34 results
Search Results
2. Reduction of noise from paper machine suction rolls and rewinders.
- Author
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DAHL CB
- Subjects
- Biomedical Research, Household Articles, Noise prevention & control, Occupational Health, Paper, Suction
- Published
- 1958
3. Medical and legal aspects of noise in industry; a discussion of papers presented.
- Author
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HOOPLE GD
- Subjects
- Industry, Noise, Paper
- Published
- 1952
4. Noise exposures in pulp and paper production.
- Author
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Ook WA and Giever PM
- Subjects
- Environmental Exposure, Occupational Medicine, Noise, Paper
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. [Noise control measures in the paper industry].
- Author
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SHABALIN AE
- Subjects
- Humans, Biomedical Research, Industry, Noise prevention & control, Paper
- Published
- 1958
6. [Characteristics of noise in mechanical wood processing shops at cellulose-paper plants].
- Author
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Marinenko NV
- Subjects
- Environmental Exposure, Humans, Maximum Allowable Concentration, USSR, Cellulose, Noise, Occupational Medicine, Paper
- Published
- 1971
7. Adaptive compounding speckle-noise-reduction filter for optical coherence tomography images
- Author
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Juan J. Gómez-Valverde, Zhe Chen, Maria J. Ledesma-Carbayo, Christoph Sinz, Andres Santos, Wolfgang Drexler, and Elisabet Rank
- Subjects
Paper ,genetic structures ,Computer science ,Image quality ,Noise reduction ,Biomedical Engineering ,Image processing ,Signal-To-Noise Ratio ,wavelets ,01 natural sciences ,Retina ,010309 optics ,Biomaterials ,Speckle pattern ,Wavelet ,Optical coherence tomography ,0103 physical sciences ,denoising ,medicine ,Computer vision ,General ,optical coherence tomography ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Speckle noise ,eye diseases ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,image processing ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Noise ,Artificial intelligence ,speckle ,business ,Algorithms ,Tomography, Optical Coherence - Abstract
Significance: Speckle noise limits the diagnostic capabilities of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, causing both a reduction in contrast and a less accurate assessment of the microstructural morphology of the tissue. Aim: We present a speckle-noise reduction method for OCT volumes that exploits the advantages of adaptive-noise wavelet thresholding with a wavelet compounding method applied to several frames acquired from consecutive positions. The method takes advantage of the wavelet representation of the speckle statistics, calculated properly from a homogeneous sample or a region of the noisy volume. Approach: The proposed method was first compared quantitatively with different state-of-the-art approaches by being applied to three different clinical dermatological OCT volumes with three different OCT settings. The method was also applied to a public retinal spectral-domain OCT dataset to demonstrate its applicability to different imaging modalities. Results: The results based on four different metrics demonstrate that the proposed method achieved the best performance among the tested techniques in suppressing noise and preserving structural information. Conclusions: The proposed OCT denoising technique has the potential to adapt to different image OCT settings and noise environments and to improve image quality prior to clinical diagnosis based on visual assessment.
- Published
- 2021
8. Analysis methods for measuring passive auditory fNIRS responses generated by a block-design paradigm
- Author
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Maureen J. Shader, Lindsey Van Yper, Hamish Innes-Brown, Eric D. Larson, Paul F. Sowman, David McAlpine, Robert Luke, and Adrian K. C. Lee
- Subjects
Paper ,block-design paradigm ,Computer science ,speech ,Speech recognition ,Neuroscience (miscellaneous) ,auditory responses ,01 natural sciences ,Lateralization of brain function ,Data modeling ,Block design ,010309 optics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,0103 physical sciences ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,passive task ,Analysis method ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Statistical model ,analysis methods ,Research Papers ,Range (mathematics) ,Noise ,Brain Hemisphere ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Significance: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an increasingly popular tool in auditory research, but the range of analysis procedures employed across studies may complicate the interpretation of data. Aim: We aim to assess the impact of different analysis procedures on the morphology, detection, and lateralization of auditory responses in fNIRS. Specifically, we determine whether averaging or generalized linear model (GLM)-based analysis generates different experimental conclusions when applied to a block-protocol design. The impact of parameter selection of GLMs on detecting auditory-evoked responses was also quantified. Approach: 17 listeners were exposed to three commonly employed auditory stimuli: noise, speech, and silence. A block design, comprising sounds of 5 s duration and 10 to 20 s silent intervals, was employed. Results: Both analysis procedures generated similar response morphologies and amplitude estimates, and both indicated that responses to speech were significantly greater than to noise or silence. Neither approach indicated a significant effect of brain hemisphere on responses to speech. Methods to correct for systemic hemodynamic responses using short channels improved detection at the individual level. Conclusions: Consistent with theoretical considerations, simulations, and other experimental domains, GLM and averaging analyses generate the same group-level experimental conclusions. We release this dataset publicly for use in future development and optimization of algorithms.
- Published
- 2021
9. Cardiovascular mortality in a Swedish cohort of female industrial workers exposed to noise and shift work
- Author
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Richard L. Neitzel, Mia Söderberg, Eva Andersson, Kjell Torén, and Helena Eriksson
- Subjects
Paper ,Shift work ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Noise exposure ,Occupational Exposure ,Manufacturing Industry ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Myocardial infarction ,Cerebrovascular disease ,Night work ,Cardiovascular mortality ,Aged ,Sweden ,business.industry ,Paper mills ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Shift Work Schedule ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,JEM ,Total mortality ,Noise ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Cohort ,Noise, Occupational ,Female ,Original Article ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Purpose The aim was to study mortality due to cardiovascular disease as well as total mortality, among female industrial workers, and the association to occupational noise and shift work. Methods Women from cohorts of soft tissue paper mills (N = 3013) and pulp and paper mills (N = 1483) were merged into one cohort. Job exposure matrices were developed and used for classification of shift work and noise exposure. Every year was classified as shift work excluding nights or shift work including nights. Noise was classified into seven 5 dB(A) bins from Results Fatal myocardial infarctions (N = 144) were increased in the total cohort, SMR 1.20 (95% CI 1.01–1.41) but not total mortality. The SMR for myocardial infarction for women exposed to noise ≥ 90 dB(A) for > 10 years was 1.41 (95% CI 1.02–1.89) and for those exposed to night shifts > 10 years, 1.33 (95% CI 0.91–1.89). Shift workers without nights ≤ 65 years, with noise exposure ≥ 90 dB(A), had SMR 2.41 (95% CI 1.20–4.31) from myocardial infarction. There was no increased mortality from cerebrovascular disease. Conclusions Female paper mill workers had an increased mortality from acute myocardial infarction, especially before retirement age, when exposed to noise ≥ 90 dB(A) and with long-time employment. Exposure to shift work and noise usually occurred concurrently.
- Published
- 2019
10. Achieving robustness to aleatoric uncertainty with heteroscedastic Bayesian optimisation
- Author
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Alexander A. Aldrick, Vidhi Lalchand, Miguel Garcia-Ortegon, Alpha A. Lee, Ryan-Rhys Griffiths, Griffiths, Ryan-Rhys [0000-0003-3117-4559], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Griffiths, RR [0000-0003-3117-4559]
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Paper ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Mathematical optimization ,Heteroscedasticity ,Computer science ,Heuristic ,Bayesian probability ,Gaussian processes ,Machine Learning (stat.ML) ,Bayesian optimisation ,Machine Learning (cs.LG) ,heteroscedasticity ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Noise ,symbols.namesake ,Surrogate model ,Statistics - Machine Learning ,Artificial Intelligence ,Robustness (computer science) ,symbols ,Aleatoric music ,Gaussian process ,Software - Abstract
Bayesian optimisation is a sample-efficient search methodology that holds great promise for accelerating drug and materials discovery programs. A frequently-overlooked modelling consideration in Bayesian optimisation strategies however, is the representation of heteroscedastic aleatoric uncertainty. In many practical applications it is desirable to identify inputs with low aleatoric noise, an example of which might be a material composition which consistently displays robust properties in response to a noisy fabrication process. In this paper, we propose a heteroscedastic Bayesian optimisation scheme capable of representing and minimising aleatoric noise across the input space. Our scheme employs a heteroscedastic Gaussian process (GP) surrogate model in conjunction with two straightforward adaptations of existing acquisition functions. First, we extend the augmented expected improvement (AEI) heuristic to the heteroscedastic setting and second, we introduce the aleatoric noise-penalised expected improvement (ANPEI) heuristic. Both methodologies are capable of penalising aleatoric noise in the suggestions and yield improved performance relative to homoscedastic Bayesian optimisation and random sampling on toy problems as well as on two real-world scientific datasets. Code is available at: \url{https://github.com/Ryan-Rhys/Heteroscedastic-BO}, Published in Machine Learning: Science and Technology 2021 (https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2632-2153/ac298c) Earlier version accepted to the 2019 NeurIPS Workshop on Safety and Robustness in Decision Making
- Published
- 2021
11. A Hands-Free Unit with Noise Reduction by Using Adaptive Beamformer.
- Author
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Kobayashi, Kazunori, Haneda, Yoichi, Furuya, Ken'ichi, and Kataoka, Akitoshi
- Subjects
- *
NOISE , *PAPER , *NUMERICAL analysis , *COMPUTER simulation , *SIMULATION methods & models , *ELECTROMECHANICAL analogies , *COMPUTERS , *MATHEMATICAL models , *SOUND - Abstract
This paper presents an implementation of an ~daptive beamformer in a hands-free unit. The proposec~ ~daptive beamformer suppresses stationary noise an~ nterference sound. The adaptive beamformer and acoustic `cho canceller were implemented in a compact hands-free mit with a low-cost DSP. Experimental results demonstrate he noise reduction performance of the hands-free unit'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. A variational EM approach to predictive uncertainty
- Author
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Harva, Markus
- Subjects
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HUMAN error , *REGRESSION analysis , *PAPER , *NOISE - Abstract
Abstract: In many applications of regression, the conditional average of the target variable is not sufficient for prediction. The dependencies between the explanatory variables and the target variable can be complex calling for modelling of the full conditional probability density. The ubiquitous problem with such methods is overfitting since due to the flexibility of the model the likelihood of any datapoint can be made arbitrarily large. In this paper a method for predicting uncertainty by modelling the conditional density is presented based on conditioning the scale parameter of the noise process on the explanatory variables. The model is constructed in such a manner that the unpredictability of the scale of the target distribution translates into a more robust predictive distribution. The overfitting problems are solved by learning the model using variational EM. The method is experimentally demonstrated with synthetic data as well as with real-world environmental data. The viability of the approach was put to test in the ‘Predictive uncertainty in environmental modelling’ competition held at WCCI’06. The proposed method won the competition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Nonlinear dynamic filtering of logarithmically amplified fringe signals in optical coherence tomography applied to paper measurements.
- Author
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Alarousu, E., Bilyk, V., Gurov, I., Hast, J., Krehut, L., Myllylä, R., and Zakharov, A.
- Subjects
- *
KALMAN filtering , *PAPER , *OPTICAL coherence tomography , *LOGARITHMS , *NOISE , *SIGNAL processing - Abstract
Application of the nonlinear Kalman filtering method to logarithmically amplified low-coherence fringe signals measured from paper samples is considered. Experimental results of dynamic fringe envelope recovery in optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems are presented. The analog fringe envelope and digital dynamic fringe envelope recoveries from noisy signals are compared. The results show that the nonlinear discrete Kalman filtering method can be applied to estimate envelopes of logarithmically transformed low-coherence fringe signals with high noise immunity. Logarithmic amplification reduces quantization error in dealing with small signal values. The experimental results obtained demonstrate the possibility of purely digital signal processing in OCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Fast detection and impulsive noise removal in color images
- Author
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Smolka, Bogdan and Chydzinski, Andrzej
- Subjects
- *
PAPER , *NOISE , *CONSONANCE (Music theory) , *DISSONANCE (Music theory) - Abstract
Abstract: In this paper, a novel approach to the impulsive noise removal in color images is presented. The proposed technique employs the switching scheme based on the impulse detection mechanism using the so-called peer group concept. Compared to the vector median filter and other commonly used multichannel filters, the proposed technique consistently yields very good results in suppressing both the random and fixed-valued impulsive noise. The main advantage of the proposed noise detection framework is its enormous computational speed, which enables efficient filtering of color images in real-time applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Bias minimizing filter design for gradient-based image registration
- Author
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Robinson, Dirk and Milanfar, Peyman
- Subjects
- *
METHODOLOGY , *NOISE , *PAPER , *ETHNOMETHODOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: Gradient-based image registration techniques represent a very popular class of approaches to registering pairs or sets of images. As the name suggests, these methods rely on image gradients to perform the task of registration. Very often, little attention is paid to the filters used to estimate image gradients. In this paper, we explore the relationship between such gradient filters and their effect on overall estimation performance in registering translated images. We propose a methodology for designing filters based on image content that minimize the estimator bias inherent to gradient-based image registration. We show that minimizing such bias improves the overall estimator performance in terms of mean square error (MSE) for high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenarios. Finally, we propose a technique for designing such optimal gradient filters in the context of iterative multiscale image registration and verify their further improved performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Analysis of long crack lines in paper webs.
- Author
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Salminen, L. I., Alava, M. J., and Niskanen, K. J.
- Subjects
- *
FRACTURE mechanics , *PAPER , *SURFACE roughness , *CORROSION & anti-corrosives , *MATERIAL fatigue - Abstract
: We analyze 6500 mm long fracture lines of paper as an example of crack propagation involving disorder. The cracks are asymptotically self-affine, with a roughness exponent close to 0.6. Systematic deviations from the power-law-scaling exist below a lengthscale related to the microscopic heterogeneities and possibly to a cross-over from 3d to 2d crack propagation. Several analysis methods are discussed, including first return analysis and the detection of correlated trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Space-directional approach to improve blood vessel visualization and temporal resolution in laser speckle contrast imaging
- Author
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Julio C. Ramirez-San-Juan, C. Elizabeth Peréz Corona, and Hayde Peregrina-Barreto
- Subjects
Paper ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,laser speckle contrast imaging ,Biomedical Engineering ,digital processing images ,Image processing ,01 natural sciences ,010309 optics ,Biomaterials ,blood vessels ,Speckle pattern ,0103 physical sciences ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ,Contrast (vision) ,Humans ,Computer vision ,Image resolution ,media_common ,Skin ,business.industry ,Phantoms, Imaging ,Special Section on Biomedical Imaging and Sensing ,Blood flow ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Visualization ,Noise ,Regional Blood Flow ,Temporal resolution ,Artificial intelligence ,speckle ,business ,Algorithms ,Blood Flow Velocity - Abstract
Blood flow is a parameter used to diagnose vascular diseases based on flow speed, blood pressure, and vessel size. Different techniques have been developed to estimate the relative blood flow speed and to improve the visualization of deep blood vessels; one such technique is laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). LSCI images contain a high level of noise mainly when deep blood vessels are imaged. To improve their visualization, several approaches for contrast computation have been developed. However, there is a compromise between noise attenuation and temporal resolution. On the one hand, spatial approaches have low spatial resolution, high temporal resolution, and significant noise attenuation, while temporal approaches have the opposite. A recent approach combines a temporal base with a directional process that allows improving the visualization of blood vessels. Nevertheless, it still contains a high level of noise and requires a high number of raw frames for its base. We propose, a space-directional approach focused on improving noise attenuation and temporal resolution for contrast computation. The results of reference approaches and the proposed one are compared quantitatively. Moreover, it is shown that the visualization of blood vessels in LSCI images can be improved by a general morphological process when the noise level is reduced.
- Published
- 2019
18. System and method of reducing motion-induced noise in the optical detection of an ultrasound signal in a moving body of material
- Author
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Gerhardstein, Joseph [Decatur, GA]
- Published
- 2002
19. Comparison of Multiple Measures of Noise Exposure in Paper Mills
- Author
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Marianne Andersson, Richard L. Neitzel, and Eva Andersson
- Subjects
Paper ,Sweden ,Validity coefficient ,Job-exposure matrix ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Article ,Occupational safety and health ,Background noise ,03 medical and health sciences ,Noise ,0302 clinical medicine ,Noise exposure ,Occupational Exposure ,Manufacturing Industry ,Statistics ,Noise, Occupational ,Forensic engineering ,Humans ,Environmental science ,Dosimetry ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Environmental Monitoring ,Exposure assessment - Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise exposures are associated with a host of adverse health effects, yet these exposures remain inadequately characterized in many industrial operations, including paper mills. We assessed noise at four paper mills using three measures: (i) personal noise dosimetry, (ii) area noise measurements, and (iii) questionnaire items addressing several different aspects of perceived noise exposure. METHODS We assessed exposures to noise characterized using the three measures and compared the relationships between them. We also estimated the validity of each of the three measures using a novel application of the Method of Triads, which does not appear to have been used previously in the occupational health literature. RESULTS We collected 209 valid dosimetry measurements and collected perceived noise exposure survey items from 170 workers, along with 100 area measurements. We identified exposures in excess of 85 dBA at all mills. The dosimetry and area noise measurements assigned to individual subjects generally showed good agreement, but for some operations within mill, large differences between the two measures were observed, and a substantial fraction of paired measures differed by >5 dB. Perceived noise exposures varied greatly between the mills, particularly for an item related to difficulty speaking in noise. One perceived noise exposure item related to difficulty hearing due to noise showed strong and significant correlations with both dosimetry and area measurements. The Method of Triads analysis showed that dosimetry measures had the highest estimated validity coefficient (0.70), and that the best performing perceived exposure measure had validity that exceeded that of area measurements (0.48 versus 0.40, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Workers in Swedish pulp mills have the potential for exposures to high levels of noise. Our results suggest that, while dosimetry remains the preferred approach to exposure assessment, perceived noise exposures can be used to evaluate potential exposures to noise in epidemiological studies.
- Published
- 2016
20. Run and Random--Walk for Binary Frequency Determination of Continuous Sinusoid.
- Author
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Inomoto, Kenji, Noro, Yuichi, and Hattori, Shozo
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PAPER , *SIGNAL detection , *NOISE , *SIMULATION methods & models , *EVALUATION - Abstract
This paper considers the determination of the frequency of a sinusoidal signal from its sampled values. A method is described by which the effect of the noise is reduced and the frequency is determined accurately. The method forms the sample set composed of four samples from the signal with unknown frequency, and the binary representation of the estimation is determined successively by varying the sampling frequency. However, the noise in the signal may produce an error. One means to eliminate the effect of the noise is to determine one bit of the binary number based on several sample sets. This paper proposes the following method to reduce the estimation error for the frequency due to the noise. The binary number is partitioned into the upper and lower bits. The upper bits are determined by the property of the rum, and the lower bits are determined by the property of the ramdom-walk. In either case, each bit is determined by several sample sets. By the evaluation based on the bit error rate, the accuracy is improved by combining the forementiomed methods, compared with the majority decision. A comprehensive evaluation was also made by simulation, indicating that the r.m.s. error can be reduced to 2 percent for the signal-to-noise ratio of 20 dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1989
21. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: I. Survey description and preliminary data release⋆
- Author
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Shimwell, T W, Röttgering, H J A, Best, P N, Williams, W L, Dijkema, T J, de Gasperin, F, Hardcastle, M J, Heald, G H, Hoang, D N, Horneffer, A, Intema, H, Mahony, E K, Mandal, S, Mechev, A P, Morabito, L, Oonk, J B R, Rafferty, D, Retana-Montenegro, E, Sabater, J, Tasse, C, van Weeren, R J, BrYggen, M, Brunetti, G, Chyży, K T, Conway, J E, Haverkorn, M, Jackson, N, Jarvis, M J, McKean, J P, Miley, G K, Morganti, R, White, G J, Department of Astronomy, and Faculty of Science
- Subjects
Will ,source ,Strategy ,Farm produce ,Area ,radio continuum: general ,techniques: image processing ,RADIO RECOMBINATION LINES ,Imaging ,quartier ,surveys ,evolution ,emission ,survey ,prospection ,table ,time ,stratégie ,région ,region ,Galaxies--Clusters ,paper ,square ,nucleus ,Structure ,Sources ,Degrees ,1ST SURVEY ,GALA ,calibration ,Galaxies ,Description and travel ,field ,Spring ,testament ,Holes ,Impact ,Black ,noir ,valeur ,line ,catalogue ,Sky ,Noise ,FOLLOW-UP ,catalogs ,Value - Abstract
598
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Dreams of the minuscule : Microfilm, scarcity and abundance, 1900–1970
- Author
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Lindström, Matts
- Subjects
Watson Davis ,noise ,History ,old and new media ,Carl Björkbom ,paper ,logistical media ,information overflow ,Hilda Lindstedt ,Robert Binkley ,Rekolid AB ,information history ,Historia ,microfilm ,history of media ,logistics of knowledge ,paperwork ,Paul Otlet ,Erik Wästberg ,Michel Serres ,microphotography ,entropy ,Mormon microfilming in Sweden - Abstract
This thesis explores the cultural history of microfilm and microphotography during the period 1900–1970, thus contributing to the broader field of research on the history of 20th century information management in the era before digital technology. The aim is to study how microfilm repeatedly, in various contexts and over time, was described and perceived as a new medium. To this end the book examines and analyses the plans, dreams and visionary prognostics put forth by various historical actors with an interest in microfilm – using case studies situated at different junctures and periods (1904–1910, 1937, 1940–1952, 1950–1970), while also ranging geographically from the United States to Europe and Sweden. From a theoretical and methodological point of view the thesis seeks to understand the historical formation of microfilm by developing the notions of configuration and reconfiguration, employing a perspective which emphasizes the continuous ontological interplay and interdependence of materiality and discourse in the formation of media. Thus, at the empirical level, the analysis takes into account realized technological materialities as well as unrealized imaginary articulations, dreams and expectations integral to the configuration of microfilm within a broader culture of paperwork. As a result of this approach the study draws on scientific texts and articles in journals, as well as newspaper reports, commercial messages, ads, handbooks and various archival documents. The analysis reveals a close relationship between microfilm and experiences of entropy connected to information systems based on paper and paperwork. It is argued that, within the dreams and plans that are studied, the most important function of microfilm was to regulate noise, decay and disorder associated with the materiality of paper – through ordering, operating on and modifying the capacities of paper media. It is also noted that microfilm was perceived and articulated as a new medium over a long period of time, even though very little changed at the technological level. From a historiographical point of view, it is thus argued, microfilm can be characterized as a simultaneously continuous and discontinuous phenomenon, taking part in a history that unfolded through repetitions, returns and non-linear steps rather than along an uninterrupted, linear path.
- Published
- 2017
23. Interactive procedural simulation of paper tearing with sound
- Author
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Pierre-Luc Manteaux, Marie-Paule Cani, Thibault Lejemble, Camille Schreck, Thibault Blanc-Beyne, Amélie Fondevilla, Paul G. Kry, Nicolas Durin, École nationale supérieure d'informatique et de mathématiques appliquées (ENSIMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Intuitive Modeling and Animation for Interactive Graphics & Narrative Environments (IMAGINE), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], European Project: 291184,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-ADG_20110209,EXPRESSIVE(2012), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), and Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Computer science ,Acoustics ,real-time ,02 engineering and technology ,Thumb ,Deformation (meteorology) ,01 natural sciences ,Motion (physics) ,sound ,Position (vector) ,ACM: I.: Computing Methodologies/I.3: COMPUTER GRAPHICS/I.3.7: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism ,0103 physical sciences ,Tearing ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,medicine ,010306 general physics ,tearing ,Simulation ,Orientation (computer vision) ,paper ,020207 software engineering ,[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation ,eye diseases ,[INFO.INFO-GR]Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR] ,Noise ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,sense organs - Abstract
International audience; We present a phenomenological model for the real-time simulation of paper tearing and sound. The model uses as input rotations of the hand along with the index and thumb of left and right hands to drive the position and orientation of two regions of a sheet of paper. The motion of the hands produces a cone shaped deformation of the paper and guides the formation and growth of the tear. We create a model for the direction of the tear based on empirical observation, and add detail to the tear with a directed noise model. Furthermore, we present a procedural sound synthesis method to produce tearing sounds during interaction. We show a variety of paper tearing examples and discuss applications and limitations.
- Published
- 2015
24. The Hygienic Efficacy of Different Hand-Drying Methods: A Review of the Evidence
- Author
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Susan Stack, Cunrui Huang, and Wenjun Ma
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Cross infection ,Paper ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hot Temperature ,Web of science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Review ,Environment ,Hygiene ,Environmental health ,Medicine ,Humans ,Hand disinfection ,media_common ,Cross Infection ,business.industry ,Air ,General Medicine ,Consumer Behavior ,Hand ,Surgery ,Consumer satisfaction ,Search terms ,Dryness ,Dermatitis, Irritant ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Noise ,Air dryer ,Hand Disinfection - Abstract
The transmission of bacteria is more likely to occur from wet skin than from dry skin; therefore, the proper drying of hands after washing should be an integral part of the hand hygiene process in health care. This article systematically reviews the research on the hygienic efficacy of different hand-drying methods. A literature search was conducted in April 2011 using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Search terms used were hand dryer and hand drying. The search was limited to articles published in English from January 1970 through March 2011. Twelve studies were included in the review. Hand-drying effectiveness includes the speed of drying, degree of dryness, effective removal of bacteria, and prevention of cross-contamination. This review found little agreement regarding the relative effectiveness of electric air dryers. However, most studies suggest that paper towels can dry hands efficiently, remove bacteria effectively, and cause less contamination of the washroom environment. From a hygiene viewpoint, paper towels are superior to electric air dryers. Paper towels should be recommended in locations where hygiene is paramount, such as hospitals and clinics.
- Published
- 2012
25. Methodology for detecting swallowing sounds
- Author
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Ken-ichi Michi, Koji Takahashi, and Michael E. Groher
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Adult ,Male ,Paper ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Laryngeal Cartilages ,Movement ,Acceleration ,Transducers ,Audiology ,Speech and Hearing ,Swallowing ,Adhesives ,Cricoid cartilage ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Pulse ,Sound (medical instrument) ,Paper tape ,business.industry ,Swallowing Disorders ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Sound detection ,Gastroenterology ,Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Acoustics ,Deglutition ,Carotid pulse ,Noise ,Carotid Arteries ,Sound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Auscultation ,Pharynx ,Female ,Rubber ,Larynx ,business ,Plastics - Abstract
The use of cervical auscultation in the evaluation of the pharyngeal swallow may become a part of the clinical evaluation of dysphagic patients. Though its use is based on subjective evaluation, an acoustic analysis of swallowing sounds might establish more objective criteria in the detection of swallowing disorders. The present study sought to investigate three aspects of the methodology for detecting swallowing sounds: (1) the type of acoustic detector unit suited to an acoustic analysis of the pharyngeal swallow, (2) the type of adhesive suited for the attachement of the detector, and (3) the optimal site for sound detection of the pharyngeal swallow. An accelerometer with double-sided paper tape was selected as the appropriate detector unit because of its wide range of frequency response and small attenuation level. Using this detector unit, swallowing sounds and noise associated with simulated laryngeal elevation and the carotid pulse were acquired at 24 sites on the neck in 14 normal subjects; these signals were acoustically analyzed. The determination of the optimal site for detecting swallowing sounds was based on the signal-to-noise ratio. The site over the lateral border of the trachea immediately inferior to the cricoid cartilage is the optimal site for detection of swallowing sounds because this site showed the greatest signal-to-noise ratio with the smallest variance. The site over the center of the cricoid cartilage and the midpoint between the site over the center of the cricoid cartilage and the site immediately superior to the jugular notch were also considered to be the most appropriate sites.
- Published
- 1994
26. A History of the Human Voice.
- Author
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Evenson, Brian
- Subjects
- *
HUMAN voice , *NOISE , *IMAGE reconstruction , *PHOTOGRAPHS , *PAPER - Abstract
The article suggests an explanation for the rediscovered noises based on a conjunction between the damaged paper and the damaged voice that appears in the technical work of image remaking. It shows how the pictorial image can slide into the aural. It proposes that while people may be damaged by the images, they also actively participate, at the moment of their creation, in the damaging of images.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Noise Exposures in Pulp and Paper Production
- Author
-
Warren A. Cook and Paul M. Giever
- Subjects
Paper ,Occupational Medicine ,Engineering ,Waste management ,business.industry ,Pulp (paper) ,Acoustics ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Paper production ,Environmental Exposure ,engineering.material ,Noise ,business ,Paper manufacturing - Abstract
Machines employed in pulp and paper manufacturing produce high noise levels that are difficult to control. This paper presents data on noise levels both overall and in octave bands from 300 Hz through 2400 Hz in areas adjacent to such equipment with a discussion of control problems.
- Published
- 1969
28. The Effect of Noise on Public Health.
- Author
-
Finegold, Lawrence S., Job, Soames, de Jong, Ronald, and Griefahn, Barbara
- Subjects
- *
NOISE , *CONFERENCES & conventions , *ANIMALS , *PAPER , *RESEARCH , *SOUND - Abstract
Focuses on the effect of noise exposure on humans and other animals during the 8th International Congress on Noise. Papers regarding sleep-disturbance research; Community response to environmental noise; Important negative effects of noise.
- Published
- 2004
29. Noise controls for paper corrugators
- Author
-
Arthur O. Lund
- Subjects
Paper ,Noise ,Occupational hygiene ,Computer science ,Speech recognition ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Noise, Occupational ,Humans ,Industry - Abstract
(1978). Noise controls for paper corrugators. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal: Vol. 39, No. 10, pp. 824-827.
- Published
- 1978
30. [Characteristics of noise in mechanical wood processing shops at cellulose-paper plants]
- Author
-
N V, Marinenko
- Subjects
Paper ,Occupational Medicine ,Humans ,Environmental Exposure ,Maximum Allowable Concentration ,Cellulose ,Noise ,USSR - Published
- 1971
31. [Noise control measures in the paper industry]
- Author
-
A E, SHABALIN
- Subjects
Paper ,Biomedical Research ,Humans ,Industry ,Noise - Published
- 1958
32. Medical and legal aspects of noise in industry; a discussion of papers presented
- Author
-
G D, HOOPLE
- Subjects
Paper ,Industry ,Noise - Published
- 1952
33. Reduction of noise from paper machine suction rolls and rewinders
- Author
-
C B, DAHL
- Subjects
Paper ,Biomedical Research ,Suction ,Household Articles ,Noise ,Occupational Health - Published
- 1958
34. Operating Window: An Engineering Measure for Robustness
- Author
-
Clausing, Don P.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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