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The introductory part provides data on the economic use of mustard and its products in the national economy, focusing on the varietal composition of sarepta mustard in Ukraine. It is analyzed that as of the beginning of 2024, 6 varieties of winter and 17 varieties of spring sarepta mustard are registered in the Plant Varieties Register, which are represented by 1 foreign (Germany) and some domestic varieties. The largest number of registered varieties - 4 varieties of winter and 8 varieties of spring sarepta mustard - belong to the originator - the Institute of Oilseeds of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. According to the results of experimental studies conducted in 2012-2014, it was found that in the conditions of the northern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, on gray forest soils, the application of mineral fertilizers and the use of a growth regulator, flowering activator - Florone in foliar feeding provides a tendency to increase the yield of sarepta mustard of the Mriya variety. This agricultural measure contributes to a slight lengthening of the interphase periods (by 2-5 days depending on the fertilizer variant), ensures the formation of plant height, which during the ripening period on average against the background of fertilization is 140.5±3.5 cm, without foliar feeding, and 146.4±4.2 cm with the foliar application of Florone flowering stimulator. Experimentally, a close correlation (at the level of 97.4-99.8%) between the indicators of the assimilation surface of plants and the level of mustard yield was established. It was substantiated by regression models that the growth and functioning of the assimilation surface in different phases of plant development has a proportional effect (within 33%) and a close correlation with the mustard yield, which is 1.05-2.31 t/ha. Studies have shown a high efficiency of fertilizer level (up to 91.4%) compared to the unfertilized variant (1.05-1.19 t/ha) and the effectiveness of Florone application in foliar feeding, which, depending on the variant, varied from 8.7-= to 14.3%. The maximum yield of sarepta mustard (2.31 t/ha) is ensured by the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P6OK9o and foliar feeding with Florone (200 ml/ha) in the budding phase of the crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of organic technology for growing vegetable plants will help to reduce the environmental burden of pesticides and produce safe vegetable products with high yields. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of biological preparations on the organic cultivation of vegetable plants. Field, measuring and weighing, mathematical and statistical methods were used to determine the efficacy of the preparations. The study was conducted in 2018-2021 in different regions of Ukraine. It was established that the systemic use of biologies during the growing season of vegetable plants provided rapid growth and development, helped to increase immunity to diseases, reduced the activity of pathogenic microorganisms in the soil, and provided an increase in overall yield. The general use of biologic preparations in open ground conditions contributed to a total potato yield of 25.4 t/ha, and the complex use of preparations on Brussels sprouts forms a larger number of heads - 90 units. The Organic Balance biological product provided an increase in yield of up to 3.5 t/ha and 90% marketability of products when growing Chinese cabbage. Chemical analysis showed that the use of biologics increased the dry matter in tomato fruits by 1.03% - in the Rio Fuego variety and 1.39% - in the Missouri variety. The yield increase in the studied varieties of asparagus beans Laura and Purpurova was 0.5 and 0.6 t/ha compared to the variants without seed inoculation. The use of biological preparations provided a higher yield in tomato plants of the Asvon variety by 2.2 t/ha, significantly reduced the content of nitrates in fruits to 50-80 mg/kg, while in the control - 110-170 mg/kg, increased the content of dry matter by 1.03 and 1.39%, depending on the variety. The gross yield of winter garlic with the use of biologics increased by 5%, and the marketability of potato tubers increased by 5%. Organic technologies would allow farmers to minimise the use of pesticides, produce environmentally friendly products, and increase yields [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Plant & Soil Science is the property of National University of Life & Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The urgency of solving the problem of the growth of maize grain production is unconditional, considering the needs of humanity, the economic, and energy efficiency of cultivation technologies, which substantially depends on the types of fertilisers and the frequency of their application. The purpose of this study was to prove the efficiency of maize grain production by perfecting the fertilisation system. Field research was conducted at the "Bohatyrivske" farm in the Romen district of the Sumy Oblast during 2019-2021 on dark grey podsolised soil. Mathematical and statistical processing was performed using the software package SAS 9.4 and "Agrostat 6". The economic and energy evaluation of technologies was performed using the calculation method. Hybrids are flexible to growing conditions, respond positively to nutrition optimisation - yield varies from 6.07-6.16 in the control to 8.26-8.50 t/ha with carbomidoammonium nitrate 32 on the background of N22Р57К57. With the background application of N22Р57К57, the yield increased by 16.4%. Nitrogen fertilisers over the background provided an added increase in yield by 7.95-18.6%. With the introduction of carbomidoammonium nitrate 32, the yield increase was 2.19 t/ha and 2.44 t/ha or 36.1% and 38.0%, respectively, of the Concord and Asteroid hybrids. The reaction of hybrids to ammonia water and urea is lower compared to carbomidoammonium nitrate. Production costs for growing maize amounted to UAH 20.3-32.3 thous./ha. The introduction of carbomidoammonium nitrate against the background of N22Р57K57 provided a high conditionally net profit - UAH 19.2-19.9 thous./ha. The profitability of maize grain production is quite high - 44-80%. With the addition of Humilin Stimul, the yield increases by 0.23-1.71 t/ha, depending on the combination of fertilisers. With all types of fertilisers, the highest efficiency was obtained with one-time feeding on BBCH 15-17. The coefficient of energy efficiency for the application of fertilisers decreases. The results of this study are important for production and further areas of research, namely the biodiversity of soil microflora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Plant & Soil Science is the property of National University of Life & Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Scientific & Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS is the property of Institute of Oilseed Crops of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Plant & Soil Science is the property of National University of Life & Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Plant & Soil Science is the property of National University of Life & Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)