672 results
Search Results
2. Cutting fluid behavior under consideration of chip formation during micro single-lip deep hole drilling of Inconel 718.
- Author
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Oezkaya, Ekrem, Baumann, Andreas, Michel, Sebastian, Schnabel, Dirk, Eberhard, Peter, and Biermann, Dirk
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,DRILLING & boring ,PARTICLE image velocimetry ,INCONEL ,COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics ,DISCRETE element method ,PAPER arts - Abstract
When micro-single-lip deep hole drilling the efficiency of the cutting fluid supply cannot be investigated experimentally due to the inaccessibility of the cutting zone. For this reason, this paper examines the cutting fluid behavior, taking into account the chip formation and the transient chip position, with the help of various combined simulation methods. Therefore, experimentally obtained chips are digitalized and converted into a Computer-Aided Design model for the following simulations. Furthermore, for a comparison of the simulations with the experiments, the velocity of the cutting fluid in the chip flute of the tool is measured by a similar Particle Image Velocimetry method. Then, a transient coupled particle simulation of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics and the Discrete Element Method is performed to obtain the transient chip positions along the chip flute under the influence of the cutting fluid. Based on these chip positions, a Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation follows to derive insights about the flow field and pressure field at certain points in time. This multi-physics simulation chain allows to deal with experimental results in a simulation context to gain further insights about the deep hole drilling process, which are experimentally inaccessible and allows further connections between experiment and simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Tool wear in dry turning and wet turning with non-toxic cutting fluid
- Author
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Ozimina, Dariusz, Madej, Monika, Kowalczyk, Joanna, Ozimina, Ewa, and Plaza, Stanislaw
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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4. Experimental Research on the Supply of Working Fluid for Fixed Diamond Wire Slicing Based on Ultrasonic Capillary Effect.
- Author
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Zhao, Junying, Shen, Luqi, Zhang, Chunwei, and Wang, Yanqing
- Subjects
ULTRASONIC waves ,CUTTING fluids ,SILICON wafers ,ULTRASONIC effects ,ELECTRIC power production - Abstract
Thin wafers and thin wires are beneficial to the photovoltaic industry for reducing costs, increasing efficiency, and reducing the cost of electricity generation. It is a development trend in solar silicon wafer cutting. Thin wire cutting reduces the kerf between silicon wafers to less than 50 μm. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to supply cutting fluid to the cutting area. And this affects cutting performance. This paper proposes the use of the capillary effect produced by ultrasonic waves in fixed diamond wire slicing to improve the cutting fluid supply and reduce wafer adsorption. To explore the rules of ultrasonic capillary action between two plates and guide the industrial applications, the effects of the distance between parallel plates, the distance from the bottom of the parallel plates to the ultrasonic radiation surface, the non-parallelism between the plates, the temperature of the working fluid, the ultrasonic action time, and the type of working fluid on the liquid level rise height were studied. The conclusions can be used to guide the improvement of the supply of working fluid in fixed diamond wire slicing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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5. Development of an Intelligent Milling Tool System.
- Author
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Chih-Cheng Lo, Kuo-Ming Sun, Hung-Ying Chen, Chia-Liang Tseng, Liang-Yu Lu, Lian-Wang Lee, Wei-Zhen Su, Te-Jen Su, and Chien-Yu Lu
- Subjects
MILLING (Metalwork) ,FLEXIBLE printed circuits ,INDUSTRIAL safety ,MILLING-machines ,CUTTING fluids ,MILLING cutters ,COMPUTER monitors - Abstract
In this paper, we focus on the temperature sensing and data collection of milling tools during the machining process. The collected data is visualized in real-time dynamic charts using the ThingSpeak platform. In case of temperature abnormalities, users are notified via LINE for inspection or tool replacement. The control system is implemented using a flexible printed circuit board embedded within the concentric cylinder of the milling cutter's handle. The Arduino programming language is used for programming, and temperature measurement is achieved through a K-type thermocouple module combined with an ESP32 microcontroller, utilizing Wi-Fi to transmit data to the ThingSpeak platform for real-time monitoring on computer screens. The system's advantage lies in enabling users to monitor the temperature of milling tools, preventing tool dullness or damage, and improving machining accuracy by reducing the frequency of tool replacement. This system is particularly suitable for milling machines that use cutting fluid. Temperature abnormalities indicate a decrease in cutting capability owing to tool dullness, resulting in increased heat generation during cutting or the insufficient cooling capacity of the cutting fluid with respect to the heat generated during cutting. Such alerts allow timely inspection or tool replacement. However, most modern milling machines come equipped with their own monitoring systems for tool wear and temperature. Hence, in this paper, we primarily focus on monitoring milling tool temperature. The uppertemperature limit for alerting is set at 290 °C on the basis of the expected hardness of tungsten carbide, which is suitable for machining up to this temperature. Currently, a warning temperature of 200 °C is used. This enables users to determine the condition of the tool during operation, ensuring safer use and facilitating better quality control and industrial safety for manufacturers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. A Knowledge Push Approach to Support the Green Concept Design of Products.
- Author
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Li, Xinnian, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Wu, and Zeng, Kehua
- Subjects
SUSTAINABLE design ,GREEN technology ,PRODUCT design ,CUTTING fluids ,RANDOM fields ,CONCEPTUAL design ,SUSTAINABLE architecture - Abstract
With the development of the manufacturing industry, environmental problems have become more and more serious. At present, green design is playing an increasingly important role in product design and manufacturing. How to combine traditional conceptual design methods with green designs to realize green conceptual design is of great practical significance. In order to realize the green concept design of a product and to allow the conceptual design scheme to meet the functional requirements and green performance requirements of the product at the same time, this study introduces the knowledge push process and the green filter process into product concept design. The knowledge of invention principles is retrieved by establishing the knowledge space of invention principles, by calculating the word segmentation based on the CRF (conditional random field), and calculating the word similarity using a thesaurus. This is performed in order to realize the transformation from product function requirements to invention principle knowledge. Then, by studying the relationship among the environmental efficiency factors, green design attributes, engineering technical parameters, and invention principles, the correlation mapping table for green design attributes and invention principles is established. Thus, the green filter is applied to the pushed knowledge according to the green performance requirements, so that the final push results after filtering can meet the functional and green performance requirements of the product. In the last section of this paper, a green concept design for cutting the fluid supply system in an enterprise is presented as an example to verify and analyse the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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7. Machinability Investigations Based on Tool Wear, Surface Roughness, Cutting Temperature, Chip Morphology and Material Removal Rate during Dry and MQL-Assisted Milling of Nimax Mold Steel.
- Author
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Binali, Rüstem, Demirpolat, Havva, Kuntoğlu, Mustafa, and Sağlam, Hacı
- Subjects
MACHINABILITY of metals ,SURFACE roughness ,CUTTING fluids ,STEEL ,WEAR resistance ,STEEL analysis - Abstract
Using cutting fluids is considered in industrial applications and academia due to their increased influence over many aspects such as machinability, sustainability and manufacturing costs. This paper addresses the machinability perspective by examining indicators such as roughness, cutting temperature, tool wear and chip morphology during the milling of mold steel. A special type of steel is Nimaxm which is a difficult-to-cut material because of its high strength, toughness, hardness and wear resistance. Since mold steels have the reverse geometry of the components produced by this technology, their surface quality and dimensional accuracy are highly important. Therefore, two different strategies, i.e., dry and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), were chosen to conduct an in-depth analysis of the milling performance during cutting at different cutting speeds, feed rates and cutting depths. Without exception, MQL technology showed a better performance than the dry condition in obtaining better surface roughnesses under different cutting parameters. Despite that only a small improvement was achieved in terms of cutting temperature, MQL was found to be successful in protecting the cutting tool from excessive amounts of wear and chips. This paper is anticipated to be a guide for manufacturers and researchers in the area of mold steels by presenting an analysis of the capabilities of sustainable machining methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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8. Study on the resistance coefficient of hot dry rock cuttings in Herschel-Bulkley fluid: experiments and modeling.
- Author
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Wang, Lei, Li, Jinhui, Zhao, Jianjun, Wang, Shuolong, and Chu, Zheng
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,GEOTHERMAL wells ,DRY friction ,DRILLING fluids ,DRILLING muds ,PREDICTION models ,GRANITE ,WATER jets - Abstract
Most hot dry rock geothermal wells are small angle directional wells, and rock cuttings easily accumulate at the bottom of the borehole to form a cuttings bed, causing accidents such as drill sticking, reducing the rate of penetration, and drilling tool breakage. Accurately calculating the resistance coefficient and settling velocity of hot dry rock cuttings can improve cuttings transportation efficiency, design and optimize drilling hydraulic parameters, and is crucial to solving borehole cleaning problems. Through visual experiments, this paper obtained experimental data on the settlement of 167 groups of spherical pellets, 153 groups of granite cuttings, and 174 groups of carbonate cuttings in the Herschel-Bulkley fluid. First, a prediction model for the resistance coefficient of spherical pellets consistent with Herschel-Bulkley fluid was established. Based on this, form factor-Roundness is introduced as the starting point, and two prediction models for the resistance coefficients of granite cuttings and carbonate cuttings in the Herschel-Bulkley fluid were established. The average relative errors between the resistance coefficient model predictions and experimental measurements are 9.61% for granite cuttings and 6.59% for carbonate cuttings. The average relative errors between the predicted and measured values of settlement velocity are 7.27% for granite cuttings and 6.21% for carbonate cuttings, respectively, which verifies the accuracy and reliability of the prediction model. The research results can provide a theoretical basis and engineering application guidance for optimizing drilling fluid rheology and circulation displacement in engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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9. Study on settling characteristics of rock cuttings from terrestrial high clay shale in power-law fluid.
- Author
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Wang, Qing, Zhang, Jiawei, Bi, Chenguang, Liu, Xiaoao, Ji, Guodong, Yu, Jinping, Sheng, Yanan, and Zhang, Bo
- Subjects
SHALE ,DRAG coefficient ,CUTTING fluids ,GAS well drilling ,DRILLING fluids ,SHALE oils - Abstract
In the process of oil and gas drilling, it is of great significance to accurately predict the drag coefficient and settling rate of cuttings in the drilling fluid for hydraulic parameters and borehole cleaning. In this paper, particle settling experiments were used to obtain the final settling velocity of 196 groups of spherical particles and 224 groups of terrestrial high-clay pure-shale cuttings in the power-law fluid. Based on data analysis, a settlement drag coefficient model suitable for irregular- shaped shale cuttings was established. The model can be used to predict the settlement drag coefficient and settling velocity of irregular-shaped shale cuttings in power-law fluid, which can provide theoretical guidance for wellbore cleaning and hydraulic parameter optimization in Daqing Gulong shale oil drilling operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Vegetable based cutting fluid for metal cutting operation: A review.
- Author
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Ladakhi, T. Y., Sharma, S., Pradhan, B. B., and Tiwary, A. P.
- Subjects
MACHINING ,HARD materials ,METAL cutting ,CUTTING fluids ,VEGETABLE oils ,VEGETABLES ,SURFACE roughness - Abstract
Fluids used for metal cutting have a massive negative effect on human fitness and surrounding bionomics, thereby giving rise to a serious risk to the reliable evolution of the international manufacturing industry. Rejection or replacement of conventional lubricants results in the depletion of cost for operation as well as there will be an impact on environment related with the use, refinement and disposal of fluids for metalworking. Although, conventional lubricating processes are still extensively used while machining materials which are "difficult to cut", with the point to improve the life of tool and acquire a better surface roughness. The machining with lubricants is commonly executed on the hard to cut materials. It has been revealed that more than 85% of the lubricants applied in metal cutting sectors for cutting are mineral-based that are extremely toxin. Since we know that more than two-thirds of the lubricants for disposals returns to the surrounding with no process of purification, thus, requisite procedures are demanded to decrease the consumption of fuel. Moreover, less injurious variety of lubricants should be recognized and used. This paper presents an analysis on a number of papers published with reference to its application with various types of vegetable oils which is considered as a biodegradable oil used as a cutting fluid when machining superalloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Properties of Diamond-like Tungsten-Doped Carbon Coatings Lubricated with Cutting Fluid.
- Author
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Radoń-Kobus, Krystyna, Madej, Monika, Kowalczyk, Joanna, and Piotrowska, Katarzyna
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,DIAMOND-like carbon ,TUNGSTEN ,LUBRICATED friction ,PROTECTIVE coatings ,PHYSICAL vapor deposition - Abstract
In this paper, the authors investigated the impact of DLC coatings doped with tungsten (a-C:H:W) coatings obtained using plasma-assisted physical vapor deposition (PVD) on the properties of the 100Cr6 steel. The results of the 100Cr6 steel specimens with and without the coating were compared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were used to observe the morphology of the coating surfaces and cross-sections and identify the elements in the coating composition. The contact angle of the investigated surfaces was measured with a tensiometer. Additionally, the effect of the coatings on the tribological properties of lubricated friction pairs was evaluated. Friction tests were performed on a ball-on-disc tribometer under lubrication with cutting fluid. The surface texture of the samples before and after the tribological tests was measured using a confocal profilometer. The results obtained from the tests and analysis allow for the conclusion that the use of DLC coatings a-C:H:W increases the hardness of 100Cr6 steel by three times. The values of the contact angles were indicative of surface hydrophilic characteristics. The tungsten-doped diamond-like coating under friction conditions reduced the coefficient of friction and wear. DLC coatings a-C:H:W lubricated with the cutting fluid improve the mechanical and tribological properties of 100Cr6 steel sliding surfaces under friction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Optimization techniques for energy efficiency in machining processes—a review.
- Author
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abdelaoui, Fatima Zohra El, Jabri, Abdelouahhab, and Barkany, Abdellah El
- Subjects
METALWORK ,MATHEMATICAL optimization ,POWER resources ,MANUFACTURING processes ,NATURAL resources ,CUTTING fluids ,MACHINING ,ENERGY consumption - Abstract
Metal working process is one of the main activities in mechanical manufacturing industry; it is considered as a major consumer of energy and natural resources. In material removal process, the selection of cutting parameters and cooling or cutting liquid is necessary to save energy and achieve energy efficiency as well as sustainability. During the last two decades, the number of publications in this field has rapidly increased and has shown the importance of this research area. This review paper identifies and reviews in detail a total of 166 scientific studies which exhibit original contributions to the field and address multiple energy efficiency challenges. The recently developed models of energy consumption and different materials used in the machining process are presented. Therefore, this study describes various techniques for modeling and optimizing machining operations such as turning, milling, and drilling. Modeling techniques, experimental methods, multi-objective and single-objective optimization methods, and hybrid techniques optimization are presented in a detailed manner compared to previous review papers where only energy models are discussed. It can help practitioners and researchers to select the most appropriate approach for the desired experience and to highlight the progress of these methods in terms of machining energy efficiency. Additionally, this paper provides a review of different cutting fluids adopted in machining processes. This paper assists researchers and manufacturers in making advantageous technical decisions that have substantial economics in terms of energy saving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. The Study Of Metalworking Fluids Biodegradability By Indirect Measurement Of Bacterial Inoculum Respiration
- Author
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Tomáš Štefko, Tomas Skulavik, Kristína Gerulová, and Ondrej Tatarka
- Subjects
Cutting Fluids ,Materials science ,Waste management ,Modified method ,Biodegradation ,Metalworking Fluids ,Pulp and paper industry ,Carbon dioxide ,biodegradability ,Respiration ,Metalworking ,Emulsion ,lcsh:TA401-492 ,CO2 ,lcsh:Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials - Abstract
An apparatus for measuring biodegradability of metalworking fluids (MWFs) was constructed according to (1), based on the Zahn-Wellens test which enables a continuous determination of CO2 production by the change in conductivity of absorption solution. Results obtained from the testing of 8 different MWFs by this modified method were compared to those obtained in standardized OECD 302 B. The comparison showed better description of bacterial inoculum activity in tested solution; lag phase was easy to indicate. Tested emulsion achieved the level of primary degradability 39.7 – 40.8 %, and semi-synthetics 19.1 – 43.5%. The samples of synthetics where the degradation level reached 43.9 - 58.6 % were identified as the most degradable metalworking fluids.
- Published
- 2015
14. Evaluation of subcooled MQL in cBN hard turning of powder-based Cr-Mo-V tool steel using simulations and experiments.
- Author
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Laakso, Sampsa V.A., Mallipeddi, Dinesh, and Krajnik, Peter
- Subjects
TOOL-steel ,SURFACE strains ,CUTTING fluids ,CUTTING force ,SUBCOOLED liquids ,METAL cutting - Abstract
Metal cutting fluids for improved cooling and lubrication are an environmental risk and a health risk for workers. Minimizing water consumption in industry is also a goal for a more sustainable production. Therefore, metal cutting emulsions that contain hazardous additives and consume considerable amounts of water are being replaced with more sustainable metal cutting fluids and delivery systems, like vegetable oils that are delivered in small aerosol droplets, i.e., via minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). Since the volume of the cutting fluid in MQL is small, the cooling capacity of MQL is not optimal. In order to improve the cooling capacity of the MQL, the spray can be subcooled using liquid nitrogen. This paper investigates subcooled MQL with machining simulations and experiments. The simulations provide complementary information to the experiments, which would be otherwise difficult to obtain, e.g., thermal behavior in the tool-chip contact and residual strains on the workpiece surface. The cBN hard turning simulations and experiments are done for powder-based Cr-Mo-V tool steel, Uddeholm Vanadis 8 using MQL subcooled to −10 °C and regular MQL at room temperature. The cutting forces and tool wear are measured from the experiments that are used as the calibration factor for the simulations. After calibration, the simulations are used to evaluate the thermal effects of the subcooled MQL, and the surface residual strains on the workpiece. The simulations are in good agreement with the experiments in terms of chip morphology and cutting forces. The cutting experiments and simulations show that there is only a small difference between the subcooled MQL and regular MQL regarding the wear behavior, cutting forces, or process temperatures. The simulations predict substantial residual plastic strain on the workpiece surface after machining. The surface deformations are shown to have significant effect on the simulated cutting forces after the initial tool pass, an outcome that has major implications for inverse material modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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15. Effect of Cutting Fluid on Milled Surface Quality and Tool Life of Aluminum Alloy.
- Author
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Pang, Shuoshuo, Zhao, Wenxiang, Qiu, Tianyang, Liu, Weiliang, Yan, Pei, Jiao, Li, and Wang, Xibin
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,ALUMINUM alloys ,METAL cutting ,ETHANOL ,CUTTING force ,QUALITY of life - Abstract
The machining process of aluminum alloy usually produces built-up edge and tool sticking problems due to their low hardness and large plastic deformation, which may further affect the machined surface quality and tool life. This paper aims to investigate the influence of different cutting fluids on the machined surface quality and tool life during the milling process of 7050 aluminum alloy. A novel cutting fluid (QC-2803) was considered in the study, which is synthesized by addition of alkyl alcohol amide and chlorinated polyolefin, and the traditional cutting fluid (CCF-10) was used as the control group. The physical and chemical properties of two cutting fluids were characterized. The milling process of 7050 aluminum alloy was carried out under two different cutting fluid conditions. The machined surface morphology, cutting force and tool wear morphology were observed during the process. Results show that the surface tension of the novel cutting fluid is significantly lower than that of the traditional cutting fluid, which makes it easier to produce a lubricating film between the aluminum alloy and tool, and further benefits the machined surface quality and tool life. As a result, the surface roughness and cutting force are reduced by ~20.0% and ~42.9%, respectively, and the tool life is increased by 25.6% in the case of the novel cutting fluid (QC-2803). The results in this paper revealed the important laws of cutting fluid with metal surface quality, cutting performance and tool wear, which helps to control the machined surface quality and tool life by the selection of cutting fluid during metal milling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. A short review on hybrid nanofluids in machining processes.
- Author
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Dubey, Vineet and Sharma, Anuj Kumar
- Subjects
NANOFLUIDS ,HEAT transfer fluids ,MACHINING ,CUTTING fluids ,TEMPERATURE control ,HEAT transfer - Abstract
In every conventional machining process interaction of tool interface with that of workpiece results in high temperatures and thermal distortions. Such distortions may lead to change in the surface morphology of the machined workpiece, thus harming the desired finishing of the product. The use of nanofluids as a coolant over traditional cutting fluid help in minimising such problems. In continuation to the past research on nanofluids, the use of hybrid nanofluids in machining operations is attracting the researchers. The synthesis of hybrid nanofluid is done by dispersing two different nanoparticle in traditional heat transfer fluid which can be seen as efficient coolant and lubricant. The hybrid nanofluids are found favourable in terms of thermo physical properties, heat transfer rate and stability. This has led to increase in research on hybrid nanofluids over mono type nanofluids. This paper summarises the application of hybrid nanofluids by various researchers in different machining operations namely turning, grinding, and drilling. Furthermore, the paper deals with the tribological properties of different hybrid nanofluid and the temperature control in the machining operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. State-of-the-Art in Sustainable Machining of Different Materials Using Nano Minimum Quality Lubrication (NMQL).
- Author
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Kumar, Avinash, Sharma, Anuj Kumar, and Katiyar, Jitendra Kumar
- Subjects
MACHINING ,CUTTING fluids ,NANOFLUIDS ,MANUFACTURING industries ,LUBRICATION & lubricants - Abstract
In the manufacturing industry, during machining, the conventional cutting fluid plays a vital role; however, extravagant use of cutting fluids due to its disposal affects the environment badly. Nowadays, due to these advantages of conventional cutting fluids, alternative methods of conventional cutting fluids or alternative methods are preferred. One of the most preferred methods may be the minimum quantity lubrication technique with conventional or nanoparticle-enriched cutting fluids. The present paper has a compilation of the investigations based on MQL application in different machining processes such as turning, milling, grinding, and drilling. The machining also involves hard-to-machine alloys. The paper discusses cryogenic MQL in brief and opens the domain for work in future. The purpose of this paper is to provide a quick reference for researchers working on the practical use of MQL lubricants with nanopowders dissolved and their application in machining for different materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Research on Production Profiling Interpretation Technology Based on Microbial DNA Sequencing Diagnostics of Unconventional Reservoirs.
- Author
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Yang, Haitong, Wang, Lei, Qiang, Xiaolong, Ren, Zhengcheng, Wang, Hongbo, Wang, Yongbo, and Wang, Shuoliang
- Subjects
DNA sequencing ,RANDOM forest algorithms ,GAS reservoirs ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,NUCLEOTIDE sequence ,CUTTING fluids - Abstract
Production profiling technology is an important method for monitoring the dynamics of oil and gas reservoirs which can effectively improve the efficiency of oil recovery. Production profiling is a technique in which a test instrument is lowered from the tubing to the bottom of the well to measure flow, temperature, pressure, and density in a multi-layer section of a producing well. Normal production profiling process needs to stop production, operate complex, consume long time and high cost. Furthermore, the profile cannot be continuously monitored for a long time. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a production profiling interpretation method based on reservoir primitive microbial DNA sequencing. The microbial stratigraphic baseline with high-resolution features is obtained by sampling and DNA sequencing of produced fluid and cuttings from different wells. Specifically, the random forest algorithm is preferred and improved by comparing the accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and running time of three clustering methods: Naïve-Bayes classifier, random forest classifier, and back-propagation classifier. Constructing PSO-random forest model is based on stratigraphic records and produced fluid bacteria features. The computational accuracy and efficiency of this method allows it to describe the production profile for each formation. Moreover, this test process does not need to stop production with simple operation and does not pollute the formation. Meanwhile, by sampling fluid production at different stages, it can achieve the purpose of long-term effective dynamic monitoring of the reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. A review on minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) assisted machining processes using mono and hybrid nanofluids.
- Author
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Singh, Talwinder, Singh, Chandan Deep, and Singh, Rajdeep
- Subjects
HAZARDOUS substances ,MACHINING ,CUTTING fluids ,CUTTING machines ,MACHINE performance ,GRINDING machines ,FLOOD damage prevention ,CUTTING tools ,NANOFLUIDS - Abstract
Purpose: Because many cutting fluids contain hazardous chemical constituents, industries and researchers are looking for alternative methods to reduce the consumption of cutting fluids in machining operations due to growing awareness of ecological and health issues, government strict environmental regulations and economic pressures. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to raise awareness of the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique as a potential substitute for environmental restricted wet (flooded) machining situations. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology adopted for conducting a review in this study includes four sections: establishment of MQL technique and review of MQL machining performance comparison with dry and wet (flooded) environments; analysis of the past literature to examine MQL turning performance under mono nanofluids (M-NF); MQL turning performance evaluation under hybrid nanofluids (H-NF); and MQL milling, drilling and grinding performance assessment under M-NF and H-NF. Findings: From the extensive review, it has been found that MQL results in lower cutting zone temperature, reduction in cutting forces, enhanced tool life and better machined surface quality compared to dry and wet cutting conditions. Also, MQL under H-NF discloses notably improved tribo-performance due to the synergistic effect caused by the physical encapsulation of spherical nanoparticles between the nanosheets of lamellar structured nanoparticles when compared with M-NF. The findings of this study recommend that MQL with nanofluids can replace dry and flood lubrication conditions for superior machining performance. Practical implications: Machining under the MQL regime provides a dry, clean, healthy and pollution-free working area, thereby resulting the machining of materials green and environmentally friendly. Originality/value: This paper describes the suitability of MQL for different machining operations using M-NF and H-NF. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-05-2023-0131/ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The Design and Performance of Internally Cooled Cutting Tools for Turning: A Literature Review.
- Author
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Korenkovs, A., Gerins, E., and Kromanis, A.
- Subjects
LITERATURE reviews ,CUTTING tools ,CUTTING fluids ,LONGEVITY ,COOLANTS ,COOLING - Abstract
Near–dry machining and dry machining lead to increased temperature of the cutting tools. To reduce tool wear and extend the tool lifetime, and, eventually, to keep the accuracy of manufactured parts within acceptable limits as long as possible, a sustainable cooling technique is required. The technology of internal cooling of the cutting tool appears to be the most promising, because it allows eliminating the presence of the coolant on the manufacturing part and delivers the heat–transferring fluid to the very cutting area of the tool. This paper provides a literature review on the closed–loop internally cooled cutting tools (CLICCT) for turning. The current level of knowledge and experimental machining with prototypes has proven that CLICCT can utilize the benefits of dry cooling, having a longer tool life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Review on biolubricants and nanoparticles as additives in machining process.
- Author
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Nanda, S. Aswin, Radhika, N., Mohanraj, T., Vignesh, V., Selvan, K. R. Ratana, and Jayaraman, B.
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,METAL cutting ,MINERAL oils ,MACHINING ,NANOPARTICLES ,BIODEGRADABLE plastics ,VEGETABLE oils - Abstract
A paradigm shift occurs in history's environmentally conscious society, as hazardous cutting fluids are being phased out and biodegradable oil-based cutting fluids are introduced. Vegetable oils are potential ecologically friendly metal cutting fluids and have the potential to provide significant relief from a wide range of health problems caused by synthesized cutting fluids, including itchy skin, harmful particulates, ingestion, and so on. Critically, the current article evaluates the possibility of achieving the goal. We can accomplish long-term green production by utilizing environmentally friendly vegetable oil cutting fluids. According to this research series, vegetable oils could be used for synthetic fluids. This alternative may prove to be a cost-effective and effective method of achieving environmentally friendly machining. Bio-degradable oil has a high viscous index, a more excellent pour point, an increased flash point, superior mechanical properties, and is environmentally friendly. Even though biodegradable lubricants are one of the most environmentally friendly options for lubrication, their properties are slightly inferior to conventional mineral oil. Incorporating effective additives into the base stock of biodegradable oil is a popular solution to this problem. It results in a considerable improvement in the lubricant's thermal, tribological, and anti-oxidation characteristics. Nanoparticles are an effective additive that can be used to improve the properties of biodegradable lubricants. They are becoming increasingly popular. This paper discusses biodegradable oils, nanoparticles, and the improvement of biodegradable lubricant qualities due to the use of nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Combination of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) with solid lubricant (SL): challenges, predictions and implications for sustainability.
- Author
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Resende, André Alves de and Gonçalves dos Santos, Aline
- Subjects
- *
SOLID lubricants , *LITERATURE reviews , *EVIDENCE gaps , *CUTTING fluids , *BIBLIOMETRICS - Abstract
AbstractThis literature review explores minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) machining, emphasizing its benefits over traditional dry and flooded cooling methods. MQL is vital in manufacturing, enhancing productivity and sustainability. Adding solid lubricants (SL) amplifies MQL’s advantages. This article identifies challenges in MQL + SL machining and outlines future research opportunities. A comprehensive four-step review was conducted: identifying research gaps, determining databases and search terms, defining paper selection methods and performing bibliometric analysis. The review abstracted information from selected articles, offering in-depth discussions. Challenges in MQL machining involve forces, temperature, tool wear, roughness and lubricant performance. Studies show incorporating SL into base fluids mitigates these issues. Sustainability is a core focus in modern manufacturing, and MQL’s eco-friendly reputation is deserved. MQL with SL, often in nanoparticle form, provides benefits like reduced friction, enhanced tool life, lower energy consumption and improved material disposal. In conclusion, MQL + SL machining offers a promising path to balance productivity and sustainability. Continued research and development are essential to overcome challenges and unlock its full potential. As manufacturing evolves, MQL + SL machining exemplifies innovation and sustainability, poised to reshape the industry’s future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Sustainable Machining Using Eco-Friendly Cutting Fluids: A Review.
- Author
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Kumar, Pankaj, Jain, Amit Kumar, Chaurasiya, Prem Kumar, Tiwari, Damodar, Gopalan, Anitha, Arockia Dhanraj, Joshuva, Solomon, Jenoris Muthiya, Sivakumar, Aravinth, Velmurugan, Karthikeyan, and Fefeh Rushman, Johannex
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,MACHINING ,NANOFLUIDS ,CUTTING force ,VEGETABLE oils ,MACHINE performance - Abstract
The base fluids of eco-friendly cutting fluids should contain some vegetable oil. Due to their eco-friendly, thermal, and tribological qualities, these types of machining fluids are becoming increasingly popular among researchers throughout the world. The authors summarized published research studies on the use of eco-friendly machining fluids (including nanofluids) in various metal removal processes such as turning, milling, grinding, and drilling in this review paper. The impact of several biodegradable oil-based machining fluids on performance metrics such as surface irregularity, machining force, tool wear, power demand, and temperature-induced during the machining process is also explored in this paper. According to the previous and current literature, using an eco-friendly nano machining fluid results in better surface features, less cutting tool wear, lower cutting force, less power required, and lower machining zone temperature during the machining operation due to superior cooling and lubrication properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Experimental Study on Surface Integrity of Solar Cell Silicon Wafers Sliced by Electrochemical Multi-Wire Saw.
- Author
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Bao, Guanpei, Huang, Chen, Zhang, Yajing, Yu, Zhen, and Wang, Wei
- Subjects
SILICON wafers ,SILICON solar cells ,PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems ,SOLAR surface ,ELECTROCHEMICAL cutting ,CUTTING fluids ,NEGATIVE electrode - Abstract
Electrochemical multi-wire sawing (EMWS) is a hybrid machining method based on a traditional multi-wire sawing (MWS) system. In this new method, a silicon ingot is connected to a positive electrode; the slicing wire is connected to a negative electrode. Material is removed by the interaction of mechanical grinding and an electrochemical reaction. In this paper, contrast experiments of EMWS and MWS were conducted based on industrialized equipment to verify the beneficial effects of the hybrid method. The experimental statistical results show that the composite processing method improved the processing qualification rate by 1.28%, and the Bow of silicon wafers was reduced by about 2.74 microns. Further testing on the surface of the silicon wafer after electrochemical action showed that obvious holes were present on the surface, and the surface hardness of the wafer decreased significantly. Therefore, the scratches on the surface of wafer sliced by EMWS were reduced; in addition, the thickness of the surface damage layer was reduced by about 9 microns. After standard texturing, the average reflectivity of the wafers sliced by EMWS was about 2–10% lower than that of the wafers sliced by MWS in the wavelength of 300–1100 nm. In this paper, the voltage parameter of the composite machining is set to 48 V; the amount of electrolyte added in each experiment is 2 L; and a good machining effect is obtained. In the future, the electric parameters and cutting fluid components will be further studied to improve the electrochemical effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Geometry modifications of single-lip drills to improve cutting fluid flow.
- Author
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Baumann, Andreas, Oezkaya, Ekrem, Biermann, Dirk, and Eberhard, Peter
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,FLUID flow ,COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics ,DRAINAGE ,GEOMETRY - Abstract
For single-lip drills with small diameters, the cutting fluid is supplied through a kidney-shaped cooling channel inside the tool. In addition to reducing friction, the cutting fluid is also important for the dissipation of heat at the cutting edge and for the chip removal. However, in previous investigations of single-lip drills, it was observed that the fluid remains on the back side of the cutting edge, and accordingly, the cutting edge is insufficiently cooled. In this paper, a simulation-based investigation of an introduced additional drainage flute and flank surface modifications is carried out using smoothed particle hydrodynamics as well as computational fluid dynamics. It is determined that the additionally introduced drainages lead to a slightly changed flow situation, but a significant flow behind the cutting edge and into the drainage flute cannot be achieved due to reasons explained in this paper. Accordingly, not even a much larger drainage flute with unwanted side-effect of a decrease tool strength is able to archive a significant improvement of the flow around the cutting edge. Therefore, major changes to the cooling channel, like the use of two separate channels, the modification of their positions, or modified flank surfaces, are necessary in order to achieve an improvement in lubrication of the cutting edge and heat dissipation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Investigation of the optimum cutting conditions during turning aluminum alloy using Taguchi method.
- Author
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Al-Khafaji, R. Ahmed A. R., Al-Zubaidi, Salah, Sarhan, Samaher M., Sultan, Hakim S., Al-Sahb, Wassan Abd, and Abdullah, Oday I.
- Subjects
- *
ALUMINUM alloys , *TAGUCHI methods , *SURFACE roughness , *STATISTICAL significance , *METAL cutting , *CUTTING tools , *CUTTING fluids - Abstract
In this research paper, the machinability of the aluminum alloy has been investigated by turning it without using coolant fluid. Three cutting variables were selected to achieve this investigation at three levels which are cutting speed, cutting depth, and cutting angle (bevel cut). Also, it was used Taguchi L9 matrix method to generate nine experiments, and these experiments were carried out using a lathe machine. Speed cutting steel was used as a cutting tool and the surface smoothness was measured for each experiment by taking three readings for each sample and calculating the average value of them. Furthermore, the results were analyzed statistically and practically using Minitab 16 software and Design Expert 6.0 program. An ANOVA table was presented and used to measure the significance of the constructed statistical model. Where, the contribution and importance of each cutoff vary in relation to the output that represented by the smoothness of the surface. The main aim of this work is to present a new approach to find the optimum cutting conditions, where the surface roughness is considered the criterion to analyze the results. Based on this approach, the optimum cutting conditions were found to obtain the smoothest cut surface using Design Expert 6.0 program. It was found that the best cutting conditions for cutting speed, cutting depth and cutting angle are 500 rpm, 0.1 mm, 80ᵒ, respectively in order to achieve the smoothest cut surface of 1.318 micron. In addition, it was found that the cutting speed has the highest influence on the smoothness of the cut surface, followed by the cutting angle and the depth of cut has the minimum effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Application of EDAS method for cutting fluid selection for gear cutting operation.
- Author
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Das, Partha Protim, Mahto, Premchand Kumar, Roy, Manish Kumar, Sharma, Saurabh, and Phipon, Ruben
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,METAL cutting ,SPUR gearing ,MACHINE tools ,CUTTING tools ,RESIDUAL stresses ,MECHANICAL wear - Abstract
Tribology plays an important role in various metal cutting industries as it is mainly concerned with the quality of the products produced together with the life of cutting tools in use. With rise in temperature around the machining zone while cutting difficult-to-cut materials that can yield high residual stresses, dimensional deformation, and premature failure of cutting tools. Cutting fluid in this scenario plays an important role while being used as a coolant, lubricant to carry away the heat generated while minimizing the rate of tool wear thereby increasing its life and the quality of products produced. Selection of suitable cutting fluid for a specific machining operation is often influenced by several factors such as machine tool compatibility, interaction with operator, effect on environment, and efficiency which also requires in-depth knowledge of the operator. This paper explores the application potentiality of evaluation based on distance from average solution method for identifying the most appropriate cutting fluid for spur gears cutting using hobbing operation. The result obtained is observed to have high degree of similarity with the results obtained by other popular methods which are also validated from Spearman rank correlation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Roghness of Machined Surfaces in the Technology of Broaching Inner Shaped Contours.
- Author
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Martinovič, Jozef and Peterka, Jozef
- Subjects
SURFACES (Technology) ,MASS production ,CUTTING fluids ,SURFACE roughness ,MANUFACTURING processes - Abstract
This paer provides information on research on the technology of broaching of the internal shaped surfaces. This paper provides information on the research on the technology of stretching of internal shaped surfaces. It is a technology that is used in mass production. Our research was focused on machining of internal surfaces. The difficulty of the research was that it involved internal shaped complex surfaces called grooves. At the same time, the research was carried out under mass production conditions. Another problem is that in broaching, low cutting speed is used and therefore oil is commonly used as the cutting medium. The test specimens were intended for further use in assembly. The effect of changing the cutting medium on the roughness of the machined surface of the newly formed grooves was investigated. The experimental conditions consisted of obtaining data directly from a real production broaching process. Real production conditions were used and the type of cutting medium was varied. So far, oil has been used. Our intervention was to replace the oil with an emulsion. The research hypothesis was based on the fact that if, with sufficient lubricating properties of the emulsion used, the machining process will be satisfactory in terms of the prescribed surface roughness, then considerable financial costs will be saved for this process. The paper documents the occurrences for the roughness of machined grooves as a function of the change in cutting fluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
29. Standalone Sensors System for Real-Time Monitoring of Cutting Emulsion Properties with Adaptive Integration in Machine Tool Operation.
- Author
-
Peterka, Jozef, Jurina, Frantisek, Vozar, Marek, Patoprsty, Boris, Vopat, Tomas, Simna, Vladimir, and Bozek, Pavol
- Subjects
MACHINE tools ,EMULSIONS ,CUTTING machines ,METAL cutting ,DETECTORS ,EMULSION paint ,CUTTING fluids - Abstract
This paper presents a novel cutting fluid monitoring sensor system and a description of an algorithm framework to monitor the state of the cutting emulsion in the machine tool sump. One of the most frequently used coolants in metal machining is cutting emulsion. Contamination and gradual degradation of the fluid is a common occurrence, and unless certain maintenance steps are undertaken, the fluid needs to be completely replaced, which is both un-economical and non-ecological. Increasing the effective service life of the cutting emulsion is therefore desired, which can be achieved by monitoring the parameters of the fluid and taking corrective measures to ensure the correct levels of selected parameters. For this purpose, a multi-sensor monitoring probe was developed and a prototype device was subsequently created by additive manufacturing. The sensor-carrying probe was then placed in the machine tool sump and tested in operation. The probe automatically takes measurements of the selected cutting emulsion properties (temperature, concentration, pH, level height) in set intervals and logs them in the system. During the trial run of the probe, sensor accuracy was tracked and compared to reference measurements, achieving sufficiently low deviations for the purpose of continuous operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Impact of cutting fluid on hybrid manufacturing of AISI H13 tool steel.
- Author
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Cortina, Magdalena, Arrizubieta, Jon Iñaki, Lamikiz, Aitzol, and Ukar, Eneko
- Subjects
TOOL-steel ,CUTTING fluids ,MANUFACTURING processes ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,HYDROGEN production ,CRACK propagation (Fracture mechanics) - Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to analyse the effects derived from the presence of residual coolant from machining operations on the Directed Energy Deposition of AISI H13 tool steel and the quality of the resulting part. Design/methodology/approach: In the present paper, the effectiveness of various cleaning techniques, including laser vaporising and air blasting, applied to different water/oil concentrations are studied. For this purpose, single-layer and multi-layer depositions are performed. Besides, the influence of the powder adhered to the coolant residues remaining on the surface of the workpiece is analysed. In all cases, cross-sections are studied in-depth, including metallographic, microhardness, scanning electron microscopy and crack mechanism analyses. Findings: The results show that, although no significant differences were found for low oil concentrations when remarkably high oil concentrations were used the deposited material cracked, regardless of the cleaning technique applied. The crack initiation and propagation mechanisms have been analysed, concluding that the presence of oil leads to hydrogen induced cracking. Originality/value: High oil concentration residues from previous machining operations in hybrid manufacturing led to hydrogen induced cracking when working with AISI H13 tool steel. The results obtained will help in defining future hybrid manufacturing processes that combine additive and subtractive operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. State of the art on sustainable manufacturing using mono/hybrid nano-cutting fluids with minimum quantity lubrication.
- Author
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Singh, Vaibhav, Sharma, Anuj Kumar, Sahu, Ranjeet Kumar, and Katiyar, Jitendra Kumar
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,ECOLOGICAL art ,METAL cutting ,NANOSTRUCTURED materials ,CUTTING machines ,FLUIDS ,THERMOPHYSICAL properties - Abstract
In machining operations, the application of cutting fluids has been of prime importance for the extraction of heat from rake surfaces, ease of removal of the chips and reduction of friction at the chip–tool interface. These three objectives are achieved by the supply of suitable conventional cutting fluid at the machining zone using different techniques. However, the misuse of these fluids and their wrong disposal methods were found to have an adverse effect on the environment and health of human. To reduce the usage of conventional cutting fluid, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique has been emerged as an alternative means in the last few years, leading to better eco-friendly. Further, to increase the sustainability of MQL technique, it becomes necessary to use an appropriate exceptional nanostructured material with MQL that could be an effective cutting fluid (i.e. nanocutting fluids) with better tribological and thermophysical properties, and might be helpful in addressing the eco-friendly problem to a great extent. Therefore, the present paper focuses on the review of important published works related to the use of mono/hybrid nanocutting fluids with MQL technique at various processing parameters in different metal cutting operations. Most of the studies have shown a significant reduction in cutting forces, temperature at cutting zone, tool wear, and friction coefficient, and considerable improvement in surface quality by the addition of mono/hybrid nanoparticles enriched cutting fluid in MQL technique as compared to dry as well as wet machining processes. Further, the paper discusses the future scope in the area of hybrid nano-cutting fluids in different machining processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Performances of concave and convex microtexture tools in turning of Ti6Al4V with lubrication.
- Author
-
Yu, Qianxi, Zhang, Xu, Miao, Xuchao, Liu, Xin, and Zhang, Liqiang
- Subjects
LUBRICATION & lubricants ,CUTTING fluids ,METAL cutting ,CUTTING tools ,MACHINE tools ,SQL - Abstract
The microtexture is gaining more and more attention due to its unique and excellent properties in metal cutting. However, most researchers currently only pay more attention to the performance of microtextures in dry cutting, but less on the performance under lubrication conditions. Some researches show that the microstructure performs better under lubrication conditions. In addition, most people only focus on the cutting performance of a single microtexture, and there are few studies on composite microtextures. In this study, a 2D finite element model and a fluid lubrication model of metal cutting were established by finite element software, and the cutting fluid model was introduced into the 2D finite element model. The cutting process of cuting the Ti6Al4V alloy under the auxiliary lubrication of cutting fluids was successfully simulated. The convex volcano-like texture (VLT) in this paper is a composite microtexture. At the same time, a new bionic microtexture tool is proposed to solve the problem of weakened the structural strength of the tool caused by the machining microtexture on the tool. The simulation results of cutting the Ti6Al4V alloy in both dry and wet conditions show that the cutting results of the bionic microtexture tool are superior to those of the conventional tool in both cases, and the processing effect under lubrication is greatly improved. This paper also presented a new lubrication method—small quantity lubrication (SQL), which uses up to 3.14% of the amount of lubricant required by the traditional immersion lubrication (TIL). This lubrication method makes the cooling lubrication effect even better than that of TIL, besides greatly saving cutting fluids. This paper revealed the mechanism of microtexture tools cutting under lubrication conditions, solved the problem of weakened of tool strength by machining microtexture, and proposed a new efficient, green, and economical lubrication method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Recent progress and evolution of coolant usages in conventional machining methods: a comprehensive review.
- Author
-
Kui, Gary Wong Ang, Islam, Sumaiya, Reddy, Moola Mohan, Khandoker, Neamul, and Chen, Vincent Lee Chieng
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,MACHINING ,VEGETABLE oils ,COOLANTS ,TITANIUM alloys ,MACHINERY - Abstract
This paper reviews recent progress and applications of usage of cutting fluids in conventional machining processes. In addition to reviewing the various conventional and advanced cooling techniques during machining, the paper also discusses the use of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in several types on metals such as steel, aluminum, alloy, and titanium alloys. Due to the toxicity of conventional cutting fluid resulting in ecological problems, the demand for environmentally friendly cutting fluid is rising. Therefore, natural vegetable oil is chosen as potential replacement as an environmentally friendly cutting fluid which fulfills the important aspects of biodegradability and sustainability. Application of vegetable oil-based cutting fluids under MQL techniques are also discussed. Moreover, the potential of palm oil as biodegradable and environmentally friendly natural vegetable oil-based metal-working fluids in MQL are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Application of nanofluids as cutting fluids in machining operations: a brief review.
- Author
-
Ben Said, Lotfi, Kolsi, Lioua, Ghachem, Kaouther, Almeshaal, Mohammed, and Maatki, Chemseddine
- Subjects
CUTTING machines ,CUTTING fluids ,MACHINING ,NANOFLUIDS ,LITERATURE reviews ,MACHINE tools ,CUTTING force - Abstract
The evolution of materials of cutting tools and their geometry, is currently leading to a technological development of many other sectors linked to machining. It is, therefore, a progress in the construction of machine tools, the machining of new materials, improvement of cutting fluids (lower toxicity and costs related to the maintenance and treatment of used cutting fluids, chemical formulation). Regarding the cutting fluids, international regulations are moving towards eco-elimination or limiting the use of certain molecules for ecological reasons. In addition, the formulation must be adapted as best as possible to the industrial demand, both in terms of performance and costs. The characteristics of nanofluids meet all these requirements and seem to be a promising solution for major problems encountered when using conventional cutting fluids. The present paper reports a literature review emphasizing essentially the investigations performed during the last 2 years. This literature focuses on the use of nano-lubricant in machining processes such as turning, milling and grinding processes. Analyzing the current review, it has been found that the use of nanofluids especially hybrid ones reduces the tool wear, the surface roughness, cutting forces, and heat generation. However, the optimal choice of nanoparticles and their concentrations that suites more the most severe cutting conditions, needs more attention in future works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Towards a new real-time metrology guidance method for robotized machining of aerostructures robust against cutting fluids and debris.
- Author
-
Newman, Michael, Monsarrat, Bruno, Fortin, Yves, Côté, Gabriel, Hajzargarbashi, Amir, and Khoshdarregi, Matt
- Subjects
NUMERICAL control of machine tools ,INDUSTRIAL robots ,SHARED workspaces ,ROBOT motion ,MACHINING ,CUTTING fluids ,MILLING (Metalwork) - Abstract
Due to their greater workspace and lower cost, industrial robots can provide an alternative solution to CNC machine tools for milling of aerospace parts. However, current machining robots fail to meet the required finishing tolerances (0.1 mm) of the aerospace industry. To improve the accuracy of industrial robots during milling, this paper proposes a new feedback method using an off-the-shelf passive CMM-arm. Unlike laser trackers and optical CMMs, CMM-arms are not susceptible to occlusion or line of sight issues, which may arise due to machining debris or robot movements. In this work, the performance and robustness of a CMM-arm used to guide a robotized machining process in optically challenging conditions are studied. First, the kinematic model of the CMM-arm is developed and the shared workspace between the CMM-arm and a KUKA KR300 Ultra industrial robot is analyzed. This ensures adequate reach of the robot's tool center point (TCP) while the CMM-arm is attached to the machining spindle. The CMM-estimated tool center point is then calculated in real time on an external PC based on the combined kinematic chain of the robot and the CMM-arm. The positioning error of the TCP is determined in real time at a rate of 80 Hz, and the corresponding correction signals are sent to the robot via the Robot Sensor Interface (RSI). Experimental results show over 80% reduction in maximum error during 5-axis milling of aluminum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. A review on effects of process parameters in milling challenging materials under nanofluid-based MQL conditions.
- Author
-
Vadnere, Amol Purushottam and Kalpande, Shyamkumar D.
- Subjects
LITERATURE reviews ,SUSTAINABILITY ,EVIDENCE gaps ,SOCIAL impact ,MILLING (Metalwork) ,NANOFLUIDS ,CUTTING fluids - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the literature that is currently available and take a glance at minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) with nanofluids (NFs) as viable candidates to improve the efficiency of various milling operations on challenging materials. Design/methodology/approach: The extensive literature review is carried through the existing literature, which shows the effect of various process parameters in the milling operation of challenging materials under NF-MQL conditions. The manuscript also deals with identifying the inferences and research gaps from the literature review. The role and potential of NF-MQL in milling challenging materials are identified in this work. Findings: The conclusion has also derived some recommendations for future study from the prior research, which will be helpful for any further research in this area. Research limitations/implications: This research work is limited to milling operations in challenging materials. Practical implications: NF-MQL applications in milling operations are comparatively underexplored and merit considerable research. The amount of effort industry practitioners put into sustainable manufacturing will surely be greatly reduced by thorough research on the milling of challenging materials under NF-MQL settings. Social implications: MQL system has a great potential to perform well in the experimental endeavor. Despite that fact, majority of the small and medium scale manufacturing industries are still using the conventional flood system for the machining of the workpieces because of the unaffordable initial cost and requirement of expertise involved as compared to the flooded lubrication. This issue might be solved when more works will be accomplished in industries for small as well as medium scale production. Originality/value: These are novel study approaches because there are so many variables that affect cutting efficiency; therefore, more research is required to assess and provide direction for the advancement of hard milling technology. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-01-2023-0010/ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The Effect of Cutting Fluid on Machined Surface Integrity of Ultra-High-Strength Steel 45CrNiMoVA.
- Author
-
Wang, Yubin, Ren, Yan, Yan, Pei, Li, Siyu, Dai, Zhicheng, Jiao, Li, Zhao, Bin, Pang, Siqin, and Wang, Xibin
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,AXIAL stresses ,STEEL ,CUTTING force ,RESIDUAL stresses ,LASER peening - Abstract
The surface integrity of ultra-high-strength steel has a significant influence on service performance, and cutting fluid plays an important role in maintaining surface integrity in production. In this paper, the surface integrity of ultra-high-strength steel 45CrNiMoVA was investigated under three cutting fluids: HY-103 (micro-emulsion), TRIM E709 (emulsion), and Vasco 7000 (micro-emulsion) from the aspects of cutting force, surface morphology, residual stress, micro hardness, microstructure, etc. The results showed that the changing trend of the cutting forces in three directions is HY-103 > Vasco 7000 > TRIM E709. The TRIM E709 contains the maximum lubricants, which reduce cutting force and Sa roughness, while the Vasco 7000 contains the minimum corrosive elements, which results in the least pitting. Both tangential and axial stresses under cutting fluid are tensile stresses. TRIM E709 and Vasco 7000 are reduced axially by 4.45% and 7.60% relative to HY-103, respectively. The grain refinement layer depths of HY-103, TRIM E709, and Vasco 7000 are 9 μm, 4 μm, and 8 μm, respectively, and TRIM E709 can induce recrystallized grains to grow along {001} of the sample cross section, which results from the lowest cooling rate. This work may provide an innovative control strategy for cutting fluid to improve surface integrity and service performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Performance of High-Speed Steel Drills in Wet Drilling Inconel 718 Superalloy.
- Author
-
Liu, J.Y., Li, A.H., Zhang, J.C., Wang, Y.Q., and Feng, Z.H.
- Subjects
HEAT resistant alloys ,INCONEL ,METAL cutting ,CUTTING fluids ,FRETTING corrosion ,ADHESIVE wear - Abstract
Hole machining of nickel-based alloys has a wide application space in aerospace manufacturing industry, but the high cutting force, high cutting temperature, large plastic deformation, cold work hardening and severe tool wear during the cutting process of nickel-based alloys make them typical difficult-to-machine materials. Therefore, when drilling nickel-based alloys, the selection of cutting parameters is very important. Reasonable cutting parameters will help to control the chip shape and facilitate chip removal. In this paper, the cutting force, cutting temperature, and tool life of high-speed steels in drilling Nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 was investigated through orthogonal cutting experiments. Then the empirical method of multi-factor line regression was used to establish the empirical models of drilling torque, thrust force, cutting temperature, and tool life of the drills with emulsion as the cutting fluid, and to verify the validity of the established model, and the significance of the regression method is tested to verify the effectiveness of the model. The tool wear morphology and wear mechanisms were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis (EDS). The results revealed that the major drill wear modes incorporate flank wear, peripheral wear, micro-chipping and chipping, and the tool failure mechanisms were comprehensively synergistic interactions among abrasive wear, adhesive wear, and oxidation wear. In addition, the cutting parameters of high-speed steels in drilling Nickel-based superalloy were optimized based on the response surface methodology of equivalent tool life-efficiency, and then the reasonable cutting parameters under the condition of using cutting fluid were recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Design of Real-Time Monitoring System for Cutting Fluids.
- Author
-
Jurina, Frantisek, Peterka, Jozef, Vozar, Marek, Patoprsty, Boris, and Vopat, Tomas
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,ELECTRONIC equipment ,CUTTING machines ,MACHINE tools ,CONCEPTUAL design ,SERVICE life - Abstract
The paper describes the design and implementation of a cutting fluid monitoring system, as well as the design and development of an algorithm to increase the life of the cutting fluid in the machine tool reservoir. Cutting fluids are the most common type of coolant in machining. During its use, it becomes contaminated and gradually degrades until it needs to be replaced with fresh fluid. To increase its effective service life, its parameters should be monitored at regular intervals, and corrective measures such as topping up the fluid quantity and adding inhibitors and additives should be taken if necessary. For this purpose, a conceptual design of a monitoring device was developed, and a prototype device was subsequently manufactured. The device is designed as a floating probe in the storage tank. Therefore, its shape had to be designed to accommodate multiple sensors, batteries, and electronic components while remaining floating and watertight. The designed prototype was made by additive manufacturing and placed in a cutting fluid while being measured at regular intervals. In the event of non-compliant parameters, the algorithm generated corrective actions, and the machine operator could take the required steps to significantly increase the lifetime of the cutting fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Numerical investigations on effect of textured tools on heat transfer during machining.
- Author
-
Jain, Rishabh, Ranjan, Rishabh, Duryodhan, Vijay S., and Gangopadhyay, Soumya
- Subjects
- *
MACHINE tools , *CUTTING fluids , *HEAT transfer , *HEAT transfer coefficient , *REYNOLDS number , *SURFACE texture , *CUTTING tools - Abstract
The localization of heat in the machining zone of hard to cut materials leads to tool wear and increased surface roughness. Cutting fluids are used to minimize these effects, but their use is discouraged due to their detrimental effects on human health and environment. One of the potential solutions to reduce the use of cutting fluids is surface texturing on machining tools. Available literatures have mainly focused on tool wear reduction aspect only and there is a literature gap regarding quantitative analysis of the enhancement in cooling rates. In this paper an iterative numerical approach using DEFORM-3D and Ansys-Fluent has been discussed to understand the heat transfer phenomenon on textured tools. Results show that the heat transfer coefficient has increased by 32% with textured tool at moderate to high Reynolds number. The average cutting tool tip temperature dropped by 100°C due to tool-chip contact length reduction and increased heat dissipation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Experimental and Metamodel Based Optimization of Cutting Parameters for Milling Inconel-800 Superalloy Under Nanofluid MQL Condition.
- Author
-
Ngoc-Chien Vu, Huu-That Nguyen, Van-Han Nguyen, Quang-Nhu Phan, Ngoc-Thai Huynh, and XuanPhuong Dang
- Subjects
HEAT resistant alloys ,NANOFLUIDS ,RADIAL basis functions ,GLOBAL optimization ,CUTTING fluids ,CUTTING force ,GENETIC algorithms ,LUBRICATION & lubricants - Abstract
Machining of Inconel-800, a superalloy material that is difficult-to-cut materials, has received the special attention of many scientists worldwide. This paper adopts the advanced and industry-accepted lubrication method that is minimum quantity lubrication technique (MQL) which enhances nanoparticle particles to improve the machinability of Inconel-800 superalloy material and reduce the quantity of conventional cutting fluids. The metamodel namely Radial basis function (RBF) was used for expressing the relationship between cutting velocity, feed per tooth, depth of cut, and corner radius to two quality factors, including cutting force and specific cutting force. A combination of the RBF approximate model and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) algorithm was applied to find out optimal global solutions for the multi-objective optimization problem. The results show that this study plays a part in supporting scientists and engineers to understand machining difficult-tocut materials better and minimize waste to the environment towards sustainable and environmentally friendly machining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Optimization of Grinding Environment for Surface Grinding of Low Alloy Steel Using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Artificial Neural Network.
- Author
-
Chakraborty, Pritam, Kundu, Kingshuk, and Mahata, Sirsendu
- Subjects
LOW alloy steel ,GRINDING & polishing ,ANALYTIC hierarchy process ,ARTIFICIAL neural networks ,CUTTING fluids ,MULTIPLE criteria decision making ,GRINDING wheels ,DECISION making - Abstract
Grinding is a widely used process for semi-finishing and finishing of various mechanical components to provide the desired size and accuracy of the product. Grinding wheel is composed of abrasive particles held together firmly in a bond material. The abrasive particles remove material from the workpiece when the grinding wheel is rotated at a high speed with a particular infeed. As a result, extremely high temperature is generated, which produces numerous adverse effects in the grinding performance. To reduce such thermal problems, cutting fluid or coolant is used. In this paper, initially, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used for optimization of the grinding performance while grinding under dry and wet environments using three different coolant concentrations (1:80, 1:50 and 1:20) at 30 µm infeed. AHP results show that 1:20 coolant concentration provides the best environment for grinding among the four alternatives in this case. Experimental data are used for Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in MATLAB as input and target data to predict outputs of different coolant concentrations which are not performed experimentally. The output data so obtained are finally used for decision making using AHP, where 1:30 coolant concentration is found to be the optimal coolant concentration. It is also found that the directionality of order of the performance of the coolant with three different concentrations used in actual experiments has remained unchanged in AHP done with 11 alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
43. Tribological and Morphological Study of AISI 316L Stainless Steel during Turning under Different Lubrication Conditions.
- Author
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Natesh, C. P., Shashidhara, Y. M., Amarendra, H. J., Shetty, Raviraj, Harisha, S. R., Shenoy, P. Vishal, Nayak, Madhukara, Hegde, Adithya, Shetty, Dikshith, and Umesh, Utsav
- Subjects
STAINLESS steel ,NEEM oil ,MINERAL oils ,CUTTING fluids ,TRIBOLOGY ,SURFACE roughness ,MACHINABILITY of metals ,LUBRICATION & lubricants - Abstract
Due to growing environmental concerns and economical and social problems in manufacturing sectors, there is a huge demand for the substitution of existing cutting fluids. Further, the cutting fluids selected are expected to reduce the cutting force, improve the surface roughness and also minimize the tool wear during machining operations. Hence, this paper discusses the tribological and morphological behaviour of AISI 316L stainless steel while turning under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) such as oil–water emulsion, mineral oil, simarouba oil, pongam oil and neem oil based on Taguchi L
25 orthogonal array. From the extensive experimentation, it was observed that neem oil MQL with cutting speed of (140, 140, 60 m/min), feed of (0.30, 0.20, 0.10 mm/rev) and depth of cut of (1.0, 1.0, 1.0 mm) resulted in the lowest surface roughness (0.36 µm),cutting force (235.34 N) and tool wear (100.32 microns), respectively. Further, main effects plots and analysis of variance (ANOVA)can be successfully used to identify the optimum process input parameters and their percentage of contribution (P%) on the output parameters during turning of AISI 316L steel under MQL applications. The results clearly indicate that from both an ecological and economical standpoint, neem oil is the most effective lubricant in reducing cutting forces, tool wear and surface roughness during turning of AISI 316L stainless steel under MQL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. INVESTIGATION OF CHIP MORPHOLOGY ON TURNING OF MONEL UNDER NANOGRAPHENE AND NANO CuO COOLANTS.
- Author
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ARUL, K. and SENTHILKUMAR, V. S.
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,COPPER oxide ,SURFACE roughness ,COOLANTS ,MORPHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper deals with experimental investigation on chip formation of machining of Monel K500 and its characteristics are studied. Two different nanocutting fluids namely nanoCuO and nanographenes are used for turning operation and the performance of the two cutting fluids is evaluated and the corresponding responses are recorded for the selection of better cutting fluid. This experiment is carried out with the help of SEM which picturizes the microstructure and surface distribution of the chips. The various output responses like chip thickness, chip compression ratio, and surface roughness are portrayed. The desirable effects on the properties of the machined material obtained by the variation of process parameters like cutting speed, cutting depth, and feed rate are analyzed. Results show that the thickness of chips (corresponding metal removal rate) is reduced considerably by 10–15% and the surface roughness is reduced by 20–30% when nanographene cutting fluids are used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Effect of Cutting Fluid on Machined Surface Integrity and Corrosion Property of Nickel Based Superalloy.
- Author
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Chen, Shiqi, Yan, Pei, Zhu, Junyi, Wang, Yubin, Zhao, Wenxiang, Jiao, Li, and Wang, Xibin
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,HEAT resistant alloys ,NICKEL ,DEIONIZATION of water ,RESIDUAL stresses ,MACHINE performance ,PITTING corrosion ,ELECTROCHEMICAL cutting - Abstract
Superalloy parts place high demands on machined surface integrity and serviceability. In the machining process of superalloys, the cutting fluid is usually used to improve the machining performance. Cutting fluids with cooling and lubrication functions have a relatively large effect on the surface microstructure and residual stress as well. The corrosion damage caused by cutting fluid to the machined surface, during machining and residual, are also worth considering. In this paper, the machining performance of typical binary Ni Cr solid solution, age-hardened, nickel-based superalloy NiCr20TiAl T6, under two commonly used cutting fluids, Blasocut and E709, was analyzed, including cutting performance, surface quality, machining surface corrosion characteristics, and so on. The results showed that the surface residual stress could be improved by adding both cutting fluids compared with the deionized water. Blasocut had better lubrication properties, which could reduce friction and heat production. Pitting holes were found on the polished surface after 45 days with E709 cutting fluid, which was more corrosive than Blasocut. According to this research, a reasonable cutting fluid can be selected to reduce the surface corrosion and improve the service life and performance of parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Cutting Fluids Usage and Impacts in Metal Workshops in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria.
- Author
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Kazeem, Rasaq A., Fadare, David A., Adebayo, Adedayo S., Ikumapayi, Omolayo M., Awonusi, Adetokunbo A., Dare, Ademola A., and Okokpujie, Imhade P.
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,METALWORK ,METAL cutting ,LUNG diseases - Abstract
This paper presents a report on cutting fluids utilization and its impacts on workers in machining workshops in Ibadan, Nigeria. The major users of cutting fluids and their workshops were identified. It was found that there are 103 operating metal workshops in Ibadan and these workshops are located within seven local government areas of the city. Out of the total number, 85 are in fabrication, 39 are in crankshaft operations and 32 are engaged in block boring operations. The type and consumption of cutting fluids, coolant delivery techniques, length of use before disposal, disposal methods, and monitoring maintenance were studied. The results indicated that the most used cutting fluid is soluble oil with average total consumption of 402 litres monthly. The pouring of spent cutting fluids on the ground is the most adopted disposal method. Research on occupation exposures to cutting fluids has suggested that machine operators in metal cutting are at high risk of developing cancer, allergenic disorders, and lung diseases. Results obtained also showed that less than 22% of machine operators were aware of occupational hazards. Few of the operators (23%) wore safety devices/clothing, and health and safety standards were neither practiced nor enforced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. STUDY ON THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF H-BN NANO CUTTING FLUID IN MQL MACHINING OF INCONEL 625.
- Author
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SINGH, PARINITI and PADHY, CHINMAYA P.
- Subjects
BORON nitride ,RHEOLOGY ,CUTTING fluids ,INCONEL ,MACHINING ,METAL cutting ,NANOPARTICLES ,MECHANICAL wear - Abstract
A study has been conducted to find out the rheological properties of h-BN nano cutting fluid and then its effects have been analyzed on the machinability of Inconel 625. It is to be noted that addition of nanoparticles with improved rheological behavior helps to enhance the anti-wear and anti-frictional properties of cutting fluid. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles are environmentally safe, chemically inert, and lubricious in nature and hence preparation of BN nano cutting fluid is a reliable option for machining with MQL technique in machining of difficult to cut material like Inconel-625. This paper includes preparation of BN-nano cutting fluid with analysis of its rheological properties and effect on machining of Inconel 625 with h-Bn nano fluid assisted MQL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A review on minimum quantity lubrication technique application and challenges in grinding process using environment-friendly nanofluids
- Author
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Virdi, Roshan Lal, Pal, Amrit, Chatha, Sukhpal Singh, and Sidhu, Hazoor Singh
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. A review on MQL for the machining of titanium based alloy.
- Author
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Sharma, S., Ladakhi, T. Y., Pradhan, B. B., Phipon, R., Gao, Xiao-Zhi, Ghadai, Ranjan Kumar, Kalita, Kana, Shivakoti, Ishwer, Kilickap, Erol, Kundu, Tanmoy, and Das, Soham
- Subjects
TITANIUM alloys ,CUTTING fluids ,MACHINING ,AEROSOLS ,COST control ,LUBRICATION & lubricants - Abstract
Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) which is also known as micro-lubrication, micro-dosing, mist coolant and near-dry machining is a process that came into existence due to the cost involved in cutting fluids as well as for environmental concern and reduction of health risks for machine operators. Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) is a process of sprinkling the mixture of air which is compressed and optimum cutting fluid is fed to the interface of the workpiece and the cutting tool either internally into and out of the tool or through the external system. This paper gives a review on some of the papers publicized with reference to MQL technique and its implementation with different cutting fluids for various machining processes of titanium based alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The Impact of a Movement Type on Tribological Properties of AlTiN Coating Deposited on HS6-5-2C Steel.
- Author
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Kowalczyk, Joanna, Madej, Monika, Piotrowska, Katarzyna, and Radon-Kobus, Krystyna
- Subjects
CUTTING fluids ,DRY friction ,TRIBOLOGY ,SURFACE topography ,SURFACE coatings ,SLIDING wear ,STEEL - Abstract
This paper investigates the effect of the type of movement on the tribological properties of an AlTiN coating applied to a disc made of HS6-5-2C steel. Tribological tests were carried out with a tribometer operating on a ball-disc friction apparatus moving in to-and-from as well as in rotary motion. The tests were carried out under technically dry friction conditions, subject to the application of a cutting fluid used during machining in grinding, turning, milling, drilling and cutting processes. A scanning microscope was used to observe the morphology of the surface, the morphology of the AlTiN coating, and to determine its chemical composition and assess wear mechanisms. The topography of the surface was analysed before and after carrying out the friction and wear tests using a confocal microscope with interferometric mode. The results of the provided tests indicate that the cutting fluid used in the tests reduced the coefficient of friction in both rotary and the sliding -- reciprocating motion about 75% and 65% respectively. It has also contributed to a reduction in linear wear in the sliding -- reciprocating motion about 22%. In case of rotary motion, higher values of linear wear about 40% were recorded, due to wear of the counterspecimen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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