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In the relentless pursuit of developing high-performance, stable and environmentally friendly materials for X-ray detection, we present a new class of Bi-based hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites. An X-ray detector based on a new zero-dimensional (0D) triiodide-induced lead-free hybrid perovskite, (DPA)2BiI9 (DPA = C5H16N22+), has been developed demonstrating outstanding detection performance, including high X-ray sensitivity (20 570 μC Gyair−1 cm−2), low detectable dose rate (0.98 nGyair s−1), fast response time (154/162 ns) and excellent long-term stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with polychromatic colors has been widely studied due to its great applications in chiroptical, optoelectronics, and spintronics. However, the realization of white CPL in single‐component solid‐state materials remains a great challenge and suffers from the incompatibility between high efficient luminescence and large asymmetric discrimination. Here, by exploiting self‐trapped exciton mechanism and chirality induction strategy, a pair of 1D chiral perovskites, (RR/SS‐DMPZ)PbBr4 (where DMPZ = cis‐2,5‐dimethylpiperazine divalent cation), is reported to achieve white CPL with both high quantum yield of 28.4% and large photoluminescence asymmetry factor |glum| of 2.32 × 10−2. The crystal structures are featured by 1D double‐chain structure composed of distorted octahedra with short PbPb distances as the structural origin of the high photoluminescence yield. The high |glum| value is caused by efficient chiral induction due to the multiple hydrogen bonds between the chiral host composed of the enantiopure organic cations containing two stereocenters and the inorganic emitting guest. The self‐trapped exciton emission mechanism is demonstrated by density functional theory calculations and variable‐temperature photoluminescence and femtosecond‐transient absorption spectroscopy studies. The photo‐luminescent white light‐emitting diodes exhibit good stability and can be used as single‐component white light emitters. This work provides applicable strategies to explore single‐component white CPL emitters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite remarkable luminescent performance of 0D lead halide perovskites, achieving highly efficient blue light emission is extremely challenging and crucial for this domain. Considering the high toxicity of Pb2+ ion, it is significant to explore water‐stable lead‐free 0D halides as highly efficient and stable blue emitting materials. To address these issues, a family of 0D hybrid zinc halides of AZnBr4 (A = EP, BP, and TMPDA) based on discrete [ZnBr4]2− tetrahedrons is herein reported as desirable blue light emitters. The wide band gaps enable these 0D halides to display highly efficient blue light emissions (452–485 nm) with highest photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 35.47%. More importantly, all these 0D halides present extraordinary chemical stabilities in humid air and water for one month, and are also capable of withstanding extreme pH conditions in the range of 0–14, likely the widest observed pH range for perovskites. Notably, the ultrahigh chemical stabilities of 0D zinc halides are nearly unmatchable among all known literature perovskite materials to the best of the authors' knowledge. Combined superiorities of unusual blue light emission, promising PLQY, ultrahigh stability, and non‐toxicity highlight the potential optoelectronic applications in wide chemical environments for these 0D zinc halides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A convenient and rapid detection method for methanol in ethanol remains a major challenge due to their indistinguishable physical properties. Herein, a novel fluorescence probe based on perovskite was successfully designed to overcome this bottleneck. We report a new zero‐dimensional (0D) hybrid perovskite of [MP]2InxSb1−xCl7 ⋅ 6 H2O (MP=2‐methylpiperazine) displaying an unusual green light emission with near‐unity photoluminescence quantum yield. Remarkably, this 0D perovskite exhibits reversible methanol‐response luminescence switching between green and yellow color but fail in any other organic vapors. Even for blended alcohol solutions, the luminescent probe exhibits excellent sensing performance with multiple superiorities of rapid response time (30 s) and ultra‐low detection limit (40 ppm), etc. Therefore, this 0D perovskite can be utilized as a perfect fluorescence probe to detect traces of methanol from ethanol with ultrahigh sensitivity, selectivity and repeatability. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the first perovskite as fluorescence probe for methanol with wide potential in environmental monitoring and methanol detection, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites (HOIPs) possess significant photoelectric characteristics for solar energy conversion, but the presence of lead causes issues for eco-friendly applications. Halide double perovskites represent a green option for application in the optoelectronic field, especially X-ray detection systems. Despite the great efforts, the exploration of large-size lead-free iodide-based hybrid double perovskite single crystals for X-ray detection has been unsuccessful. Herein, we demonstrate that a large single crystal of the 2D (two-dimensional) semiconducting perovskite (C6H16N2)2CuBiI8·0.5H2O can serve as an X-ray detection candidate. A perovskite crystal, as large as 35 × 31 × 3 mm3, was grown using a low-cost, simple cooling solution approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a centimeter-sized 2D BiCu iodide double perovskite single crystal has been used for X-ray detection. The perovskite crystal exhibited unique properties for X-ray detection, such as a significant X-ray absorption coefficient, considerable μτ product, and low trap density. Moreover, X-ray detection with a sensitivity of 5.51 μC Gyair−1 cm−2 was achieved based on a single crystal. This work opens new ways to explore specially designed organic cations for stabilizing 2D HOIPs that show great potential in optoelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

X-ray detection plays an extremely significant function in medical diagnosis, nondestructive testing, safety testing, scientific research, environmental monitoring and other practical applications. However, conventional inorganic semiconductors, such as amorphous selenium, crystalline Si and pure Ge present almost uncontrollable bandgaps and require quite sophisticated fabrication techniques despite their outstanding performance. As developing materials for direct conversion X-ray detection, halide perovskite semiconductors exhibit remarkable properties with high sensitivity. In this review, we summarize the optoelectronic performance of different dimensional perovskites in X-ray detection and their application in X-ray imaging for perovskite-based X-ray detectors including single crystals, films and wafers. This review aims to preliminarily highlight the relationship between structural dimensionality and X-ray detection properties, which should provide valuable suggestions for researchers to rationally design high-performance halide perovskite X-ray photodetectors through crystal engineering at the molecular level in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mn2+ doped colloidal three‐dimensional (3D) lead halide perovskite nanocrystal (PNC) has attracted intensive research attention; however, the low exciton binding energy and fatal optical instability of 3D PNC seriously hinder the optoelectronic application. Therefore, it remains significant to explore new stable host perovskite with strongly bound exciton to realize more desirable luminescent property. In this work, we utilized bulk one‐dimensional (1D) hybrid perovskite of [AEP]PbBr5 ⋅ H2O (AEP=N‐aminoethylpiperazine) as structural platform to rationally optimize the luminescent property by a controllable Mn2+ doping strategy. Significantly, the series of Mn2+‐doped 1D [AEP]PbBr5 ⋅ H2O show enhanced energy transfer efficiency from the strongly bound excitons of host material to 3d electrons of Mn2+ ions, resulting in tunable broadband light emissions from weak yellow to strong red spectral range with highest photoluminescence quantum yield up to 28.41 %. More importantly, these Mn2+‐doped 1D perovskites display ultrahigh structural and optical stabilities in humid atmosphere, water and high temperature exceeding the conventional 3D PNC. Combined highly efficient, tunable and stable broadband light emissions enable Mn2+‐doped 1D perovskite as excellent down‐converting phosphor showcasing the potential application in white light emitting diode. This work not only provides a profound understanding of low‐dimensional perovskites but also opens a new way to rationally design high‐performance broadband light emitting perovskites for solid‐state lighting and displaying devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It remains significant to explore new types of hybrid lead halides to realize the diversifications of structural and luminescence properties due to the excellent optoelectronic performances of perovskites. Herein, by choosing various organic molecules as cationic templates, we constructed a series of new one-dimensional (1D) lead halide perovskites, namely, [DMEDA]Pb2Br6·H2O (1), [ATMPD]Pb2Br6·H2O (2) and [TMPrDA]2Pb3X10 (3: X = Br; 4: X = Cl). The crystal structures of compounds 1–4 contain 1D [Pb2Br6]2− and [Pb3X10]4− chains based on [Pb4X16] tetramer clusters as basic building units, respectively. Remarkably, compound 2 displays broadband yellow light emissions spanning the entire visible spectral range and centered at 534 nm, which can be ascribed to self-trapped excitons based on systematic characterization including time-resolved PL emission and theoretical studies. This work provides a series of new low-dimensional hybrid lead halides as prototypes to enrich the halide chemistry including crystal engineering and optoelectronic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the instability and low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of blue‐emitting perovskites, it is still challenging and attractive to construct single crystalline hybrid lead halides with highly stable and efficient blue light emission. Herein, by rationally introducing d10 transition metal into single lead halide as new structural building unit and optical emitting center, we prepared a bimetallic halide of [(NH4)2]CuPbBr5 with new type of three‐dimensional (3D) anionic framework. [(NH4)2]CuPbBr5 exhibits strong band‐edge blue emission (441 nm) with a high PLQY of 32 % upon excitation with UV light. Detailed photophysical studies indicate [(NH4)2]CuPbBr5 also displays broadband red light emissions derived from self‐trapped states. Furthermore, the 3D framework features high structural and optical stabilities at extreme environments during at least three years. To our best knowledge, this work represents the first 3D non‐perovskite bimetallic halide with highly efficient and stable blue light emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-dimensional hybrid antimony halide perovskites have fascinated the extensive research for their excellent photoluminescence behaviors. However, reasonable optimization of luminescence performance through molecule-level structural regulation remains a formidable challenge. The solution evaporation method with the reaction of organic amines and acid solutions of metal salts is a well-established method for the synthetic of low-dimensional hybrid antimony halide. In this work, by selecting organic cations with different sizes as template molecules, we have successfully synthesized three hybrid antimony halides of 0D [HDBA] 2 SbCl 5 (1), 0D [H 2 ATMP] 2 SbCl 7 (2) and 1D [H 3 PMDETA]Sb 2 Cl 9 (3) (DBA ​= ​dibutylamine, ATMP ​= ​4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, PMDETA = N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine). by the solution evaporation method at room temperature for 2–5 days. These hybrid antimony halides exhibit broadband yellow-light with the highest photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 8.38%. According to detailed spectroscopy characterizations and theoretical calculations, the broadband light emissions should originate from self-trapped excitons (STEs). These antimony halides could be fabricated as white LEDs with highest color rendering index (>90%). The intrinsic broad-band light emissions and facile assembly process enable these hybrid antimony halides as promising candidates for yellow-light emitting materials. Structural design of hybrid antimony halide : Three antimony chlorides with different structures were prepared by facile solution method. These antimony chlorides have 0D pyramidal [SbCl 5 ]2- and 1D [Sb 2 Cl 9 ]3- chains, and display the broadband yellow-light emissions. [Display omitted] • Lead-free hybrid antimony halides with 0D pyramidal [SbCl 5 ]2- and 1D [Sb 2 Cl 9 ]3- chains. • Broadband yellow-light emissions originate from self-trapped excitons. • These hybrid antimony halides can be fabricated as white LEDs with high CRI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New 2D perovskites contain special 2D layers formed by the mix of corner- and edge- shared with [PbX 6 ] octahedrons, and display the broadband yellow-light emissions covering the whole visible region. [Display omitted] • New 2D perovskites composed of mixed corner- and edge-shared octahedron. • Broadband emission covering the whole entire visible light. • These 2D perovskites can be fabricated as white LEDs with high CRI. Herein, we reported two new 2D perovskites of [DAPMA] 2 Pb 3 X 12 ·2H 2 O (X = Cl (1), Br (2), DAPMA = N,N-Bis(3-aminopropyl)methylamine) containing special 2D [Pb 3 X 12 ]6− layers formed by mixed corner- and edge-shared [PbX 6 ] octahedrons. Both compounds 1 and 2 exhibit broadband yellow light emissions with promising photoluminescence quantum yields of 4.84% and 3.02%, respectively. According to detailed spectroscopy characterizations, the broadband light emissions should originate from self-trapped excitons (STEs). In addition, these 2D perovskites can be fabricated as white LEDs with highest color rendering index of 96.3%. This work provides a new type of structural model to probe into the relationship between luminescence behavior and structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One new bulk lead-free 0D antimony halide of [DPA] 3 SbCl 6 was designed as greenish-yellow light emitter with near-unity PLQY. Thorugh elaborate fabrication toward [DPA] 3 SbCl 6 , multiple reversible photoluminescence on/off switch was achieved with important potential in anti-counterfeiting and confidential information encryption-decryption technologies, which opens a new way to design perovskite materials for new optoelectronic applications. [Display omitted] • New 0D antimony halide as efficient green emitter with remarkable near-unity PLQY. • Applied as luminescent ink against high-resolution anti-counterfeiting application. • Fast information encryption decryption achieved through solid/liquid dual mode. • Multiple reversible PL on/off switches enhancement information encryption decryption. Storage and protection of confidential information is an increasing challenge for global digital economy, which stimulates the never-ending pursuit of high-security technology to prevent information forgery and leakage. Herein, we develop a novel approach to realize controllable information encryption-decryption based on reversible photoluminescence (PL) on/off switch in 0D hybrid antimony halide. A new 0D [DPA] 3 SbCl 6 (DPA = dipropylamine) was designed as broadband green light emitter with near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield. Benefiting from invisible and non-luminescent superiorities of SbCl 3 , information encrypted by SbCl 3 pattern can′t be directly decoded upon common light excitations. Under the trigger of [DPA]Cl salt, superfast transition from SbCl 3 to [DPA] 3 SbCl 6 gives rise to highly efficient emission and thus effective information decoding. Subsequently, through methanol impregnation and desolvation strategy, luminescence of [DPA] 3 SbCl 6 can be easily quenched and recovered resulting in reversible PL on/off switching. The multiple and controllable PL emission conversion provides a dual-mode confidential information encryption-decryption technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Three new one-dimensional (1D) face-shared octahedral perovskites were synthesized by using different types of organic cations. • These 1D perovskites exhibit tunable broadband luminescence from orange to blue light emissions. • Systematical characterizations unveil that these broadband emissions are derived from the radiative recombination of self-trapped excitons due to strong electron–phonon coupling. Three new one-dimensional (1D) face-shared octahedral perovskites with unified APbBr 3 composition, namely, [DTHPE]Pb 2 Br 6 (1), [TMPDA]PbBr 3 (2) and [MPD]PbBr 3 (3) have been synthesized by using different types of organic cations. These 1D perovskites exhibit tunable broadband luminescence from orange to blue light emissions. Experimental and computational studies unveil that these broadband emissions are derived from the radiative recombination of self-trapped excitons due to strong electron–phonon coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]