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微生物种类及其含量监测是空间站内微生物控制的重要环节。但是空间环境的微重力条件及对资源的条件限制导致地面常规检测实验难以开展，因此在轨微生物检测主要依靠培养法。基于侧流层析试纸条的生物分子识别检测方法具有不受微重力环境影响的优点，耦合荧光检测方法可以达到较高的检测灵敏度，是在轨微生物检测的潜在方法之一。针对空间环境中对航天员生活环境及仪器仪表设备具有潜在危害的微生物，研究了一种基于环介导等温扩增（LAMP）耦合荧光侧流层析试纸条的微生物核酸鉴别技术。研究结果表明，该技术可实现对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等空间站常见有害微生物的高灵敏、高特异性、快速检测，检测时间小于60 min，灵敏度达到100 copy·μL–1。

对空间中几十keV到几MeV的中能离子进行成分、能谱和角分布进行测量，具有重要的科学价值和应用意义。中国在载人登月等深空探测计划中明确提出了对中能离子的探测需求，但当前尚未掌握中能离子测量技术。本文提出了一种基于SEE TOF×E方法的中能离子探测器方案，方案包括复合材料二次电子薄膜、电极、位置灵敏MCP探测器和SSD等核心部件的设计，可同时实现对5个方向的中能离子和4个方向的中能电子的测量。结合目前空间粒子探测载荷可实现的硬件时间分辨率、能量分辨率和仿真计算结果，可以发现，该设计可以在40 keV~5 MeV能量范围实现中能离子能谱测量；并能够对40 keV~5 MeV的H离子，45 keV~5 MeV的He离子，130 keV~5 MeV的O离子和240 keV~5 MeV的Fe离子进行离子成分分辨；同时可实现对20~500 keV的电子进行能谱测量。

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Wanxiang 22S is a fragrant thermosensitive genic male sterile line that was crossbred and bred by the Rice Research Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences using 1892S as the female parent and Changxiang 39S, a fragrant indica rice parent introduced by Hunan Xiangsui Seed Industry Co., Ltd., as the male parent. It was approved by Anhui Provincial Technical Appraisal in August 2023. The height of Wanxiang 22S plant is 85. 0 cm, with an average total number of spikelets per spike of 193. 5 and a thousand grain weight of 24. 0 g. The plant exhibits a compact growth habit with strong tillering ability. Its leaves are upright and curly, emitting a fragrance. Fertility identification in a cold water pool is conducted under conditions of 14. 5 h, 23. 5 ℃, 6 d, with a pollen sterility of 99. 95% and a bagged self-pollination rate of 0. 25%. Wanxiang 22S was sown on May 20th in Hefei, with a sowing period of 84 days, which was about 5 days shorter than the similar variety Changxiang 39S. The main stem had 13. 2 leaves. The stigma exposure rate were outcrossing rate are relatively high,good resistance to rice blast, rice smut and bacterial blight. The rice quality was relatively good. The hybrid combination has strong heterosis, among which Wanxiang 22S / Yingyue Simiao increased yield by 9. 35% compared to Fengliangyou No. 4 in the community advantage identification in 2023, reaching a extremely significant level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In ultracold Fermi gases, by adjusting the strength of spin orbit coupling to match Fermi energy, many novel quantum effec ts can be genera ted. In the pas t few decades, scholars have conducted extensive theoretical and experimental research on Fermi gases induced by one-dimensional spin orbit coupling. Compared with high-dimensional spin orbit coupling, one-dimensional spin orbit coupling, although relatively simple, is the most reliable and feasible tool for exploring basic quantum physical phenomena in experiments. This paper systematically summarizes the interesting physical phenomena of Fermi gas under one-dimensional spin orbit coupling in theoretical work. Including theoretical research on dynamic oscillation and soliton effect, topological superfluid, Majorana edge state, ferromagnetic phase transit ion, and quantum phase. How to achieve spin orbi t coupling and observe singular phenomena in exp erime nts is a hot and difficult research topic. We summarize several common experimentai schemes and detection met hods. Finally, we look forward to the research on Fermi gas induced by onedimensional spin orbit coupling. One dimensional spin orbit coupling can provide reference for abecedarians and contribute to the study of multi body system regulated by spin orbit coupling. This paper aims to provide a reference for abecedarians in cold atomic physics to gain a deeper understanding of the physical mechanisms of multi-body systems under spin orbit coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The aims of this study are to investigate the specific improvement effects of different additions of straw and biochar on the sloping arable land of purple soil, so as to provide theoretical references for the reasonable prevention and control of soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. [Methods] The effects of rice straw (4, 7, 10 t/hm²) and biochar (13,39,65 t/hm²) on sediment yield and nitrogen loss in purple soil slope were studied by artificial rainfall simulation method, with bare slope as the control. [Results] (1) Under the condition of high intensity rainfall, the mixture of biochar with purple soil accelerated the process of runoff production on slope, and the application of mixed straw could prolong the initial time of runoff production and reduce the rate of runoff production. (2) The cumulative sediment yield of purple soil increased by 0.64%~66.29% compared with the control group after adding biochar, but decreased by 42.58%~70.27% after adding mixed straw. The inhibitory effect of mixed straw on sediment yield on slope was much stronger than that on runoff yield on slope. (3) The nitrogen loss process in surface runoff was dominated by NO-3-N, and the overall loss moduli of TN, NO3-N and NH+4-N were the largest under biochar treatment, and the smallest under mixed straw treatment. [Conclusion] The application of crushed straw can promote seepage and inhibit flow, effectively control soil, water and nutrient loss in purple slope farmland, while the short-term application of biochar may have negative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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BACKGROUND: Exercise is an effective method for preventing and treating osteoporosis, but it is unclear whether its effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis is related to changes in bone autophagy levels. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of exercise via cellular autophagy on the morphology and mechanical properties of bone tissue in ovariectomized rats, and to explore the mechanism of exercise on bone mass in ovariectomized rats from the perspective of autophagy. METHODS: A rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was established, and a 24-week moderate-intensity exercise was used for intervention. After the experiment, serum estradiol levels were measured by ELISA, and bone mineral density and bone microstructure of the cortical and trabecular bone were detected by micro-CT. The biomechanical indicators of the tibia were tested by a three-point bending test. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of LC3 and ATG7 proteins was analyzed by western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The serum estradiol level in the ovariectomized group was significantly lower than that of the sham-operation group and ovariectomized+exercise group (P < 0.01). The body mass of rats in each group increased, and the order was the ovariectomized group > the ovariectomized+exercise group > the sham-operation group > the sham-operation+exercise group. The bone mineral density and bone mass of rats in all groups significantly increased (P < 0.01), but the increase in the ovariectomized group was significantly lower than that of the other groups, and the increase in the ovariectomized+exercise group was significantly higher than that of the ovariectomized group. Compared with the sham-operation group, the bone mineral density of the tibial cancellous bone in the sham-operation+exercise group was significantly increased (P < 0.01), while the bone mineral density in the ovariectomized and ovariectomized+exercise groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Compared with the ovariectomized+exercise group, the ovariectomized group showed significantly lower bone volume fraction, number of trabeculae, and bone mineral density of cancellous bone (P < 0.05), extremely significantly lower trabecular thickness (P < 0.01), and significantly higher mean trabecular pattern factor, trabecular separation, and structural model index (P < 0.01). Compared with the ovariectomized group, the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and the relative expression of ATG7 protein significantly increased in the ovariectomized+exercise group (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation and ovariectomized groups, the number of autophagosomes increased in the sham-operation+exercise and ovariectomized+exercise groups, respectively. To conclude, moderate-intensity treadmill exercise can improve the bone microstructure and biomechanical properties of the tibial cancellous bone and increase bone mass in ovariectomized rats by increasing serum estradiol levels and bone autophagy levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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