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Wheat starch is the main business material in wheat. It has a variety of functional characteristics and broad development and utilization prospects. This article is based on a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of wheat starch patent literature. For global patent output, the current patent situation of wheat starch is clarified from many aspects such as distribution, time latitude, and patent applicants in the technical field. We focus on analyzing the public trend of patents in China, revealing the development trend of wheat starch industry in China. At present, the research on the impact of wheat starch has been slower than before, and the development trend is stable. The research institutions are mainly domestic; however, the industrialization of wheat starch is lacking in the industrialization of the application of the application of wheat starch. There is still a large room for the industrialization of wheat starch in many fields. In this paper, the functional properties of wheat starch, such as gelatinization, retrogradation, freeze-thaw stability and gel property were summarized. According to the functional characteristics of wheat starch, the quality of wheat starch-based food was improved to broaden the development channel of wheat starch. On this basis, this article proposes the potential direction and industrialization of wheat starch industrialization and industrialization, so as to provide scientific basis for discovering the value of wheat starch and the use of development of wheat starch in various aspects of my country's wheat starch [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on regional economic development theories, industrial development strategies implemented by governments can distort factor market allocations, change the viability of firms, and thus bring about structural changes in industries. How such policy changes will affect regional environmental performance has been relatively little discussed in the existing literature. This paper attempts to explain whether the implementation of an industrial catch-up development strategy can be a major influence on the level of regional environmental performance from the perspective of comparative advantage, and how this influence can be achieved by changing technological progress. As for the measurement of environmental performance, this paper innovatively adopts two improved measurements based on by-production technology theory to measure the regional environmental performance of Chinese provincial regions from 1997 to 2016. Moreover, the other main novelty is that it adopts Tobit regression models to explicitly explore the effective effects and impact mechanisms of government development strategies on regional environmental efficiency in China. The key findings are as follows (i) the implementation of an industrial catch-up development strategy that defies the comparative advantage of a region can lead to poor environmental performance. (ii). the comparative advantage defying strategy adopted by the eastern regions with higher level of economic development and the regions with priority protection of resources and environment has less inhibiting effect on environmental performance than the central and western regions. (iii). development strategy does impact environmental efficiency through technological progress; more precisely, through technology import and technological transformation rather than independent R&D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Natural Gas Industry is the property of Natural Gas Industry Journal Agency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Why do provincial governments change policy, even when those policies have proven successful? This paper explores a debate regarding the determinants of provincial policy choice and the degree of discretion provinces are permitted in this area. It does so by scrutinizing the shift in Guizhou's development policy from a poverty reduction orientation to a wholehearted pursuit of economic growth, urbanization and industrialization. In contrast to those who argue that central experience, prospects for promotion or local conditions are key factors explaining policy choice, the paper concludes that Guizhou's shift in policy had more to do with the backgrounds and experiences of top provincial leaders. The result has implications for our understanding of central–local relations and local government decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Purpose/significance] This paper used SWOT-QSPM model to explore the most suitable development strategy for China's technology transfer. Then, it studied the priorities of the various implementation options in this strategy, and proposed countermeasures. It provided theoretical models for the future research development of China‟s technology transfer. [Method/process] This paper comprehensively investigated the four influencing factors of advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats of China's technology transfer development status. Furthermore, it used the SWOT model to deeply analyze the development environment, relationship and trend of China's technology transfer, and thus obtained the most suitable development strategy. Then QSPM matrix was used to determine the priority of the four alternative options for this strategy, and finally it formulated countermeasures for implementation. [Result/conclusion] The most suitable competitive strategy for China's technology transfer was in a good development situation in which advantages and opportunities occupied a dominant position. And the most suitable strategy for future development was the SO aggressive strategy. What‟s more, the four options were in order of priority, followed by policy guidance, demand orientation, integrate development and service escort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of People & Nature is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To understand the trade war between the United States (US) and China, it is important to first discuss the underlying causes of the trade conflict. This paper mainly studies the main causes of the US-China trade war. By reviewing and analyzing the literature on China's economic development and the evolution of US-China relations, by comparing the impact of globalization on the US and China, and by exploring what can be learned from the US-Japan trade conflict to understand the current US-China situation. trade relations, research shows that there are three main forces triggering the US-China trade war. With different levels of importance, the three forces are globalization, different development strategies, and President Trump's political declarations. Through research proves that the US-China trade war is unavoidable under the recent geopolitical landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive opportunities in China's construction market attract many foreign construction enterprises, according to the National Bureau of Statistics of China 2021[1]. Foreign construction companies in this market do not exceed one percent of the total operating companies. This illustrates the amount of competition faced by these companies are very fierce. Foreign construction enterprises to seize the opportunities in this market, it is important to understand how to develop effective strategies in order to meet the competitiveness, they must understand how to adapt to China's legal, social, cultural, economic and technological environment along with changes brought about by competitors' advances and new needs of customers; they need to develop their capability to assess the opportunities, to secure their healthy growth, to survive, and achieve profits. This paper studied the current situation and the way for foreign construction enterprises to enter this market, the internal environment of Chinese construction market (PEST), and main types of foreign construction enterprise development strategy in this market, then find out the strengths in developing foreign firms businesses in this market, which are useful to understand the critical factors that are required to succeed, to develop strategic management guidelines for similar entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a theoretical basis for the concept of rebalancing and applies it to China, where it is currently a topical issue. Rebalancing here means the correction of economic and social imbalances built up during industrialization. This correction is accompanied by a structural transformation towards a more inward- and consumption-driven growth path, associated with growth slowdown. Attempts to mitigate this growth slowdown by either retarding this structural reform process or by using expansionary stimulus programmes as done over the past decade in China create new imbalances that have to be corrected (rebalanced) again. Managing these multiple rebalancing tasks together is a tremendous undertaking, as this paper shows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Off-site construction (OSC) has received increasing attention worldwide, given its advantages over conventional counterparts. However, the performance of OSC's practice has yet to be improved, despite the significant policy effort spent. This paper explores OSC project development strategy optimization from the synergetic perspective of the government and developers. A dynamic Stackelberg game is constructed and, after rigorous theoretical deductions, an example analysis is conducted to determine a proper algorithm for the model's solution. Using Changchun City, China, as an example, the data are collected from policy documents and public web information, and through use of the Delphi method. The optimal development strategies of the local government and developers and the influences of key parameters are then obtained. The synergetic optimization model proposed by this study is conducive to achieving a "win-win" goal of maximizing both developers' economic benefits and the total social benefits. This is a breakthrough in the previous research, contributing to effectively promoting OSC within and beyond the Chinese context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto is the property of Universidad de Deusto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Developing new energy vehicles (NEVs) is essential for China's automotive industry to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. The development of a NEV platform is an effective means for automotive companies to balance the development cost, development time, and product performance of NEVs. However, there is no clear solution to choosing new energy vehicle platform development strategies and models for automotive companies. This paper mainly studies the significance of NEV platform development, the classification and characteristics of NEV platforms, and the development strategies and trends of NEV platforms for automotive companies. The study results found that choosing a new dedicated electric platform (NDEP) is inevitable for the latest automotive companies, such as TESLA Motors. An adapted electric platform (AEP) is a temporary solution that meets the dual credits policy. It lacks competitiveness and has been gradually eliminated for the traditional automotive companies. The new dedicated electric platform is a longterm development solution when comprehensively considering the market, technology, and policy. The compatible platform (CP) is a transitional solution when considering the development trend of automotive powertrain, the market size of NEVs, and the platform technology of NEVs. Besides, joint development and shared use is the primary development model for the automotive enterprise in the future. Finally, companies should increase their research and development efforts on NEV architecture platforms to maximize platform-based development's scale effect and application value. The research can provide strategic guidance for automotive companies to develop NEV platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diversity of the old people's leisure ways in urban life has been paid more and more attention in China. As a way of intervention, community farm can better fit the slow pace of life of the elderly group. The paper discusses the design and operation strategy of community farm under the background of aging population in China, aiming to create a more suitable and comfortable living environment for the elderly group. The results will provide experience and theoretical guidance for the construction of community farms and elderly-oriented development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's coalbed methane (CBM) industry is in an extremely important "climbing period" and "strategic opportunity period", which can be generally characterized by "three low and one small": low degree of exploration and development, low adaptability of main technology, low return on investment and small development scale. Under the "carbon peak and neutrality" background, the development status of CBM industry is systematically combed. The resources, technology, management problems and reasons are analyzed. Strategies and countermeasures to accelerate the industrial development are put forward according to the factors such as efficient development of resources, major technical breakthrough, talent team training, policy formulation and implementation, return on investment and so on. The existing problems are as follows: (a) The overall occurrence conditions in China are complicated and the development is difficult compared with the other countries. (b) The research precision accuracy of CBM resource conditions is not enough. (c) The adaptability of technology is poor. (d) The management mode is not suitable. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward the "two steps" development strategy and the technical and management countermeasures of "five in one". The corresponding "five in one" technology and management countermeasures are the formulation and implementation of relevant safeguard measures in accordance with the principle of collaborative innovation in five aspects: resources, technology, talents, policies and investment. Through the above measures, the dream and grand blueprint of CBM industry shall be realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZHAO X. B. and TONG S. P. (2000) Unequal economic development in China: spatial disparities and regional policy reconsideration, 1985-1995, Reg. Studies 34, 549-561. Almost two decades into the implementation of Deng Xiaoping's 'get rich first' policy and 'coastal development strategy', income inequality and an imbalance in regional development have emerged as two of the most disturbing factors affecting contemporary China. This paper examines regional disparities in contemporary China and their changing trends and magnitude, based on a time series analysis of data sets for income and production across China for the last 10 years. This paper focuses on the examination of Gini-coefficients and coefficients of variation for two key economic indicators: GDP per capita and household income per capita at four levels of geographical aggregation - provincial, regional, urban and rural. Given that Chinese policy makers appear to have been strongly influenced by the two western theories of regional development (Williamson's inverted-U hypothesis and the centre-down paradigm), this paper includes a brief review of the two theories in a global context. The ndings of this research suggest that these two western regional development theories are rather ineffective and potentially detrimental when applied to China. It is time for Chinese policy makers to reconsider their existing prevailing 'get rich first' policy and 'coastal development strategy', and to focus more on the development of the inland regions. ZHAO X. B. et TONG S. P. (2000) Le développement économique irrégulier en Chine: écarts géographiques et remise en question de la politique régionale, entre 1985 et 1995, Reg. Studies 34, 549-561. Après deux décennies presque de la mise en oeuvre des politiques de Deng Xiaoping. à savoir 'priorité à l'enrichissement' et 'pour un développement côtier', l'écart des revenus et le déséquilibre régional se sont avérés deux des facteurs les plus inquiétants qui influent sur la Chine contemporaine. A partir d'une analyse d'une base de données en série temporellè a propos du revenu et de la production dans toute la Chine des dix dernières années, cet article cherchè a examiner les écarts régionaux de la Chine contemporaine, leurs tendances et leur importance. Cet article porte sur l'étude des coefficients-gini et des coefficients de variation pour deux clignotants économiques clés: à savoir, le PIB par tête et le revenu ménager par tête à quatre niveaux géographiques: provincial, régional, urbain et rural. Vu que les décideurs chinois ont été influencé fortement par deux théories occidentales d'aménagement du territoire (l'hypothèse de l'U-inversé de Williamson et le paradigme dit centre-down selon lequel la richesse de quelques régions aura un effet positif sur d'autres), cet article fait une critique brève des deux théories dans une optique globale. Les preuves laissent supposer que ces deux théories occidentales d'aménagement du territoire, appliquées à la Chine, sont quelque peu inefficaces et potentiellement nuisibles. Le moment est arrivé où les décideurs chinois devraient remettre en question les politiques en vigueur, à savoir 'priorité à l'enrichissement' et 'pour un développement côtier', et focaliser plus sur le développement des régions intérieures. ZHAO X. B. und TONG S. P. (2000) Ungleichmäßige wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in China: räumliche Disparitäten und Revision regionalpolitischer Überlegungen, Reg. Studies 34, 549–561. Nach nahezu zwei Jahrzehntcn der Implementation von Deng Xiaopings Politik nach dem Motto ‘erst einmal reich werden' und seiner ‘Strategie der Küstenentwicklung' haben sich Ungleichheit der Einkommen und Unausgeglichenheit der regionalen Entwicklung als die beiden Faktoren herausgestellt, die China nun am meisten zu schaffen machen. Dieser Aufsatz untcrsucht mit Hilfe einer Zeitserienanalyse der Datenreihen für Einkommen und Produktion in ganz China wa hrend der letztcn zehn Jahre regionale Disparitäten im heutigen China, sowie ihr Ausmaß und sich wandelnden Tendenzen. Der Aufsatz befaßt sich vorallem mit der Prüfung von Gini-Koeffizienten und Variationskoeffizienten für zwei wirtschaftliche Hauptindikatoren: pro-Kopf Bruttoinlandsprodukt und pro-Kopf Haushaltseinkommen auf jeweils vier Ebenen gcographischer Gesamtbevölkerung: der provinziellen, regionalen, städtischen und ländlichen. Angesichts der Tatsache, daß chinesische Parteiideologen anscheinend stark von zwei Regionalentwicklungstheorien des Westens (Williamsons umgekehrter U-Hypothese und dem Centre-down Paradigma) beein ußt sind, schließt dieser Aufsatz auch eine kurze Besprechung der beiden Theorien im globalen Zusammenhang ein Die Befunde dieser Forschungsarbeit legen nahe, daß diese zwci Regionalcntwicklungstheoricn des Westens sich ziemlich unwirksam und möglicherweise nachteilig für China erweisen. Für chinesische Parteiideologen ist es an der Zeit, ihre gegenwärtig vorherrschende, unter dem Motto ‘erst einmal reich werden' stehende Politik und die ‘Strategie der Küstenentwicklung' einer Überholung zu unterziehen, und sich verstärkt der Entwicklung im Innern des Landes zuzuwenden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facing the development trend of high-speed helicopters, this paper summarizes and reviews the development history of high-speed rotor aircraft. The performance analysis of high-speed rotorcraft is conducted compared with the traditional transport vehicles, such as helicopter, aviation aircraft, highway, and railway. Based on the potential civil market demand, the advantages and disadvantages of high-speed rotor vehicle in transportation system and emergency rescue system are discussed. It is clarified that civil high-speed rotorcraft has a clear strategic development position in China. On the one hand, it can be used as an important node in the whole traffic system and be integrated into the transportation application system with outstanding task performance. On the other hand, it can meet the requirements of agile response speed of rescue system for a medium- and long-range distance, which will fill the gaps in the existing helicopter application field. Finally, the key technologies of China’s future civil high-speed rotorcraft are prospected according to the key development configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Clean Coal Technology is the property of Clean Coal Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Social Sciences in China is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The development of higher education institutions is the inevitable path towards strong scientific research ability of higher education. Currently, under the impact of the strategies of developing world-class universities, and strengthening the core competitiveness of disciplines, higher education institutions in China are faced with immense challenges. Based on the cultivation of core competitiveness, this paper explores the evaluation and development strategies for the core competitiveness of higher education institutions. The results show that: core competitiveness is a comprehensive intangible ability, and improving core competitiveness helps to clarify the direction and enhancing the quality of talent training. The core competitiveness of China's higher education institutions has continued to improve, as evidenced by the growth in educational resources, educational fund, and scientific results. The core competitiveness of higher education can be evaluated by the following indexes: school-running philosophy, academic production capacity, management model innovation capacity, campus culture construction capacity, human resource management innovation capacity, and training model innovation capacity. The research results lay a theoretical basis for the reform of higher education institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the work of financial system engineering in China from 2010 to 2014, and further concludes future development strategies. Firstly, the research object and method are defined. Through literature documentation process with both China and abroad papers, statistics of Journals, research institutions, research team, and supported fund are obtained. Through Bradford and Lotka test, we conclude the current research status of financial system engineering development in China. Further, all research are classified into 9 main research questions, which are the key research questions during the past 5 years. Finally, we proposed development strategies for future development of financial system engineering research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medunarodni Problemi is the property of Institute of International Politics & Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

(School of Business, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China As a high-end intelligence-intensive industry and green industry, service outsourcing industry has the following features and advantages, no pollution, low energy, less land, less investment, high output and high efficiency. Service outsourcing industry has become the priority development direction of economic transformation and upgrading in Jiangsu Province. By using the SWOT analysis method, this paper deeply analyzes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the development of service outsourcing industry in Jiangsu Province. Besides, the paper also comes up with the realistic development strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With China' s sustainable development of economy and the increase of people's earnings, commercial and trading industry has become one of the most important industries which drive domestic consumption and regional economic growth. As one of China' s regional key cities and international harbors, Qingdao is of hub functions linking markets home and abroad. So, to probe development strategy of Qingdao' s commercial and trading industry is of realistic importance to optimization of urban function and promotion of construction of Qingdao City into regionally commercial and trading center. This paper begins with explanation of the present characters in Qingdao' s commercial and trading industry development. Then, the problems and their causes in the development of Qingdao' s commercial and trading industry are analyzed. Finally, from the perspective of urban function optimization, the paper puts forward ten strategies and four systems to be constructed in the development of Qingdao' s commercial and trading industry, with construction of regional commercial and trading center being taken as a strategic goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper integrates Delphi method into Scenario panning and proposes a four-step analytical procedure. • This paper uses the integrated method to analyze China's renewable energy development to 2030. • The three-dimensional scenario analytical framework composed of eight future scenarios is constructed. • This paper constructs the five development scenarios of China's renewable energy to 2030. • Policy guidance is supposed to pave the way to the development of China's renewable energy to 2030. Although scenario planning and the Delphi survey are widely used in long-term strategy planning, their combinations have not received enough attention, especially in the improvement of efficacy in scenario planning. The crucial step of scenario planning is the effective identification of the uncertain and most influential drivers and key factors. This paper integrates the Delphi survey into scenario planning. It proposes a four-step analytical procedure of Delphi survey-based scenario planning: identifying the key ingredients from Delphi results, establishing the causal relationships among key ingredients, scenario development, and scenario description. The integrated method has been adopted in the planning practice for the renewable energy development strategy towards 2030 in China. Based on the three uncertain and most influential drivers, "technology development," "ecological awareness," and "national energy pricing," most possibly influencing the renewable energy development towards 2030 in China, a novel three-dimensional scenario analytical framework composed of eight future scenarios is constructed. Considering the possibility in China's practice, five scenarios are selected as possible development scenarios of China's renewable energy towards 2030. This paper develops possible policy choices for each selected scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Owing to multiple superiorities to traditional counterparts, prefabricated construction (PC) has gained increasing attention worldwide. The development of PC projects reflects the effects of both policy supervision and PC practice, which aids the government in reasonably identifying the key issues of PC's promotion and rationally improving the policy deployment. However, existing studies fail to address this aspect, especially lacking quantitative exploration. This study explores the micro mechanism of PC's promotion, from the perspective of developing PC projects. Design/methodology/approach: A tripartite evolutionary game model based on prospect theory of the government, developers and contractors is constructed. After rigorous theoretical deduction, this study adopts Changchun in China as a case city and collects the data using the Delphi technique, policy documents and literature analysis. Findings: Results indicate that contractors are generally willing to implement PC projects and the government chooses to actively supervise PC's promotion. The negative investment behavior of developers is the main obstacle to promote PC in Changchun currently. Practical implications: The conclusions are applicable to other comparable regions. This study is of value to promote PC with high efficiency and effect. Originality/value: The tripartite evolutionary game model based on prospect theory proposed in this study is conducive to reveal the essence of PC's promotion. This is an important breakthrough in extant studies, with a broad applicability in the PC domain beyond China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) can influence marine stratifications, leading to fuel nutrition in the upper ocean and regulating ocean carbon fluxes. Evaluating this dynamic effect facilitates the planning of OWFs deployment for enlarging marine carbon sequestration, which is urgent in the pursuit of China's carbon neutrality targets. However, it is impossible to observe the target influence in the planning stage of deployments, and it is impractical to build a high-resolution (100~101 m) model to cover the entire waters adjacent to China. The theoretical calculations, therefore, are the first step and top priority. The simplified theory presents two suggestions in the design of future OWF deployments in the study area. The first suggestion is made from the perspective of OWF positioning. To the east of the cities of Zhoushan, Putian, and Shantou, the oceans are dynamically sensitive to OWF deployments. The second suggestion is made from the perspective of the length scale of OWFs. A broader OWF results in a smaller vertical disturbance in the coastal waters, but the situation is opposite in the open seas. The OWF deployment strategy, proposed in the aim of ensuring idealized marine stratification responses, thus varies geographically. This study provides a panoramic view of the sensitivity of marine stratification to OWFs in the study regions. It can be seen as a steppingstone in detailed research of the target phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhang, Z.Z.; Sun, W., and Yu, Y.L., 2020. Research on the development of marine regional e-commerce based on the analysis of cloud computing and grey prediction method. In: Bai, X. and Zhou, H. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 115, pp. 333-337. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. China's e-commerce is booming and has become the largest Internet market in the world. At the same time, with the development of cloud computing, Internet of things and other information technologies, the rapidly expanding data has brought mankind into the era of big data. It has become possible to use big data technology to analyze the development of e-commerce industry chain in Marine areas and provide corresponding guidance. Due to different regional economic development status, e-commerce infrastructure construction, regional residents' online shopping habits and other differences in the development level of regional e-commerce. Based on the grey system theory, this paper collects the variation data of Marine regional gross output value, and USES MATLAB software to predict the variation trend of the third-party e-commerce trading platform and create the idea of regional product integration service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's One Belt One Road (OBOR) centres on building a harmonious world, by reorienting the already tumultuous international community, towards the path of sustainable, peaceful and harmonious coexistence. From a cultural perspective, the OBOR is a heritage, an embodiment of brilliant civilization, glorious historic past and extraordinary creativity of mankind. It harbours both tangible and intangible representations of the values, beliefs, traditions and lifestyles of prior generations that are valuable to the present generations. Evidence of historical socioeconomic development and intricacies thrived on the exchange of cultural values shared by all mankind. By drawing from diverse conceptual frameworks embedded in traditional Chinese cultural values, the study offers an insightful illustration of cultural practices in contemporary China's socioeconomic development through the OBOR. Capturing how cultural values underpins the socioeconomic development pattern in OBOR, geopolitical decisions and actions aimed at managing conflicts and the inclusive nature of OBOR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzed from the perspective of the international competition of the backward international status of China's sugar industry. Based on Thailand, Australia and Brazil sugar industry development mode, the strategy was claimed which include planting, processing and deep processing of the three main components of sugar industrial chain, as well as three-level of the industry, the market and the financial resources. The ultimate goal of the strategy was designed to seize the international voice of china's sugar-related products. Also, China's sugar industry financial engineering support system was analyzed and developed by using the industry financial engineering theory and related methods. Finally, Planting support system and related issues were given as case studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: As an important central city of Shandong Peninsula, Qingdao is faced with new challenges once more, with the development of economic globalization and regional integration. In this paper, the industries competitive in Qingdao were analyzed and discussed by area commercial law. The strategies and suggestions were proposed to promote the development of important industries, from aspects of government coordination, industry structure, enterprise core competitiveness, brand economic, etc. These strategies for industrial clusters will provide important references for economy development of Qingdao and Shandong Peninsula. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper assesses the evolution of regional disparities in China, and brings information and trends up to date. Based on this assessment, it presents the broad outline of a strategy to harmonize growth and regional equity. We consider three elements of this strategy: infrastructure, social investment and protection, and governance reform. Specific policies within this broad strategy are then discussed in light of international experience. We also propose that the Chinese government take an experimental approach to interventions, as it did in the early period of agricultural reforms, learning lessons from the outcomes before scaling up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The central government of China recently mapped out an important strategy on “building a new countryside” to overall coordinate urban and rural development and gear up national economic growth. This paper analyzes the potential factors influencing the building of a new countryside in China, and provides a critical discussion of the problems and implications concerning carrying out this campaign, from a geographical perspective. To some extent, regional discrepancies, rural poverty, rural land-use issues and the present international environment are four major potential factors. Our analyses indicated that land consolidation, praised highly by the governments, is not a panacea for China''s rural land-use issues concerning building a new countryside, and the key problem is how to reemploy the surplus rural labors and resettle the land-loss farmers. More attentions should be paid to caring for farmers’ future livelihoods in the process of implementing the strategy. The regional measures and policies concerning building a new countryside need to take the obvious regional discrepancies both in physical and socio-economic conditions into account. In a World Trade Organization (WTO) membership environment, efficient land use for non-agricultural economic development, to some extent, needs to be a priority in the eastern region instead of blindly conserving land to maintain food security, part task of which can be shifted to the central region and the northeastern region. More preferential policies should be formulated to reverse the rural brain–drain phenomenon. Based on the analyses and the complexity of China''s rural problems, the authors argue that building new countryside in China will be an arduous task and a long road, the target of which is hard to achieve successfully in this century. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Trilemma situations, which have long been the subject of lively discussion in economics in many fields, indicate risks of instability and unsustainability. This article shows that China has also been facing a political-economy trilemma (and thus the ongoing danger of unsustainability of its development strategies) for 70 years now and has reacted differently to it in different eras. The article distinguishes three epochs: the Mao era (1949–1978), the Deng era (1979–2011), and the Xi era (2012–). It argues that in all three epochs basically the same main objectives were pursued (economic growth/convergence; stability; and the maintenance of a one-party communist rule system), but with different priorities and with different instruments. It is shown that the Mao- as well as the Deng-development strategies related to these goals ultimately failed due to increasing systemic imbalances. Now the question arises whether the Xi strategy, which relies on partly new instruments, namely the nationalism map, the BRI program and digital surveillance, will be better able to control the unsustainability threat hidden in the trilemma. In addition, the article discusses possible strategy alternatives to overcome the trilemma problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article investigates how e-commerce industry in China can achieve high levels of development under such circumstances. In order to better explore the development strategies of China's e-commerce industry, researchers have already introduced PEST analysis or SWOT analysis, however past studies concentrated exclusively on the main 'net effects' of these analysis. Because of the complex reality in which the phenomena of e-commerce industry, PEST embedded SWOT analysis can provide a more accurate understanding of how e-commerce industry in China can maintain the healthy and stable development. Applying this theory, the article seeks to determine all the possible factors that build strong development of e-commerce industry in China. To address the question of this research, the study employs PEST embedded SWOT analysis which proposes industry analysis framework of the development strategy of China's e-commerce industry. Future research can consider other possible combinations and explore how the impact of these factors on development strategy of China's e-commerce industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development trend of China's study abroad is predicted by using the gray GM (1,1) model on base of researching about the condition of China's study abroad. And the results show that there is positive correlation between study abroad education and China's economic growth. While the number of students who studying abroad keeps a trend of rapid development. Finally, the countermeasures are given to the development of China's study abroad in the future and it provides practical basis and theoretical guidance to the development of study abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's development over the last few decades has been characterized by high rates of economic growth, large-scale migration from rural areas to the fast-growing cities accompanied by changes in lifestyles, and steady population growth. These developments have left deep marks on resource availability and quality. In this article we conduct a scenario analysis of how lifestyle changes and other major developments might affect water resources. China has the longest tradition in river and water resource management in the world. Its civilization has sought to control the effects of floods and drought for thousands of years and has utilized water flows for irrigation and navigation. In the last century, competing uses such as domestic, municipal, and industrial water consumption have also become reasons for the regulation of and large-scale abstraction of water. To investigate the major changes in economy and society and their effects on the water situation in China, a set of scenarios is developed and analyzed within a structural economics framework. A hydrological model that represents water flows in the major watersheds is linked to a regional input-output model that represents socioeconomic activities in the major economic-administrative regions of China. The regional analysis shows that the North and Northwest regions are water-scarce and that lifestyle changes and technical shifts are the most important factors driving future water consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The post–war development of industrialised nations has been led by the idea of a welfare state. On the other hand, research on current and former communist states is still dominated by an age–old notion of ‘state socialism’. This article provides a critical assessment of the two conventional paradigms by reviewing their implications within the historical and international contexts. By tracing its ideological roots and contrasting with the changing reality, it is argued that state socialism was misused in representing Marxist guidelines and is outdated in characterising the reforming socialist societies. By emphasising the experience of developing nations the article further challenges the welfare state as the paradigm for studying the general direction of a modern society. Attention is drawn to the study of a general public policy, and the economic state model is revisited for conceptualising the experience of a non–welfare state nation such as China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is endowed with rich rural hydropower. According to the latest National Rural Water Resources Survey, the technically feasible potential amounts to 128GW, mainly distributed in the central and west part of China as well as those ethic regions, which are less developed but more populated. With the support of the Chinese government's policy of 'Self Construction, Self Management and Self Utilization', Small Hydropower development has been scaled up. Thanks to the Small Hydropower (SHP) development and the grid construction, nowadays about one half of the territory, one third of the counties and 300 million rural population in China have access to electricity. The practice of China to realize rural electrification through SHP has attracted the attention of the world community including the United Nations. In future, China will continue to enhance the rural hydropower development and the environmental protection under the framework of the Renewable Energy Master Plan. Its experiences and technology could be learned by other developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]