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The article examines bail reform in the U.S. both in order to compare the position with Australia and to understand the background to the current momentum in favour of objective, formulaic risk assessment tools, as of June 2019. Topics discussed include history of the Bail Reform Act of 1966; amendments to statutory laws which authorized detention without bail or restrictive conditions of release based on dangerousness; and the U.S. court case "United States v. Salerno."