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2. Migrants of the Information Age: Indian and Mexican Engineers and Regional Development in Silicon Valley. Working Paper No. 16.
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California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla. Center for Comparative Immigration Studies. and Alarcon, Rafael
- Abstract
Immigration and domestic industrial policies have been powerful instruments in the creation of immigrant "niches" in labor markets. While Indians have clustered in the information technology industry, Mexicans have formed niches in low-skilled industries such as agriculture. A review of the relationship between immigration policy and the requirements of the information technology industry reveals two important conclusions. First, immigration policy changes of the mid-1960s facilitated the immigration of Indians with high levels of education. Asians and Africans could not use family reunification to enter the United States, so the only path open to them was the use of occupational skills. This explains why these immigrants are so highly educated and why they concentrate in high-tech industries. On the other hand, Mexican immigrants constitute the largest group of unskilled workers because economic and social costs of immigration are lessened by geographical propinquity. In addition, specific U.S. immigration policies, direct recruitment, and the development of social networks have encouraged the immigration of unskilled workers. The departure of IBM from India in 1978, and the failure of the country to develop a domestic viable computer industry forced most Indian users to rely on imports. Thus, during the 1970s and 1980s Indian programmers learned how to work on a variety of platforms. In contrast, Mexico has solidified its role as the preferred location for the electronics manufacturing industry. (Contains 33 references.) (TD)
- Published
- 2000
3. Report of the Commissioner of Education Made to the Secretary of the Interior for the Year 1870, with Accompanying Papers
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Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education (ED)
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The bulk of this report from the Commissioner of Education is made up of appendices. The appendices begin with abstracts of reports submitted by state, territorial, and city school officers. Data is then presented on the general condition of colored schools operated by the Freedmen's Bureau; Indian education; kindergarten culture; Hebrew education; Argentine education; deaf and dumb education; education in England; education in Bengal, India; education of the working classes in Austria; education in Victoria, Australia; Ecuadorian education; U.S. medical education; normal schools; educational conventions; an American university; society, crime, and criminals; the Chinese migration; school supervision; German schools and teaching German; the relationship between education and labor; inquiries and replies relating to education and labor; illiteracy in the U.S.; and general U.S. school statistics. The latter includes statistics on pupils and teachers; school finances; colleges; theological seminaries; law schools; medical, dental, and pharmaceutical institutions; normal schools; agricultural and scientific schools; commercial colleges; institutions serving the deaf and dumb, the insane, the blind, the idiotic, inebriates, and miscellaneous special schools; the Young Men's Christian Associations; major U.S. libraries; reformatories and state prisons; and appointments, examinations, and rejections at West Point.
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- 1870
4. The Social Principle of Inclusive Education and Addressing Diversity in Indian Schools: An Appraisal of Post-Salamanca Initiatives in India
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Athira, B. K. and Rajendran, Poornima
- Abstract
There are steps formally initiated by the Government of India to maintain its adherence to the norms of Inclusive Education. Such schemes, acts and policy drafts are brought into discussion in this paper along with an appraisal of their draft and scope. This include the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan which became operational from the year 2001, The Right to Education Act, which is implemented from the year 2009 and the Action Plan for Inclusion in Education of Children and Youth with Disabilities of 2005, which was revised in the year 2009. The discussion is anchored around, though not limited to the aspect of 'Diversity' which is very pertinent to the Indian scenario and the philosophy of Inclusion. Cultural and geographical diversity of the Indian sub-continent provoke challenges in 'Doing Diversity' in classrooms and at the same time it is contributing for the teacher and the taught. Considering the scope of the concept of social inclusion and inclusive education, the paper argues that at an implementation level, inclusive education should be one that is responsive to diversities in a classroom and cultural space. Rather than reproducing social structures pertaining to the above mentioned social categories of class, gender, language etc., policy drafting and implementation of inclusive education should make certain attempts which are pro-inclusive. They need to be less privileging towards certain ways of learning and certain ways of evaluation, considering the physical and cultural diversities of the learners. In our discussion on these schemes and their scope in ensuring diversity in classrooms, questions pertaining to certain disadvantaged sections are covered including Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Gender nonbinaries, migrants etc.
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- 2023
5. From Padhana [Foreign Characters Omitted] to Play Pedagogy: A Collaborative Autoethnography of an Immigrant Early Childhood Educator
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Sweta Vijaykumar Patel, Fida Sanjakdar, and Megan Adams
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Research exploring the influences of cultural experiences, future imaginations and aspirations on the formation of pedagogy among immigrant Early Childhood (EC) educators remains scarce. This collaborative autoethnography (CAE) is about the first author's pedagogical journey. Educated and trained in India as an EC educator, the stories shared in this paper offer insights into how the first author navigated and negotiated her understandings of pedagogies from padhana, a more traditional Indian focused pedagogy to 'Western' play-based pedagogy. Using photo-elicitation techniques from visual images as data and Appadurai's theoretical framework on cultural global flows, the changes and continuities of conceptions of pedagogy influenced by cultural experiences, future imaginations and aspirations are explored. The iterative process supported by CAE helped redefine understandings about pedagogies, teacher identity and EC education.
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- 2024
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6. Adult Education for the Human Condition: Global Issues and Trauma-Informed Learning. Adult and Higher Education Alliance Proceedings (46th, Online, March 10-11, 2022)
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Adult Higher Education Alliance (AHEA), Olson, Joann S., Elufiede, Kemi, Coberly-Holt, Patricia, Olson, Joann S., Elufiede, Kemi, Coberly-Holt, Patricia, and Adult Higher Education Alliance (AHEA)
- Abstract
The 46th annual conference of the Adult and Higher Education Alliance (AHEA) was held online in March 2022. This year's conference theme is "Adult Education for the Human Condition: Global Issues and Trauma-Informed Learning." The proceedings are comprised of the following papers: (1) Man-Environment Interaction in the Rainforests and Sustainable Development: Practical Implications for Adult Education (Kofo A. Aderogba); (2) The Trauma of Coronavirus and Education for Sustainable Human Condition (Adebimpe E. Alabi and Kofo A. Aderogba); (3) Dialogue-Based Education: A Strategy for Empowering Young Adults in Fostering Entrepreneurial Mindsets (Isaac Kofi Biney); (4) Does Science Help in Understanding Trauma-Related Behaviors in the Adult Student? (Joan Buzick); (5) Strengthening Resiliency During Stress in Adulthood (Patricia Coberly-Holt and Lynn Roberts); (6) Talking Back: Testifying as an Act of Resistance and Healing for Black Women Survivors of Prostitution (Amelia B. Cole); (7) Nexus of Vulnerability of Internally Displaced Persons [IDPs] in Africa, and Socioeconomic Development of the Black Nations (Debora A. Egunyomi and Kofo A. Aderogba); (8) Utilizing Technology, Mentoring, and Fun Initiatives to Decrease Workplace Stress (Yvonne Hunter-Johnson, Sarah Wilson-Kronoenlein, and Dauran McNeil); (9) Hemophilia: A Silent Threat to Post-Secondary Success in a Caribbean Context (Kerry-Ann Lee-Evans and Kayon Murray-Johnson); (10) Trauma-Informed Teaching of Writing in Higher Education (Marian Mesrobian MacCurdy); (11) The Human Condition, the Goals of Adult Education, and the Role of the Adult Educator: A Conversation (Alan Mandell and Xenia Coulter); (12) Parenting Adolescent Children in the American Culture by South Asian Immigrants from India (Olivet K. Neethipudi); (13) The Importance of Recognizing Personal Stressors, How They May Impact Our Professional Life/Teaching, and Steps We Can Take to Learn from the Experiences (Lynn Roberts and Patricia Coberly-Holt); (14) Comparison of Competency and Entrustability in Ongoing Adult Skill Development: How Do They Meet? (Richard Silvia and Kathy Peno); and (15) The Invisible Pandemic (Joyvina Evans and Joshua Ramaker). [For the 2021 proceedings, see ED615223.]
- Published
- 2022
7. Understanding Play Participants' Perspectives in Play-Based Learning: A Cultural-Historical Analysis in a Home Context
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Devi, Anamika
- Abstract
There are some studies indicating that parents make a significant contribution to children's conceptual learning through play, whereas very few studies have been done to identify parents' pedagogical positioning in children's imaginative play for supporting their learning and development. This paper is seeking how Indian-Australian immigrant parents involve themselves and support the development of abstract concepts by taking on their children's perspectives in imaginative play. Vygotsky's cultural-historical theory was used to analyse the data to answer the research question. The data have been collected through video, audio and semi-structured interviews from four Indian-Australian immigrant families. Approximately 17 hours of data were collected from four focus children's families. The finding of this study show how to extend the play that the parent and child develop from an individual perspective by moving between inside and outside of the imaginative play. However, the study also reveals that the play participants might miss the opportunity to understand each other's perspectives by only being outside of the play. The paper suggests that future research should concentrate on studying the pedagogical positioning of the adult, which is an important dimension for understanding adults' involvement in children's imaginative play for supporting learning and development.
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- 2022
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8. The Struggle against the Citizenship Amendment Act in India: Recovering the Insurrectionary Praxis of Critical Pedagogy
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Mathew, Manu V.
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This paper locates the emergence of critical pedagogy (CP) as praxis in the protest movements in New Delhi, India, against the new citizenship amendment laws that were brought about by the Indian government. The ruling government in India brought amendments to the existing provisions for citizenship, such that persons from Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi and Christian religious communities from neighbouring Afghanistan, Bangladesh or Pakistan were allowed Indian citizenship. Muslims, however, were excluded from this. This exclusion, coupled with the national project established for finding illegal immigrants in India -- called the National Citizenship Registry project -- affects the Muslim communities in South-Asia and has been widely resisted across India, by Muslims and other social and political organisations. This paper traces the development of such a struggle in Shaheen Bagh, New Delhi, and proposes that CP as a critique of the social, emerged from the specificity of the Shaheen Bagh movement. Shaheen Bagh gives critical insights into rethinking CP whenever its foundational tenets seem to have been lost or are merely subsumed by disciplinary compartments within academia. This struggle offers us insights toward returning to the insurrectionary character of CP, by locating CP within the context of such struggles. At the same time, this study of Shaheen Bagh and the specific form of CP that emerged in thatcontext, also shows us the limitations of contemporary social movements to take CP to its logical conclusion where oppressive class relations are undermined.
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- 2022
9. Imagining Collective Futures in Settlement Education: Perspectives of Tamil-Canadian Immigrant Women
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Abarna Selvarajah
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Literature on adult settlement and integration education in Canada documents the limits of public services supporting the settlement of female newcomers. This study provokes deeper understandings of these limitations by examining the gendered experiences of mature Tamil women who have resided in the province of Ontario, Canada for more than 10 years. Using personal interviews and archival immigration policy documents, this paper argues that despite interacting closely with settlement education programs, mature Tamil immigrant women continue to face gendered and classed barriers to social integration within and outside their communities. Settlement education policies produce temporariness in mature women by making them ineligible for services and supports, thus further scripting their lives on the fringes of their communities. However, mature Tamil immigrant women reject the essentialization of their narratives as continuous historical victims by engaging in relationships with their peers. Friendships between migrant and diaspora women emerge as a unique space to explore agentic resistance to homogenising settlement and integration structures. Theoretical frameworks of this study are anchored in literature discussing neoliberalism, multiculturalism, settlement education, and transnational feminism.
- Published
- 2023
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10. Unmasking Transnational Hindutva: Activist Knowledge Practices from the Indian Diaspora
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Thapliyal, Nisha
- Abstract
Activist research that conducts social investigation and analysis can be the key first step in organising at the grassroots and movement building. This paper critically analyses two research reports titled 'The Foreign Exchange of Hate' (Sabrang/Coalition against Genocide 2002) and 'In Bad Faith' (Awaaz South Asia Watch 2004) produced by progressive activists situated in progressive mobilisations in the North American and British South Asian diasporas. This research was amongst the earliest to systematically investigate and expose the transnational networks and activities of Hindu nationalism. Drawing on the scholarship of Aziz Choudry, I discuss key influences, goals, impacts and costs of these activist research projects. The analysis offer situated insights into the relationship between activist research and movement-building in the context of collective resistance to Hindu nationalism in Eurocentric, liberal multicultural societies.
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- 2023
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11. Indian Teachers and Environmental Identity in Aotearoa New Zealand Early Childhood Education
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Rathore, Devika, Eames, Chris, and Kelly-Ware, Janette
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The Aotearoa New Zealand early childhood education (ECE) landscape is becoming increasingly multicultural, in particular with a significant number of migrant Indian teachers working in the field. This paper explores the potential role of environmental identity as migrant Indian ECE teachers navigate between the Indian and New Zealand cultures, wherein the environment may hold different meanings and place in these two cultural systems. The natural environment holds a special place in Aotearoa New Zealand's cultural systems and is an integral part of the national identity. It can be argued that early childhood environmental education is important, and is already playing a part, in developing children's environmental identity across the country. In facilitating this, teachers' environmental identities can be equally important, especially in the case of migrant teachers, whose identities are influenced by different cultural systems. Our interest is in the environmental identities of migrant Indian teachers' given their growing numbers in Aotearoa New Zealand ECE.
- Published
- 2020
12. Education's Role in Preparing Globally Competent Citizens. BCES Conference Books, Volume 12
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Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), Popov, Nikolay, Wolhuter, Charl, Ermenc, Klara Skubic, Hilton, Gillian,, Ogunleye, James, Chigisheva, Oksana, Popov, Nikolay, Wolhuter, Charl, Ermenc, Klara Skubic, Hilton, Gillian,, Ogunleye, James, Chigisheva, Oksana, and Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES)
- Abstract
This volume contains papers submitted to the 12th Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), held in Sofia and Nessebar, Bulgaria, in June 2014, and papers submitted to the 2nd International Partner Conference, organized by the International Research Centre 'Scientific Cooperation,' Rostov-on-Don, Russia. The volume also includes papers submitted to the International Symposium on Comparative Sciences, organized by the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society in Sofia, in October 2013. The 12th BCES Conference theme is "Education's Role in Preparing Globally Competent Citizens." The 2nd Partner Conference theme is "Contemporary Science and Education: New Challenges -- New Decisions." The book consists of 103 papers, written by 167 authors and co-authors, and grouped into 7 parts. Parts 1-4 comprise papers submitted to the 12th BCES Conference, and Parts 5-7 comprise papers submitted to the 2nd Partner Conference. The 103 papers are divided into the following parts: (1) Comparative Education & History of Education; (2) Pre-service and In-service Teacher Training & Learning and Teaching Styles; (3) Education Policy, Reforms and School Leadership; (4) Higher Education, Lifelong Learning and Social Inclusion; (5) Educational Development Strategies in Different Countries and Regions of the World: National, Regional and Global Levels; (6) Key Directions and Characteristics of Research Organization in Contemporary World; and (7) International Scientific and Educational Cooperation for the Solution of Contemporary Global Issues: From Global Competition to World Integration.
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- 2014
13. Multilingualism in Urban Vellore
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Mishra, Sneha
- Abstract
The present paper describes and analyses multilingualism and language use in urban Vellore. In the situation of urban Vellore, together with multilingual immigrants, multilingualism is stimulated with the business motive, to earn livelihood and for social integration. Interviews are conducted with 31 respondents who are skilled in employing at least three distinct languages in their regular communication. The study highlights the presence of different languages in Vellore's verbal repertoire. There is also a discussion of the participants' perspective on multilingualism which is mostly positive. The phenomenon of multilingualism in Vellore sometimes also stems as a survival strategy of people in their new surroundings.
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- 2022
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14. Ethno-Cultural Diversity Education in Canada, the USA and India: The Experience of the Tibetan Diaspora
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MacPherson, Seonaigh
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This paper contrasts approaches to supporting ethno-cultural diversity in education in Canada, the USA and India through the lens of the experiences of the Tibetan diaspora. All three countries self-identify as linguistic and ethnically diverse states that value multiculturalism. These shared values make them insightful comparative cases to consider the role of public education "vis-a-vis" its impact on ethno-cultural diversity within pluralistic societies. The case used to conduct the comparison is that of the Tibetan diaspora, an ethno-cultural migrant minority found in each country. Three prevailing ethno-cultural diversity orientations are identified -- "integration", "achievement" and "sustainability" -- to describe prevalent approaches in Canada, the USA and India, respectively. The paper concludes with implications of the skewed orientations in each context, proposing a more balanced use of all three orientations for more robust and comprehensive supports for ethno-cultural diversity in education.
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- 2018
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15. Access to Elementary Education in India. Country Analytical Review
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Consortium for Research on Educational Access, Transitions and Equity (CREATE), Govinda, R., and Bandyopadhyay, Madhumita
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This analytical review aims at exploring trends in educational access and delineating different groups, which are vulnerable to exclusion from educational opportunities at the elementary stage. This review has drawn references from series of analytical papers developed on different themes i.e. regional disparity in education, social equity and gender equity in education, problem of drop out, education of the children of migrants, inequity in educational opportunities, health and nutrition, governance of education and so on. The first and second section of the paper presents brief review of the state of elementary education in the country with particular focus on regional disparities and social inequities in provision. The third section delineates different zones of exclusion highlighting the nature and magnitude of the problems of access, transition and equity. Fourth section captures the profiles of the varying groups of children responding to the questions of who are excluded from schooling and why are they excluded. In the final section, the paper makes an effort to identify gaps in our understanding of the issues pointing to the need for further research as well as identifying strategies that seem to work in addressing issues of access to elementary education in India. (Contains 16 footnotes, 31 tables and 10 figures.)
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- 2008
16. Approaches to Language in Education for Migrants and Refugees in the Asia-Pacific Region
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Bangkok (Thailand), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (France), Heugh, Kathleen, and Mohamed, Naashia
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The Asia-Pacific region hosts the largest number of refugees and displaced people in the world, and is the place of origin for nearly half of all international migrants. However, data related to the unique language-in-education needs of refugee and migrant children in and from this area is sparse. The report aims to create a stronger knowledge base to support Member States as they formulate education policies that are responsive to the needs of such children. It aims to: (1) Examine how linguistic diversity and human mobility intersect and impact minority, migrant and refugee children's access to quality, inclusive education; (2) Link policy priorities to promising practices, based on international frameworks and lessons learned from successful programmes; and (3) Recommend steps for improving language-in-education policies and their implementation. [Funding for this paper was also provided by UNICEF's East Asia and Pacific Regional Office (EAPRO).]
- Published
- 2020
17. Implementing a Summer Enrichment Program for Secondary Newcomer Students in a New England Community
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López, Ruth M., Lee, Jaein J., and Tung, Rosann
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This paper is a case study of an English Learner (EL) summer enrichment program that supported English language fluency and comprehension of middle and high school students, many of whom were refugees, immigrants, or newcomers from U.S. territories. In this case, we share how a program can successfully provide an equitable education for newcomer students, whether they are newly settled refugees, unaccompanied youth, asylum seekers or other types of immigrants from around the world. Focusing on how a program for newcomers was designed and implemented to ensure inclusive and asset-based practices, we discuss the findings from document analysis and qualitative data collected at a New England district. We found that education leaders created rich learning environments through inclusive and asset-based curricula, community partnerships, and creative enrichment programming. The Summer Academy's leaders and educators met newly arriving students where they were in their formal education and prepared them to achieve their educational goals while being newly arrived in the United States. This study provides insight into practices that promote refugee and newcomer students' education and shares implications for the practices of school and district leaders who serve diverse groups of students who are learning English.
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- 2020
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18. Cultural Values and Practices: The Pillars of Heritage Language Maintenance Endeavours within an Immigrant Multilingual Malayali Community in the UK
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Meddegama, Indu Vibha
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The widespread marginalisation of heritage languages in public and political discourse coupled with the association of proficiency in host languages with personal and professional gain have led many diasporic communities to shy away from transmitting their heritage languages at home (Curdt-Christiansen 2016): a context considered to be optimal for minority language maintenance (Vaccarino 2011). This does not imply however that attempts-on the part of migrants-to keep alive their heritage languages, are non-existent. Demonstrating a harmonious convergence between their everyday language practices and the above-mentioned assumption that the home is a 'stronghold' for heritage language use (Pauwels 2016 p.90) are a Malayali community based in Yorkshire, England. Making this a possibility was their commitment towards maintaining certain cultural practices and values associated with the first-generation migrants' country of origin, India. Drawing on semi-structured interview responses, observational field notes and audio-recorded family conversations obtained from this community, what I thus propose in this paper is that these cultural values and practices form the pillars that support the Malayalis' attempts to preserve their heritage language Malayalam. Furthermore, my findings suggest the agents behind these endeavours to pan across three generations, in two countries: the UK and India.
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- 2020
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19. Socio-Economic and Health Consequences of COVID-19 on Indian Migrants: A Landscape Analysis.
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Trivedi, Poonam, Yasobant, Sandul, Saxena, Deepak, and Atkins, Salla
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COVID-19 ,INTERNAL migrants ,INTERNAL migration ,COVID-19 pandemic ,IMMIGRANTS ,CLINICAL psychology - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has hugely affected the world and human lives, the economy, and lifestyles. The pandemic control measures, such as lockdowns, forced many people to migrate from their destination to their source in various states, leading to increased vulnerability of migrants. The present review aimed to explore the different health, economic, and social impacts on internal migrants of India during the pandemic. The publications on internal migration and COVID-19 from India were retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 159 articles were extracted, of which 28 were reviewed. The articles published after March 1, 2020, were included in the review, irrespective of the design. Out of 28 articles, only half were original studies; the rest were either perspective, opinion, and review studies or editorial and commentary papers. Depression, anxiety, and stress due to job loss and lockdown were the major health issues documented. There was livelihood disturbance due to loss of income, such as inability to pay rent, loans, borrowing from relatives, and fear of its consequences. The migrants also faced stigma and discrimination from the villagers. The review also highlighted that although the government implemented various schemes to help the migrants, the majority were left out due to the non-availability of identity proof and ration cards. The safeguarding measures for these unregistered migrants must be facilitated to access health, economic, and social protection. Although various publications have focused on the mental health of the migrants, the socio-ecological aspects have been least explored, which calls for further studies. The literature on the impact of COVID-19 on other vulnerable populations like women and children and access to healthcare services is also scant, which needs to be explored further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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20. Families Left behind at the Source of Migration: Implications for Career Guidance Practitioners
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Kumar, Sachin
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Issues surrounding migration are receiving unprecedented attention at the global, regional, as well as national levels. However, a review of the literature shows that there is more focus on international migration compared to internal migration. Further, there is more emphasis on issues related to the migration destination rather than those at the source of migration. Using the cultural preparation process model as a framework, this paper aims to understand the career and livelihood planning needs of those who are left behind. The left-behind families of pine resin tappers in the Changar region of the Indian Himalayas are presented as a case study to draw the attention of career guidance and counselling professionals to this unattended population.
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- 2019
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21. International Society for the Social Studies Annual Conference Proceedings (Orlando, Florida, February 25-26, 2010). Volume 2010, Issue 1
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Russell, William Benedict, III
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The "ISSS Annual Conference Proceedings" is a peer-reviewed professional publication published once a year following the annual conference. (Individual papers contain references.) [For the 2009 proceedings, see ED504973.]
- Published
- 2010
22. Language Socialization in Bilingual and Multilingual Societies. Bilingual Education and Bilingualism.
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Bayley, Robert, Schecter, Sandra R., Bayley, Robert, and Schecter, Sandra R.
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This collection of papers explores language socialization from very early childhood through adulthood. After "Introduction: Toward a Dynamic Model of Language Socialization" (Robert Bayley and Sandra R. Schecter), there are 16 papers in 4 parts. Part 1, "Language Socialization at Home," includes: (1) "Transforming Perspectives on Bilingual Language Socialization" (Lucinda Pease-Alvarez); (2) "Weaving Languages Together: Family Language Policy and Gender Socialization in Bilingual Aymara Households" (Aurolyn Luykx); (3) "Collaborative Literacy in a Mexican Immigrant Household: The Role of Sibling Mediators in the Socialization of Pre-School Learners" (Maria de la Piedra and Harriett D. Romo); and (4) "Growing Up Trilingual in Montreal: Perceptions of College Students" (Patricia Lamarre and Josefina Rossell Paredes). Part 2, "Language Socialization at School," includes: (5) "Representational Practices and Multi-Modal Communication in U.S. High Schools: Implications for Adolescent Immigrants" (Linda Harklau); (6) "Engaging in an Authentic Science Project: Appropriating, Resisting, and Denying 'Scientific' Identities" (KimMarie Cole and Jane Zuengler); (7) "Interrupted by Silences: The Contemporary Education of Hong Kong-Born Chinese Canadians" (Gordon Pon, Tara Goldstein, and Sandra R. Schecter); (8) "Novices and Their Speech Roles in Chinese Heritage Language Classes" (Agnes Weiyun He); and (9) "Language Socialization and Dys-Socialization in a South Indian College" (Dwight Atkinson). Part 3, "Language Socialization in Bilingual and Multilingual Societies," includes: (10) "Language Socialization and Second Language Acquisition in a Multilingual Arctic Quebec Community" (Donna Patrick); (11) "Growing a 'Banyavirag' (Rock Crystal) on Barren Soil: Forming a Hungarian Identity in Eastern Slovakia through Joint (Inter)action" (Juliet Langman); (12) "Multiliteracies in Springvale: Negotiating Language, Culture and Identity in Suburban Melbourne" (Heather Lotherington); and (13) "Terms of Desire: Are There Lesbians in Egypt?" (Didi Khayatt). Part 4, "Language Socialization in the Workplace," includes: (14) "Language Dynamics in the Bi- and Multilingual Workplace" (Christopher McAll); (15) "Back to School: Learning Practices in a Job Retraining Community" (Jill Sinclair Bell); and (16) "Bilingualism and Standardization in a Canadian Call Center: Challenges for a Linguistic Minority Community" (Sylvie Roy). (Contains approximately 475 references.) (SM)
- Published
- 2003
23. Hostile Times: Desi College Students Cope with Hate
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Isler, Hilal Nakiboglu
- Abstract
The attacks of terror carried out on September 11, 2001 gave rise to waves of hate-fueled violence across the country. It has been argued that the attacks and the subsequent, current context of war have resulted in a heightened sense of American intolerance. They have led to discernable shifts in how certain minorities are perceived and treated in the United States. Since the attacks, an alarming number of Arab, Iranian, and other Muslim Americans have been targeted and hurt, becoming victims of a vicious brand of "patriotism." The FBI reports that the number of anti-Muslim hate crimes filed has spiked from 28 in the year 2000, to 481 in 2001--representing a seventeen-fold increase. Backlash continues to take on the form of verbal taunting, airport profiling, and even physical violence. The group hardest hit by hate crimes post 9-11 has been the South Asian Americans. Today, young desi Americans find themselves--perhaps for the first time--in the shaky, undesirable position of standing out for the "wrong" reasons. Listening to reports of hate crimes directed at South Asian and Muslim Americans after the events of September 11th, they must now contend with the understanding that their position in this country is more tenuous than they perhaps realized. In this paper, the author discusses what growing up during a time of rising confusion and xenophobia has meant for the children of Indian immigrants. (Contains 24 endnotes.)
- Published
- 2006
24. Europe as Unlikely Immigrant Destination: Location Choice for Internationally Mobile Students in India
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Hercog, Metka and van de Laar, Mindel
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This paper examines how country-specific factors in receiving countries influence a highly skilled migrant's choice between several possible locations. While continental European countries recognize that attracting migrants is a key component of their economic strategies, it is unclear to what extent these immigration policies result in European countries performing better in the global competition for the skilled. Surveys of prospective migrants in India show that while European countries appear to be relatively attractive for educational purposes, European countries are not perceived as favourably for long-term stays. Relative to migrants selecting traditional immigration countries, migrants selecting Europe as a destination typically have more skills and increased access to resources, such as existing networks abroad, higher educational level or better language skills. With fewer long-term migration initiatives to Europe, immigration policies and destination country-specific factors, opportunities to obtain citizenship and amenities of local environment become less relevant. European governments put considerable effort in integrating student migration as a part of a wider immigration strategy; however, this strategy is likely to prove ineffective if "probationary migrants" do not view European countries as realistic work destinations after graduation.
- Published
- 2016
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25. Migrant childhoods and schooling in India: contesting the inclusion-exclusion binary.
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Rajan, Vijitha
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CHILDREN of immigrants ,SCHOOL contests ,IMMIGRANTS ,SCHOOL children ,ETHNOLOGY - Abstract
Modern schooling systems operate through normative and sedentary framings of childhood, within which migrant childhoods get constructed as outliers. This paper problematizes the discriminatory ways in which such a system operates. The inclusionary mechanisms adopted to 'mainstream' 'hard to reach' migrant children into formal schools do not address the fundamental spatio-temporal modalities of modern schooling. This complicates the relationship between migrant childhoods and presumed policy dichotomies such as inclusion and exclusion. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in the southern Indian city of Bangalore, this paper foregrounds how migrant children's lives, are spatio-temporally liminal and precarious in the city. It further explores how these modalities of migrant children's lives are in discordance with the spatio-temporal framing of modern childhood and schooling. Moreover, migrant children's own experiences of schooling and socio-spatial marginalization in the city bring out the contradictions of modern schooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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26. The Covid-19 Pandemic and its Impact on Internal Migrants in India: Regional Perspective and Response.
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Faheem, Mohd.
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,IMMIGRANTS ,URBAN community development ,MIGRANT labor - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic characterizes a serious health crisis on the earth planet. It can possibly make destroying impacts connected with society and economy. There are internal migrants which are important part of India's economy which is around 20% of the labor force. There are 100 million inward migrants in India. Around 40 million of people from various states in India. This paper looks into the presence of migrant workers in the urban communities across India that have been intensely impacted by the step of lockdowntaken by the government of India. This paper finds the regional scenario of mass flight of migrant workers from the important Indian urban centers to their rural homes. This study sums up with the significance of internal migrants particular those who are workers whose contributions in different cities' economies and after the lockdown, need to provide essential help in term of social security and also to develop the data resource in the destination sources in order to link the government schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
27. Work visas and return migration: how migration policy shapes global talent.
- Author
-
Jacobs, Elizabeth
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,RETURN migrants ,LABOR mobility ,LABOR market - Abstract
The recruitment and retention of foreign talent are crucial dimensions of the global education and labour markets. This paper examines how entwined migration policies and corporate practices shape the development and flow of international skill. I pair an original dataset of employment histories with 105 interviews with skilled migrants and institutional actors to examine the process of skill and knowledge formation among foreign-born workers in the United States and return migrants in India. The findings show that employer-sponsored visas constrain the development of foreign skill and inefficiencies in the implementation of H-1B visas andgreen cards are contributing to return migration. Return migrants leave the United States with knowledge and skills in STEM and business that they developed while studying and working in the United States. At the same time, multinational employers are increasingly conceptualising migration experience as a skill, giving return migrants an advantage in their home labour markets. The findings of this paper illustrate how interactions between state and corporate institutions shape the process of skill formation throughout the migration journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Language and the Negotiation of Identity and Sense of Belonging: A Study of Literary Representations of Indians in England
- Author
-
Sharma, Meenakshi
- Abstract
The writings of Indians in English provide a rich ground to explore the ways in which travellers and migrants from India to England relate to the realities of the place and to their place in it. Language and the literary education that characterised English education in India during colonial times play an important role in the construction of identity of such Indians. The love and idealisation of an "imagined" England constructed from literary texts, and the encounter with reality upon travel to England, are depicted in many fictional and autobiographical accounts. Focusing on a sample of such texts from the 1950s to the 1970s, this paper looks at representations of the first-hand experience of England for those who identify themselves with Englishness on the strength of their intellectual and emotional connection with it through love for the language and literature. The study yields interesting insights that may have implications for current movements of people across the globalised world, with shared language and education as their "intellectual" passport and a confident sense of identity and belonging with the West and its culture, based on "familiarity" acquired through a shared language and images derived from ubiquitous media sources.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Policy differentiation and the politics of belonging in India's emigrant and emigration policies.
- Author
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Burmeister-Rudolph, Mira
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,GROUP identity ,CITIZENSHIP - Abstract
India is the largest emigrant origin country in the world. The majority of Indian emigrants work in low-wage employment in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. This paper contrasts India's policy responses directed at migrants living in the Gulf countries with policies targeted at those in the Global North. India has extended substantive rights and symbolic inclusion to Indian citizens and (descendants of) former citizens residing in the Global North. However, while it established a social protection framework for low-wage emigrants in the Gulf, these emigrants are often unable to access other substantive citizenship rights and are mostly ignored at the symbolic level. Through critical approaches to the study of diasporas and the lens of boundary work, this article analyzes how emigrant origin states (re-)define belonging through differentiated emigration and emigrant policies. It shows that the Indian state links inclusive/exclusive boundaries of (symbolic) national membership, inherent in emigration and emigrant policies, to classifications regarding emigrants' social identities, in this case class and religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Perceptions of South Asian Women in Canadian Context.
- Author
-
Naidoo, J. C.
- Abstract
The abstract of a scholarly research paper on the status of South Asian women in Canada and tables based both on surveys and questionnaires are contained in this report. In the survey samples, selected cultural, religious, and attitudinal beliefs of South Asian and Anglo-Saxon women living in Canada are presented. Demographic data for participants is provided. Data analysis reveals that (1) education and opportunity are what the South Asian woman wants most from Canada and (2) South Asian Canadians have difficulty dealing with the contrast between a national policy endorsing multiculturalism and the negativism of citizens toward this policy. Further analyses contained in the paper are briefly outlined. Tables of data are included. (WI)
- Published
- 1978
31. Migration, Reality and the Mechanisms of Survival in Benjamin Daniel's Goat Day.
- Author
-
Hussein, Qusay Khalaf
- Subjects
ACCULTURATION ,FAITH ,IMMIGRANTS ,COUNTRIES ,CULTURE - Abstract
This paper examines the concept of migration and the mechanisms of survival in Benyamin Daniel’s Goat Days. It also helps us recount the abuses endured by migrant labourers from different Asian nations, especially India, to the affluent Gulf states. These employees migrated for financial and economic reasons in order to offer a better life and a bright future for their family. The research sheds light on Najeeb, the novel's protagonist, and his trip from India to the Arabian Gulf, and how it changed from a sweet dream to a frightening nightmare. The investigation attempts to uncover hidden truths concerning labour maltreatment in Gulf countries. The paper also intends to explore Najeeb's survival mechanisms, such as acculturation, language and communication, and faith. The research concludes by emphasising the importance of attempting to embrace another culture and learning its language, as well as the importance of faith in overcoming great challenges, such as those faced by the protagonist, Najeeb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
32. Migrant Workers.
- Abstract
Discusses a new German law to encourage foreign workers to return to their home countries, employment exchanges for young foreigners in Germany, and a training program for migrant workers in India. (SK)
- Published
- 1983
33. Migrant Childhoods and Temporalities in India: A Reflective Engagement with Dominant Discourses.
- Author
-
Rajan, Vijitha
- Subjects
CHILDREN of immigrants ,INTERNAL migration ,IMMIGRANTS ,SCHOOL children ,DISCOURSE - Abstract
Temporality is recognized as critical to the understanding of childhoods by contemporary scholars of childhood. This paper explores the varying temporalities through which marginal childhoods (and their educational inclusion), particularly those situated in contexts of temporary internal migration, are constructed in the Indian context. Drawing on ethnographic data from the city of Bangalore, this paper problematizes how dominant ideals around migration, childhood, and schooling frame migrant children's lives through linear temporalities. Furthermore, the paper argues that policy interventions that ostensibly include migrant childhoods do not engage critically with the politics of linear temporality which, in turn, is central to the exclusionary dynamics of migrant children's schooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Locating Migrants Within Informal Workers' Organizing in India: Has COVID-19 Changed Anything?
- Author
-
Choudhary, Neetu and Thakur, Mihir
- Subjects
- *
EMPLOYEE rights , *COVID-19 pandemic , *MIGRANT labor , *STREET vendors , *IMMIGRANTS , *COVID-19 , *REMITTANCES , *LABOR mobility - Abstract
There is a rich narrative on the new dynamics of organizing among informal workers wherein citizenship claims rather labour rights become the basis for negotiation. However, putting citizenship claims at the centre puts migrants at a relative disadvantage. Migrants share their vulnerabilities with other informal workers, but they have additional disadvantages rooted in them being 'non-citizens'. Ironically, migrants are often treated in existing literature as an undifferentiated part of informal labour. Situated in the aftermath of COVID-19, this article locates migrant workers' vulnerability within their inability to organize as a unique group rather than just as trade-based associations of informal workers. Specifically, the paper asks; what explains the lack of organization among migrant workers? What is the role of trade unions in this regard? And, how has an NGO-led initiative during the outbreak of Covid-19, unfolded opportunities for migrant street vendors to organize? Based on a qualitative study using, primary data from two districts in India, it is found that migrants are occupationally designed to remain de-organized, whereas trade unions represent a case of moral hazard. In fact, part of this disadvantage persists because migrants' mobilization is yet to figure as a direct agenda of the trade unions. Alongside, a civil society organization, through iterative negotiations initiates a process that, though unintended, can address the citizenship question for migrants. This process mirrors the dynamics of alternative organizing. However, it also signifies that any claims to organize migrant workers must accommodate their distinct positioning within informal workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Nullification of citizenship: negotiating authority without identity documents in coastal Odisha, India.
- Author
-
Chhotray, Vasudha
- Subjects
CITIZENSHIP ,REFUGEES ,SUFFRAGE ,IDENTIFICATION documents ,DEPORTATION ,HISTORY ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
This paper discusses the case of a community of Bengali immigrant settlers along the coast of Odisha in India at the centre of a unique citizenship controversy. Families have arrived here gradually over the years since 1947, and have generally acquired a range of identity documents from Indian state agencies. These documents certify to a range of rights that signal social and political participation within India: land ownership, voting rights and the receipt of official welfare subsidies. With little warning, a 2005 order by the state government following a high court directive led to the production of a list of 1551 persons, declaring such persons as ‘infiltrators’. The list ostensibly comprises those who have entered India illegally after 1971 or born to parents who entered illegally. While no deportation, as originally intended, has taken place, the nullification of their various documents of citizenship has created a void in their lives. This paper examines the wider politics of the case, especially focusing on how those with nullified documents negotiate the authority of the local state and actors within their own society, and what this reveals about the ever contested nature of citizenship in post-partition India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Zones of compounded informality: Migrants in the megacity.
- Author
-
Silliman Bhattacharjee, Shikha
- Subjects
- *
BIOMETRIC identification , *MEGALOPOLIS , *CONTINGENT employment , *PAY for performance , *RIGHTS , *MIGRANT labor , *IMMIGRANTS - Abstract
This paper introduces the term zones of compounded informality to demarcate locations wherein regulatory exclusions in distinct domains interact to escalate the impact of exclusions for people who live and work in these areas. Based upon a study of India's Delhi, National Capital Region (Delhi‐NCR), I explain how the interaction of flexible planning and employment in particular locales produce zones of compounded informality as a technique of governance. Circular migrant workers in Delhi‐NCR overwhelmingly live and work in these zones, wherein unstable employment and housing contribute to nomadic migration. Legal exclusion from housing protections interacts with other procedural pathways, creating barriers to accessing social protection and citizenship rights. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, including participant observation, interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and a survey of 981 workers, I consider how zones of compounded informality in Delhi‐NCR interact with India's Aadhar biometric identification system to variegate access to the franchise and Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS) for migrant and other low‐wage workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Geopolitics of the NRC-CAA in Assam: Impact on Bangladesh–India Relations.
- Author
-
Sufian, Abu
- Subjects
GEOPOLITICS ,IMMIGRANTS ,HOSTILITY ,CITIZENSHIP - Abstract
The present study examines the contemporary Bangladesh–India relationship analyzing the dynamics of geopolitics centring the National Register of Citizens (NRC) and the Citizenship (Amendment) Act (CAA)-2019 in Assam, India. On the basis of secondary data, this paper explores the historical and geopolitical roots of volatile present and uncertain future of the non-registered people, often termed as 'illegal Bangladeshi migrants' living in Assam, portrayed by the Indian ethnocratic state sidelining India's longstanding pluralist traditions and exercises. The central argument of the study is that peddling the issue of 'illegal Bangladeshi migrants' by Indian political elites is destined to transcend the boundary infusing hostility in future into Bangladesh–India relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. South Asian Families' Access to Special Education and Mental Health Services: Obstacles and Strategies
- Author
-
Pathappilil, Jessy, Bhatt, Hiral, and Kabler, Brenda
- Abstract
Immigration trends in recent years reveal that the number of students from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds is continuing to rise. As the proportion of culturally and linguistically diverse students in the total school population expands, the need for culturally responsive school psychology services will be increasingly magnified (NASP 2009). According to a report from the 2010 United States Census Bureau, the Asian population grew faster than any other population in the United States from 2000 to 2010 and now accounts for 4.8% of the entire population. There has been a significant increase in the Asian immigrant population from the countries of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka (Dash, 2008). South Asian families are quickly becoming one of the most rapidly growing populations in the United States, but there is a lack of research and knowledge regarding how to provide proper psychological services to students from this community. Given the scarcity of research specifically regarding South Asians, a few of the articles cited in this paper include studies pertaining to all Asian Americans. This article highlights obstacles that the families of this population face when dealing with educational and mental health supports for their children. Strategies and recommendations that school psychologists can use to help familiarize parents with the special education process are also highlighted.
- Published
- 2013
39. Fostering trust and sharing responsibility to increase access to dementia care for immigrant older adults.
- Author
-
Koehn, Sharon D., Donahue, Morgan, Feldman, Fabio, and Drummond, Neil
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,CULTURE ,HEALTH services accessibility ,FOCUS groups ,CAREGIVERS ,MEDICAL care ,PATIENTS ,INTERVIEWING ,DEMENTIA patients ,QUALITATIVE research ,HEALTH literacy ,DEMENTIA ,CASE studies ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,TRUST - Abstract
Objectives: This paper explores the role of immigrant-serving agencies in facilitating access to dementia services and supports provided by dementia service agencies (particularly the health authority and local chapters of the Alzheimer Society) through their propensity to develop trusting relationships between staff and clients. Design: Our research is a qualitative case study of Punjabi and Korean speakers living in the Lower Mainland of BC, Canada. Data are drawn from interviews with 15 dyads of persons with dementia and their family caregivers (10 Punjabi, 5 Korean), six focus groups (one focus group with each of 8–10 older men, older women, and mixed gender working age adults in each community). We also interviewed 20 managerial and frontline staff of dementia service agencies, i.e. the health authority and the local Alzheimer Society (n = 11) and two immigrant-serving agencies (n = 9), each dedicated to either Punjabi or Korean-speaking clients. We adopted the Candidacy framework for understanding access to dementia services and supports and the concept of trust as guiding precepts in this study. Results: Families of persons with dementia are pivotal to identification of a problem requiring professional help, navigation to appropriate services and acceptance of services offered. However, trust in family members should not be taken for granted, since family dynamics are complex. Alternative sources of trusted support are therefore needed. Immigrant-serving agencies are more often instrumental in establishing trusted relationships between their staff and clients, but they often lack detailed knowledge about heath conditions, their treatment and management, and they lack power to implement statutory care. Conclusions: Partnerships between mainstream mental health/dementia services and the community sector have proven successful in increasing the accessibility of specialized resources, while maximizing their combined trustworthiness, accessibility and effectiveness. Such partnerships should become fundamental components of health service strategy and provision for vulnerable and underserved immigrant older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. To Be a Hindu Citizen: Politics of Dalit Migrants in Contemporary West Bengal.
- Author
-
Sinharay, Praskanva
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,NATIONALISM ,DALITS - Abstract
This paper looks at the relationship between caste, citizenship and nation through a study of Dalit refugee politics in the Indian border state of West Bengal. With the legal–official definition of the 'Indian' citizen being increasingly crafted along Hindu majoritarian lines, the marginalised sections of migrant communities live under perpetual threat of disenfranchisement. Drawing on fieldwork done in Namasudra-dominated villages in West Bengal, this paper shows how Dalit migrants could never fully integrate into the nation and had to repeatedly prove themselves as legitimate members of Indian society during processes of periodic scrutiny of national identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Using Narratives to Understand the Adaptation Process of an Ethnic Migrant Group from a Resilience Perspective—a Case Study of Cochin Jews in Israel.
- Author
-
Shahar, Eitan and Lavie-Ajayi, Maya
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,ISRAELI Jews ,JEWS ,SOCIAL history ,SOCIAL conditions of immigrants ,TWENTY-first century - Abstract
Research on immigrant adaptation has been criticized for ignoring the perspective of migrant communities, for framing migrants within a binary categorization of insiders/outsiders, and for focusing on the traumatic aspect of migration. This paper addresses these criticisms, by using a narrative approach to study the adaptation processes of one community of Jewish migrants from Cochin in India to Israel, from a resilience perspective. The study incorporates participant observations and life-story interviews with this first generation of migrants. The preeminent theme running through the life stories was that of the reconciliation of contrasts. This theme is demonstrated through identified patterns, in the life of the community, of both integration and separation from the wider society. The findings highlight the significant role played by cultural influences in the adaptation process and the potential that exists for active learning and the building of bridges to the inner world of migrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. No going back: COVID-19 disease threat perception and male migrants' willingness to return to work in India.
- Author
-
Arora, Varun, Chakravarty, Sujoy, Kapoor, Hansika, Mukherjee, Shagata, Roy, Shubhabrata, and Tagat, Anirudh
- Subjects
- *
COVID-19 , *RETURN migrants , *IMMIGRANTS , *MIGRANT labor , *CITIES & towns , *INTERNAL migration , *RISK perception - Abstract
• Examine link between perceived COVID-19 risk and return decision among migrants. • Use novel survey data of 495 reverse male migrants in India in april-may 2020. • Migrants with greater perceived COVID-19 infection risk less willing to return. • Impatience positively associated with greater willingness to return. • Higher recall of prevention strategies linked to lower perceived COVID-19 risk. This paper explores the causal link between the likelihood of re-migration to cities and the perceived threat of contracting COVID-19 using novel data on male reverse migrant workers in India. We find that reverse-migrants who believe there is a significant chance of contracting COVID-19 display a significantly lower likelihood of returning to their urban workplaces, regardless of their duration of migration. On the other hand, longer-duration migrants display a lower perceived chance of contracting COVID-19 than shorter-duration migrants. We also contribute to the migration literature by linking behavioural attributes to the decision to migrate. We find that more impatient individuals display a heightened belief regarding contracting COVID-19 and a higher projected likelihood of returning to work. Finally, we find that while both loss and risk-averse individuals have a lower projected likelihood of returning to urban workplaces, only loss-averse individuals perceive that their chance of contracting COVID-19 is lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. New aspects of Japan's immigration policies: is population decline opening the doors?
- Author
-
Akashi, Junichi
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION policy ,ECONOMIC Partnership Agreements (European Union) ,IMMIGRANTS ,SKILLED labor ,FOREIGN workers - Abstract
Copyright of Contemporary Japan - Journal of the German Institute for Japanese Studies, Tokyo is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The cross-border movement of Nepali labour migrants amidst COVID-19: challenges for public health and reintegration.
- Author
-
Neupane, Hem Raj, Brown, Philip, and Simkhada, Padam
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,PUBLIC health ,COVID-19 ,IMMIGRANTS ,COMMUNITIES - Abstract
The migration of Nepali workers to India for labour is a long-standing tradition and a common pattern of life in the region. As poverty and unemployment have been the main causes of migration, migration for work has helped maintain a standard of living particularly for low-skilled and low-income migrants. However, the COVID-19 pandemic made visible a policy vacuum relating to the connections between the mobility of labour migrants, economic resilience and public health. In the absence of effective policy, returnees have posed challenges for the Nepali state and posed risks for individual workers, households and the communities more broadly as a result of a lack of adequate support and planning. This paper reviews what we know about the return of Nepali labour migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the impacts this policy vacuum has had on public health consequences within the established social structure of Nepal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. From 'temporary migrants' to 'permanent residents': Indian H-1B visa holders in the United States.
- Author
-
Sahoo, AjayaK., Sangha, Dave, and Kelly, Melissa
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,INFORMATION technology ,SOCIAL sciences - Abstract
Literature on international migration from India in the past has focused on the formation and development of 'Indian diasporas'; that is, Indians who have moved to various parts of the world and maintain socio-economic, cultural and political lives in India as well as other countries. However, little attention has been paid toward 'temporary migrants' who have migrated to different countries with a temporary visa and in the course of time extended their visas to become 'permanent residents'. Temporary migration from India has become a common trend over the last two decades, especially since the acceleration of globalisation and the developments in the fields of information and communication technologies. Although it is argued that this type of migration took place in the past - for instance, Indians migrated to British, French, Dutch and Portuguese colonies during the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth centuries as indentured labourers for a period of three to five years and later extended their stays - what is new about the current trend is the new state policies of different host countries and the socio-economic and cultural background of the immigrants. This paper is an exploratory study of this contemporary phenomena of movement from 'temporary migrant' to 'permanent resident', a phenomena which has not been given much attention by academicians and policy makers in India. The present paper outlines this trend with an illustration of Indian H-1B visa holders in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Temporality of Migration: A Study of Past and Present Lives of Migrants in Narratives from India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.
- Author
-
Dash, Bibhudatta
- Subjects
NOSTALGIA ,IMMIGRANTS ,TIME perspective ,FAMILY relations ,SOCIAL facts ,NARRATIVES - Abstract
Often migrants are caught between spaces where they live negotiating between their past and present selves. A sense of nostalgia traps them from within, which gets reflected in comparative parameters through their interaction with the new place and culture, through changing frameworks of family and relations, and through varying levels of perceptions. As a social phenomenon, migration gets potent when seen through the perspectives of time, nostalgia, and memory. Temporality hence is closely connected to the understanding of the process of migration. This paper aims to analyze the conditions and situations that the migrants face when aspects of time and remembrance are brought together on a temporal scale of past and present from select migrant narratives of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
47. Cape Town Gujarati and its relation to Gujarati dialectology: A study of retroflex boosting.
- Author
-
Mesthrie, Rajend and Chavda, Vinu
- Subjects
DIALECTS ,GUJARATI language ,IMMIGRANTS ,SOCIOLINGUISTICS - Abstract
This paper has two purposes. Firstly, it provides a bird's eye view of the characteristics of a variety of Gujarati in diaspora, viz. that spoken in Cape Town, South Africa for almost 150 years. Secondly it focusses on one notable feature, viz. the prominence of retroflexes over dentals, and connects this with other dialects of Gujarati in India and with Western Indo-Aryan. We analyse the speech of 32 speakers born or brought up in South Africa, and resident in Cape Town. We show that Cape Town Gujarati retains the dialect variation of late nineteenth century Gujarati as identified by Grierson, Sir George A. 1908. Linguistic survey of India. Vol IX, part II: Indo-Aryan family, Central Group – Rajasthani and Gujarati. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. In particular, it resembles the Surti dialect, in keeping with the fact that the area around Surat district provided the bulk of migrants to Cape Town in the nineteenth and twentieth century. We then focus in detail on a prominent, but little-studied, phenomenon of Gujarati dialects: the variable occurrence of retroflex stops where Standard Gujarati has dentals [t̪ t̪
h d̪ d̪h ]. We demonstrate the considerable amount of such "retroflex boosting" in the Cape Town variety. We provide a detailed and replicable methodology from variationist sociolinguistics for studying this boosting that we believe illuminates the study of its occurrence in modern dialects in Gujarat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Government Policies for the Migrant Workforce in India: Endeavour towards Achieving Sustainable Development Goals.
- Author
-
Sahoo, Sanjaya Kumar and Swain, Sukanta Chandra
- Subjects
GOVERNMENT policy ,SUSTAINABLE development ,MIGRANT labor ,IMMIGRANTS ,LABOR supply ,EMPLOYEE rights - Abstract
The migrant workers having low skill are deprived of their basic rights. Further, they are working in the low paid salary and exploitative working conditions. The 8th Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) is to promote inclusive growth in a sustainable way by providing respectable job with augmented productivity for all. This goal is to protect the rights of all types of the labour including migrant labour, by providing safe and secure environment. The 10th SDG is to scale-down the level of inequality both internally and internationally. It is found that the country like India fails to achieve those objectives. In this Paper, the primary and secondary data is collected from different sources for a descriptive research study. For in-depth interviews, 100 migrant workers are selected on the basis of the convenient sampling. This research aims to analyze different government policies that may facilitate the migrant workers to achieve Sustainable Development Goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. ‘Not everyone can be a Gandhi’: South Asian-trained doctors immigrating to Canada, c. 1961–1971.
- Author
-
Wright, David and Mullally, Sasha
- Subjects
HISTORY of emigration & immigration ,IMMIGRANTS ,ASIANS ,ACCULTURATION ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,INTERVIEWING ,FOREIGN medical personnel ,MEDICAL practice ,RACE ,REFLECTION (Philosophy) ,QUALITATIVE research ,QUANTITATIVE research ,NARRATIVES - Abstract
Objectives. This paper will explore the social history of the transnational migration of foreign-trained doctors to western countries in the post-WWII era, by examining, as a case study, South Asian-trained doctors who were first licensed in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia between 1961 and 1971.Design. This article draws on both quantitative and qualitative primary sources. First, we analyzed the 1966 and 1971 copies of the Canadian Medical Directories (CMD), the annual compendium of all licensed practitioners in the country (over 20,000 practitioners). These CMD entries were supplemented by the annual returns of ‘intended occupation’ (those designated as ‘physician’ or ‘surgeon’) of landed immigrants to Canada, as compiled by the federal Department of Manpower and Immigration. Secondly, we analyzed testimony of 26 oral histories and narrative accounts of foreign-trained doctors being compiled as part of an ongoing multiyear program of research on the immigration of foreign-trained doctors to Canada. We have interviewed 14 doctors who, at one point in their career, practiced in Nova Scotia, 8 of whom were South Asian-trained medical practitioners. These oral interviews provide personal reflections on the process of professional and social acculturation that occurred as these foreign doctors settled in Canada.Results.The results of this paper indicate that the social history of the immigration of South Asian-trained doctors to Canada in the 1960s must be seen within a larger and more complicated pattern of the international migration of health care professionals. Indeed, the demand for foreign-trained doctors in Britain was in part a reflection of the out-migration of British-born doctors who were leaving the National Health Service for Canada, the USA, and Australia. And the demand in Canada for doctors was itself a reaction to the drift of a certain number of Canadian-trained doctors for advanced training in the USA.Conclusions. In this way, this article sheds important historical perspectives on the globalization of health human resources and the complicated, multiple migrations that continue to animate international health human resources today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Indian immigrants' constructions of mental health and mental illness in the perinatal period: A qualitative study.
- Author
-
Philip, Bridgit, Kemp, Lynn, Taylor, Christine, and Schmied, Virginia
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,CULTURAL awareness ,FEAR ,MENTAL health ,QUALITATIVE research ,MARRIAGE ,MENTAL illness ,INTERVIEWING ,JUDGMENT sampling ,PHOTOGRAPHY ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ANXIETY ,FAMILIES ,THEMATIC analysis ,RESEARCH methodology ,PREGNANCY complications ,PERINATAL period ,DISCLOSURE ,SELF-disclosure ,MENTAL depression ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,SOCIAL stigma ,PREGNANCY - Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to explore how immigrant women and men from India construct mental health and mental illness in the perinatal period. Design: Qualitative interpretive design. Methods: Data were collected by conducting in‐depth interviews with 19 participants. Photo elicitation, free listing and pile sorting were used during the interviews. Purposive sampling was used, and data were collected in 2018 and 2019. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Finding/Results: One major theme and three subthemes were identified. 'We do not talk about it' was the major theme and the subthemes: (1) 'living peacefully and feeling happy' described the views on mental health; (2) 'that's the elephant in the room still' captures how participants felt when talking about mental illness; and (3) 'why don't we talk about it' offers reasons why the Indian community does not talk about mental health and illness. Conclusion: The findings of this study have highlighted the importance of understanding the impact of immigration and being culturally sensitive when assessing mental health in the perinatal period. Impact: The findings of this study identify some of the reasons for non‐disclosure of mental health issues by immigrants. Incorporating these findings during psychosocial assessment by health professionals in the perinatal period will help translate the cultural aspects into more effective communication. Patient or Public Contribution: Patient and public contribution to the study was provided by the Community Stakeholders Group; these were members of the immigrant community from India who had expertise in mental health. They contributed to the study design and the key terms and phrases for the free list used in interviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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