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Sobolev irregularity of the Bergman projection on a family of domains containing the Hartogs triangle is shown. On the Hartogs triangle itself, a sub-Bergman projection is shown to satisfy better Sobolev norm estimates than its Bergman projection.

A sufficient condition for to have closed range is given for pseudoconvex, unbounded domains in .

We give an example of a permutation of integers which preserves all convergent Fourier series and makes some divergent Fourier series converge.

We show that the existence of a certain family of plurisubharmonic functions on a bounded domain in Cn implies that the ∂-Neumann operator associated to the domain is compact. Our condition generalizes previous work of Catlin on compactness of the ∂-Neumann operator.

The effects of intravenous administration of variable-dose flumazenil (0, 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, and 0.1 mg/kg) after ketamine (3 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.0 and 0.5 mg/kg) were studied in 18 healthy unmedicated cats from time of administration until full recovery. End-points were chosen to determine whether flumazenil shortened the recovery period and/or modified behaviors previously identified and attributed to midazolam. Overall, flumazenil administration had little effect on recovery or behaviors. One minute after flumazenil administration, all cats were recumbent but a greater proportion of cats which received the highest dose assumed sternal recumbency with head up than any other group. Although not significant, those cats that received the highest flumazenil dose also had shorter mean times for each of the initial recovery stages (lateral recumbency with head up, sternal recumbency with head up and walking with ataxia) than any of the other treatment groups that received midazolam. For complete recovery, flumazenil did decrease the proportion of the cats that was sedated, but did not shorten the time to walking without ataxia. Based on this study, the administration of flumazenil in veterinary practice, at the doses studied, to shorten and/or improve the recovery from ketamine and midazolam in healthy cats cannot be recommended.

The effects of intravenous administration of variable-dose midazolam (0, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg) and ketamine (3 mg/kg) were studied in twenty-four healthy unmedicated cats from time of administration until full recovery. End-points were chosen to determine the optimal dose to allow a short period of restraint without noxious stimuli, a short period of restraint with noxious stimuli and endotracheal intubation. Recovery characteristics, as well as undesirable behaviours observed during recovery, were also recorded. The dose of midazolam to achieve lateral recumbency with head down was found to be 0.016 mg/kg in 50% of the population (ED50) and 0.054 mg/kg in 95% (ED95) of the population. A midazolam dose of 0.286 mg/kg was required to prevent conscious perception of a stimulus to the ulnar nerve in 50% of the population and 0.652 mg/kg in 95% of the population. The ED50 and ED95 of midazolam required to prevent swallowing in response to a laryngoscope placed on the back of the tongue were found to be 0.265 mg/kg and 0.583 mg/kg, respectively. The ED50 doses of 0.265 mg/kg for intubation and 0.286 mg/kg for restraint with noxious stimulation were close to the tested dose of 0.3 mg/kg. At that dose, the lack of responses lasted 3.67 +/- 2.27 min for laryngoscope and 2.50 +/- 2.20 min for ulnar nerve stimulation, with recovery to walking with ataxia taking 41.50 +/- 15.18 min and complete recovery taking 3.6 +/- 1.3 h. The predominant behavioural pattern during recovery was found to be normal, but some cats also exhibited abnormal behavioural patterns. Nine of the twelve cats exhibited an abnormal arousal state, with 4 being restless and 5 being sedated. Seven of the twelve cats exhibited an abnormal behaviour when approached, with three of the cats being more difficult to approach and four of the cats being easier to approach. Eight of the twelve cats exhibited an abnormal behavioural pattern when restrained, with the cats equally divided between more difficult and easier to restrain. Five of the twelve cats vocalized more during the recovery. The ED50 of 0.042 mg/kg to induce chemical restraint without a noxious stimulus is close to the tested dose of 0.05 mg/kg. At that dose, cats remained lateral with head down for 5.49 +/- 4.02 min, took 25.96 +/- 5.77 min to walk with ataxia and 1.7 +/- 0.4 h for complete recovery. The predominant behavioural patterns during recovery were normal, with several cats exhibiting some abnormal patterns. Two cats were sedated, one cat was more difficult to approach, one cat was easier to restrain and three cats were more vocal.

Emerging technologies that use spread spectrum and frequency hopping signals may enable more efficient use of the high-frequency (HF) band. High-powered HF radar is an example of this technology where channels are used that appear to be unoccupied and the frequency hopping signal of the HF radar has been remarkably free from interfering with conventional spectrum occupants. Considering future application of HF systems of this type, it is of interest to examine the availability of free channels in the frequency range between 3 and 30 MHz for bandwidth (BW) availability and time duration. This paper discusses the characteristics of channels that are available for use in the HF spectrum based on spectrum measurements by the Navy's Relocatable Over-the-Horizon Radar (ROTHR) located in the southeast section of Virginia. In particular, the ROTHR data being analyzed are from the spectrum monitor (SM). The SM is a subsystem of the ROTHR which measures the power level in 3-kHz intervals for frequencies between 5 and 28 MHz, the radar's operating frequency range. Measurements of the HF spectrum were analyzed for the fall and winter seasons at the radar's location. The analysis consisted of estimating the number of clear channels of various widths in selected megahertz bands over the ROTHR's operating frequency range. Characteristics of available channels are presented in various graphical forms which include clear channel availability, probability of at least one clear channel of a specified width, and duration of clear channels as a function of frequency. The Weibull distribution is proposed as an analytical model for investigating channel duration. Analysis results indicate which portion of the HF spectrum is most likely to have available bandwidths and what their expected durations are as a function of season and time of day.

The effects of intravenous administration of variable-dose midazolam and ketamine (3 mg/kg) were studied in twelve healthy unmedicated cats from time of administration until full recovery. A range of midazolam doses (0.0, 0.05, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg/kg) was chosen, so that beneficial and/or detrimental effects could be documented and the therapeutic window for further study determined. One minute after administration of ketamine, all cats had assumed a lateral position, mostly with head up. Muscle tone was increased (100%), apneustic breathing pattern evident in 92% of cats, chewing without stimulation of the oropharyngeal area was observed in most cats (97%), but most cats did not salivate (87%). At 2.5 min after completion of ketamine injection and 1 min after administration of saline, a similar picture was observed, except that salivation was evident. All cats chewed or swallowed in response to a finger or laryngoscope placed in the oropharyngeal area and, while most cats were not aware of a noxious stimulus to the tail, some cats were aware of a noxious stimulus to the paw. Recovery from ketamine alone was rapid and smooth with cats rolling into sternal recumbency and then cautiously walking with ataxia. Recovery to walking without incoordination was also rapid (< 2 h) and no abnormal behavioural patterns were observed during recovery. Administration of midazolam after ketamine, had beneficial effects and the therapeutic window for midazolam was found to lie between 0.05 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg. Administration of any dose of midazolam after ketamine caused a greater proportion of cats to assume a laterally recumbent position with head down compared with ketamine alone, however, the time period of recumbency was only significantly longer with a midazolam dose of 2.0 mg/kg or above. Doses of midazolam of 0.5 mg/kg or above decreased muscle rigidity but did not affect salivation or respiratory pattern observed in cats which received ketamine alone. A significantly greater proportion of cats which received ketamine and midazolam 0.5 mg/kg or above did not swallow in response to a finger or a laryngoscope placed in the mouth compared with that which received ketamine alone. The length of time in which cats did not swallow was only significantly longer at midazolam doses of 1.0 mg/kg and above. At midazolam doses of 0.5 mg/kg or above, the proportion of cats without a nociceptive response to a tail or paw clamp was significantly greater than cats which received ketamine alone. The time period without nociceptive response, however, was not influenced by midazolam administration. The time taken for cats which received ketamine and midazolam 0.05 mg/kg or 0.5 mg/kg to assume sternal position, walk with ataxia, walk without ataxia, behave normally when approached or restrained and recover normal arousal state was not significantly different from cats which received ketamine alone. Ketamine and midazolam 5.0 mg/kg significantly prolonged all recovery times compared with ketamine alone. Unfortunately, a greater proportion of cats which received ketamine and midazolam 0.5 or 5.0 mg/kg exhibited detrimental behavioural effects. These were more likely to be adverse and included restlessness, vocalization and difficulty approaching and restraining cats. In this study, an effect of sex of the cats was found, with male cats taking a significantly longer to recover to sternal recumbency and walk with ataxia, while female cats took longer to recover to a normal arousal state.

The successful performance of a high-frequency (HF) over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) is dependent upon the environment in which the radar must operate. This study investigates measured power levels of noise and signal characteristics in the HF environment of an operational OTHR system located in Amchitka, Alaska. These measurements were acquired by the Navy's AN/TPS-71 radar (ROTHR) spectrum monitor and represent a new source of HF environmental measurements for noise characteristics, channel availability, and expected duration of various channel widths as a function of frequency, time of day, and season of year. The analysis and results presented are based on HF environmental measurements obtained over the 5–28 MHz frequency band by a receiver with a very low noise figure, an efficient antenna, high dynamic range, and which was seldom internally noise limited. The analysis of this data has provided information on power levels associated with noise and HF users in the geographic region of the radar. Clear channel availability results are based on a threshold level defined by empirical distribution functions (EDF) of the measured power levels from the ROTHR site in Amchitka, Alaska.

Seasonal capture of adult sugar beet root maggots, Tetanops myopaeformis (Roder), was monitored with Blickenstaff & Peckenpaugh sticky-stake traps at 83 commercial sugar beet fields in Idaho during 1980-1984. Published models of postdiapause larval development were inadequate predictors of adult £ light activity and capture. Forecasts of peak adult capture were improved by accounting for larval development before 1 April and for suppression of adult £light activity when maximum daily air temperature was

Acoustic intensity measurements using the two‐sensor cross‐spectral density technique are susceptible to errors when made in the presence of mean flow. These errors are predominantly due to turbulent pressure fluctuations acting on and near the sensors. To quantify these errors, intensity measurements were performed in a sound field that contained both an independent acoustic source and a mean, low Mach number (M

Blickenstaff-Peckenpaugh traps were used to quantify the relationship between density of the adult Tetanops myopaeformis (Roder) and sugarbeet yield loss caused by subsequent larval feeding. The cumulative number of flies trapped from the beginning of the growing season until peak fly collection was the most reliable and easy-to-use predictor of sugarbeet crop loss. Cumulative capture of 34 flies was adopted as the damage boundary, the minimum density required to produce detectable root yield loss. Action thresholds for larval management with insecticides were derived as a function of fly density, crop market value, larval control costs, and insecticide efficacy. Thresholds ranged from 38 to 61 cumulative flies per trap at peak. Practical recommendations for using the thresholds are discussed.

We present the theory of twisted \(L^2\) estimates for the Cauchy–Riemann operator and give a number of recent applications of these estimates. Among the applications: extension theorem of Ohsawa–Takegoshi type, size estimates on the Bergman kernel, quantitative information on the classical invariant metrics of Kobayshi, Caratheodory, and Bergman, and sub elliptic estimates on the \(\bar{\partial }\)-Neumann problem. We endeavor to explain the flexibility inherent to the twisted method, through examples and new computations, in order to suggest further applications.

Kelly, A.B., Steffey, E.P., McNeal, D. & Willits, N. Immediate and long-term effects of halothane anesthesia on equine platelet function. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 8, 284–289. The acute and long-term quantitative and qualitative effects of halothane anesthesia on equine platelet performance were studied in fourteen horses. Horses were anesthetized with only halothane in O2 for about 8.0 MAC* hours. Platelet numbers declined during the anesthetic period but returned to normal within 24 h. Platelet aggregation was significantly diminished during the anesthetic period and for up to 4 days after anesthesia. A period of hyperaggregability occurred at the 7th day. Dr A. B. Kelly, Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.