Search

The PAMELA experiment was launched on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite on June 15th 2006. The apparatus was designed to conduct precision studies of charged cosmic radiation over a wide energy range, from tens of MeV up to several hundred GeV, with unprecedented statistics. In five years of continuous data taking in space, PAMELA accurately measured the energy spectra of cosmic ray antiprotons and positrons, as well as protons, electrons and light nuclei, sometimes providing data in unexplored energetic regions. These important results have shed new light in several astrophysical fields like: an indirect search for Dark Matter, a search for cosmological antimatter (anti-Helium), and the validation of acceleration, transport and secondary production models of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. Some of the most important items of Solar and Magnetospheric physics were also investigated. Here we present the most recent results obtained by the PAMELA experiment.

The lack of positive evidence for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) as well as the lack of discovery of supersymmetric (SUSY) particles at the LHC may appeal to a non-supersymmetric solution for the Standard Model problem of the Higgs boson mass divergence, the origin of the electroweak energy scale and the physical nature of the cosmological dark matter in the approach of composite Higgs boson. If the Higgs boson consists of charged constituents, their binding can lead to stable particles with electroweak charges. Such particles can take part in sphaleron transitions in the early Universe, which balance their excess with baryon asymmetry. Constraints on exotic charged species leave only stable particles with charge −2n possible, which can bind with n nuclei of primordial helium in neutral dark atoms. The predicted ratio of densities of dark atoms and baryonic matter determines the condition for dark atoms to dominate in the cosmological dark matter. To satisfy this condition of the dark-atom nature of the observed dark matter, the mass of new stable −2n charged particles should be within reach of the LHC for their searches. We discuss the possibilities of dark-atom binding in multi-atom systems and present state-of-the-art quantum mechanical descriptions of dark-atom interactions with nuclei. Annual modulations in such interactions with nuclei of underground detectors can explain the positive results of DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA experiments and the negative results of the underground WIMP searches.

Background. Interest in the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation on biological objects is associated with the possibility of their use in solving a number of fundamental and applied problems: from the consideration of biological feedbacks in real time, which allows the development of electronic medical complexes, to the creation of neuro-computer interfaces, including components of living cells. Aim. The paper shows the development of a device for influencing biological objects with a permanent magnetic field, which allows modeling the basic parameters of the physical factor, for conducting a magnetobiological experiment with normalization of the effects of non-ionizing radiation of the specified parameters. Methods. The device for influencing biological objects of constant magnetic field allows to obtain, in a large volume, the most homogeneous magnetic field. Results. Mathematical modeling of changes in the morphofunctional state of the adrenal cortex according to eleven biological parameters at different periods of exposure to normalized constant magnetic field when exposed to the maximum permissible level was evaluated by the deviation of the interval indicator and its normalized value. The effect of this factor led to a deviation of the integral index in the glomerular zone of the adrenal glands on the 30th day was – 6,53 ± 1,30*10-2, later on the 60th day the deviation increased by 8,28 ± 1,55*10-2, on the 90th 4,84 ± 1,50*10-2, then on the 120th day, it did not differ from normalized. Conclusion. After the termination of the constant magnetic field in a series of 15–30 mT experiments, the morphofunctional state of the thymus returned to normal. Thus, the device is recommended for use in experimental activities.

The article is devoted to the analysis of electrodynamic properties elliptical frame structure. Taking into account double symmetry internal problem of electrodynamics for the structure under consideration in the framework of the thin-wire approximation is reduced to four integral Fredholm equations of the first kind, written with respect to independent current functions. A study of spectral characteristics of the integral operators of the corresponding integral equations for various values of the electrical length and ellipticity of the frame. It is shown that the eigenfunctions of integral operators for close values of these parameters have a high degree of correlation, with In this case, the eigenfunctions are close in form to trigonometric functions. Features of the frequency dependence of the eigenvalues integral operators. The conclusion is made about the resonant nature of these dependences, what makes an elliptical frame structure in many respects similar to the previously considered tubular vibrator and spherical spiral particle. The results presented in the article form an in-depth understanding of the processes occurring in the structure under consideration, and also serve as a guideline in the construction of approximation models for solving the internal tasks.

The article touches upon the topic of using 3D-printing technologies in education. 3D-printing technologies can be used to teach technological skills in engineering and design as the main tool. They also help to reorient attention from the digital or virtual environment to the real world, because as a result of learning activity, not sketches and layouts, but real objects with specified characteristics act. 3D-printing technologies are fast-developing and promising technologies that can find their application in various fields, including in the field of education. These technologies due to the appearance of personal printing devices can facilitate the introduction of new forms of organization of the educational process, increase the motivation and formation of the necessary competencies of graduates and teachers.