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The theory of optimal control used is based on the Pontryagin maximum principle under the acoustic-vacuum exposure affecting the liquid evaporation process in an experimental container. Evaporation energy consumption for a given liquid mass is taken as an optimality criterion. The physical and mathematical model of a liquid layer with formed vapor bubbles under acoustic-vacuum exposure is based on the use of a pendulum model. A physical model of the liquid evaporation process under acoustic-vacuum exposure is developed and experimental investigations are carried out. An optimal cyclogram of acoustic-vacuum exposure is obtained, at which the energy consumption for evaporation of a given mass of liquid decreases by 2.5 times in comparison with a given cyclogram of acoustic-vacuum exposure. The obtained experimental results demonstrate close coincidence with the theoretical results, the maximum discrepancy being below 9%.