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3. Synchrony matters more than species richness in plant community stability at a global scale

Author

Valencia, Enrique, de Bello, Francesco, Galland, Thomas, Adler, Peter B, Lepš, Jan, E-Vojtkó, Anna, van Klink, Roel, Carmona, Carlos P, Danihelka, Jiří, Dengler, Jürgen, Eldridge, David J, Estiarte, Marc, García-González, Ricardo, Garnier, Eric, Gómez‐García, Daniel, Harrison, Susan P, Herben, Tomáš, Ibáñez, Ricardo, Jentsch, Anke, Juergens, Norbert, Kertész, Miklós, Klumpp, Katja, Louault, Frédérique, Marrs, Rob H, Ogaya, Romà, Ónodi, Gábor, Pakeman, Robin J, Pardo, Iker, Pärtel, Meelis, Peco, Begoña, Peñuelas, Josep, Pywell, Richard F, Rueda, Marta, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Schmiedel, Ute, Schuetz, Martin, Skálová, Hana, Šmilauer, Petr, Šmilauerová, Marie, Smit, Christian, Song, MingHua, Stock, Martin, Val, James, Vandvik, Vigdis, Ward, David, Wesche, Karsten, Wiser, Susan K, Woodcock, Ben A, Young, Truman P, Yu, Fei-Hai, Zobel, Martin, and Götzenberger, Lars

Subjects
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Ecological Applications, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Life Below Water, Life on Land, Carbon Sequestration, Climate Change, Ecosystem, Plant Development, Plants, Soil, evenness, climate change drivers, species richness, stability, synchrony
Abstract

The stability of ecological communities is critical for the stable provisioning of ecosystem services, such as food and forage production, carbon sequestration, and soil fertility. Greater biodiversity is expected to enhance stability across years by decreasing synchrony among species, but the drivers of stability in nature remain poorly resolved. Our analysis of time series from 79 datasets across the world showed that stability was associated more strongly with the degree of synchrony among dominant species than with species richness. The relatively weak influence of species richness is consistent with theory predicting that the effect of richness on stability weakens when synchrony is higher than expected under random fluctuations, which was the case in most communities. Land management, nutrient addition, and climate change treatments had relatively weak and varying effects on stability, modifying how species richness, synchrony, and stability interact. Our results demonstrate the prevalence of biotic drivers on ecosystem stability, with the potential for environmental drivers to alter the intricate relationship among richness, synchrony, and stability.

Published
2020

5. InsectChange : a global database of temporal changes in insect and arachnid assemblages

Author

van Klink, Roel, Bowler, Diana E., Comay, Orr, Driessen, Michael M., Ernest, S. K. Morgan, Gentile, Alessandro, Gilbert, Francis, Gongalsky, Konstantin B., Owen, Jennifer, Pe’er, Guy, Pe’er, Israel, Resh, Vincent H., Rochlin, Ilia, Schuch, Sebastian, Swengel, Ann B., Swengel, Scott R., Valone, Thomas J., Vermeulen, Rikjan, Wepprich, Tyson, Wiedmann, Jerome L., and Chase, Jonathan M.

Published
2021

6. Synthesis reveals approximately balanced biotic differentiation and homogenization

Author

Blowes, Shane A., primary, McGill, Brian, additional, Brambilla, Viviana, additional, Chow, Cher F. Y., additional, Engel, Thore, additional, Fontrodona-Eslava, Ada, additional, Martins, Inês S., additional, McGlinn, Daniel, additional, Moyes, Faye, additional, Sagouis, Alban, additional, Shimadzu, Hideyasu, additional, van Klink, Roel, additional, Xu, Wu-Bing, additional, Gotelli, Nicholas J., additional, Magurran, Anne, additional, Dornelas, Maria, additional, and Chase, Jonathan M., additional

Published
2024
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13. Detecting Thresholds of Ecological Change in the Anthropocene

Author

Spake, Rebecca, primary, Barajas-Barbosa, Martha Paola, additional, Blowes, Shane A., additional, Bowler, Diana E., additional, Callaghan, Corey T., additional, Garbowski, Magda, additional, Jurburg, Stephanie D., additional, van Klink, Roel, additional, Korell, Lotte, additional, Ladouceur, Emma, additional, Rozzi, Roberto, additional, Viana, Duarte S., additional, Xu, Wu-Bing, additional, and Chase, Jonathan M., additional

Published
2022
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14. Classification of flying insects in polarimetric weather radar using machine learning and aphid trap data.

Author

Kwakye, Samuel, Kalesse-Los, Heike, Maahn, Maximilian, Seifert, Patric, van Klink, Roel, Wirth, Christian, and Quaas, Johannes

Subjects
RADAR meteorology, APHIDS, CLASSIFICATION of insects, MACHINE learning, INSECT surveys, PROBABILITY density function
Abstract

Over the past decades, studies have observed strong declines in biomass and the abundance of flying insects. However, there are many locations where no surveys of insect biomass or abundance are available. Weather radars are known to provide quantitative estimates of flying insect biomass and abundance, and can therefore be used to fill knowledge gaps in space and time. In this study, we go beyond previous studies by combining a machine-learning approach with ground-truth observations from an aphid trap network. In this study, radar echoes from Level-II (Base) data of three Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) stations in the U.S. are classified using machine learning approaches. Weekly aphid counts from suction traps at Manhattan (Kansas), Morris (Illinois), and Rosemount (Minnesota) are used as validation data. Variability and distribution of the radar signals of four scatterer classes (insects, light rain, heavy rain, and plankton) are assessed. Probability density functions (PDF) of reflectivities of insects and plankton were found to be distinct from those of light- and heavy rain. Furthermore, the PDF of radar variables of the insect scatter class was also characterized by a broad distribution of spectrum width, cross-correlation ratio, and a broad range of differential reflectivity values. Decision trees, random forests, and support vector machine models were generated to distinguish three combinations of scatterers. A random forest classifier is found to be the best-performing model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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15. Emerging technologies revolutionise insect ecology and monitoring

Author

van Klink, Roel, August, Tom, Bas, Yves, Bodesheim, Paul, Bonn, Aletta, Fossøy, Frode, Høye, Toke T., Jongejans, Eelke, Menz, Myles H.M., Miraldo, Andreia, Roslin, Tomas, Roy, Helen E., Ruczyński, Ireneusz, Schigel, Dmitry, Schäffler, Livia, Sheard, Julie K., Svenningsen, Cecilie, Tschan, Georg F., Wäldchen, Jana, Zizka, Vera M.A., Åström, Jens, Bowler, Diana E., van Klink, Roel, August, Tom, Bas, Yves, Bodesheim, Paul, Bonn, Aletta, Fossøy, Frode, Høye, Toke T., Jongejans, Eelke, Menz, Myles H.M., Miraldo, Andreia, Roslin, Tomas, Roy, Helen E., Ruczyński, Ireneusz, Schigel, Dmitry, Schäffler, Livia, Sheard, Julie K., Svenningsen, Cecilie, Tschan, Georg F., Wäldchen, Jana, Zizka, Vera M.A., Åström, Jens, and Bowler, Diana E.

Abstract

Insects are the most diverse group of animals on Earth, but their small size and high diversity have always made them challenging to study. Recent technological advances have the potential to revolutionise insect ecology and monitoring. We describe the state of the art of four technologies (computer vision, acoustic monitoring, radar, and molecular methods), and assess their advantages, current limitations, and future potential. We discuss how these technologies can adhere to modern standards of data curation and transparency, their implications for citizen science, and their potential for integration among different monitoring programmes and technologies. We argue that they provide unprecedented possibilities for insect ecology and monitoring, but it will be important to foster international standards via collaboration.

Published
2022

18. Biodiversity post-2020: Closing the gap between global targets and national-level implementation

Author

Perino, Andrea, Pereira, Henrique M., Felipe-Lucia, Maria, Kim, HyeJin, Kühl, Hjalmar S., Marselle, Melissa R., Meya, Jasper N., Meyer, Carsten, Navarro, Laetitia M., van Klink, Roel, Albert, Georg, Barratt, Christopher D., Bruelheide, Helge, Cao, Yun, Chamoin, Ariane, Darbi, Marianne, Dornelas, Maria, Eisenhauer, Nico, Essl, Franz, Farwig, Nina, Förster, Johannes, Freyhof, Jörg, Geschke, Jonas, Gottschall, Felix, Guerra, Carlos, Haase, Peter, Hickler, Thomas, Jacob, Ute, Kastner, Thomas, Korell, Lotte, Kühn, Ingolf, Lehmann, Gerlind U. C., Lenzner, Bernd, Marques, Alexandra, Motivans Švara, Elena, Quintero, Laura C., Pacheco, Andrea, Popp, Alexander, Rouet-Leduc, Julia, Schnabel, Florian, Siebert, Julia, Staude, Ingmar R., Trogisch, Stefan, Švara, Vid, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Pe'er, Guy, Raab, Kristina, Rakosy, Demetra, Vandewalle, Marie, Werner, Alexandra S., Wirth, Christian, Xu, Haigen, Yu, Dandan, Zinngrebe, Yves, Bonn, Aletta, University of St Andrews. School of Biology, University of St Andrews. Centre for Biological Diversity, University of St Andrews. Fish Behaviour and Biodiversity Research Group, and University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland

Subjects
GE, restoration, mainstreaming, QH301 Biology, remote responsibility, 580 Plants (Botany), GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, scenario, QH301, monitoring, biodiversity change, global biodiversity framework, T-DAS, values, implementation, GE Environmental Sciences
Abstract

This work is based on a workshop funded by iDiv via the German Research Foundation (DFG FZT 118 and 202548816). National and local governments need to step up efforts to effectively implement the post-2020 global biodiversity framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity to halt and reverse worsening biodiversity trends. Drawing on recent advances in interdisciplinary biodiversity science, we propose a framework for improved implementation by national and subnational governments. First, the identification of actions and the promotion of ownership across stakeholders need to recognize the multiple values of biodiversity and account for remote responsibility. Second, cross-sectorial implementation and mainstreaming should adopt scalable and multifunctional ecosystem restoration approaches and target positive futures for nature and people. Third, assessment of progress and adaptive management can be informed by novel biodiversity monitoring and modeling approaches handling the multidimensionality of biodiversity change. Publisher PDF

Published
2021

20. Biodiversity post‐2020: Closing the gap between global targets and national‐level implementation

Author

Perino, Andrea, primary, Pereira, Henrique M., additional, Felipe‐Lucia, Maria, additional, Kim, HyeJin, additional, Kühl, Hjalmar S., additional, Marselle, Melissa R., additional, Meya, Jasper N., additional, Meyer, Carsten, additional, Navarro, Laetitia M., additional, van Klink, Roel, additional, Albert, Georg, additional, Barratt, Christopher D., additional, Bruelheide, Helge, additional, Cao, Yun, additional, Chamoin, Ariane, additional, Darbi, Marianne, additional, Dornelas, Maria, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Essl, Franz, additional, Farwig, Nina, additional, Förster, Johannes, additional, Freyhof, Jörg, additional, Geschke, Jonas, additional, Gottschall, Felix, additional, Guerra, Carlos, additional, Haase, Peter, additional, Hickler, Thomas, additional, Jacob, Ute, additional, Kastner, Thomas, additional, Korell, Lotte, additional, Kühn, Ingolf, additional, Lehmann, Gerlind U. C., additional, Lenzner, Bernd, additional, Marques, Alexandra, additional, Motivans Švara, Elena, additional, Quintero, Laura C., additional, Pacheco, Andrea, additional, Popp, Alexander, additional, Rouet‐Leduc, Julia, additional, Schnabel, Florian, additional, Siebert, Julia, additional, Staude, Ingmar R., additional, Trogisch, Stefan, additional, Švara, Vid, additional, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, additional, Pe'er, Guy, additional, Raab, Kristina, additional, Rakosy, Demetra, additional, Vandewalle, Marie, additional, Werner, Alexandra S., additional, Wirth, Christian, additional, Xu, Haigen, additional, Yu, Dandan, additional, Zinngrebe, Yves, additional, and Bonn, Aletta, additional

Published
2021
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21. Synchrony Matters More than Species Richness in Plant Community Stability at a Global Scale

Author

Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, National Science Foundation (NSF). United States, National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network, Institute on the Environment, Agency of the Czech Republic, Czech Academy of Sciences, Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). UK., Valencia, Enrique, de Bello, Francesco, Galland, Thomas, Adler, Peter B., Lepš, Jan, E-Vojtkó, Anna, van Klink, Roel, Carmona, Carlos P., Danihelka, Jiří, Dengler, Jürgen, Rueda García, Marta, Götzenberger, Lars, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, National Science Foundation (NSF). United States, National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network, Institute on the Environment, Agency of the Czech Republic, Czech Academy of Sciences, Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). UK., Valencia, Enrique, de Bello, Francesco, Galland, Thomas, Adler, Peter B., Lepš, Jan, E-Vojtkó, Anna, van Klink, Roel, Carmona, Carlos P., Danihelka, Jiří, Dengler, Jürgen, Rueda García, Marta, and Götzenberger, Lars

Abstract

The stability of ecological communities is critical for the stable provisioning of ecosystem services, such as food and forage production, carbon sequestration, and soil fertility. Greater biodiversity is expected to enhance stability across years by decreasing synchrony among species, but the drivers of stability in nature remain poorly resolved. Our analysis of time series from 79 datasets across the world showed that stability was associated more strongly with the degree of synchrony among dominant species than with species richness. The relatively weak influence of species richness is consistent with theory predicting that the effect of richness on stability weakens when synchrony is higher than expected under random fluctuations, which was the case in most communities. Land management, nutrient addition, and climate change treatments had relatively weak and varying effects on stability, modifying how species richness, synchrony, and stability interact. Our results demonstrate the prevalence of biotic drivers on ecosystem stability, with the potential for environmental drivers to alter the intricate relationship among richness, synchrony, and stability.

Published
2020

22. A global database for metacommunity ecology, integrating species, traits, environment and space

Author

German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, German Research Foundation, Fédération Île de France de Recherche en Environnement, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Swiss National Science Foundation, Jeliazkov, Alienor, Mijatovic, Darko, Chantepie, Stéphane, Andrew, Nigel, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Barbaro, Luc, Barsoum, Nadia, Bartonova, Alena, Belskaya, Elena, Bonada, Núria, Brind’Amour, Anik, Carvalho, Rodrigo, Castro, Helena, Chmura, Damian, Choler, Philippe, Chong-Seng, Karen, Cleary, Daniel, Cormont, Anouk, Cornwell, William, Campos, Ramiro de, de Voogd, Nicole, Dolédec, Sylvain, Drew, Joshua, Dziock, Frank, Eallonardo, Anthony, Edgar, Melanie J., Farneda, Fábio, Flores Hernández, Domingo, Frenette-Dussault, Cédric, Fried, Guillaume, Gallardo, Belinda, Gibb, Heloise, Gonçalves Souza, Thiago, Higuti, Janet, Humbert, Jean-Yves, Krasnov, Boris R., Le Saux, Eric, Lindo, Zoe, Lopez-Baucells, Adria, Lowe, Elizabeth, Marteinsdottir, Bryndis, Martens, Koen, Meffert, Peter, Mellado-Díaz, Andrés, Menz, Myles H. M., Meyer, Christoph F. J., Ramos Miranda, Julia, Mouillot, David, Ossola, Alessandro, Pakeman, Robin, Pavoine, Sandrine, Pekin, Burak, Pino, Joan, Pocheville, Arnaud, Pomati, Francesco, Poschlod, Peter, Prentice, Honor C., Purschke, Oliver, Raevel, Valerie, Reitalu, Triin, Renema, Willem, Ribera, Ignacio, Robinson, Natalie, Robroek, Bjorn, Rocha, Ricardo, Shieh, Sen-Her, Spake, Rebecca, Staniaszek-Kik, Monika, Stanko, Michal, Tejerina-Garro, Francisco Leonardo, ter Braak, Cajo, Urban, Mark C., van Klink, Roel, Villéger, Sébastien, Wegman, Ruut, Westgate, Martin J., Wolff, Jonas, Żarnowiec, Jan, Zolotarev, Maxim, Chase, Jonathan M., German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, German Research Foundation, Fédération Île de France de Recherche en Environnement, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Swiss National Science Foundation, Jeliazkov, Alienor, Mijatovic, Darko, Chantepie, Stéphane, Andrew, Nigel, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Barbaro, Luc, Barsoum, Nadia, Bartonova, Alena, Belskaya, Elena, Bonada, Núria, Brind’Amour, Anik, Carvalho, Rodrigo, Castro, Helena, Chmura, Damian, Choler, Philippe, Chong-Seng, Karen, Cleary, Daniel, Cormont, Anouk, Cornwell, William, Campos, Ramiro de, de Voogd, Nicole, Dolédec, Sylvain, Drew, Joshua, Dziock, Frank, Eallonardo, Anthony, Edgar, Melanie J., Farneda, Fábio, Flores Hernández, Domingo, Frenette-Dussault, Cédric, Fried, Guillaume, Gallardo, Belinda, Gibb, Heloise, Gonçalves Souza, Thiago, Higuti, Janet, Humbert, Jean-Yves, Krasnov, Boris R., Le Saux, Eric, Lindo, Zoe, Lopez-Baucells, Adria, Lowe, Elizabeth, Marteinsdottir, Bryndis, Martens, Koen, Meffert, Peter, Mellado-Díaz, Andrés, Menz, Myles H. M., Meyer, Christoph F. J., Ramos Miranda, Julia, Mouillot, David, Ossola, Alessandro, Pakeman, Robin, Pavoine, Sandrine, Pekin, Burak, Pino, Joan, Pocheville, Arnaud, Pomati, Francesco, Poschlod, Peter, Prentice, Honor C., Purschke, Oliver, Raevel, Valerie, Reitalu, Triin, Renema, Willem, Ribera, Ignacio, Robinson, Natalie, Robroek, Bjorn, Rocha, Ricardo, Shieh, Sen-Her, Spake, Rebecca, Staniaszek-Kik, Monika, Stanko, Michal, Tejerina-Garro, Francisco Leonardo, ter Braak, Cajo, Urban, Mark C., van Klink, Roel, Villéger, Sébastien, Wegman, Ruut, Westgate, Martin J., Wolff, Jonas, Żarnowiec, Jan, Zolotarev, Maxim, and Chase, Jonathan M.

Abstract

The use of functional information in the form of species traits plays an important role in explaining biodiversity patterns and responses to environmental changes. Although relationships between species composition, their traits, and the environment have been extensively studied on a case-by-case basis, results are variable, and it remains unclear how generalizable these relationships are across ecosystems, taxa and spatial scales. To address this gap, we collated 80 datasets from trait-based studies into a global database for metaCommunity Ecology: Species, Traits, Environment and Space; “CESTES”. Each dataset includes four matrices: species community abundances or presences/absences across multiple sites, species trait information, environmental variables and spatial coordinates of the sampling sites. The CESTES database is a live database: it will be maintained and expanded in the future as new datasets become available. By its harmonized structure, and the diversity of ecosystem types, taxonomic groups, and spatial scales it covers, the CESTES database provides an important opportunity for synthetic trait-based research in community ecology.

Published
2020

23. A global database for metacommunity ecology, integrating species, traits, environment and space

Author

Jeliazkov, Alienor, Mijatovic, Darko, Chantepie, Stéphane, Andrew, Nigel, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Barbaro, Luc, Barsoum, Nadia, Bartonova, Alena, Belskaya, Elena, Bonada, Núria, Brind’Amour, Anik, Carvalho, Rodrigo, Castro, Helena, Chmura, Damian, Choler, Philippe, Chong-Seng, Karen, Cleary, Daniel, Cormont, Anouk, Cornwell, William, de Campos, Ramiro, de Voogd, Nicole, Doledec, Sylvain, Drew, Joshua, Dziock, Frank, Eallonardo, Anthony, Edgar, Melanie J., Farneda, Fábio, Hernandez, Domingo Flores, Frenette-Dussault, Cédric, Fried, Guillaume, Gallardo, Belinda, Gibb, Heloise, Gonçalves-Souza, Thiago, Higuti, Janet, Humbert, Jean Yves, Krasnov, Boris R., Saux, Eric Le, Lindo, Zoe, Lopez-Baucells, Adria, Lowe, Elizabeth, Marteinsdottir, Bryndis, Martens, Koen, Meffert, Peter, Mellado-Díaz, Andres, Menz, Myles H.M., Meyer, Christoph F.J., Miranda, Julia Ramos, Mouillot, David, Ossola, Alessandro, Pakeman, Robin, Pavoine, Sandrine, Pekin, Burak, Pino, Joan, Pocheville, Arnaud, Pomati, Francesco, Poschlod, Peter, Prentice, Honor C., Purschke, Oliver, Raevel, Valerie, Reitalu, Triin, Renema, Willem, Ribera, Ignacio, Robinson, Natalie, Robroek, Bjorn, Rocha, Ricardo, Shieh, Sen Her, Spake, Rebecca, Staniaszek-Kik, Monika, Stanko, Michal, Tejerina-Garro, Francisco Leonardo, ter Braak, Cajo, Urban, Mark C., van Klink, Roel, Villéger, Sébastien, Wegman, Ruut, Westgate, Martin J., Wolff, Jonas, Żarnowiec, Jan, Zolotarev, Maxim, Chase, Jonathan M., Jeliazkov, Alienor, Mijatovic, Darko, Chantepie, Stéphane, Andrew, Nigel, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Barbaro, Luc, Barsoum, Nadia, Bartonova, Alena, Belskaya, Elena, Bonada, Núria, Brind’Amour, Anik, Carvalho, Rodrigo, Castro, Helena, Chmura, Damian, Choler, Philippe, Chong-Seng, Karen, Cleary, Daniel, Cormont, Anouk, Cornwell, William, de Campos, Ramiro, de Voogd, Nicole, Doledec, Sylvain, Drew, Joshua, Dziock, Frank, Eallonardo, Anthony, Edgar, Melanie J., Farneda, Fábio, Hernandez, Domingo Flores, Frenette-Dussault, Cédric, Fried, Guillaume, Gallardo, Belinda, Gibb, Heloise, Gonçalves-Souza, Thiago, Higuti, Janet, Humbert, Jean Yves, Krasnov, Boris R., Saux, Eric Le, Lindo, Zoe, Lopez-Baucells, Adria, Lowe, Elizabeth, Marteinsdottir, Bryndis, Martens, Koen, Meffert, Peter, Mellado-Díaz, Andres, Menz, Myles H.M., Meyer, Christoph F.J., Miranda, Julia Ramos, Mouillot, David, Ossola, Alessandro, Pakeman, Robin, Pavoine, Sandrine, Pekin, Burak, Pino, Joan, Pocheville, Arnaud, Pomati, Francesco, Poschlod, Peter, Prentice, Honor C., Purschke, Oliver, Raevel, Valerie, Reitalu, Triin, Renema, Willem, Ribera, Ignacio, Robinson, Natalie, Robroek, Bjorn, Rocha, Ricardo, Shieh, Sen Her, Spake, Rebecca, Staniaszek-Kik, Monika, Stanko, Michal, Tejerina-Garro, Francisco Leonardo, ter Braak, Cajo, Urban, Mark C., van Klink, Roel, Villéger, Sébastien, Wegman, Ruut, Westgate, Martin J., Wolff, Jonas, Żarnowiec, Jan, Zolotarev, Maxim, and Chase, Jonathan M.

Abstract

The use of functional information in the form of species traits plays an important role in explaining biodiversity patterns and responses to environmental changes. Although relationships between species composition, their traits, and the environment have been extensively studied on a case-by-case basis, results are variable, and it remains unclear how generalizable these relationships are across ecosystems, taxa and spatial scales. To address this gap, we collated 80 datasets from trait-based studies into a global database for metaCommunity Ecology: Species, Traits, Environment and Space; “CESTES”. Each dataset includes four matrices: species community abundances or presences/absences across multiple sites, species trait information, environmental variables and spatial coordinates of the sampling sites. The CESTES database is a live database: it will be maintained and expanded in the future as new datasets become available. By its harmonized structure, and the diversity of ecosystem types, taxonomic groups, and spatial scales it covers, the CESTES database provides an important opportunity for synthetic trait-based research in community ecology.

Published
2020

24. Author Correction: A global database for metacommunity ecology, integrating species, traits, environment and space

Author

Jeliazkov, Alienor, Mijatovic, Darko, Chantepie, Stéphane, Andrew, Nigel, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Barbaro, Luc, Barsoum, Nadia, Bartonova, Alena, Belskaya, Elena, Bonada, Núria, Brind’Amour, Anik, Carvalho, Rodrigo, Castro, Helena, Chmura, Damian, Choler, Philippe, Chong-Seng, Karen, Cleary, Daniel, Cormont, Anouk, Cornwell, William, de Campos, Ramiro, de Voogd, Nicole, Doledec, Sylvain, Drew, Joshua, Dziock, Frank, Eallonardo, Anthony, Edgar, Melanie J., Farneda, Fábio, Hernandez, Domingo Flores, Frenette-Dussault, Cédric, Fried, Guillaume, Gallardo, Belinda, Gibb, Heloise, Gonçalves-Souza, Thiago, Higuti, Janet, Humbert, Jean Yves, Krasnov, Boris R., Saux, Eric Le, Lindo, Zoe, Lopez-Baucells, Adria, Lowe, Elizabeth, Marteinsdottir, Bryndis, Martens, Koen, Meffert, Peter, Mellado-Díaz, Andres, Menz, Myles H.M., Meyer, Christoph F.J., Miranda, Julia Ramos, Mouillot, David, Ossola, Alessandro, Pakeman, Robin, Pavoine, Sandrine, Pekin, Burak, Pino, Joan, Pocheville, Arnaud, Pomati, Francesco, Poschlod, Peter, Prentice, Honor C., Purschke, Oliver, Raevel, Valerie, Reitalu, Triin, Renema, Willem, Ribera, Ignacio, Robinson, Natalie, Robroek, Bjorn, Rocha, Ricardo, Shieh, Sen Her, Spake, Rebecca, Staniaszek-Kik, Monika, Stanko, Michal, Tejerina-Garro, Francisco Leonardo, ter Braak, Cajo, Urban, Mark C., van Klink, Roel, Villéger, Sébastien, Wegman, Ruut, Westgate, Martin J., Wolff, Jonas, Żarnowiec, Jan, Zolotarev, Maxim, Chase, Jonathan M., Jeliazkov, Alienor, Mijatovic, Darko, Chantepie, Stéphane, Andrew, Nigel, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Barbaro, Luc, Barsoum, Nadia, Bartonova, Alena, Belskaya, Elena, Bonada, Núria, Brind’Amour, Anik, Carvalho, Rodrigo, Castro, Helena, Chmura, Damian, Choler, Philippe, Chong-Seng, Karen, Cleary, Daniel, Cormont, Anouk, Cornwell, William, de Campos, Ramiro, de Voogd, Nicole, Doledec, Sylvain, Drew, Joshua, Dziock, Frank, Eallonardo, Anthony, Edgar, Melanie J., Farneda, Fábio, Hernandez, Domingo Flores, Frenette-Dussault, Cédric, Fried, Guillaume, Gallardo, Belinda, Gibb, Heloise, Gonçalves-Souza, Thiago, Higuti, Janet, Humbert, Jean Yves, Krasnov, Boris R., Saux, Eric Le, Lindo, Zoe, Lopez-Baucells, Adria, Lowe, Elizabeth, Marteinsdottir, Bryndis, Martens, Koen, Meffert, Peter, Mellado-Díaz, Andres, Menz, Myles H.M., Meyer, Christoph F.J., Miranda, Julia Ramos, Mouillot, David, Ossola, Alessandro, Pakeman, Robin, Pavoine, Sandrine, Pekin, Burak, Pino, Joan, Pocheville, Arnaud, Pomati, Francesco, Poschlod, Peter, Prentice, Honor C., Purschke, Oliver, Raevel, Valerie, Reitalu, Triin, Renema, Willem, Ribera, Ignacio, Robinson, Natalie, Robroek, Bjorn, Rocha, Ricardo, Shieh, Sen Her, Spake, Rebecca, Staniaszek-Kik, Monika, Stanko, Michal, Tejerina-Garro, Francisco Leonardo, ter Braak, Cajo, Urban, Mark C., van Klink, Roel, Villéger, Sébastien, Wegman, Ruut, Westgate, Martin J., Wolff, Jonas, Żarnowiec, Jan, Zolotarev, Maxim, and Chase, Jonathan M.

Abstract

Following publication of this Data Descriptor it was found that the affiliation of Oliver Purschke was stated incorrectly. The correct affiliations are stated below: Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden This has been corrected in both the HTML and PDF versions.

Published
2020

25. Biodiversity post‐2020: Closing the gap between global targets and national‐level implementation.

Author

Perino, Andrea, Pereira, Henrique M., Felipe‐Lucia, Maria, Kim, HyeJin, Kühl, Hjalmar S., Marselle, Melissa R., Meya, Jasper N., Meyer, Carsten, Navarro, Laetitia M., van Klink, Roel, Albert, Georg, Barratt, Christopher D., Bruelheide, Helge, Cao, Yun, Chamoin, Ariane, Darbi, Marianne, Dornelas, Maria, Eisenhauer, Nico, Essl, Franz, and Farwig, Nina

Subjects
BIODIVERSITY monitoring, RESTORATION ecology, SUBNATIONAL governments, BIODIVERSITY, FEDERAL government, LOCAL government
Abstract

National and local governments need to step up efforts to effectively implement the post‐2020 global biodiversity framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity to halt and reverse worsening biodiversity trends. Drawing on recent advances in interdisciplinary biodiversity science, we propose a framework for improved implementation by national and subnational governments. First, the identification of actions and the promotion of ownership across stakeholders need to recognize the multiple values of biodiversity and account for remote responsibility. Second, cross‐sectorial implementation and mainstreaming should adopt scalable and multifunctional ecosystem restoration approaches and target positive futures for nature and people. Third, assessment of progress and adaptive management can be informed by novel biodiversity monitoring and modeling approaches handling the multidimensionality of biodiversity change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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27. Rewilding complex ecosystems

Author

Perino, Andrea, Pereira, Henrique M., Navarro, Laetitia M., Fernández, Néstor, Bullock, James M., Ceaușu, Silvia, Cortés-Avizanda, Ainara, van Klink, Roel, Kuemmerle, Tobias, Lomba, Angela, Pe’er, Guy, Plieninger, Tobias, Rey Benayas, José M., Sandom, Christopher J., Svenning, Jens-Christian, Wheeler, Helen C., Perino, Andrea, Pereira, Henrique M., Navarro, Laetitia M., Fernández, Néstor, Bullock, James M., Ceaușu, Silvia, Cortés-Avizanda, Ainara, van Klink, Roel, Kuemmerle, Tobias, Lomba, Angela, Pe’er, Guy, Plieninger, Tobias, Rey Benayas, José M., Sandom, Christopher J., Svenning, Jens-Christian, and Wheeler, Helen C.

Abstract

The practice of rewilding has been both promoted and criticized in recent years. Benefits include flexibility to react to environmental change and the promotion of opportunities for society to reconnect with nature. Criticisms include the lack of a clear conceptualization of rewilding, insufficient knowledge about possible outcomes, and the perception that rewilding excludes people from landscapes. Here, we present a framework for rewilding that addresses these concerns. We suggest that rewilding efforts should target trophic complexity, natural disturbances, and dispersal as interacting processes that can improve ecosystem resilience and maintain biodiversity. We propose a structured approach to rewilding projects that includes assessment of the contributions of nature to people and the social-ecological constraints on restoration.

Published
2019

28. CESTES - A global database for metaCommunity Ecology: Species, Traits, Environment and Space

Author

Jeliazkov, Alienor, Mijatovic, Darko, Chantepie, Stéphane, Andrew, Nigel, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Barbaro, Luc, Barsoum, Nadia, Bartonova, Alena, Belskaya, Elena, Bonada, Núria, Brind’Amour, Anik, Carvalho, Rodrigo, Castro, Helena, Chmura, Damian, Choler, Philippe, Chong-Seng, Karen, Cleary, Daniel, Cormont, Anouk, Cornwell, William, de Campos, Ramiro, de Voogd, Nicole, Doledec, Sylvain, Drew, Joshua, Dziock, Frank, Eallonardo, Anthony, Edgar, Melanie J., Farneda, Fábio, Hernandez, Domingo Flores, Frenette-Dussault, Cédric, Fried, Guillaume, Gallardo, Belinda, Gibb, Heloise, Gonçalves-Souza, Thiago, Higuti, Janet, Humbert, Jean Yves, Krasnov, Boris R., Saux, Eric Le, Lindo, Zoe, Lopez-Baucells, Adria, Lowe, Elizabeth, Marteinsdottir, Bryndis, Martens, Koen, Meffert, Peter, Mellado-Díaz, Andres, Menz, Myles H.M., Meyer, Christoph F.J., Miranda, Julia Ramos, Mouillot, David, Ossola, Alessandro, Pakeman, Robin, Pavoine, Sandrine, Pekin, Burak, Pino, Joan, Pocheville, Arnaud, Pomati, Francesco, Poschlod, Peter, Prentice, Honor C., Purschke, Oliver, Robroek, Bjorn, Rocha, Ricardo, Shieh, Sen Her, Spake, Rebecca, Staniaszek-Kik, Monika, Stanko, Michal, Tejerina-Garro, Francisco Leonardo, ter Braak, Cajo, Urban, Mark C., van Klink, Roel, Villéger, Sébastien, Wegman, Ruut, Westgate, Martin J., Wolff, Jonas, Żarnowiec, Jan, Zolotarev, Maxim, Chase, Jonathan M., Jeliazkov, Alienor, Mijatovic, Darko, Chantepie, Stéphane, Andrew, Nigel, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Barbaro, Luc, Barsoum, Nadia, Bartonova, Alena, Belskaya, Elena, Bonada, Núria, Brind’Amour, Anik, Carvalho, Rodrigo, Castro, Helena, Chmura, Damian, Choler, Philippe, Chong-Seng, Karen, Cleary, Daniel, Cormont, Anouk, Cornwell, William, de Campos, Ramiro, de Voogd, Nicole, Doledec, Sylvain, Drew, Joshua, Dziock, Frank, Eallonardo, Anthony, Edgar, Melanie J., Farneda, Fábio, Hernandez, Domingo Flores, Frenette-Dussault, Cédric, Fried, Guillaume, Gallardo, Belinda, Gibb, Heloise, Gonçalves-Souza, Thiago, Higuti, Janet, Humbert, Jean Yves, Krasnov, Boris R., Saux, Eric Le, Lindo, Zoe, Lopez-Baucells, Adria, Lowe, Elizabeth, Marteinsdottir, Bryndis, Martens, Koen, Meffert, Peter, Mellado-Díaz, Andres, Menz, Myles H.M., Meyer, Christoph F.J., Miranda, Julia Ramos, Mouillot, David, Ossola, Alessandro, Pakeman, Robin, Pavoine, Sandrine, Pekin, Burak, Pino, Joan, Pocheville, Arnaud, Pomati, Francesco, Poschlod, Peter, Prentice, Honor C., Purschke, Oliver, Robroek, Bjorn, Rocha, Ricardo, Shieh, Sen Her, Spake, Rebecca, Staniaszek-Kik, Monika, Stanko, Michal, Tejerina-Garro, Francisco Leonardo, ter Braak, Cajo, Urban, Mark C., van Klink, Roel, Villéger, Sébastien, Wegman, Ruut, Westgate, Martin J., Wolff, Jonas, Żarnowiec, Jan, Zolotarev, Maxim, and Chase, Jonathan M.

Abstract

CESTES is a global database for metaCommunity Ecology: Species, Traits, Environment and Space. It compiles 80 datasets from trait-based studies. Each dataset includes four matrices: species community abundances or presences/absences across multiple sites, species trait information, environmental variables and spatial coordinates of the sampling sites. CESTES presents a harmonized structure and covers a diversity of ecosystem types (marine, terrestrial, freshwater), taxonomic groups (plants, vertebrates, invertebrates...), geographical regions, and spatial scales. The CESTES database is a live database: it will be maintained and expanded in the future as new datasets become available (https://icestes.github.io/sharedata). A zipped folder called “CESTES.zip” includes two alternative formats for the CESTES database: - a “xCESTES” folder that includes 80 Excel files (one file per dataset), each named according to the following structure: “AuthorPublicationYear.xlsx” - a “rCESTES” folder that includes the CESTES core processed database (comm, traits, envir, coord matrices) as an R list object “CESTES.RData” plus two R scripts, and two metadata tables for data processing and exploration. This “CESTES.zip” folder also includes: - an extended metadata table, “CESTES_metadata.xlsx”, that provides the general metadata information of all the datasets, - a tutorial document, “HOW_TO_SHARE_MY_DATA_FOR_CESTES.pdf”, that explains how to share data for integrating future datasets in the database. A second zipped folder, called "ceste.zip", corresponds to the non-spatial ancillary to CESTES. We provide access to 10 additional datasets that were not completely suitable for the CESTES database, due to the absence of spatial information or insufficient metadata but that were potentially valuable for their three other data matrices (comm, traits, envir). They follow the same structure as CESTES, except that they do not present the “coord” sheet and sometimes include only partial metadat, CESTES is a global database for metaCommunity Ecology: Species, Traits, Environment and Space. It compiles 80 datasets from trait-based studies. Each dataset includes four matrices: species community abundances or presences/absences across multiple sites, species trait information, environmental variables and spatial coordinates of the sampling sites. CESTES presents a harmonized structure and covers a diversity of ecosystem types (marine, terrestrial, freshwater), taxonomic groups (plants, vertebrates, invertebrates...), geographical regions, and spatial scales. The CESTES database is a live database: it will be maintained and expanded in the future as new datasets become available (https://icestes.github.io/sharedata). A zipped folder called “CESTES.zip” includes two alternative formats for the CESTES database: - a “xCESTES” folder that includes 80 Excel files (one file per dataset), each named according to the following structure: “AuthorPublicationYear.xlsx” - a “rCESTES” folder that includes the CESTES core processed database (comm, traits, envir, coord matrices) as an R list object “CESTES.RData” plus two R scripts, and two metadata tables for data processing and exploration. This “CESTES.zip” folder also includes: - an extended metadata table, “CESTES_metadata.xlsx”, that provides the general metadata information of all the datasets, - a tutorial document, “HOW_TO_SHARE_MY_DATA_FOR_CESTES.pdf”, that explains how to share data for integrating future datasets in the database. A second zipped folder, called "ceste.zip", corresponds to the non-spatial ancillary to CESTES. We provide access to 10 additional datasets that were not completely suitable for the CESTES database, due to the absence of spatial information or insufficient metadata but that were potentially valuable for their three other data matrices (comm, traits, envir). They follow the same structure as CESTES, except that they do not present the “coord” sheet and sometimes include only partial metadat

Published
2019

29. Analysis of insect monitoring data from De Kaaistoep and Drenthe

Author

Hallmann, C.A., Zeegers, Theo, van Klink, Roel, Vermeulen, Rikjan, van Wielink, Paul, Spijkers, Henk, and Jongejans, E.

Subjects
Animal Ecology and Physiology, Plant Ecology, Reports Animal Ecology and Physiology
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 198125.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) 39 p.

Published
2018

30. Of dwarves and giants:How large herbivores shape arthropod communities on salt marshes

Author

van Klink, Roel, van Klink, Roel, van Klink, Roel, and van Klink, Roel

Abstract

Om plantensoortenrijkdom te behouden worden op kwelders (buitendijkse graslanden die regelmatig overstromen met zeewater) en veel andere typen natuurgebieden steeds vaker grote grazers, zoals koeien of paarden, ingezet. Hierbij krijgen insecten en andere ongewervelden echter weinig aandacht. Dit proefschrift beschrijft hoe gemeenschappen van ongewervelden reageren op beweiding, met aandacht voor verschillen tussen soorten grazers, beweidingsdichtheden en rotatiebeheer (jaarlijkse wisseling tussen beweide en onbeweide jaren). Plantensoortenrijkdom neemt vaak toe wanneer grote grazers worden ingezet. Dit komt grotendeels omdat deze dieren, door hoge planten op te eten, zorgen dat meer licht de bodem breikt, en lagere planten een kans krijgen. Uit mijn onderzoek blijkt echter dat soortenrijkdom van ongewervelden vaak afneemt in aanwezigheid van grote grazers. Op kwelders zijn de meeste soorten insecten en andere ongewervelden afhankelijk van hoge vegetatie als voedselbron of als bescherming tegen overstromingen, terwijl een minderheid aan soorten korte vegetatie prefereert. Als de vegetatie wordt opgegeten door grote grazers zullen de bestaansmogelijkheden voor de meeste soorten dus afnemen of verdwijnen. Beweidingsdichtheid blijkt voor soortenrijkdom van ongewervelden de belangrijkste bepalende factor te zijn. Dit bepaalt hoe veel vegetatie wordt opgegeten, en dus welke mogelijkheden er voor ongewervelden bestaan. Welke soort grazer wordt ingezet lijkt hier een ondergeschikte rol te spelen. De beste kans om soortenrijkdom van ongewervelden op kwelders en andere typen graslanden te waarborgen ligt in het creeëren van heterogeniteit. Dit kan bereikt worden door verschillend beheerde terreinen naast elkaar te behouden, te beweiden met lage dichtheden of met rotatiebeheer., Livestock grazing is a commonly applied management type to maintain plant species richness on coastal salt marshes and other grassland types. The effects of this grazing management on invertebrates, however, are generally neglected. This thesis assesses how invertebrate communities are affected by grazing management, with regard to grazer species and density as well as rotational grazing (annual rotations of grazed and ungrazed years). Plant species richness is often increased by grazing. This happens largely through a decrease in competition for light, since large grazers consume tall plant species, creating possibilities for short-statured plant species. My research, however, shows that invertebrate species richness usually decreases under grazing management. Especially on salt marshes, many invertebrate species depend on tall vegetation as a source of food or protection from inundations. When this vegetation is consumed by large grazers, many of the food sources and habitats of invertebrates will decrease or disappear, leading to a decline in species richness. Stocking density is the most important factor determining how invertebrate species richness is affected by grazing, since it determines the amount of biomass that is consumed. The species of livestock used for management seems to play a minor role. The chances for preserving species richness of invertebrates, as well as plants and birds, are increased when heterogeneity is maximised. This can be achieved by maintaining differently managed areas in close proximity, maintenance of low stocking densities in large and continuous areas, or rotational grazing.

Published
2014

31. The importance of canopy complexity in shaping seasonal spider and beetle assemblages in saltmarsh habitats

Author

Ford, Hilary, Evans, Ben, Van Klink, Roel, Skov, Martin W., Garbutt, Angus, Ford, Hilary, Evans, Ben, Van Klink, Roel, Skov, Martin W., and Garbutt, Angus

Abstract

1. Habitat structure, including vegetation structural complexity, largely determines invertebrate assemblages in semi-natural grasslands. The importance of structural complexity to the saltmarsh invertebrate community, where the interplay between vegetation characteristics and tidal inundation is key, is less well known. 2. It was hypothesised that canopy complexity would be a more important predictor of spider and beetle assemblages than simple vegetation attributes (e.g. height, community type) and environmental variables (e.g. elevation) alone, measured in two saltmarsh regions, south-east (Essex) and north-west (Morecambe Bay) U.K. Canopy complexity (number of non-vegetated ‘gaps’ in canopy ≥ 1 mm wide) was assessed using side-on photography. Over 1500 spiders and beetles were sampled via suction sampling, winter and summer combined. 3. In summer, saltmarshes with abundant spider and beetle populations were characterised by high scores for canopy complexity often associated with tussocky grass or shrub cover. Simple vegetation attributes (plant cover, height) accounted for 26% of variation in spider abundance and 14% in spider diversity, rising to 46% and 41%, respectively, with the addition of canopy complexity score. Overwintering spider assemblages were associated with elevation and vegetation biomass. Summer beetle abundance, in particular the predatory and zoophagous group, and diversity were best explained by elevation and plant species richness. 4. Summer canopy complexity was identified as a positive habitat feature for saltmarsh spider communities (ground-running hunters and sheet weavers) with significant ‘added value’ over more commonly measured attributes of vegetation structure.

Published
2017

32. Cross-realm assessment of climate-change impacts on species’ abundance trends

Author

Bowler, Diana E., Hof, Christian, Haase, Peter, Kröncke, Ingrid, Scweiger, Oliver, Adrian, Rita, Baert, Leon, Bauer, Hans-Günther, Blick, Theo, Brooker, Rob W., Dekoninck, W., Domisch, Sami, Eckmann, Reiner, Hendrickx, Frederik, Hickler, Thomas, Klotz, Stefan, Kraberg, Alexandra, Kühn, Ingolf, Matesanz, Silvia, Meschede, Angelika, Neumann, Hermann, O'Hara, Robert, Russell, D. J., Sell, Anne F., Sonnewald, Moritz, Stoll, Stefan, Sundermann, Andrea, Tackenberg, Oliver, Türkay, Michael, Valladares, Fernando, van Herk, Kok, van Klink, Roel, Vermeulen, Rikjan, Voigtländer, Karin, Wagner, Rüdiger, Welk, Erik, Wiemers, Martin, Wiltshire, Karen H., Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Bowler, Diana E., Hof, Christian, Haase, Peter, Kröncke, Ingrid, Scweiger, Oliver, Adrian, Rita, Baert, Leon, Bauer, Hans-Günther, Blick, Theo, Brooker, Rob W., Dekoninck, W., Domisch, Sami, Eckmann, Reiner, Hendrickx, Frederik, Hickler, Thomas, Klotz, Stefan, Kraberg, Alexandra, Kühn, Ingolf, Matesanz, Silvia, Meschede, Angelika, Neumann, Hermann, O'Hara, Robert, Russell, D. J., Sell, Anne F., Sonnewald, Moritz, Stoll, Stefan, Sundermann, Andrea, Tackenberg, Oliver, Türkay, Michael, Valladares, Fernando, van Herk, Kok, van Klink, Roel, Vermeulen, Rikjan, Voigtländer, Karin, Wagner, Rüdiger, Welk, Erik, Wiemers, Martin, Wiltshire, Karen H., and Böhning-Gaese, Katrin

Published
2017

33. Kritische Artenliste der Zikaden der Schweiz (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha)

Author

Mühlethaler, Roland, Trivellone, Valeria, Van Klink, Roel, Niedringhaus, Rolf, and Nickel, Herbert

Subjects
570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology)
Abstract

Eine kommentierte Liste aller für die Schweiz gemeldeten Zikadenarten wurde zusammengestellt. Es wurden nur publizierte Daten berücksichtigt; zusätzlich werden 10 Arten hier zum ersten Mal für die Schweiz gemeldet: Hyalesthes luteipes Fieber, Calligypona reyi (Fieber), Kelisia confusa Linnavuori, Xanthodelphax flaveola (Flor), Macropsis haupti Wagner, M. remanei Nickel, Erythria cisalpina Dworakowska, Euscelis distinguendus (Kirschbaum), Metalimnus steini (Fieber) und Proceps aci-cularis Mulsant & Rey. Die Artenliste der Schweiz zählt aktuell insgesamt 561 bestätigte Arten (davon wurden allerdings rund 40 nicht mehr in den letzten 50 Jahren nachgewiesen). Zusätzlich wurde eine Liste mit insgesamt 173 weiteren Arten erstellt, die geografisch und ökologisch zu erwarten sind. 17 Arten aus der Literatur wurden wegen Fehldetermination oder taxonomischer Probleme nicht in die Liste aufgenommen.

Published
2016
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35. Of dwarves and giants: How large herbivores shape arthropod communities on salt marshes

Author

van Klink, Roel, Bakker, Jan, WallisDeVries, Michiel F., and Olff group

Abstract

Om plantensoortenrijkdom te behouden worden op kwelders (buitendijkse graslanden die regelmatig overstromen met zeewater) en veel andere typen natuurgebieden steeds vaker grote grazers, zoals koeien of paarden, ingezet. Hierbij krijgen insecten en andere ongewervelden echter weinig aandacht. Dit proefschrift beschrijft hoe gemeenschappen van ongewervelden reageren op beweiding, met aandacht voor verschillen tussen soorten grazers, beweidingsdichtheden en rotatiebeheer (jaarlijkse wisseling tussen beweide en onbeweide jaren). Plantensoortenrijkdom neemt vaak toe wanneer grote grazers worden ingezet. Dit komt grotendeels omdat deze dieren, door hoge planten op te eten, zorgen dat meer licht de bodem breikt, en lagere planten een kans krijgen. Uit mijn onderzoek blijkt echter dat soortenrijkdom van ongewervelden vaak afneemt in aanwezigheid van grote grazers. Op kwelders zijn de meeste soorten insecten en andere ongewervelden afhankelijk van hoge vegetatie als voedselbron of als bescherming tegen overstromingen, terwijl een minderheid aan soorten korte vegetatie prefereert. Als de vegetatie wordt opgegeten door grote grazers zullen de bestaansmogelijkheden voor de meeste soorten dus afnemen of verdwijnen. Beweidingsdichtheid blijkt voor soortenrijkdom van ongewervelden de belangrijkste bepalende factor te zijn. Dit bepaalt hoe veel vegetatie wordt opgegeten, en dus welke mogelijkheden er voor ongewervelden bestaan. Welke soort grazer wordt ingezet lijkt hier een ondergeschikte rol te spelen. De beste kans om soortenrijkdom van ongewervelden op kwelders en andere typen graslanden te waarborgen ligt in het creeëren van heterogeniteit. Dit kan bereikt worden door verschillend beheerde terreinen naast elkaar te behouden, te beweiden met lage dichtheden of met rotatiebeheer.

Published
2014

37. Biodiversity post-2020: Closing the gap between global targets and national-level implementation

Author

Perino, Andrea, Pereira, Henrique M., Felipe-Lucia, Maria, Kim, HyeJin, Kuehl, Hjalmar S., Marselle, Melissa R., Meya, Jasper N., Meyer, Carsten, Navarro, Laetitia M., van Klink, Roel, Albert, Georg, Barratt, Christopher D., Bruelheide, Helge, Cao, Yun, Chamoin, Ariane, Darbi, Marianne, Dornelas, Maria, Eisenhauer, Nico, Essl, Franz, Farwig, Nina, Foerster, Johannes, Freyhof, Jorg, Geschke, Jonas, Gottschall, Felix, Guerra, Carlos, Haase, Peter, Hickler, Thomas, Jacob, Ute, Kastner, Thomas, Korell, Lotte, Kuehn, Ingolf, Lehmann, Gerlind U. C., Lenzner, Bernd, Marques, Alexandra, Svara, Elena Motivans, Quintero, Laura C., Pacheco, Andrea, Popp, Alexander, Rouet-Leduc, Julia, Schnabel, Florian, Siebert, Julia, Staude, Ingmar R., Trogisch, Stefan, Svara, Vid, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Pe'er, Guy, Raab, Kristina, Rakosy, Demetra, Vandewalle, Marie, Werner, Alexandra S., Wirth, Christian, Xu, Haigen, Yu, Dandan, Zinngrebe, Yves, and Bonn, Aletta

Subjects
13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, 15. Life on land, 580 Plants (Botany), GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National and local governments need to step up efforts to effectively implement the post-2020 global biodiversity framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity to halt and reverse worsening biodiversity trends. Drawing on recent advances in interdisciplinary biodiversity science, we propose a framework for improved implementation by national and subnational governments. First, the identification of actions and the promotion of ownership across stakeholders need to recognize the multiple values of biodiversity and account for remote responsibility. Second, cross-sectorial implementation and mainstreaming should adopt scalable and multifunctional ecosystem restoration approaches and target positive futures for nature and people. Third, assessment of progress and adaptive management can be informed by novel biodiversity monitoring and modeling approaches handling the multidimensionality of biodiversity change.

38. Risks and opportunities of trophic rewilding for arthropod communities.

Author

van Klink R and WallisDeVries MF

Subjects
Animals, Ecosystem, Herbivory, Arthropods, Biodiversity, Conservation of Natural Resources
Abstract

Trophic rewilding is a restoration strategy focusing on the restoration of trophic interactions to promote self-regulating, biodiverse ecosystems. It has been proposed as an alternative to traditional conservation management in abandoned or defaunated areas. Arthropods constitute the most species-rich group of eukaryotic organisms, but are rarely considered in rewilding. Here, we first present an overview of direct and indirect pathways by which large herbivores and predators affect arthropod communities. We then review the published evidence of the impacts of rewilding with large herbivores on arthropods, including grey literature. We find that systematic monitoring is rare and that a comparison with a relevant control treatment is usually lacking. Nevertheless, the available data suggest that when the important process of top-down control of large-herbivore populations is missing, arthropod diversity tends to decrease. To ensure that rewilding is supportive of biodiversity conservation, we propose that if natural processes can only partially be restored, substitutes for missing processes are applied. We also propose that boundaries of acceptable outcomes of rewilding actions should be defined a priori , particularly concerning biodiversity conservation, and that action is taken when these boundaries are transgressed. To evaluate the success of rewilding for biodiversity, monitoring of arthropod communities should be a key instrument.This article is part of the theme issue 'Trophic rewilding: consequences for ecosystems under global change'., (© 2018 The Author(s).)

Published
2018
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