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After the 1988 Constitution, Brazil experienced changes in fiscal federalism, decentralizing revenues to states and municipalities, but the restrictive federal fiscal scenario limited this. Law 9,478/97 increased royalty revenues for coastal municipalities in São Paulo, boosting investments in infrastructure and public services, which should be directed towards investments that consider the potential of each municipality. To conduct this study, we used exploratory research of a qualitative nature, with a bibliographic and documentary design. This study investigates the impact of these resources on tax revenues and economic development in the municipalities of São Sebastião and Ilhabela, concluding that, although they have boosted investments and public services, the lack of strategic direction could compromise the economic future of these regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Weeds are attractive models for basic and applied research due to their impacts on agricultural systems and capacity to swiftly adapt in response to anthropogenic selection pressures. Currently, a lack of genomic information precludes research to elucidate the genetic basis of rapid adaptation for important traits like herbicide resistance and stress tolerance and the effect of evolutionary mechanisms on wild populations. The International Weed Genomics Consortium is a collaborative group of scientists focused on developing genomic resources to impact research into sustainable, effective weed control methods and to provide insights about stress tolerance and adaptation to assist crop breeding.

Copyright of Papers: Revista de Sociologia is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Brazil, government purchases of products or services, by constitutional and legal impositions, must be preceded by bidding, whose supervision is the responsibility of the Courts of Auditors. Bids are subject to numerous frauds, including collusion between bidders, which sometimes occur through the exclusive or majority participation of the same group of business partners. The transparency of government spending is a global trend and, in Brazil, there are several public databases of the Courts of Auditors on bidding procedures. The present study, using public data, aims to verify the degree of involvement/engagement among bidders. Our research resulted in the identification of 688 bids in which the same economic group represented 100% (one hundred percent) of the bidders, which constitutes a strong presumption of fraud. The adopted approach uses graph-based databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Innovar: Revista de Ciencias Administrativas y Sociales is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work explores the nexus between ethical leadership and the effective management of public resources. The major force is that any nation's performance, seeking to achieve its goals, depends on its leadership. This is especially true when ethical leadership translates into wise public policy design and implementation and good public service delivery to meet citizens' needs and ambitions. Unfortunately, the post-independence period in Africa has been characterized by a never-ending quest for the depressing trajectory of African economies. This paper employs a literature review of various sources. The objective is to better understand ethical leadership and effective management of public resources for African development by bringing out the Tanzanian experience. This study is based on findings from the literature review. Further studies are needed to include findings from Africa and elsewhere to give an informative work from a global perspective. This work is expected to inform researchers and all stakeholders concerned with leadership and development to get crucial information on the theoretical and policy gaps that must be addressed when dealing with ethical leadership. Topical gaps in the literature are suggested as prospective research areas.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the time trend of federal public resources invested in the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Security agenda from 2000--2022. METHODS: A time series study was carried out with data collected from a publicly accessible system on the Federal Government's planning and budget. We analyzed the budget actions and their resources indicated by the Budget Allocation and the Settled Amount. The actions were categorized into themes of the Food Nutrition Security agenda, analyzed using the Prais-Winsten regression, together with the Cochrane-Orcutt method. The values were adjusted by the Broad Consumer Price Index for January 2023. RESULTS: Investment in the area of Food and Nutrition Security has shown an upward trend over two decades of federal funding, although it has shown fluctuations in certain years. The Budgetary Allocation showed an annual variation of 10.1%, and the Settled Amount obtained 10.8%. However, there is an imbalance in federal funding between strategic areas, with an upward trend in health (37.4%), food sovereignty (23.7%), and access to food (12.3%); and a downward trend in investment in some areas, such as agrarian development (-7.0%). The allocation of resources was concentrated on welfare actions to guarantee access to food, averaging 73.4% of the total resources spent. CONCLUSION: The results show that public investment in Brazil's Food and Nutrition Security agenda has been on the rise, although there have been fluctuations in certain years and a concentration of resources in specific areas. Despite having two thirds of the budget aimed exclusively at actions toward access to food, recent data shows that hunger still plagues the Brazilian reality. This reinforces the need for continuous and more equitable investment between areas, as a way of strengthening structuring public policies that permanently guarantee Food and Nutrition Security for the Brazilian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work explores the nexus between ethical leadership and the effective management of public resources. The major force is that any nation's performance, seeking to achieve its goals, depends on its leadership. This is especially true when ethical leadership translates into wise public policy design and implementation and good public service delivery to meet citizens' needs and ambitions. Unfortunately, the post-independence period in Africa has been characterized by a never-ending quest for the depressing trajectory of African economies. This paper employs a literature review of various sources. The objective is to better understand ethical leadership and effective management of public resources for African development by bringing out the Tanzanian experience. This study is based on findings from the literature review. Further studies are needed to include findings from Africa and elsewhere to give an informative work from a global perspective. This work is expected to inform researchers and all stakeholders concerned with leadership and development to get crucial information on the theoretical and policy gaps that must be addressed when dealing with ethical leadership. Topical gaps in the literature are suggested as prospective research areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tense evolution of the conflict in Ukraine could not remain without economic and financial implications for nearby countries, such as Romania. The very large influx of refugees has put pressure on national health, defense and public order systems but also on the central public administration. The reaction of the Romanian authorities was not long in coming and consisted of the immediate mobilization of budgetary resources for accommodation, humanitarian assistance, the provision of basic necessities during the temporary stay such as food, clothing or personal hygiene materials, as well as the right to receive free medical care and appropriate treatment. This article seeks to capture the reaction of local government managers and the way in which they mobilized and reacted to provide aid to refugees, although the responsibilities for providing aid and assistance rested with the central government.

The present research aims at the comparative analysis of the conditions that support the manifestation of the principle of autonomy in public administration in the administrative-territorial units, with particularization at the commune of Mérignac in France, Quebec province in Canada and Tudora commune in Romania. Through the approach, we found that, in support of local autonomy, the French territorial communities are communes, departments, regions, communities with special status, overseas communities; the Canadian territory is divided into provinces and territories, the province of Quebec being divided by municipalities, cities, parishes, villages, cantons, united cantons; the Romanian national community is divided into local communities formed into counties, municipalities, cities and communes. At the level of the three administrative-territorial units analyzed, human, material and financial public resources were identified, which together provide support for the applicability of the principle of autonomy. In addition, the consistency of local autonomy is also conferred by the recognition of the full competence of the local public administration authorities to manage the affairs of the administrative-territorial units. The fact that the acts of the local public administration authorities in the three territorial divisions are subject to control does not express a restriction on the principle of autonomy.

Copyright of IUSTA is the property of Universidad Santo Tomas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Telos is the property of Revista Telos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to improve the ability of residential disaster prevention, control, and governance, it is important to objectively measure how nearby residents' needs match the public resources of the residential area, and to understand the factors affecting the satisfaction of residents' needs at the time of lockdowns. Taking Changchun City as an example, this paper used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)-logit and Importance–Satisfaction (I–S) evaluation methods to discuss the impact mechanism and improvement strategies of residential public resource elements on the satisfaction of residents' needs during the lockdown period. The results showed the influencing factors and the degree of importance of the satisfaction of residents' needs under different types of settlements have obvious differentiation characteristics. The level of resource management can better affect the overall evaluation of residents in newly built settlements, and the quality of the conditions of the space environment is more important for the old residential communities. The satisfaction of residents in settlements has a more significant impact. Finally, the study explained the renovation proposals and their priority levels that meet the needs of residents to provide beneficial support for the resilience of urban settlements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research aims at the comparative analysis of the conditions that support the manifestation of the principle of autonomy in public administration in the administrative-territorial units, with particularization at the commune of Mérignac in France, Quebec province in Canada and Tudora commune in Romania. Through the approach, we found that, in support of local autonomy, the French territorial communities are communes, departments, regions, communities with special status, overseas communities; the Canadian territory is divided into provinces and territories, the province of Quebec being divided by municipalities, cities, parishes, villages, cantons, united cantons; the Romanian national community is divided into local communities formed into counties, municipalities, cities and communes. At the level of the three administrative-territorial units analyzed, human, material and financial public resources were identified, which together provide support for the applicability of the principle of autonomy. In addition, the consistency of local autonomy is also conferred by the recognition of the full competence of the local public administration authorities to manage the affairs of the administrative-territorial units. The fact that the acts of the local public administration authorities in the three territorial divisions are subject to control does not express a restriction on the principle of autonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tense evolution of the conflict in Ukraine could not remain without economic and financial implications for nearby countries, such as Romania. The very large influx of refugees has put pressure on national health, defense and public order systems but also on the central public administration. The reaction of the Romanian authorities was not long in coming and consisted of the immediate mobilization of budgetary resources for accommodation, humanitarian assistance, the provision of basic necessities during the temporary stay such as food, clothing or personal hygiene materials, as well as the right to receive free medical care and appropriate treatment. This article seeks to capture the reaction of local government managers and the way in which they mobilized and reacted to provide aid to refugees, although the responsibilities for providing aid and assistance rested with the central government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To successfully deliver public goods and services in order to meet the needs of a society in a continuous growth, it was necessary to establish public resources available to the public sector. The formation of financial resources at the disposal of the state and their distribution to different institutions to cover the public needs is presented through the procedures used for the allocation of resources, with a strong emphasis on the relationship between the budgetary revenues and expenses. The traditional view of public finances emphasizes public spending, which means obtaining resources in advance to cover the needs, without considering their impact on the life quality of citizens. The modern view on public finances is focused especially on the effects that public expenses generate on the society as a whole.

Copyright of Turismo: Visão e Ação is the property of Turismo-Visao E Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Environmental taxation has been developing for decades and it started to gain its importance, especially with the European Union extending. The usage of taxes as a part of environmental policy has been known for some time in Romania and developments in this area continued year by year. The present paper explores the current system of environmental taxes in Romania. It highlights the importance of car pollution tax in financing Environmental Fund and the existence of many tax liabilities irrelevant as financial importance.

Copyright of Journal Public Administration & Social Management / Administração Pública e Gestão Social is the property of Administracao Publica e Gestao Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To successfully deliver public goods and services in order to meet the needs of a society in a continuous growth, it was necessary to establish public resources available to the public sector. The formation of financial resources at the disposal of the state and their distribution to different institutions to cover the public needs is presented through the procedures used for the allocation of resources, with a strong emphasis on the relationship between the budgetary revenues and expenses. The traditional view of public finances emphasizes public spending, which means obtaining resources in advance to cover the needs, without considering their impact on the life quality of citizens. The modern view on public finances is focused especially on the effects that public expenses generate on the society as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both the size of appropriation as well as their distribution have had a profound impact on the shape and activities of the science sector. The creation of a fair system of distribution of public resources to research that will also facilitate the effective implementation of the pursued scientific policy goals represents a major challenge. The issue of the determination of the right proportions of individual distribution channels remains critical. Despite this task being the responsibility of the State, establishing cooperation in this respect with the scientific community is desirable. The implementation of solutions that raise the concerns of scientists leads to system instability and reduced effectiveness which is manifest among others in a lower level of indicators of scientific excellence and innovation in the country.

Distribution of resources is at the core of politics. Although this activity is primarily economic in nature, the existing research shows that political representatives often use the allocation of public money to reward their allies at the expense of their rivals. This paper analyses a 2015 governmental programme of local sport grants in Slovakia that aimed to build sport facilities for children and young people. In order to avoid any political bias, the programme was established as a neutral mechanism with an anonymous evaluation of grant requests. The results of analysis, however, provide substantial evidence that the subsidies were given primarily to towns with closer political ties to the government while municipalities led by mayors from the opposition were nearly fully ignored. In addition, the presented social and economic aims of the funding programme were not effectively pursued. The paper thus represents a valuable contribution to the discussion of distributive politics, in general, as it shows that, despite the respective legal framework, the allocation of resources may still end up as a process fuelled by partisan interests.

The argues that welfare state reforms and higher education reforms are closely linked to increasing intergenerational conflicts over public resources in aging societies, and reforms pressures are linked to the shrinking tax base, the power of neoliberal ideology, and changing social attitudes across Europe. The indirect impact of aging societies on all public sector services will lead to growing pressures on all public expenditures and to increased competition for public funding. A new context of university reforms in Europe is therefore defined in this paper as welfare state reforms. The paper discusses global agenda-setting and global diffusion of ideas; the impact of aging societies on intergenerational conflicts over public priorities (and public resources); globalization and pressures on welfare states; “university attitudes”, parallel to “welfare attitudes”; post-industrial societies; the role of supportive discourses in the survival of public institutions; and the role financial and ideological pressures, as well as of changing social beliefs, in reforming European welfare states and higher education.

Currently, Spanish universities meet the educational needs of the students with a wide offer of courses and the opportunity to study at all levels. They appear as an attractive option in the context of the relatively low cost of living compared to other countries in the EU area and under conditions of a tax system controlled by the Government. Starting from the assumption that the financing model of the academic education public institutions represents the foundation of their modernization in the current society based on changes and evolution, in this paper we propose to bring into the light of the concerns of those who are interested, through a persuasive exhibit, the Spanish model and its specific features. To this end, our debate will begin with a description of the Spanish system of academic education under the decentralized model of financing imprint, continuing with the presentation of specific skills in terms of funding on the triptych template: state - autonomous communities - universities. Subsequently, our investigative approach will focus on detailing the tertiary education financing sources: public resources, private and patrimonial revenues. The end of our presentation will be intended for conclusions, through which we aim to advance our vision regarding the investigated problems. In fact, the paper is intended to be a precursor step in carrying out a comparative study between the academic education funding mechanism in Romania and the Spanish one.

The objective of this research is to design a methodology to quantify distributionservicescosts ofwater in rural areas. The research carried out was of exploratory and descriptive character nature, and encompassed seventeen rural locations of Hualqui commune, Bío-Bío Region, Chile. It was mainly analyzed serial publication related to drinking water supply policies in rural zones, vehicle routing methodologies and freight transport practices.As a result, a two stages methodology was designed, the first onethat identifies input information, and the second the fixed, variable, and total costs.The main conclusions point out the feasibility of cost determination ordrinking waterdistribution in rural locations through tanker trucks and achieve greater efficiency in the management of public resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grading schemes are an increasingly common method of quality disclosure for public services. Restaurant grading makes information about food safety practices more readily available and may reduce the prevalence of foodborne illnesses. However, it may also have meaningful financial repercussions. Using fine-grained administrative data that tracks food safety compliance and sales activity for the universe of graded restaurants in New York City and its bordering counties, we assess the aggregate financial effects from restaurant grading. Results indicate that the grading policy, after an initial period of adjustment, improves restaurants' food safety compliance and reduces fines. While the average effect on revenues for graded restaurants across the municipality is null, the graded restaurants located geographically closer to an ungraded regime experience slower growth in revenues. There is also evidence of revenue convergence across graded and ungraded restaurants in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Organizações e Sustentabilidade is the property of Organizacoes e Sustentabilidade / PPGA-UEL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Contabilidade do Mestrado em Ciências Contábeis da UERJ is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyses the availability of public resources for Brazilian cultural policies. The study comes from an intrinsic relation between culture and politics, between ways of seeing, living and thinking the world and its political consequences, identifying the umbilical link between culture and hegemony in classes societies. Analyses laws based on tax waiver, specifically patronage, which presented annual values similar to the Ministry of Culture budget itself; and Living Culture Program, which represented a significant change in State intervention in cultural themes. It concludes that incentive laws mean losses in democratic control and also reproduce regional inequalities, with higher resources concentration in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, acting as marketing tool for large corporations. Living Culture Program, on the other hand, presents a more equality public resources distribution, but is still contemplated with a derisive budget compared to incentive laws.

The purpose of this study is the analysis of public resources applied to the University Restaurant for a Federal College Institution and the users' opinions of the food service. It is a case study, which involved documentary research reports of the institution's information systems and information system of the Financial Administration of the Federal Government. It was found and analyzed the financial results, the unit cost of the meal, the operational evolution of the restaurant and verification of user satisfaction. The results show a deficient activity which shows financial dependence on federal public resources, in addition to internally generated by the institution. Over this period, R$ 42.1 million have been applied in the restaurant, and the revenue generated by the restaurant was R$ 6.4 million. The feedback from users, verified by a questionnaire, shows the most satisfaction in relation to "quality food" and "price of the meal." The statistical test results of the chi-square χ2, considering that the respondents are granted with meal allowance, denotes the association significant (Р = 0.001) between the "quality food" and "variety of the menu."

The contribution deals with the spatial distribution of approved projects under the Sectoral Operational Programme - Agriculture and Rural Development (SOP ARD) in the programme period 2004-2006. The approved projects from agrifood industry were concentrated in the production regions of western and southern Slovakia. It does not indicate only the high absorption capacity of the enterprise subjects, but also really well prepared projects in these regions. In the next programme period, we will have to count with unevenly distributed projects. On the other hand, the low absorption ability in the northern and mainly eastern areas of the SR may result in forming the islands of extreme extensity with negative socio-economical impacts. The SOP ARD (analogous to Sapard) accelerates the process of enterprising selection and significantly supports the increase of competitiveness in economically powerful farms.

The subject of this article is to explain what is now “proper management” public housing stock, to a new phenomenon, which is the gradual privatization of apartments in buildings originally belonging to public resources. The new ownership structure makes the need to verify the functionality of the regulations concerning the management premises located on public property, which shares common parts belong to entities both public and private. The main plot of this article is research if the regulations on rent of public the premises (not just municipal sources) has adequate shape to solve actual problems. It turns out that there is a lack of cohesion in the legislative, which is a consequence of the dispersion of public resources (it was presented in point 3: Municipal housing resource and other public housing resources). Another important issue that should be recognized by the legislator, are changes in a structure of the ownership leading public subjects to participation in cost of maintenance of common part of real property (mixed residential complexes). As a rule, the municipality is obliged to bear them, but due to the public origin of these funds, it is necessary to tighten the rules on supervision over their spending. On this point there are the conclusions de lege ferenda. Translated by Iwona Szymczak