6-model expansion method is presented. In this approach, contrary to the classical ϕ6-model expansion method, obtaining explicit solutions for nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations is congenial and undemanding of any constraint conditions, where the method can be applied and used for obtaining solutions without having any conditions on them. Moreover, the new approach is used to obtain new solutions for the new (3+1)-dimensional integrable Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation. We demonstrated that for the same equation, the classical ϕ6-model expansion and the improved ϕ6-model expansion approaches produce the same family of solutions. However, the improved ϕ6-model expansion method is found to be more efficient and convenient.

Published
2024
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20. Optimising the Management of Arriving Baggage at a Kuwait Airways Passenger Terminal using Mathematical Programming and Simulation

Author

Ahmad A. Abdullah, Ahmad T. Al-Sultan, and Ahmad Alsaber

Subjects
Management. Industrial management, HD28-70, Economic growth, development, planning, HD72-88
Abstract

Handling luggage systems is a critical component of a passenger terminal's operations. The proposed study attempts to find the optimal solution for a manually operated terminal concerning the luggage offloading process from arrival flights carried by a limited number of ground handling agents. Handling agents start the offloading process from the aircraft to the cargo luggage containers carried by a cargo car that will take the containers' trolleys to the cargo area to offload them into the reserved luggage belt carousel. This study aims to improve airport service quality by minimizing the baggage handling process time for arrival flights which leads to minimizing passenger waiting time in the baggage claim area. We proposed both a deterministic and stochastic approach. The integer programming method is provided to minimize the total number of flights assigned to the belt carousel under the realistic constraint of minimizing the luggage load on each belt carousel. Simulation tools were used so that the offloading process could be modeled to study the effects of various parameters such as the number of ground handling agents for different flights with different amounts of luggage. (original abstract)

Published
2024

25. Flexor Hallucis Longus Transfer And V-Y Plasty: An Effective Treatment Modality for Chronic Achilles Rupture -A Case Series

Author

Rashid RH, Ali R, Zahid M, Ali M, and Ahmad T

Subjects
flexor hallucis longus transfer, chronic achilles tendon rupture, insertional achilles tendinopathy, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811
Abstract

Introduction: To assess outcomes of FHL transfer and V-Y plasty for chronic Achilles rupture due to insertional Achilles tendinopathy. Materials and methods: A case series of 12 patients was conducted between 1st January 2017 and 31st December 2018. The patients had short flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer with gastrocnemius lengthening by V-Y plasty for Achilles tendon rupture. Patients were allowed full weight bearing at six weeks post-operatively, and were followed up at three months and six months post-operatively, when the range of motion of the ankle was examined, and the outcome was assessed using the EFAS score. Results: Of the 12 patients in the study, the majority were males; the mean age was 50.6±8.96 years. A significant improvement in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion was noted at the six-month follow-up compared to the three-month follow-up (P=

Published
2023
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26. Finite Element–Boundary Element Acoustic Backscattering with Model Reduction of Surface Pressure Based on Coherent Clusters

Author

Petr Krysl and Ahmad T. Abawi

Subjects
model reduction, coherent cluster, acoustic backscattering, coupled finite element–boundary element model, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Computing backscattering of harmonic acoustic waves from underwater elastic targets of arbitrary shape is a problem of considerable practical significance. The finite element method is commonly applied to the discretization of the target; on the other hand, the boundary element method naturally incorporates the radiation boundary condition at infinity. The coupled model tends to be expensive, primarily due to the need to manipulate large, dense, and complex matrices and to repeatedly solve systems of complex linear algebraic equations of significant size for each frequency of interest. In this article, we develop a model reduction transformation based on the notion of coherence applied to the surface pressures, which considerably reduces the size of the systems to be solved. We found that the proposed model reduction approach delivers acceptably accurate results at a fraction of the cost of the full model. A typical speedup of an order of magnitude was realized in our numerical experiments. Our approach enables backscattering computations with considerably larger models than have been feasible to date.

Published
2023
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30. Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries

Author

Kachapila, Mwayi, Oppong, Raymond, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Bhangu, Aneel, Dauda, Risikat, Ghosh, Dhruva N., Kamarajah, Sivesh K, Lawani, Ismail, Medina, Antonio Ramos-De la, Monahan, Mark, Morton, Dion G., Omar, Omar, Picciochi, Maria, Tabiri, Stephen, Roberts, Tracy E., Brocklehurst, Peter, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Glasbey, James, Hardy, Pollyanna, Harrison, Ewen, Lillywhite, Rachel, Magill, Laura, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Simoes, Joana, Smith, Donna, Kadir, Bryar, Pinkney, Thomas, Brant, Felicity, Li, Elizabeth, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Bahrami-Hessari, Michael, Bywater, Edward, Martinez, Laura, Habumuremyi, Sosthene, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Williams, Emmanuel, Fourtounas, Maria, Melic, Bokossa K. Covalic, Suroy, Atul, Ahogni, Didier, Ahounou, Aristide, Boukari, K. Alassan, Gbehade, Oswald, Hessou, Thierry K, Nindopa, Sinama, Nontonwanou, M.J. Bienvenue, Guessou, Nafissatou Orou, Sambo, Arouna, Tchati, Sorekou Victoire, Tchogo, Affisatou, Tobome, Semevo Romaric, Yanto, Parfait, Gandaho, Isidore, Hadonou, Armel, Hinvo, Simplice, Hodonou, Montcho Adrien, Tamou, Sambo Bio, Lawani, Souliath, Dossou, Francis Moise, Gaou, Antoine, Goudou, Roland, Kouroumta, Marie-Claire, Malade, Enrif, Dikao, Anne stredy Mkoh, Nsilu, Joel Nzuwa, Ogouyemi, Pencome, Akpla, Marcelin, Mitima, Nathan Bisimwa, Kovohouande, Blaise, Loupeda, Stephane Laurent, Agbangla, Mamonde Victorin, Hedefoun, Sena Emmanuel, Mavoha, Thierry, Ngaguene, Juvenal, Rugendabanga, Janvier, Soton, Rish Romaric, Totin, Martin, Agbadebo, Mouhamed, Dewamon, Hubert, Akpo, Irene, Djeto, Martin, Hada, Aissatou, Hollo, Monsede, Houndji, Albert, Houndote, Anasthasie, Hounsa, Sylvestre, Kpatchassou, Expedit, Yome, Hugues, Alidou, Mohamed Moussa, Bara, Eric Jerry, Yovo, B.T. Bonheur Dossou, Guinnou, Robert, Hamadou, Souleymane, Kola, H.Pauline, Moussa, Nabil, Cakpo, Boniface, Etchisse, Lolyta, Hatangimana, Emery, Muhindo, Moise, Sanni, Katia, Yevide, Agossou Barthelemy, Agossou, Hermann, Musengo, Fiston Basirwa, Behanzin, Hulrich, Seto, Djifid Morel, Alia, Bill Armstrong, Alitonou, Arnaud, Mehounou, Y.Edith, Agbanda, Lucien, Attinon, Julien, Hounsou, Nounagnon Rene, Gbassi, Marcel, Adagrah, Aniakwo, Alhassan, Bin Baaba Alhaji, Amoako-Boateng, Mabel Pokuah, Appiah, Anthony Baffour, Asante-Asamani, Alvin, Boakye, Benedict, Debrah, Samuel A, Ganiyu, Rahman Adebisi, Enti, Donald, Koggoh, Patience, Kpankpari, Richard, Opandoh, Isanella Naa M., Manu, Meshach Agyemang, Manu, Maison Patrick Opoku, Mensah, Samuel, Morna, Martin Tangnaa, Nortey, Michael, Nkrumah, John, Ofori, Emmanuel Owusu, Quartson, Elizaberth Mercy, Acquah, Ato Oppong, Adam-Zakariah, Leslie Issa, Asabre, Esther, Boateng, Ruby Acheampong, Koomson, Barbara, Kusiwaa, Ataa, Twerefour, Emmanuel Yaw, 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Aggarwal, Manisha, Kanna, Vinoth, Kaur, Harmanjot, Kumar, Ashwani, Singh, Simrandeep, Singh, Gurtaj, John, Viju, Adnan, Mohammed, Kumar, Pardeep, S, Abhishek, Sehrawat, Vikram, Singla, Deepak, Thami, Gaurav, Kumar, Vijay, Mathew, Stanley, Akhtar, Naseem, Chaturvedi, Arun, Gupta, Sameer, Prakash, Puneet, Rajan, Shiv, Singh, Mohit, Tripathi, Abhilasha, Thomas, Josy, Zechariah, Pradeep, Kichu, Moloti, Joseph, Susan, Pundir, Neha, Samujh, Ram, Kour, Robindera, Saqib, Najmus, Raul, Subrat, Rautela, Komal, Sharma, Rajeev, Singh, Nishu, Vakil, Rakesh, Chowdhury, Priyanka, Chowdhury, Sona, Roy, Bipradas, Abdullahi, Aisha, Abubakar, Maimuna, Awaisu, Mudi, Bakari, Fadimatu, Bashir, Mohammed, Bello, Ahmad, Daniyan, Muhammad, Gimba, Justina, Gundu, Isaac, Oyelowo, Nasir, Sufyan, Ibrahim, Umaru-Sule, Hajara, Usman, Mohammed, Yahya, Anisah, Yakubu, Alfa, Abdullahi, Muzzammil, Soladoye, Abdulmajeed, Yahaya, Abubakar, Abdulrasheed, Lubabatu, Aminu, Bashiru, Bello-Tukur, Firdaws, Chinyio, Damai, Joshua, Samaila, Lawal, Jamila, Mohammed, Caleb, Nuwam, Deborah, Sale, Danjuma, Sani, Abdulrasheed, Tabara, Salome, Usam, Emmanuel, Yakubu, Josiah, Adegoke, Folasade, Ige, Oluwasuyi, Bakare, Adewumi, Akande, Olukemi, Anyanwu, Noble, Eke, Grace, Oyewole, Yemisi, Abunimye, Esther, Adeoluwa, Adebunmi, Adesiyakan, Adedotun, Amao, Michael, Ashley-Osuzoka, Christiana, Gbenga-Oke, Christianah, Olanrewaju, Olabisi, Olayioye, Olawunmi, Olutola, Stephen, Onyekachi, Kenneth, Osariemen, Emili, Osunwusi, Benedetto, Owie, Emmanuel, Okoro, Chukwuemeka, Ugwuanyi, Kenneth, Ugwunne, Chuka, Olasehinde, Olalekan, Akinloye, Abidemi, Akinniyi, Ayodeji, Ejimogu, Joseph, Okedare, Amos, Omotola, Omolara, Sanwo, Francis, Awodele, Kehinde, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen, Alfred, Janet, Atim, Terkaa, Mbajiekwe, Ndubuisi, Olori, amson, Suleiman, Salisu, Sunday, Helen, Ida, Genesis, Oruade, David, Osemwegie, Osarenkhoe, Ajibola, Gboyega, Elemile, Peter, Fakoya, Adegbolahan, Ojediran, Oluwabukade, Olagunju, Naomi, Bello, Robiat, Ojajuni, Adeolu, Oyewale, Sabur, Abhulimen, Victor, Okoi, Nnyonno, Mizero, Japhet, Mutimamwiza, Immaculee, Nirere, Francoise, Niyongombwa, Irenee, Byaruhanga, Anastase, Dukuzimana, Rongin, Uwizeye, Marcel, Ruhosha, Mathias, Igiraneza, joselyne, Ingabire, Faustine, Karekezi, Aloys, Mpirimbanyi, Christophe, Mukamazera, Lydia, Mukangabo, Clemence, Imanishimwe, Alphonsine, Kanyarukiko, Salathiel, Mukaneza, Francine, Mukantibaziyaremye, Deborah, Munyaneza, Aphrodis, Ndegamiye, Gibert, Nyirangeri, Pierrine, Tubasiime, Ronald, Dusabe, Moses, Izabiriza, Emelyne, Mutuyimana, Josiane, Mwenedata, Olivier, Rwagahirima, Elisee, Zirikana, Job, Sibomana, Isaie, Rubanguka, Desire, Umuhoza, Josine, Uwayezu, Roda, Uzikwambara, Leoncie, Dieudonne, Aime, Kabanda, Elysee, Mbonimpaye, Salomee, Mukakomite, Christine, Muroruhirwe, Piolette, Butana, Herbert, Dusabeyezu, Moise, Batangana, Mediatrice, Bucyibaruta, Georges, Mukanyange, Violette, Munyaneza, Emmanuel, Mutabazi, Emmanuel, Mwungura, Espoir, Ncogoza, Isaie, Nyirahabimana, Jeannette, Nyirasebura, Dancilla, Dusabimana, Anaclet, Kanyesigye, Sam, Munyaneza, Robert, Hyman, Gabriella, Moore, Rachel, Sentholang, Nnosa, Wondoh, Paul, Ally, Zain, Domingo, Aimee, Munda, Philip, Nyatsambo, Chido, Ojo, Victor, Pswarayi, Rudo, Cook, Jonathan, Jayne, David, Laurberg, Soeren, Brown, Julia, Smart, Neil, and Cousens, Simon

Published
2024
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32. Formulation for the Targeted Delivery of a Vaccine Strain of Oncolytic Measles Virus (OMV) in Hyaluronic Acid Coated Thiolated Chitosan as a Green Nanoformulation for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Viro-Immunotherapeutic Approach [Retraction]

Author

Naseer F, Ahmad T, Kousar K, Kakar S, Gul R, Anjum S, and Shareef U

Subjects
green synthesis, controlled release, immunotherapeutic agent, in vitro studies, oncolytic activity, oncolytic measles virus, prostate cancer, targeted virus/drug delivery system, thiolated chitosan, tumour targeting, vaccine-based nanoformulation, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Naseer F, Ahmad T, Kousar K, et al. Int J Nanomedicine. 2023;18:185–205. We, the Editor and Publisher of the journal International Journal of Nanomedicine are retracting the published article. Following publication of the article, concerns were raised about the duplication of images from Figures 8, 10 and 13 with images from other unrelated articles. Specifically, The image for Figure 8A, blank NF temperatures, has been duplicated with the image for Figure 13C, SEM of lyophilized NF after 3 months storage. The image for Figure 8C, HA-coated OMV loaded TC, has been duplicated with the image for Figure 16C, lyophilized NFs after 3 months, from Kousar K, Naseer F, Abduh MS, Anjum S and Ahmad T. CD44 targeted delivery of oncolytic Newcastle disease virus encapsulated in thiolated chitosan for sustained release in cervical cancer: a targeted immunotherapy approach. Front. Immunol. 2023;14:1175535. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175535. The image for Figure 8D, HA-coated OMV loaded TCs, has been duplicated with the image for Figure 6B, CsA-loaded ThC-HA NF, from Abduh MS. Anticancer Analysis of CD44 Targeted Cyclosporine Loaded Thiolated Chitosan Nanoformulations for Sustained Release in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine. 2023;18:5713-5732. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S424932. The image for Figure 9D, HA-coated OMV-loaded TCs, has been duplicated with the image for Figure 10B, HA-ThCs-Cis NFs, from Kousar K, Naseer F, Abduh MS, et al. Green synthesis of hyaluronic acid coated, thiolated chitosan nanoparticles for CD44 targeted delivery and sustained release of Cisplatin in cervical carcinoma. Front. Pharmacol. 2023;13:1073004. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.1073004. The entire Figure 10 has been duplicated with Figure 6 from Naseer F, Kousar K, Abduh MS, et al. Evaluation of the anticancer potential of CD44 targeted vincristine nanoformulation in prostate cancer xenograft model: a multi-dynamic approach for advanced pharmacokinetic evaluation. Cancer Nano. 2023;14:65. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-023-00218-2. The images for Figure 10, Pure MV 12h, 90µg/ml and OMV-loaded TCs 24h, 50µg/ml have been duplicated. The image for Figure 10, OMV-loaded TCs 24h, 90µg/ml has been duplicated with the image for Figure 10, MCF-10A, Pure CsA, 90µg/ml from Abduh MS, 2023. The image for Figure 10, Pure MV 12h, 50µg/ml has been duplicated with the image for Figure 10, MCF-10A, CsA-NF, 60µg/ml from Abduh MS, 2023. The images for Figure 13C, lyophilized NF after 3 months storage, has been duplicated with the image for Figure 7A, SEM image of spherical HA-ThCs-Cis loaded nanoparticles, from Kousar K, et al (2023). The corresponding author responded to our queries but was unable to provide a satisfactory explanation for how the images came to be duplicated and the editor no longer has confidence in the reported findings. As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, the Publisher and Editor requested to retract the article and the corresponding author does not agree with this decision. We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and COPE guidelines. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

Published
2024

33. Challenges and Considerations in Assessing GERD: A Critical Review of a Study in Southern Punjab, Pakistan [Response to Letter]

Author

Rasool MF, Sarwar R, Arshad MS, Imran I, Saeed H, Majeed A, Akbar M, Chaudhry MO, Rehman AU, Ashraf W, Ahmad T, Badoghaish W, and Alqahtani F

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Muhammad Fawad Rasool,1 Rimsha Sarwar,1 Muhammad Subhan Arshad,1,2 Imran Imran,3 Hamid Saeed,4 Abdul Majeed,1 Muqarrab Akbar,5 Muhammad Omer Chaudhry,6 Anees Ur Rehman,1 Waseem Ashraf,3 Tanveer Ahmad,7 Waleed Badoghaish,8 Faleh Alqahtani9 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 2Department of Pharmacy, Southern Punjab Institute of Health Sciences, Multan, 60000, Pakistan; 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 4University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; 5Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 6School of Economics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 7Institute for Advanced Biosciences (Iab), CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, Grenoble Alpes University, La Tronche, 38700, France; 8Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71411, Saudi Arabia; 9Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Muhammad Fawad Rasool; Faleh Alqahtani, Email fawadrasool@bzu.edu.pk; afaleh@ksu.edu.sa

Published
2024

34. Limb Ischemia Secondary to Inadvertent Intravascular Angio-Seal Closure Device Deployment

Author

Almamoon I. Justaniah and Ahmad T. Alharbi

Subjects
closure devices, Angio-Seal, ischemia, interventional radiology, complication, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract

Vascular closure devices (VCD) are frequently used after endovascular interventions to attain faster hemostasis, earlier mobilization, and patient comfort compared to manual compression. VCDs are safe. However, rare complications have been reported. We report a case of an inadvertent intravascular deployment of an Angio-Seal VCD causing limb ischemia and discussing management options from our experience and the previously published cases.

Published
2023
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35. Influences of East Asian Winter Monsoon and El Niño‐Southern Oscillation Variability on the Kuroshio Intrusion to the South China Sea Over the Past 60 Years

Author

Ke Lin, Tao Han, Yilin Zhang, Chuan‐Chou Shen, Shih‐Yu Lee, Jingyu Wang, Ahmad T. Mohtar, Kuo‐Fang Huang, Hong‐Wei Chiang, Yue‐Gau Chen, and Xianfeng Wang

Subjects
Porites, coral oxygen isotope, sea surface salinity, Kuroshio intrusion, East Asian winter monsoon, El Niño‐Southern Oscillation, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract

Abstract The Kuroshio intrusion (KI) is a northwestward‐flowing branch of the Kuroshio Current, which enters the South China Sea (SCS) and regulates its temperature, salinity, and water mass exchanges. However, limited direct observations hinder our understanding of KI's mechanisms and responses to climate change. Here, we present a 60‐year bi‐monthly resolved coral oxygen isotope (δ18Oc) record from Dongsha Atoll, the northern SCS. The dry‐season (December–March) δ18Oc record reveals interannual to decadal variabilities of the KI. The impact of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) on Dongsha δ18Oc was more pronounced during the 1970s and 1980s and after the early 2000s, while the influence of the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Dongsha δ18Oc was higher between the 1980s and 1990s. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) may have a relatively minor effect on KI strength or may indirectly modulate KI strength through its influence on ENSO activities. Our Dongsha δ18Oc record highlight the importance of the EAWM, ENSO, and PDO in predicting future KI changes.

Published
2024
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36. AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF PNEUMONIA USING CONCATENATED CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

Author

Ahmad T. Al- Taani and Ishraq T. Al-Dagamseh

Subjects
deep learning, convolutional neural network, chest x-rays, pneumonia, pre-activation resnet, densenet169, Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

Pneumonia is a life-threatening disease and early detection can save lives, many automated systems have contributed to the detection of this disease and currently deep learning models have become one of the most widely used models for building these systems. In this study, two deep learning models are combined: DenseNet169 and pre-activation ResNet models, and used for automatic detection of pneumonia. DenseNet169 model is an extension of the ResNet model, while the second is a modified version the ResNet model, these models achieved good results in the field of medical imaging. Two methods are used to deal with the problem of unbalanced data: class weight, which enables to control the percentage of data to be used from the original data for each class of data, while the other method is resampling, in which modified images are produced with an equal distribution using data augmentation. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated using a balanced dataset consists of 5856 images. Achieved results were promising compared to several previous studies. The model achieved a precision value of 98%, an area under curve (AUC) based on ROC of 97%, and a loss value of 0.23. [JJCIT 2023; 9(2.000): 118-136]

Published
2023
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37. Automatic CHIEF Point Selection for Finite Element–Boundary Element Acoustic Backscattering

Author

Petr Krysl and Ahmad T. Abawi

Subjects
coupled finite element and boundary element, acoustic backscattering, CHIEF, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Computing the backscattering of harmonic acoustic waves from underwater elastic targets of arbitrary shapes is a challenging problem of considerable practical significance. The finite element method is well suited for the discretization of the target, while the boundary element method addresses the radiation boundary condition at infinity. A disadvantage of the boundary integral method is that it yields non-unique solutions at certain wavenumbers. This failure is associated with the existence of eigensolutions of the Helmholtz equation in the interior of the complement of the fluid domain (acoustic modes). The combined Helmholtz integral equation formulation (CHIEF) credited to Schenk is employed to combine the surface Helmholtz boundary integral with equations of the interior Helmholtz relation written down at selected points within the cavity of the scatterer (i.e., in the complement of the fluid domain).The difficulty associated with this approach has always been the lack of guidance on the necessary number of interior points and on their locations. The solution to this problem proposed here is to compute the acoustic modes using the finite element method to complement of the fluid domain and to identify locations of the peaks.This novel approach aids the decision as to how many points should be employed and where they should be located. Our numerical experiments demonstrate the robustness of the proposed automatic selection of the CHIEF points’ numbers and locations.

Published
2023
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41. Misuse of Respiratory Inhalers Among Hospitalized Patients in a Tertiary Health Care Hospital in Kabul

Author

Mushkani EA, Hamidy F, Ahmad T, and Adelyar MA

Subjects
copd, misuse, inhaler, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Ershad Ahmad Mushkani,1 Fahima Hamidy,2 Tawfiq Ahmad,3 Mohammad Asef Adelyar4 1Department of Pharmacology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan; 2Department of Nursing Skills, Aliabad Teaching Hospital, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Shahr Ara Hospital, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan; 4Department of Abdominal Surgery, Aliabad Teaching Hospital, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, AfghanistanCorrespondence: Ershad Ahmad Mushkani, Department of Pharmacology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan, Tel +93-744600222, Email ershadahmad2605@gmail.comObjective: Evaluation of the techniques of respiratory inhaler use among stable inpatients with COPD in Ali Abad Teaching Hospital.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2020 and October 2022 at the cardiopulmonary department of Ali-Abad Teaching Hospital. Participants were requested to demonstrate how to use their prescribed inhalation devices. The inhaler’s accuracy was evaluated using checklists that had been previously established and included key procedures.Results: We studied 318 patients performing a total of 398 inhalation maneuvers with five different IDs. Across all studied inhalation maneuvers, the maximum number of misuses was observed in those using the Respimat (97.7%), and the minimum number of misuses was observed in those using the Accuhaler (58.8%). For the pMDI, the steps “take a deep breath after activating the inhaler” and “hold the breath a few seconds” were most frequently inaccurately performed. Regarding the pMDI with spacer, the steps “exhale fully” were most commonly carried out in mistake. For the Respimat, the steps “hold the breath a few seconds after inhalation activation” and “exhale fully” were most frequently inaccurately performed. According to gender, the misuse was less in females for all studied inhalers (p< 0.05). Higher proportion of literate participant correctly used all types of inhalers as compared to the illiterate patients (p< 0.05). According to the findings of this study, the majority of patients (77.6%) lacked knowledge of proper inhaler technique.Conclusion: The misuse rates were high for all studied inhalers; however, among studied inhalers, the Accuhaler had the greatest proportion of correct inhalation techniques. In order to ensure proper inhaler technique, patients should be educated before receiving inhaler medicines. Therefore, it is crucial for doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals to comprehend the problems with the performance and proper usage of these inhaler devices.Keywords: COPD, misuse, inhaler

Published
2023

42. Formulation for the Targeted Delivery of a Vaccine Strain of Oncolytic Measles Virus (OMV) in Hyaluronic Acid Coated Thiolated Chitosan as a Green Nanoformulation for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Viro-Immunotherapeutic Approach

Author

Naseer F, Ahmad T, Kousar K, Kakar S, Gul R, Anjum S, and Shareef U

Subjects
green synthesis, controlled release, immunotherapeutic agent, in vitro studies, oncolytic activity, oncolytic measles virus, prostate cancer, targeted virus/drug delivery system, thiolated chitosan, tumour targeting, vaccine-based nanoformulation, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Faiza Naseer,1,2 Tahir Ahmad,1 Kousain Kousar,1 Salik Kakar,3 Rabia Gul,2 Sadia Anjum,4 Usman Shareef2 1Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 3Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; 4Department of Biology, University of Hail, Hail, Saudia ArabiaCorrespondence: Faiza Naseer; Tahir Ahmad, Email faiza.naseer@ymail.com; tahir@asab.nust.edu.pkBackground: Oncolytic viruses are reported as dynamite against cancer treatment nowadays.Methodology: In the present work, a live attenuated oral measles vaccine (OMV) strain was used to formulate a polymeric surface-functionalized ligand-based nanoformulation (NF). OMV (half dose: not less than 500 TCID units; 0.25 mL) was encapsulated in thiolated chitosan and outermost coating with hyaluronic acid by ionic gelation method characterizing parameters was performed.Results and Discussion: CD44 high expression was confirmed in prostatic adenocarcinoma (PRAD) by GEPIA which extracted data of normal and cancer tissue from GTEx and TCGA. Bioinformatics tools confirmed the viral hemagglutinin capsid protein interaction with human Caspase-I, NLRP3, and TNF-α and viral fusion protein interaction with COX-II and Caspase-I after successful delivery of MV encapsulated in NFs due to high affinity of hyaluronic acid with CD44 on the surface of prostate cancer cells. Particle size = 275.6 mm, PDI = 0.372, and ± 11.5 zeta potential were shown by zeta analysis, while the thiolated group in NFs was confirmed by FTIR and Raman analysis. SEM and XRD showed a spherical smooth surface and crystalline nature, respectively, while TEM confirmed virus encapsulation within nanoparticles, which makes it very useful in targeted virus delivery systems. The virus was released from NFs in a sustained but continuous release pattern till 48 h. The encapsulated virus titer was calculated as 2.34× 107 TCID50/mL units, which showed syncytia formation on post-day infection 7. Multiplicities of infection 0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 20 of HA-coated OMV-loaded NFs as compared to MV vaccine on PC3 was inoculated with IC50 of 5.1 and 3.52, respectively, and growth inhibition was seen after 72 h via MTT assay which showed apoptotic cancer cell death.Conclusion: Active targeted, efficacious, and sustained delivery of formulated oncolytic MV is a potent moiety in cancer treatment at lower doses with safe potential for normal prostate cells.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: green synthesis, controlled release, immunotherapeutic agent, in vitro studies, oncolytic activity, oncolytic measles virus, prostate cancer, targeted virus/drug delivery system, thiolated chitosan, tumour targeting, vaccine-based nanoformulation

Published
2023

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