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Copyright of Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science) is the property of Dongbei Daxue Xuebao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) and bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP-15) are two members of the transforming growth factor -β (TGF -β) superfamily, which participate in the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells and oocytes in the ovary. The GDF-9 and BMP-15 secreted by oocyte affect the development and quality of oocytes, and regulate ovarian function, by the interaction between oocyte and cumulus cells. The abnormal expressions of GDF-9 and BMP-15 affect follicular development and zona pellucida structure, which may be an important link leading to infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). BMP-15 activates the Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway, which is closely related to insulin resistance (IR) in PCOS patients. However, the precise quantification of serum GDF-9 and BMP-15 levels is difficult, and the levels of serum GDF-9 and BMP-15 are difficult to be used as specific markers for the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of PCOS. This article reviews the roles of GDF-9 and BMP-15 in follicular development, the effects of abnormal expression of GDF-9 and BMP-15 on follicular development and IR in PCOS patients, and discusses the potential application value of GDF-9 and BMP-15 in the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electroplating & Finishing is the property of Electroplating & Finishing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Guilin University of Technology is the property of Journal of Guilin University of Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Scarf osteotomy is an osteotomy of the metatarsal shaft, and the orthopedic force is strong, and the effect of osteotomy is significant, but the orthopedic often fluctuates greatly due to the change of the vetex line of the osteotomy and the angle of the osteotomy, causing undercorrection or overcorrection. Three-dimensional reconstruction software has unique advantages in three-dimensional model reconstruction, osteotomy simulation and index measurement. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the influence of the osteotomy angle of the Scarf osteotomy line on the strength of orthopedic. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of the inclination angle of the transverse osteotomy line on the strength of hallux valgus correction during Scarf osteotomy using 3-matic software. METHODS: From May 2018 to September 2020, 14 patients diagnosed with hallux valgus were admitted to the Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Wuxi Ninth Hospital, Soochow University, with 21 feet, aged 22 to 76 years old. With the aid of a simulated weight-bearing stent, the simulated weight-bearing CT images of the feet of patients with hallux valgus were obtained. Three-dimensional bone model was constructed in Mimics software, imported in 3-matic software to simulate Scarf osteotomy of the first metatarsal, adjust the different osteotomy angles of the transverse osteotomy line to simulate osteotomy. The relevant indexes of postoperative hallux valgus were measured, and compared with the measurement results of the same individual and the same index. The changing trend of each measured value was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The inclination angle of the transverse osteotomy line of Scarf osteotomy has significant differences with the hallux valgus angle change rate, first-second intermetatarsal angle change rate, lateral intermetatarsal angle change rate and metatarsal head height change rate (P < 0.05). (2) At the same time, the change rate of lateral intermetatarsal angle and metatarsal head height increased significantly when the inclination angle of the osteotomy line was in the range of 20°-25°, and the change rate of hallux valgus angle and intermetatarsal angle was significantly increased in the range of 15°-20°. (3) It is concluded that using computer-assisted technology for preoperative simulation planning to provide a personalized and precise method for the correction of hallux valgus deformity, which is beneficial to reduce the incidence of surgical complications such as metastatic metatarsalgia, and increase the intensity of osteotomy orthopedic and the safety of osteotomy, improve patient satisfaction, reduce the learning curve of surgeons, and provide guidance and theoretical basis for clinical surgical treatment of hallux valgus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of hallux valgus includes bone surgery and soft tissue balance surgery. At present, many surgical plans are made based on the experience of the surgeon. There are many surgical methods for hallux valgus, and the pathological changes are complex and diverse. No surgery can perfectly solve all the problems of hallux valgus, and the surgical effect is not accurate, and the learning curve is also long. OBJECTIVE: To explore the application of digital technology in the treatment of hallux valgus. METHODS: Databases of PubMed, Wanfang, and CNKI were searched. The key words were “hallux valgus; digital technology; biomechanics; finite element; digital orthopedics; osteotomy” in Chinese and English. Retrieval time was from January 2000 to May 2020. Among 571 articles in English and 350 articles in Chinese, 42 articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) When clinical treatment of hallux valgus is performed, the software is used to reconstruct the three-dimensional simulation model, to simulate the operation under different working conditions, and to analyze the orthopedic effect. This has a clear guiding significance for preoperative planning and is helpful to reduce the incidence of postoperative complication of hallux valgus and optimize the orthopedic effect. (2) The use of computer software for three-dimensional modeling and finite element plantar stress analysis has obvious advantages for the study of biomechanical mechanisms and the evaluation of postoperative clinical efficacy. (3) The clinical application of three-dimensional printed hallux valgus osteotomy guide plate and bone model can enable the patients with hallux valgus to get more accurate and personalized treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the surgery for flat feet is to correct the deformity, to restore the medial longitudinal arch and to improve the foot and ankle function. However, it is not sufficient to satisfy the need of individualized treatment, only referring to two-dimensional data and the surgeon’s experience, so over-correction or under-correction usually occurs. The development of digital technology in medicine has greatly promoted the progress in orthopedics, including three-dimensional reconstruction, three-dimensional printing, surgical simulation and surgical navigation. This technologies have been widely used in shoulder joint, elbow joint, hip joint, keen joint and spine in recent years, but studies on flat feet are relatively rare.OBJECTIVE: To review the application status of digital technology in flat feet. METHODS: Databases of WanFang, CNKI, VIP and PubMed databases between January 2000 and September 2018 were searched. The keywords were "flat feet, digital technology, three-dimensional, finite element" in Chinese and English, respectively. Totally 882 articles were retrieved, and finally 49 eligible articles were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:(1) The application of digital technology in flat feet mainly includes three-dimensional reconstruction, analyzing bone morphology, spatial position relationship and joint movement characteristics, establishing finite element model and stress analysis.(2) The three-dimensional flat feet model with high definition possesses obvious advantages in biomechanical research.(3) Digital guidance in flat feet osteotomy surgery is still rare and it is expected to improve the effect of flat feet surgery by referring to the research in some other orthopedic fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for new engineering talents training has challenged the traditional experimental teaching mode. How to speed up the innovation of engineering education has become an important part of the laboratory reform in universities. This paper, aiming at the existing problems of the traditional experimental teaching and laboratory management, analyzes the necessity of establishing the open engineering laboratory under the new situation, defines the basic principles of open laboratory management and guidance. From the establishment of information management system, introducing students to participate in practical activities, and improving the laboratory management policy three aspects, this paper describes the specific implementation measures and suggestions for construction of open laboratories. This mode not only fully mobilizes students’ initiative in practice and innovation, but also reduces the intensity of laboratory management, and explores a new way for training high-quality engineering talents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Image & Graphics is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Image & Graphics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aiming at the existing problem about knowledge hierarchy fragmentation and alienation of theory from practice in the teaching process of electronic circuit CAD( computer aided design),an active experiment teaching method for electronic circuit CAD is proposed in this paper. Firstly,the teaching method is reformed in three aspects: short semester teaching cycle,laboratory teaching way and active teaching method. Secondly,the knowledge point is divided into four learning levels according to the degree of relevance between the knowledge point and the engineering application,the knowledge system is then optimized. Finally,the assessment method is enriched by incorporating multiple assessment elements. Through the demonstration teaching work in recent three years,the students’ subjective initiative,practical ability and comprehensive analysis and problem-solving ability have been greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research & Exploration in Laboratory is the property of Research & Exploration in Laboratory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shandong Medical Journal is the property of Shandong Medical Health Newspapers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)