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Oštećenje sluha stekne svaka četvrta osoba u dobi iznad 60. godine. Ono otežava komunikaciju i time narušava društveni život, emocionalnu dobrobit, funkcionalni status i mentalno zdravlje. Smanjenje njegova utjecaja na kvalitetu života suvremena intervencija nastoji ostvariti psihosocijalnim pristupom. To podrazumijeva nadogradnju dodjele slušnog pomagala instrukcijskim aktivnostima, komunikacijskim treningom i savjetovanjem koje provode različiti stručnjaci radi osnaživanja novih korisnika slušnih pomagala u prihvaćanju gubitka sluha, maksimalnom iskorištavanju preostalog sluha za uspješnu komunikaciju te sprječavanju socijalne izolacije. Ovaj rad opisuje pretpostavke i sastavnice holističkog, interdisciplinarnog procesa intervencije u području stečenog oštećenja sluha kod starijih osoba. U radu je izneseno do sada spoznato o: složenim posljedicama oštećenja sluha i njihovoj vrlo individualnoj prirodi; ovisnosti uspjeha intervencije o utvrđivanju i zadovoljavanju različitih specifičnih pojedinačnih potreba proizašlih iz gubitka sluha; načinima strukturiranja i evaluacije psihosocijalne intervencije; doprinosu holističkog modela intervencije prevenciji i/ili ublažavanju ukupnog utjecaja gubitka sluha na kvalitetu života., Every fourth person aged over 60 years acquires hearing loss. Due to its interference with interpersonal ­communication, hearing loss undermines social life, emotional well-being, functional status and mental health. Modern intervention seeks to reduce the impact of hearing loss on the quality of life through a psycho-social approach. This implies upgrading the hearing aid fitting process with instructional activities, communication training and counseling carried out by an interdisciplinary team. The team’s task is to empower a new hearing aid user to accept hearing loss, to use the ­residual hearing capabilities for functional communication and to prevent social isolation. This paper describes the assumptions and components of a holistic, interdisciplinary process of intervention in the area of acquired hearing loss in the elderly. The paper presents the complex consequences of hearing loss and their highly individual nature; the way on which intervention outcomes depend on determining and satisfying various specific individual needs resulting from hearing loss; the structure and evaluation process of psychosocial intervention for elderly with hearing loss; contribution of the holistic model of ­intervention to the prevention and/or mitigation of the overall impact of hearing loss on quality of life.

Hope has a special importance for persons with disabilities, who are often overwhelmed with negative emotions of sadness, anxiety and fear of the future. The concept of hope can be determined as inner strength which helps in overcoming the effects of negative life circumstances. The aim of the study was to determine the overall level of hope in three groups of persons with disability, and to establish its relationship with sociodemographic variables. The sample (N=929) consisted of persons with physical disabilities (N=351), hearing impairments (N=337) and visual impairments (N=241). The following scales were applied: Herth Hope Index (HHI) and Sociodemographic questionnaire. The results indicate that younger participants expressed higher level of hope compared to older participants, women compared to the men, more educated participants had more hope than participants with lower educational level, employed participants and students had more hope than unemployed and retired participants, married and unmarried participants had more hope than divorced and widowed participants, participants who live with a partner, with a partner and children or with parents had more hope than participants who live only with children, and participants with higher income had more hope than participants with lower income. Persons with sensory impairments expressed higher optimism regarding future goals, higher optimism for overcoming problems, and higher optimism for receiving outside support compared to persons with physical disabilities. Nada ima poseban značaj za osobe s ometenošću, često preplavljene negativnim osećanjima tuge, strepnje i straha od budućnosti. Koncept nade može da se odredi kao unutrašnja snaga koja pomaže u prevazilaženju efekata negativnih životnih događaja. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se utvrdi nivo nade kod tri različite grupe osoba s ometenošću i njegova povezanost sa sociodemografskim karakteristikama ispitanika. Uzorak je obuhvatio 929 ispitanika, 351 ispitanik je bio s motoričkim oštećenjem, 337 s oštećenjem sluha i 241 s oštećenjem vida. Primenjene su skale: Skala nade Hertove (HHI - Herth Hope Index) i Upitnik o sociodemografskim podacima. Rezultati pokazuju da više nade ispoljavaju mlađi ispitanici u odnosu na grupu starijih ispitanika, žene u odnosu na muškarce, obrazovaniji u odnosu na manje obrazovane, zaposleni i studenti u odnosu na nezaposlene i penzionere, oženjeni i neoženjeni u odnosu na razvedene i udovce, oni ko ji žive sa partnerom, s partnerom i decom ili s roditeljima u odnosu na one koji žive samo s decom i ispitanici s visokim ili srednjim prihodima u odnosu na one sa niskim prihodima. Osobe sa senzornom ometenošću ispoljavaju više nade u pogledu ostvarenja budućih ciljeva, postojanja unutrašnje snage za prevladavanje, dobijanja spoIjašnje podrške u odnosu na osobe sa motoričkim oštećenjem.