2,544 results
Search Results
2. Discussion Paper - Does diversity in society inevitably lead to a rise in xenophobia among children and young people?
- Author
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Helen Cowie, Carrie-Anne Myers, and Rashid Aziz
- Subjects
Diversity ,hate crime ,xenophobia ,refugee children ,BREXIT ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 - Abstract
Across Europe, and in the context of a post-BREXIT situation, society is having to accommodate to large numbers of people from diverse cultures. There is a reported increase in xenophobic incidents, bullying and social exclusion, indicating that diversity runs the risk of intolerance and prejudice. This is played out in all manner of social situations in schools and universities, in the community and in the workplace. This discussion paper, written by three U.K. Social Scientists representing the disciplines of psychology, criminology, education and sociology, focuses on the legal and moral aspects of the issue as well as on interventions that promote tolerance and xenophilia in a range of social contexts. It concludes with recommendations to social scientists in all European countries to enter the debate and carry out research in this challenging and highly topical field.
- Published
- 2017
3. Roll with the punches: More complaints about how toilet paper has changed
- Author
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Kelly, John
- Subjects
Toilet paper -- Usage -- Forecasts and trends ,Xenophobia ,Market trend/market analysis ,Business ,Computers and office automation industries ,Telecommunications industry - Abstract
Byline: John Kelly 'Why doesn't the United States have bidets?' a friend of mine visiting from Argentina asked recently. I didn't know the answer. Xenophobia, probably. Just because the French, [...]
- Published
- 2020
4. Irish Jewish Studies at the Border: Precarious Solidarity from Ulysses to Nine Folds Make a Paper Swan.
- Author
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Bender, Abby
- Subjects
JEWISH studies ,PAPER arts ,SOLIDARITY ,AMERICAN Jews ,ART & society ,SWANS ,WOMEN'S writings ,XENOPHOBIA - Published
- 2021
5. Douglas Hurd warned Major of dangers of UK isolation, papers reveal; Former foreign secretary called Britain 'medium-sized power' that needed alliance with EU
- Subjects
Government documents ,British foreign relations ,Foreign ministers ,Prime ministers ,International cooperation ,Polygamy ,Xenophobia ,News, opinion and commentary ,European Union - Abstract
Byline: Owen Bowcott Former foreign secretary Douglas Hurd anticipated a dangerous future of UK isolation caused by 'poisonous' internal divisions over the EU and advocated a policy of diplomatic 'polygamy', [...]
- Published
- 2019
6. CHAPTER 6: WRITTEN TO BE ERASED: PAPER RIGHTS AND THE VISIBILITY OF MIGRANT DOMESTIC WORKERS.
- Author
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Sabban, Rima and Kasak-Gliboff, Hannah
- Subjects
HOUSEHOLD employees ,MIGRANT labor ,FOREIGN workers ,HOUSEKEEPING ,XENOPHOBIA ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
This chapter conceptualizes forms and processes of erasure and visibility of migrant domestic workers through the analysis of interview data, media coverage, and public policy. This chapter builds on the existing literature on foreign domestic labor by synthesizing a framework to better represent the mechanisms that produce instances of visibility and erasure; these include transnational forces of erasure like sexism, xenophobia, and domestic labor stigma that interact with country-specific policies and norms. Within this framework of visibility and erasure, we also delineate different aspects of each, such as spatial erasure, erasure in the media, and self-erasure. Finally, this chapter explores how each of these components interconnect into a system of erasure, each aspect enabling another aspect in dampening the individuality of migrant domestic workers. This chapter is intended to illuminate the realities of erasure with careful specificity, while still crediting domestic workers for their resilience and creativity in promoting their own visibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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7. Examining the effect of xenophobia on “transnational” mega construction project (MCP) success : Moderating role of transformational leadership and high-performance work (HPW) practices
- Author
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Zaman, Umer
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Xenophobia in Seventeenth-Century India. By Gijs Kruijtzer. Leiden: Leiden University Press, 2009. ix, 315 pp. €45.00 (paper)
- Author
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Herman Tull
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Xenophobia ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ancient history ,Theology ,media_common - Published
- 2010
9. Insiders & Outsiders: Citizenship and Xenophobia in Contemporary Southern Africa By Francis B. Nyamnjoh UNISA, CODESRIA and Zed Books, 2006. 273 pages. $29.95 (paper)
- Author
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Bill Lindeke
- Subjects
History ,Sociology and Political Science ,Anthropology ,Xenophobia ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sociology ,Citizenship ,media_common - Published
- 2007
10. Insiders and Outsiders: Citizenship and Xenophobia in Contemporary Southern Africa. By Francis B. Nyamnjoh. New York: Zed Books, 2006. Pp. 273. $85.00 (cloth); $29.95 (paper)
- Author
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Pei Chia Lan
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Xenophobia ,Sociology ,Social science ,Religious studies ,Citizenship ,media_common - Published
- 2007
11. Scottish paper accused of xenophobia and racism in story about beggars; Ayrshire Post withdraws ill-chosen terms and publishes letters of complaint
- Subjects
Xenophobia ,Racism ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
Byline: Roy G Protesters who accused a Scottish weekly newspaper of xenophobia and racism staged a rally outside its offices. About 30 people gathered outside the Ayrshire Post to complain [...]
- Published
- 2015
12. Beyond the nation-state and its units of analysis: towards a new research agenda for migration studies: essentials of migration theory ; paper presented at the conference on ‘Transnationalisation and Development(s): Towards a North-South Perspective’, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Bielefeld, Germany, May 31 - June 01, 2007
- Author
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Glick Schiller, Nina and Universität Bielefeld, Fak. für Soziologie, Centre on Migration, Citizenship and Development (COMCAD)
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descriptive study ,alien policy ,deskriptive Studie ,Einwanderung ,Migrationspolitik ,Nationalismus ,migration ,Einwanderungspolitik ,Ausländerrecht ,Einwanderungsland ,migration potential ,xenophobia ,Entwicklung ,nationalism ,Migration, Sociology of Migration ,theory ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ,Ausländerfeindlichkeit ,development ,Ausländerpolitik ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,Ausländer ,anwendungsorientiert ,Migrant ,alien ,Migrationsforschung ,immigration policy ,applied research ,law on aliens ,immigration country ,ddc:300 ,migration policy ,migration research ,Theorie ,Migrationspotential ,immigration - Abstract
Migranten sind nationale und internationale Akteure. Einerseits tragen sie in ihren Herkunftsländern u.a. durch ihre Heimatüberweisungen zur Entwicklung bei, andererseits wird ihnen oftmals vorgeworfen, sich nicht in ihr Gastland zu integrieren und letztendlich eine Bedrohung für die nationale Sicherheit darzustellen. Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Frage, wie die Migrationstheorie mit diesen Widersprüchlichkeiten umgeht. Die Autorin weist nach, dass Migrationstheoretiker die Perspektiven ihrer jeweiligen Nationalstaaten übernommen haben, und kritisiert diesen methodologischen Nationalismus. Als Alternative plädiert sie für eine globale Perspektive auf Migration, die die Analyse sozialer Prozesse erleichtern würde und darüber hinaus internationale Machtfaktoren mit einbeziehen könnte. (ICD) Contents: Introduction; The Methodological Nationalism of Migration Studies: Rooted Concepts; (a) Migration research as projects situated in national territories; (b) From national origins to national stocks - developing the “scientific essentialism” of migration studies; (c) National stocks, national territories, and the development of assimilationist theory; (d) The Ethnic Lens; Transnational community studies: Haunted by the spirit of methodological nationalism; Global cities literature: Speaking Global and Reinforcing the National; Migration, Development and Scalar Perspectives on Locality; Transnational Fields of Power; Conclusions.
- Published
- 2007
13. Claiming Space: A Case Study of Ndebele Zimbabwean Migrants’ Music in Johannesburg.
- Author
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Sakhelene Ndlovu, Duduzile
- Subjects
INTERSECTIONALITY ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,MUSICAL analysis ,XENOPHOBIA ,IMMIGRANTS ,LEAD time (Supply chain management) - Abstract
Copyright of Revista INVI is the property of Universidad de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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14. Xenophobia: a hindrance factor to South Africa’s ambition of becoming a developmental state.
- Author
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Blanco Niyitunga, Eric
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,LOCAL delivery services ,EXPANSION of solids ,ECONOMIC structure ,ECONOMIC opportunities ,ECONOMIC expansion - Abstract
The prevalence of xenophobic violence toward foreigners has hindered South Africa’s ambition to become a developmental state since 2007, when the concept of a “democratic developmental state” was first endorsed during the African National Congress (ANC) conference in Polokwane. This ambition has also been thwarted by the inability of the post-apartheid regime to provide adequate and sustainable services to the citizens. Xenophobia has disrupted economic growth and has contributed to poor service delivery in local municipalities, thus leading to social protests. The developmental state depends mainly on a solid balance of economic growth and human development. It also leans on the capacity of the state to establish policies that address poverty and promote the expansion of solid economic opportunities. In this endeavor, migrants increase economic growth and make it sustainable, increase productivity, and promote the labor market. They also promote the labor force and human capital, economic growth, and public finance, thus enabling the realization of a developmental state. However, xenophobia has limited migrants’ contributions to economic growth and social well-being in South Africa. It has destructive effects on South Africa’s economic structure and growth, thus affecting the delivery of adequate services that would enhance its ability to achieve a developmental state. The paper recommends that there is a need for South Africa to understand that xenophobia affects economic growth and the service delivery framework. To address the prevalence of xenophobia and achieve its ambition of a developmental state, South Africa needs to hasten its responses to curb xenophobia and integrate migrants into economic opportunities. The paper adopted a qualitative research methodology and conceptual and document analysis techniques to collect data that enabled the achievement of the above assertions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Book ReviewsAntisemitism and Xenophobia in Germany after Unification. Edited by Hermann Kurthen, Werner Bergmann, and Rainer Erb. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp. xv+318. $65.00 (cloth); $29.95 (paper)
- Author
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Ruud Koopmans
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Unification ,Philosophy ,Xenophobia ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Religious studies ,media_common ,Law and economics - Published
- 1998
16. Francis B. Nyamnjoh. Insiders and Outsiders: Citizenship and Xenophobia in Contemporary Southern Africa. Dakar, Senegal: CODESRIA/London: Zed Books, 2006. Distributed in the U.S. by Palgrave Macmillan, New York, x + 273 pp. Notes. References. Index. $85.00. Cloth. $29.95. Paper
- Author
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Yakubu M. Azindow
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Identity politics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Immigration ,Languages of Africa ,Ethnic group ,Gender studies ,Modernization theory ,language.human_language ,Tswana ,Anthropology ,Xenophobia ,language ,Sociology ,Citizenship ,media_common - Abstract
Francis B. Nyamnjoh. Insiders and Outsiders: Citizenship and Xenophobia in Contemporary Southern Africa. Dakar, Senegal: CODESRIA/London: Zed Books, 2006. Distributed in the U.S. by Palgrave Macmillan, New York, x + 273 pp. Notes. References. Index. $85.00. Cloth. $29.95. Paper. In this remarkable study in CODESRIA's Africa in the New Millennium series, Francis Nyamnjoh aptly demonstrates how belonging is variously construed, claimed, and contested in South Africa and Botswana. The study reveals that globalization and citizenship are highly hierarchical processes affecting individuals and communities differently. Indeed, the growing importance of identity politics and more exclusionary ideas of citizenship is matched by the desire to identify differences and distinguish between "insiders" (citizens) and "outsiders" (immigrants). In both South Africa and Botswana, where the economies are relatively more prosperous than in other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, xenophobia against immigrants from other African countries is on the rise and permeates virtually every social and economic class. Chapters 1 and 2 investigate citizenship, mobility, and xenophobia in South Africa and Botswana, respectively. The study reveals how in South Africa black African immigrants are being described as Makwerekwere, particularly by South African blacks. The term Makwerekwere represents not only a black immigrant who lacks competency in local South African languages, but also one who hails from a country assumed to be economically and culturally backward in relation to South Africa. For most xenophobic South Africans, "Makwerekwere and modernization are like a clash of night and day" (40). Similarly, chapter 2 documents local attitudes toward foreigners and discusses tensions over entitlements among ethnic groups in Botswana. While every Botswana national can claim to be a legal citizen, some are perceived by the majority Tswana groups as less "authentic" nationals; citizens from the majority Tswana ethnic group have to various degrees claimed for themselves the status of landlords, making ethnic minorities tenants. The remaining chapters in Insiders and Outsiders focus on the situation of household workers globally and in Southern Africa in particular. Chapter 3 documents the exploitation of domestic employees and the coping strategies adopted by them. It appears ironic that in a country where wealth is purportedly more abundant, they are still subjected to ruthless exploitation, regardless of whether they are citizens or migrants. …
- Published
- 2007
17. Migration vis-à-vis Philoxenia in South African context: implications for African continental integration.
- Author
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Maseng, Jonathan Oshupeng
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,XENOPHOBIA ,SOCIAL cohesion ,QUALITATIVE research - Abstract
Many scholars in the field of migration and xenophobia have consistently examined various levels and expressions of xenophobic behavior within the South African context. They have contributed significantly to conceptualizing migration as inherently conflict-prone, often citing incidents categorized as xenophobia, Afrophobia, and color-blind xenophobia in both scholarly and public discussions. While ample scholarly evidence exists regarding factors that promote social cohesion between South Africans and African immigrants, as well as their implications for African continental integration, there is a notable dearth of scholarly attention on how Philoxenia, the concept of extending friendship or hospitality to strangers, can contribute to the project of African continental integration. Utilizing qualitative research methods and document analysis as a data collection technique, this paper reveals those certain aspects of the South African migration legislative framework exhibit Philoxenic characteristics. Moreover, the paper provides evidence of multiple economic sectors and communities in the country that demonstrate Philoxenia. The paper concludes that Philoxenia can serve as a catalyst towards achieving a united state of Africa, while "xenophobia", "Afrophobia", "Threats" to social cohesion", "colour-blind xenophobia" and "sibling fights or sibling bullying" are impediments to this long-term objective of the African Union. The paper recommends that, South Africa as one of Africa's dominant African immigrants' host state must come up with legislation that criminalizes the latter actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. SAfrica 'still haven' for Zimbabweans despite threats of xenophobia-paper
- Subjects
Xenophobia ,Business ,Business, international ,General interest ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
Text of report by South African privately-owned, established daily newspaper The Star website on 9 July [Report by Ndivhuwo Musetha, African Eye News: 'SA still a Haven despite Threat of [...]
- Published
- 2010
19. Antisemitism and Xenophobia in Germany after Unification. Edited by Hermann Kurthen, Werner Bergmann, and Rainer Erb. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. 318p. $65.00 cloth, $29.95 paper
- Author
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Manfred Kuechler
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Unification ,Philosophy ,Political economy ,Xenophobia ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political Science and International Relations ,Antisemitism ,Religious studies ,media_common - Published
- 1999
20. American Xenophobia and the Slav Immigrant: A Living Legacy of Mind and Spirit. By Josephine Wtulich. Boulder: East European Monographs, 1994. Dist. Columbia University Press, ix, 203 pp. $25.00, hard bound. - Russian Refuge: Religion, Migration, and Settlement on the North American Pacific Rim. By Susan Wiley Hardwick. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993. xiii, 237 pp. Index. Maps. Plates. Tables. $17.95, paper
- Author
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Thaddeus C. Radzilowski
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Index (economics) ,History ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Pacific Rim ,Xenophobia ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Immigration ,Columbia university ,Theology ,Ancient history ,Settlement (litigation) ,media_common - Published
- 1995
21. The Roma and the double-movement of Social Europe.
- Author
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Ryder, Andrew
- Subjects
SOCIAL integration ,XENOPHOBIA ,FINANCIAL crises ,SOCIAL change ,CRITICAL thinking ,NATIONALISM - Abstract
This article uses a Polanyian frame to place the plight of Roma in Europe in the context of an age of crisis, as evidenced by faltering neoliberal economies and a corresponding rise in xenophobia and extreme manifestations of nationalism. The situation of the Roma remains precarious, a situation exacerbated by the 2008 economic crises and the COVID-pandemic. Despite a number of social inclusion measures in recent decades, at the national and European level which target the Roma, Roma exclusion remains a serious challenge. The paper assesses why previous policy regimes failed but also reflects on what is the way forward in terms of inclusive policy frameworks. The article seeks to provide some answers to these questions with a vision of a Polanyian countermovement in the form of a New Social Europe predicated on redistribution, recognition and community action but also a re-envisioning of integration and transformative change in structural and cultural terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Noah's Ark to the Great Commission: Defusing Xenophobia in South Africa.
- Author
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Thinane, Jonas Sello
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,REFUGEE camps ,HUMANITY - Abstract
While incidents of xenophobia, or the occurrence thereof, in some parts of South Africa, are both deplorable and deeply reprehensible, it is important never to ignore the political factors that perpetuate them. Using the interpretive method, this article drew on the literature to present or reinterpret the story of Noah's Ark in Genesis 6:13-9:29 and the Great Commission of Matthew 28:16-20 in a way that is aimed at defusing xenophobia in South Africa. The Missio Politica as used in this paper provided a missiological framework in which political factors perpetuating xenophobia were seen as an obstacle to the goals of the Missio Dei, particularly the complete redemption of humanity. This paper argued that the continued unlawful imposition of international sanctions against some African countries such as Zimbabwe and, moreover, the lack of refugee camps in countries such as South Africa significantly exacerbates the problem of xenophobia. Consequently, pursuant to defusing xenophobia in South Africa, this paper calls for a renewed mission that includes rejecting unlawful sanctions against African countries and establishing refugee camps not only in South Africa but in all African countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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23. Structural forces shape xenophobia in South Africa: Looking beyond the human agent.
- Author
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Tewolde, Amanuel Isak
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,POST-apartheid era ,NEOLIBERALISM ,VIOLENCE - Abstract
In examining xenophobia in South Africa, scholars have advanced various theoretical explanations to make sense of its causes and nature. Within this paper, I focus on the ways in which multiple structural arrangements create conditions for the manifestation of xenophobia in post‐apartheid South Africa. By drawing on Louis Althusser's notion of 'interpellation' and Judith Butler's concept of 'the subject,' I disconnect xenophobia in South Africa from the conscious and autonomous human agent and locate it within larger structural frameworks, namely historical residues of othering, neo‐liberal political economy, the exclusionary state and negative media representations of refugees and migrants. I argue that voluntary, conscious attitudes do not primarily lead to violence or other forms of exclusion as some may argue; instead, a constellation of systemic/structural forces shape and inform xenophobic attitudes and violence. This paper asks scholars to look more deeply into the relationship between exclusion/violence and structural constraints than perhaps they have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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24. Critiquing Ndlovu's (2014) theorisation of South Africa's 'exceptionalism' and 'xenophobia' in minister Fikile Mbalula's speech: An essay.
- Author
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Mafukata, Mavhungu Abel
- Subjects
EXCEPTIONALISM (Political science) ,CITIZENSHIP ,XENOPHOBIA - Abstract
This paper uses desktop review to critique Ndlovu (2014)'s analysis of South Africa's 'exceptionalism' and 'xenophobia' based on the articulations of the minister of Sports Fikile Mbalula at the Cape Town stadium in September 2014. Critical analysis underpinned on interpretivism was used to argue that Ndlovu chose an irrelevant case to frame his problem. This resulted in the biased analysis as published. Ndlovu (2014) is ignorant on the influence of sports rivalrism on human behaviour - especially as it has been historical between Nigeria and South Africa. Ndlovu's (2014) description of Black South Africans affirms Euro-American hostility and attitude on Blackness which to this tradition denotes 'danger' - a sentiment sponsored by the swart gevaar philosophy of the apartheid regime in South Africa. The idea of the swart gevaar philosophy was to assassinate Blackness and Black people's character. It is concluded that Ndlovu (2014) is pontifical - wanting to model immigrant nationals as victims of Black South Africans while positioning white and immigrant nationals as the civilised humans who happened to share social space with the barbarous Black South Africans. This is an antagonistic approach of wanting to solve what could be a real challenge in society however ending with the unintended consequence of broadening existing social polarisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. The tendency and affecting factors of nursing students' Xenophobia toward refugees from the perspective of ecological systems theory: A convergent parallel mixed method study.
- Author
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Mert-Karadas M, Kovanci MS, Ocalan S, Uslu-Sahan F, and Ozdemir L
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Turkey, Surveys and Questionnaires, Qualitative Research, Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate, Adult, Young Adult, Attitude of Health Personnel, Students, Nursing psychology, Students, Nursing statistics & numerical data, Refugees psychology, Xenophobia psychology
- Abstract
Aim: This study aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of nursing students' xenophobic tendencies toward refugees and affecting factors from the perspective of Ecological Systems Theory., Background: Nursing students' xenophobia toward refugees may negatively affect their care for patients. To effectively prevent xenophobia, it is essential to identify its underlying factors., Design: A convergent parallel mixed method., Methods: This study was conducted with third and fourth-grade nursing students at a university in Turkey. In the quantitative phase, online surveys were used, employing convenience sampling, with 227 participants. In the qualitative phase, purposive sampling was used and data were collected through in-depth interviews with 17 participants on the Zoom platform. Data were obtained using the Participant Information Form, Xenophobia Scale and Semi-Structured Interview Form., Results: Nursing students who are male, in their third year, have low economic status, lack immigrant friends, lack immigrants in the family members, receive information about immigrants from social media and live in regions with a high concentration of immigrants have higher levels of xenophobia (p<0.05). In the qualitative phase, our study results showed that negative experiences with refugees, economic and social worries, perception of security threats, cultural conflicts and negative media messages toward refugees can lead to xenophobia. In addition, students stated that lessons about immigrants and caring for them in clinics can improve their ability to empathize with immigrants., Conclusion: Nursing curriculums should cover immigrant care and interaction to combat xenophobia, which can improve empathy skills and raise awareness., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE.
- Author
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ALAVERDOV, EMILIA
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,CULTURAL identity ,TRADITIONAL societies ,EMPIRICAL research ,COMPARATIVE method ,EVALUATION methodology - Abstract
Aim. The goal of the paper is migration processes in the context of globalisation leading to the erosion of cultural identity and the emergence of many heterogeneous cultures in many countries. Modern countries, where traditional societies with minor inclusions of another culture of European origin, have turned into multicultural communities, in which there are many scenarios for intercultural dialogue and multiculturalisation, including such negative options as xenophobia and racism, highlighting that one of the consequences of the multicultural approach in Europe has been a retreat into closed cultural communities. Methods. During the working process on the paper we applied the main methods of social and political studies such as the comparative analysis method; empirical methods; the method of observation; evaluation method and methods of content analysis. The paper is based on empirical research materials, articles, reports, research, and books. Results and conclusion. By way of conclusion, we can say that Muslim migrants who arrive in Europe, for the most part, do not hurry to integrate into the local society. Compared to the local population, they wear different clothes, have different habits, and profess a different religion. All this sets one to consider them y as "others," as strangers, which, under certain conditions, can lead to a feeling of fear or hostility (Alaverdov, 2020). The fact that Muslims maintain respect for their traditions is often seen by residents of their host countries as a sign of disrespect for local traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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27. The Rise of Xenophobia and Nationalism in China Since the COVID Pandemic: Insights from Discourse Analysis.
- Author
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Chan, Lai-Ha and Lee, Pak K.
- Abstract
Since the successful containment of COVID-19 in Wuhan in late March 2020, China had implemented a nationwide highly stringent and restrictive zero-COVID policy to manage the pandemic until the sudden swift away from it in early December 2022. How did the Chinese Communist Party discursively construct it as a 'normal' and legitimate policy? Using interpretivism and poststructuralist political theory, this paper examines how Chinese political elites constructed a discourse of danger for the COVID pandemic, with the dominant discursive narratives full of xenophobic and nationalist languages. The discourse framed 'foreigners' as 'threats' to Chinese people's health, advocated that China should rely on home-made vaccines and medicines and, more importantly, argued that the Chinese Communist rule demonstrates 'institutional superiority' over Western governance. This xenophobic and nationalist discourse has lingered on after the dismantling of the zero-COVID policy. There are grounds for us to concern whether China is seeking self-reliance rather than integrating itself with the world. A Chinese decoupling from the world—a nationalist self-reliance policy similar with that in the Mao era—is not unthinkable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Situating Dashed Prospects of Independence into the Xenophobic Narrative in South Africa.
- Author
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Yingi, Edwin, Ncube, Tomy, and Benyera, Everisto
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,APARTHEID ,STEREOTYPES ,NARRATIVES - Abstract
Xenophobia in South Africa is often depicted as anti-immigrant sentiments and stereotypes that emanate from social, political, and economic misconceptions. This paper argues that though the causes of xenophobia are many and complex, they stem from the dashed hopes of independence and the legacy of apartheid. This narrative has over the years been overshadowed by the view that xenophobic attacks in South Africa are a product of hate and anti-migration. We argue that the failure of successive governments of the ANC to correct the wrongs of the apartheid past and make the economy inclusive has stoked the tensions between citizens and foreign nationals. To underscore this point, this paper undertakes a discussion on the pertinent implications of the political trajectory of xenophobia in South Africa and makes some recommendations on what can be done to reduce incidences of xenophobic attacks in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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29. Reducing the impact of the coronavirus on disadvantaged migrants and ethnic minorities
- Author
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Rosemary James, Karl Blanchet, Laurence Gruer, Bernadette N. Kumar, Charles Agyemang, Sally Hargreaves, Public and occupational health, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Global Health, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, and ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Economic growth ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ethnic group ,Vulnerable Populations ,Racism ,Political science ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,AcademicSubjects/MED00860 ,AcademicSubjects/SOC01210 ,Pandemics ,media_common ,Transients and Migrants ,Right to health ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,Disadvantaged ,Outreach ,Supplement Papers ,Xenophobia ,Communicable Disease Control ,AcademicSubjects/SOC02610 - Abstract
Studies from several countries have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionally affected migrants. Many have numerous risk factors making them vulnerable to infection and poor clinical outcome. Policies to mitigate this effect need to take into account public health principles of inclusion, universal health coverage and the right to health. In addition, the migrant health agenda has been compromised by the suspension of asylum processes and resettlement, border closures, increased deportations and lockdown of camps and excessively restrictive public health measures. International organizations including the World Health Organization and the World Bank have recommended measures to actively counter racism, xenophobia and discrimination by systemically including migrants in the COVID-19 pandemic response. Such recommendations include issuing additional support, targeted communication and reducing barriers to accessing health services and information. Some countries have had specific policies and outreach to migrant groups, including facilitating vaccination. Measures and policies targeting migrants should be evaluated, and good models disseminated widely.
- Published
- 2021
30. Citizenship, Immigration and Race Relations in Lambeth Palace Library Archives.
- Author
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Elias, Hannah
- Subjects
- *
RACE relations , *XENOPHOBIA , *RACIAL inequality , *HISTORY of citizenship , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *CITIZENSHIP - Abstract
Lambeth Palace Library's primary function is to preserve the records of the Church of England, but there are ample opportunities for researchers to use these archives to better understand Britain's histories of citizenship, race relations, and migration in the twentieth century. Lambeth Palace Library (LPL) houses documents on projects on race relations undertaken by the British Council of Churches and the Church of England's Board of Social Responsibility's Race and Community Relations Committee, as well as Archbishop Michael Ramsey's correspondence from his tenure as Chair of the National Committee of Commonwealth Immigrants. These papers attest to the Church of England's significant role in urgent national debates on migrant rights and race equality, and the work of organisations representing the interests of Commonwealth migrants as they actively sought the support of church leaders in their campaigns. LPL collections reveal the important place British churches had in building networks, providing funding and supplying resources to support anti‐racist organisations, and the ways ideas of Britishness were contested in the 1960s and 1970s around the passage of the Commonwealth Immigrants Acts and Race Relations Acts. Papers in LPL collections can also be used to critically examine post‐imperial formations of Whiteness, xenophobia and the racialisation of British citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. COVID-19 Leads to Dramatic Changes in the Food Retail Environment in New York City: May–July 2020
- Author
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Tamar Adjoian Mezzacca, Shahmir H. Ali, Stella S. Yi, Valerie Imbruce, David C. Lee, Julie A. Kranick, Ashley Radee, Felice Tsui, Victoria Foster, Stella Chong, and Rienna Russo
- Subjects
Asian American ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Restaurants ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Epidemiology ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Ethnic group ,Food Supply ,Immigrant health ,Primary outcome ,Residence Characteristics ,Asian americans ,medicine ,Humans ,Socioeconomics ,Chinese americans ,Original Paper ,Xenophobia ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Geography ,Chinese American ,New York City ,Food retail environment - Abstract
A systematic assessment of the effect of COVID-19 on the food retail environment—an important determinant of health—has not been conducted. Our objective was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on closures of restaurants, food retail stores, and fresh produce vendors in New York City (NYC). We conducted a cross-sectional study following the peak of COVID-19 in six neighborhoods in NYC. Two Chinese ethnic neighborhoods and four higher/lower resourced comparison neighborhoods were selected a priori based on 14 sociodemographic indicators. The primary outcome was indefinite/temporary closures or absence of food businesses. Of 2720 food businesses identified, produce vendors and restaurants were more likely to close than food retail stores. A higher proportion of food businesses closed in Chinese ethnic neighborhoods vs. comparison neighborhoods. COVID-19 impacted food businesses in six NYC neighborhoods examined in this period, with the greatest effect observed for Chinese ethnic neighborhoods. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10903-021-01230-7.
- Published
- 2021
32. The U.S.—Mexican War in James Russell Lowell's "The Biglow Papers."
- Author
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Rodríguez, J. Javier
- Subjects
ESSAYS ,MEXICAN War, 1846-1848 ,SATIRE ,WAR & literature ,XENOPHOBIA ,PATRIOTISM ,WAR ,UNITED States politics & government ,UNITED States literatures - Abstract
The article reports on the war between the U.S. and Mexico from 1846 to 1848 and James Russell's "The Biglow Papers." It mentions that literature on the war ignore the contradictions in its purpose and instead discusses American exceptionalism and patriotism. The article describes the debates on the war's morality and the mythology which writers created in support of the war. It discusses "The Biglow Papers," a satire against the war by James Russell. The article examines "The Biglow Papers" and its discussion on the war.
- Published
- 2007
33. 'A foreigner is not a person in this country': xenophobia and the informal sector in South Africa's secondary cities.
- Author
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Tawodzera, Godfrey and Crush, Jonathan
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,INFORMAL sector ,METROPOLITAN areas ,METROPOLIS ,CITIES & towns ,VANDALISM ,PRIVATE sector - Abstract
South Africa's major cities are periodically wracked by large-scale xenophobic violence directed at migrants and refugees from other countries. Informal sector businesses and their migrant owners and employees are particularly vulnerable targets during these attacks. Migrant-owned businesses are also targeted on a regular basis in smaller-scale looting and destruction of property. There is now a large literature on the characteristics and causes of xenophobic violence and attitudes in South Africa, most of it based on quantitative and qualitative research in the country's major metropolitan areas. One of the consequences of big-city xenophobia has been a search for alternative markets and safer spaces by migrants, including relocating to the country's many smaller urban centres. The question addressed in this paper is whether they are welcomed in these cities and towns or subject to the same kinds of victimization as in large cities. This paper is the first to systematically examine this question by focusing on a group of towns in Limpopo Province and the experiences of migrants in the informal sector there. Through survey evidence and in-depth interviews and focus groups with migrant and South African vendors, the paper demonstrates that xenophobia is also pervasive in these smaller centres, in ways that both echo and differ from that in the large cities. The findings in this paper have broader significance for other countries attempting to deal with the rise of xenophobia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The internationalism of stateless nations: The case of Hong Kong.
- Author
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Ho, Justin Chun‐ting
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,CHINESE people ,INTERNATIONALISM ,POLITICAL parties ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation ,COUNTRIES ,SOCIAL context - Abstract
Nationalism is often associated with xenophobia and isolationism in academic literature. The negative image of nationalism has been further strengthened by the electoral success of far‐right political figures across the world. However, treating all nationalism as a uniformly negative phenomenon risks over‐simplification, as nationalism might manifest differently given different social context and rhetorical resources available. Taking Hong Kong as a case, this paper theorises Hong Kong as a stateless nation and examines the alleged negative association of nationalism. It moves beyond the traditional 'Hong Kong vis‐a‐vis China' framework and explores the relationship between Hong Kong nationalists and non‐Chinese international actors. Drawing on data from major Hong Kong political parties' Facebook page, this paper shows that Hong Kong nationalism exhibits a high level of internationalism in both inward and outward dimensions, theorised, respectively, as the willingness to accept foreign influence and to invite international cooperation, and therefore offers a nuanced understanding about the relationship between nationalism, xenophobia and isolationism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Anti-Asian Sentiments During the COVID-19 Pandemic Across 20 Countries: Analysis of a 12-Billion-Word News Media Database
- Author
-
Reuben Ng
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Health Informatics ,computer.software_genre ,Racism ,Individualism ,xenophobia ,Asian People ,Political science ,Pandemic ,Humans ,Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory ,racism ,Pandemics ,News media ,media_common ,Uncertainty avoidance ,Government ,Original Paper ,text as data ,Database ,SARS-CoV-2 ,quantitative social science ,COVID-19 ,culture ,psychomics ,Attitude ,Masculinity ,anti-Asian sentiments ,digital humanities ,computer - Abstract
Background US president Joe Biden signed an executive action directing federal agencies to combat hate crimes and racism against Asians, which have percolated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is one of the first known empirical studies to dynamically test whether global societal sentiments toward Asians have become more negative during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective This study aimed to investigate whether global societal sentiments toward Asians across 20 countries have become more negative, month by month, from before the pandemic (October 2019) to May 2020, along with the pandemic (incidence and mortality rates) and cultural (Hofstede’s cultural dimensions) predictors of this trend. Methods We leveraged a 12-billion-word web-based media database, with over 30 million newspaper and magazine articles taken from over 7000 sites across 20 countries, and identified 6 synonyms of “Asian” that are related to the coronavirus. We compiled their most frequently used descriptors (collocates) from October 2019 to May 2020 across 20 countries, culminating in 85,827 collocates that were rated by 2 independent researchers to provide a Cumulative Asian Sentiment Score (CASS) per month. This allowed us to track significant shifts in societal sentiments toward Asians from a baseline period (October to December 2019) to the onset of the pandemic (January to May 2020). We tested the competing predictors of this trend: pandemic variables of incidence and mortality rates measured monthly for all 20 countries taken from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, and Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions of Individualism, Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Masculinity for the 20 countries. Results Before the pandemic in December 2019, Jamaica and New Zealand evidenced the most negative societal sentiments toward Asians; when news about the coronavirus was released in January 2020, the United States and Nigeria evidenced the most negative sentiments toward Asians among 20 countries. Globally, sentiments of Asians became more negative—a significant linear decline during the COVID-19 pandemic. CASS trended neutral before the pandemic during the baseline period of October to November 2019 and then plummeted in February 2020. CASS were, ironically, not predicted by COVID-19’s incidence and mortality rates, but rather by Hofstede’s cultural dimensions: individualism, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance—as shown by mixed models (N=28,494). Specifically, higher power distance, individualism, and uncertainty avoidance were associated with negative societal sentiments toward Asians. Conclusions Racism, in the form of Anti-Asian sentiments, are deep-seated, and predicated on structural undercurrents of culture. The COVID-19 pandemic may have indirectly and inadvertently exacerbated societal tendencies for racism. Our study lays the important groundwork to design interventions and policy communications to ameliorate Anti-Asian racism, which are culturally nuanced and contextually appropriate.
- Published
- 2021
36. Disentangling aporophobia from xenophobia in the EU-15.
- Author
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Valerio Mendoza, Octasiano M., Comim, Flavio, and Borsi, Mihály T.
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,HUMAN capital ,SOCIAL cohesion ,PUBLIC safety - Abstract
This paper analyses whether the human capital levels embodied in immigrants can explain xenophobic trends for 126 regions in 14 EU-15 countries from 1998 to 2018. It tests if xenophobic regions may be rejecting immigrants because they are poor, a phenomenon recently defined as 'aporophobia'. The results indicate that larger inflows of low-educated immigrants working in low-skilled occupations are significantly correlated with a higher rejection of migrants, thus confirming the aporophobia hypothesis. The findings in this paper bring light to the discussion of a powerful concept which underpins the need for a more just society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Potencializando o enegrecer a partir da análise fílmica de Green Book: um guia para a vida.
- Author
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Farias, Eduardo Augusto, de Souza, Ravelli Henrique, and de Oliveira, Marta Regina Furlan
- Subjects
BLACK musicians ,SOCIAL processes ,SOCIAL learning ,SCHOOL failure ,LEARNING ,XENOPHOBIA - Abstract
Copyright of Pós: Revista do Programa de POS-Graduacao Em Artes - EBA/UFMG is the property of Pos - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Artes (PPG-Artes) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Navigating Racialisation and Whiteness: British Turks’ Struggles for Belonging in Multiscale Public Spaces within the UK.
- Author
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Onay, Özge
- Subjects
PUBLIC spaces ,RACE identity ,CITIES & towns ,RACIALIZATION ,ISLAMOPHOBIA ,XENOPHOBIA - Abstract
This paper explores the complex dynamics of racialization and whiteness within the context of British Turks’ pursuit of belonging in multiscale public spaces in the UK. It examines how these dynamics ultimately lead them to perceive themselves as “non-British” and affirm their place as “Other” within mainstream British society. Based on their experiences in multiscale spatialities, ranging from urban and provincial cities to university campuses and pubs, this study delves into subtle forms of exclusions and stigmatizations tied to differentiated ways British Turks are racialized, revealing how racial identities are constantly reconstructed and contested in these spaces. Based on the discourses of racialization and whiteness emanating from the social and political context in which xenophobia and Islamophobia emerge, the findings highlight the need to consider the intersections of race, ethnicity, culture, and religion in understanding how British Turks constantly question their place and belonging in the UK and confront racial boundaries and different forms of racisms including Islamophobia within various settings in Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Xenophobia in South Africa: Problematising Ubuntu as an Ethical Response.
- Author
-
Mthombeni, Zama
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,HUMAN rights ,HUMANISM ,CIVIL society - Abstract
Despite the human rights principles established in South Africa's Constitution, there have been recurrent waves of xenophobia throughout the country's history. Foreigners who live in South Africa have been perceived as the victims of xenophobia and South Africans as the perpetrators. This paper aims to problematise the usage of the 'ubuntu' ideology as a utopian African ethic to promote 'universal' African humanism. It seems that apartheid's heritage, which produced the present-day South Africa in which these xenophobic events occur, is often overlooked when South Africans are characterised as xenophobic and in need of ubuntu salvation. The study makes the case that colonial and political issues, which continue to have an impact on high levels of poverty and unemployment, should be considered as ongoing contributors to xenophobia. Several anti-immigration organisations have emerged as discussion points in the country. This study will only concentrate on one of these: Operation Dudula. This paper critically examines the reasons why Operation Dudula is continuing to expand despite protests from civil society organisations. This paper demonstrates, via media stories, how the media primarily portrays the organisation as vigilante that vex ubuntu and African unification. The paper makes the claim that marginalised South Africans are 'Native Foreigners', as opposed to simply perpetrators, drawing on Neocosmos' idea of native foreigners. Instead of being considered as a problem that needs ubuntu's salvation, the paper argues that anti-immigrant organisations should be understood as a sign of unsolved colonial and political problems that need to be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Missio Politica Pro-Refugee Camps: The Case of South Africa.
- Author
-
Thinane, Jonas Sello
- Subjects
REFUGEE camps ,POLITICAL refugees ,XENOPHOBIA ,MISSIOLOGISTS - Abstract
Dissimilar to several countries of the world including some African countries such as both Namibia and Botswana, South Africa continues to be without refugee camps nor camp policy. The problems arising from the lack of such measures have become apparent in recent years, as increasing numbers of refugees and asylum-seekers living in host communities have become victims of violent situations. Among some of the challenges resulting from this absence is that during the heightening of xenophobia or at times during public protests, both unsuspecting refugees and asylumseekers are left without protection. To this end, this paper relied upon literature and employed a missio politica framework to align the urgent need for refugee camps in South Africa with the objectives of the Missio Dei. Although South Africa is the case in point, the objective was to argue for the establishment of refugee camps in all of Africa permanently open to accommodate refugees and asylum-seekers. In this way, the main goals of the Missio Dei, especially with regard to total salvation, are achieved at the continental level. Consequently, the scope of this paper provided an opportunity to further examine a new and relatively unexplored significance of refugee camps from a theological and missiological perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Manifestations of xenophobia in AI systems
- Author
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Tomasev, Nenad, Maynard, Jonathan Leader, and Gabriel, Iason
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Ambivalent perceptions of the Other: Towards a dual-process sociology of intercultural relations.
- Author
-
Høy-Petersen, Nina
- Abstract
Applying theories from sociology and social psychology concerned with the intersection of culture and cognition to in-depth interviews, this paper empirically explores the Norwegian majority population’s perceptions of cultural diversities using a dual-process (DP) methodological and analytic approach. Globalization has produced a mix of new anxieties, opportunities, and curiosities, leaving most people juggling conflicting objectives of self-preservation and selfrealization, and making cognitive self-regulation and behavioural flexibility valorized skills of contemporary life. Instead of identifying xenophobic and cosmopolitan attitudes at opposite ends of a spectrum, the current paper argues in line with current research and theory in studies of DP cognition that they commonly co-exist, albeit in separate automatic and discursive cognitive systems, within the same individual. As a result, people’s perceptions of cultural and ethnic diversities tend to be ambivalent and contextually malleable – for example, in cases where their deep dispositions appear incompatible with their own self-concept or dominant cultural expectations. Most centrally, the current research proposes concrete strategies to elicit responses from both cognitive systems in the context of interpretive interviews. Secondly, the paper proposes clues that help to identify from which cognitive system interviewees’ conflicting cosmopolitan and xenophobic attitudes originate, thereby enabling researchers to further delineate the specific characteristics of these attitudes, including the mode of cultural learning through which they form, their flexibility or robustness to change, their role in behaviour motivation, and the extent to which they are conscious and controllable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Xenophobia and the end of ontological ubuntu.
- Author
-
Sule, Peter
- Subjects
AFRICAN philosophy ,XENOPHOBIA ,UBUNTU (Philosophy) ,ANIMAL welfare associations ,HUMANISM ,HUMAN beings - Abstract
A central notion of Ubuntu depicts it as a philosophy unique to African affinity and views Africans as communalistic and Westerners as individualistic. Given the reality of xenophobic practices, this paper advances arguments that question this thesis, arguing that the basis for such peculiarity does not inhere in Ubuntu as a distinctive African philosophy; rather it is reflective of the stage of development on each side of the divide. Pursuant of this argument, the paper distinguishes between ontological and axiological Ubuntu. While ontological Ubuntu (OU) refers to, among other constructs, the 'authentic mode of being African', axiological Ubuntu (AU) is a prescriptive moral ideal to which all humanity ought to aspire in an era of modernity. Using the method of critical analysis, the paper submits that xenophobia and other forms of socio-political exclusions greatly contradict the central tenets or humanism of OU and render it untenable in modern times. Conversely, AU is reflective of modernity with its emphasis on individualistic modes of production. Modernity has come to stay and Africa must approach it, not by OU or a 'narrative of return' to a philosophy uniquely African, but by AU, an ethical theory that must guide our pursuit of a humane society not just as Africans, but as human beings. To this end, and contrary to the argument that Ubuntu has 'reached its end' in its entirety, the paper concludes that something is left of it, though not uniquely African. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Communicative Blame in Online Communication of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Computational Approach of Stigmatizing Cues and Negative Sentiment Gauged With Automated Analytic Techniques
- Author
-
Peter J. Schulz, Matthew Tingchi Liu, Sheng Tsung Tu, and Angela Chang
- Subjects
Social stigma ,blame ,media_common.quotation_subject ,social media ,Stigma (botany) ,050801 communication & media studies ,Health Informatics ,political grievances ,lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,infodemiology ,Blame ,03 medical and health sciences ,infoveillance ,0302 clinical medicine ,0508 media and communications ,placing blame ,infodemic ,negativity ,Data Mining ,Humans ,Social media ,030212 general & internal medicine ,culprits ,media_common ,Original Paper ,Social network ,business.industry ,communication ,SARS-CoV-2 ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,pandemic ,05 social sciences ,Sentiment analysis ,COVID-19 ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Public relations ,Health Communication ,Analytics ,infodemic analysis ,stigma ,Xenophobia ,sentiment analysis ,lcsh:R858-859.7 ,Chemistry, Analytic ,Psychology ,business - Abstract
Background Information about a new coronavirus emerged in 2019 and rapidly spread around the world, gaining significant public attention and attracting negative bias. The use of stigmatizing language for the purpose of blaming sparked a debate. Objective This study aims to identify social stigma and negative sentiment toward the blameworthy agents in social communities. Methods We enabled a tailored text-mining platform to identify data in their natural settings by retrieving and filtering online sources, and constructed vocabularies and learning word representations from natural language processing for deductive analysis along with the research theme. The data sources comprised of ten news websites, eleven discussion forums, one social network, and two principal media sharing networks in Taiwan. A synthesis of news and social networking analytics was present from December 30, 2019, to March 31, 2020. Results We collated over 1.07 million Chinese texts. Almost two-thirds of the texts on COVID-19 came from news services (n=683,887, 63.68%), followed by Facebook (n=297,823, 27.73%), discussion forums (n=62,119, 5.78%), and Instagram and YouTube (n=30,154, 2.81%). Our data showed that online news served as a hotbed for negativity and for driving emotional social posts. Online information regarding COVID-19 associated it with China—and a specific city within China through references to the “Wuhan pneumonia”—potentially encouraging xenophobia. The adoption of this problematic moniker had a high frequency, despite the World Health Organization guideline to avoid biased perceptions and ethnic discrimination. Social stigma is disclosed through negatively valenced responses, which are associated with the most blamed targets. Conclusions Our sample is sufficiently representative of a community because it contains a broad range of mainstream online media. Stigmatizing language linked to the COVID-19 pandemic shows a lack of civic responsibility that encourages bias, hostility, and discrimination. Frequently used stigmatizing terms were deemed offensive, and they might have contributed to recent backlashes against China by directing blame and encouraging xenophobia. The implications ranging from health risk communication to stigma mitigation and xenophobia concerns amid the COVID-19 outbreak are emphasized. Understanding the nomenclature and biased terms employed in relation to the COVID-19 outbreak is paramount. We propose solidarity with communication professionals in combating the COVID-19 outbreak and the infodemic. Finding solutions to curb the spread of virus bias, stigma, and discrimination is imperative.
- Published
- 2020
45. Love Across Borders : Passports, Papers, and Romance in a Divided World
- Author
-
Anna Lekas Miller and Anna Lekas Miller
- Subjects
- Passports--Political aspects, Statelessness, Xenophobia, Border security--Case studies, Love--Political aspects, International travel regulations
- Abstract
One of The Boston Globe's Best Books of 2023 •'Powerful and unforgettable'—Qian Julie Wang, author of the New York Times bestseller, Beautiful CountryWe are told that love conquers all, but what happens when you don't have the right passport? With deep empathy, rigorous reporting, and the irresistible perspective of a true romantic, journalist Anna Lekas Miller tells the stories of couples around the world who must confront Kafkaesque immigration systems to be together—as she did to be with her partner. Written with suspenseful storytelling worthy of the greatest love stories, Love Across Borders takes readers across contentious frontiers around the world, from Turkey to Iraq, Syria to Greece, Mexico to the United States, to reveal the widespread prejudicial laws intent on dividing people. Lekas Miller tells her own story of meeting and falling deeply in love with Salem Rizk, in Istanbul, where they were both reporting on the Syrian War. But when Turkey started cracking down on refugees, Salem, who is Syrian, wasn't allowed to stay in the country, nor could he safely return to Syria. He was a man without a country. So Lekas Miller had to decide her next move: she has an American passport, but deep personal ties to the Middle East, and knew it was unfair that Salem couldn't travel freely the way she could. More important, she loved him. Over the next few years, as they navigated Salem's asylum claims, the United States'Muslim ban, and labyrinthine regulations in several different countries, Lekas Miller learned about—and bonded with—other people whose spouses had been deported, who found love in refugee camps, whose differing immigration statuses caused complicated power dynamics and financial hardship or threatened the wellbeing of their children. Here, offering a uniquely diverse, international, and intimate look at the global immigration crisis, she interweaves these rich, complicated love stories with a fascinating look at the history of passports (a surprisingly recent institution), the legacy of colonialism, and the discriminatory laws shaping how people move through the world every day. Ultimately, she builds a powerful, moving case for a borderless society—one where a border patrol agent can't keep anyone's love story from its happy ending
- Published
- 2023
46. Opening commentary to the special issue "becoming 'bad researchers': putting affect theories to work as ethical processes of disruption".
- Author
-
Kuby, Candace R. and Bozalek, Vivienne
- Subjects
AFFECT (Psychology) ,QUALITATIVE research ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability ,XENOPHOBIA - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Interethnic tolerance of modern students.
- Author
-
Binbin, Shou, Olena, Babchuk, Natalia, Melenchuk, Svitlana, Kolot, and Hanna, Venher
- Subjects
XENOPHOBIA ,TOLERATION ,YOUNG adults ,PERSONALITY ,SOCIAL status ,PERSONALITY questionnaires ,SCIENTIFIC literature - Abstract
The paper considers the problem of interethnic tolerance in individuals. The theoretical analysis of the scientific literature shows that interethnic tolerance is an important indicator of the culture of international relations, has a deep axiological meaning, and is closely related to the value perceptions of the individual. The aggravation of interethnic issues in the youth student environment causes local conflicts, xenophobia, manifestations of nationalism, chauvinism, incitement to ethnic hatred, enmity, and intolerance between representatives of different nationalities. In this regard, the difficulty of developing interethnic tolerance when working with the younger generation is of particular importance, which makes it necessary to form a personal social position for young people and raise their level of interethnic culture. The purpose of our work is to study the individual psychological features of the manifestation of interethnic tolerance in a person. The psychodiagnostic complex consisted of the “Tolerance Index” and the “16 Personality Factor Questionnaire” by R. Cattell. The correlation analysis allowed us to confirm the existence of significant relationships between the indicators of interethnic tolerance and personality factors. The qualitative analysis and construction of profiles allowed us to provide psychological characteristics of individuals with different levels of the general indicator of interethnic tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Ismofobia: una reflexión sobre el odio en la actualidad. Desafíos en América Latina.
- Author
-
Alba Zapata-Jiménez, Myriam
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Guillermo de Ockham is the property of Revista Cientifica Guillermo de Ockham, Universidad de San Buenaventura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Revealing "Threats" and "Enhancers" to Social Cohesion between African Immigrants and South Africans.
- Author
-
Maseng, Jonathan Oshupeng
- Subjects
AFRICANS ,SOCIAL cohesion ,SOUTH Africans ,POLICE services ,PUBLIC officers - Abstract
In South Africa and elsewhere in the world, there is a dominant narrative that contact between immigrants and host nations induces conflict. However, most scholars often shy away from interrogating factors that stimulate peaceful coexistence between African immigrants (from various African states) and South African nationals. In this regard, there is a need to systematically analyse "threats" to and "enhancers" of social cohesion between immigrants and nationals, specifically in the context of South Africa. This paper relied on qualitative research methods and document analysis as techniques to source data. The main aim of this article is to provide revelations of "threats" to and "enhancers" of social cohesion between South African nationals and immigrants from other African states. The paper reveals the existence of various forms of xenophobia and harassment by public officials of the South African Police Service (SAPS) and Department of Home Affairs (DHA) as well as identity differences that serve as "threats" to social cohesion. In contrast, service provider-client and professional relations, sharing community and neighbourhood as well positive contact serve as "enhancers" of social cohesion between South Africans and immigrants of African descent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Japanese Internment Camps as a Threat to American Exceptionalism.
- Author
-
Ford, Ardyn
- Subjects
INTERNMENT of Japanese Americans, 1942-1945 ,AMERICAN exceptionalism ,UNITED States history - Abstract
Proponents of American exceptionalism suggest that the history and values of the United States set it apart from other nations as a unique example of liberty and prosperity (Tyrell, 1991). The settlement of the American West in the 19th Century has contributed to the development of this ideal (Massip, 2012). This paper explores the impact that the internment of Japanese Americans in the Western United States from 1942 to 1945 has on the exceptionalism narrative and, more broadly, how internment reflects on U.S. foreign policy. Through a micro-political analysis of art and literature created by internees at the Topaz Internment Camp in Delta, Utah, this paper argues that Japanese internment fundamentally contradicts the vision of the American West as an expression of freedom and progress. Furthermore, this paper finds that internment fits into a pattern of xenophobic behavior by the United States that persists today, highlighting the role that fear and race play in shaping U.S. policy decisions. If the U.S. wants to truly embody the values espoused by its constitution, it must confront its past and take action to ameliorate the injustices faced by the communities it has oppressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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