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Batak Toba community who live in the surrounding forests utilise forest-fruits that grow around their settlement. This research aims to describe the important value of the forest fruits using the Local Users Value Index (LUVI) assessment as most of the fruits have not yet been traded. The research was conducted in Simardangiang and Sitoluama Villages in North Tapanuli Regency, 2015. Data collection was done by interviewing 65 respondents selected purposively based on gender and age classification. The results showed that there were 29 species of forest fruits utilised by the community. They were categorised into four utilisation types: fresh fruit, flavouring fruit, processed fruit, and medicines. In Simardangiang Village, the five most important fruits were kapundung or menteng ( Baccaurea racemose ) (0.56), hopong ( Macaranga lowii ) (0.52), sotul, santol or sentul ( Sandoricum koetjape ) (0.48), harimonting or kemunting ( Rhodomyrtus tomentosa ) (0.47), and habo or kabau ( Archidendron bubalinum ) (0.42). Meanwhile, in Sitoluama Village, the five most important fruits were kapundung ( Baccaurea racemosa ) (0.50), hopong ( Macaranga lowi i) (0.41), sihim or rotan manau ( Calamus manan ) (0.32), handis or gamboge ( Garcinia xanthochymus ) (0.32), and mobe ( Artocarpus dadah ) (0.19). The numbers in parentheses are the important value based on LUVI. The forest fruits that have domestication potency are kapundung ( Baccaurea racemose ), hopong ( Macaranga Iowii ), sihim ( Calamus manan ), handis ( Garcinia xanthochymus ), mobe ( Artocarpus dadah ), harimonting ( Rhodomyrtus tomentosa ), sotul ( Sandorium koetjape ) and habo ( Archidendron bubalinum ).

Kabau, an unexplored crop, was analyzed to determine its nutrition and antinutrition components and in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD). Some conventional processes, such as steaming, frying, and boiling, were carried out to study their effect. The results indicated that all of the techniques reduced carbohydrate content. Frying significantly increased the fat content of Kabau and reduced other nutritional components. In general, all the methods significantly reduced phytic acid, tannin, and trypsin inhibitors, as much as 94.95–96.26%, 20–35%, and 89.22–92.88%, respectively. The reduction of antinutritional components resulted in higher IVPD on boiled and steamed Kabau, 69.47% and 61.48%, respectively.

Kabau (Archidendron bubalinum) is one of the plants that is often used as food ingredients and has the potential to be developed in the health sector. This study aims to determine the antioxidant potential of kabau seeds using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picril hidrazil (DPPH) and ferric reducing ability power (FRAP) methods and to identify active compounds of kabau seeds using GC-MS. Kabau seeds were macerated using 70% ethanol and 99.9% ethanol. The results showed that 99.9% ethanol extract of kabau seed coat had the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 26.75 ppm for the DPPH method and 121.55 ppm for the FRAP method, respectively. Identification of active compounds using GC-MS showed that 99.9% ethanol extract of kabau seed coat contained the most 9,12-octadecadienoic acid compounds (linoleic acid) so that it could be developed as an antioxidant.

The objective was to obtain information about the impact of innovation in rice cattle integration on farmers' income in Sarolangun District, Jambi by using technology IPM Paddy. A study was carried out on the utilisation of cattle waste for rice farming in rainfed rice fields in Pematang Kabau at Sarolangun District, Jambi, Indonesia, from October 2017 to February 2018. There were 25 cooperators in the Sumber Rezki farmer group divided into three treatment groups. The first group applied manure and inorganic treatment for rice cultivation and cattle maintenance with the intensive system, the second group applied inorganic treatment for rice cultivation and cattle maintenance with intensive system, and the third cooperator farmers applied no manure and inorganic treatment and cattle maintenance with extensive system. The rice variety namely Inpara 3 and Bali cattle were used in the experiment. Data was analyzed descriptively. The results showed the production of harvested dry unhulled rice in each treatment was 6.56, 4.75 and 3.51 tons/ha, and birth rate of calves was 84.6, 80, and 75% each treatment, respectively. The revenue farming analysis was Rp. 20,552,000, -, Rp. 18,606,250, - and Rp. 14,509,300, - and the RC ratio was 2.03, 1.85 and 1.64, respectively.

Review essay of: James Thuo Gathii. The Contested Empowerment of Kenya’s Judiciary, 2010–2015: A Historical Institutional Analysis (Sheria Publishing 2016), and Morris Kiwinda Mbondenyi, Evelyne Owiye Asaala, Tom Kabau, & Attiya Waris, eds. Human Rights and Democratic Governance in Kenya: A Post-2007 Appraisal (PUP 2015).

Adolescent nutrition and health issues need to be considered because adolescents are the next generation that determines the quality of human resources. Likewise, adolescents who are living in marginal conditions such as the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) need to receive special attention due to the lack of access to information and nutrition education in these groups. Therefore, the purpose of this service is to educate adolescent nutrition and health in the indigenous community of Suku Anak Dalam (SAD). This activity was carried out in June - August 2020, in Pematang Kabau Village, Sarolangun Regency. The target is 10 SAD adolescents. This activity consists of providing education with power point media, leaflets, posters, and videos, as well as demonstrations using food models. The outputs of the community service activities are: (1) Media leaflets and health nutrition posters and; (2) Application of balanced nutrition in adolescents. The results showed that a better change to aspects of nutritional knowledge where most targets can recognize and mention foods that are good for health, and can exemplify simple ways of monitoring nutritional status such as weighing, height, and measurement of Upper Arm Circumference. Based on this activity it is necessary to collaborate efforts from village officials, nutrition cadres and health workers to carry out routine nutrition and health monitoring on SAD adolescents so as to improve the health status of the SAD community.

Crocidolomia pavonana Fabricius is an important pest in the Brassicaceae family that can cause up to 10% -100% yield losses. One of the plants that are considered as potential botanical insecticides is Kabau Plant (Archidendron microcarpum (Benth.). This study was aimed to determine the ability of kabau pell crude extract to control C.pavonana. The study was conducted at Rejang Lebong State Community Academy Campus and Natural Resources Organic Laboratory of Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, from September 2016 to February 2017. The research was conducted in three stages: filter, bioactivity, and chemical profile examination. The results showed that the kabau peel crude extract was classified as an active insecticide for C.pavonana. At a concentration of 0.5%, kabau peel crude extract caused larval mortality to reach 63.33% in the filter test and 70% in the bioactivity test. The extract consisted of phenolic compounds, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Keywords: Kabau plant, secondary metabolite, botanical insecticide, Crocidolomi pavonana

This study aims to prove empirically the influence of the resources used, creativity and courage to face risks towards the innovative adoption of Minang Kabau craftsmanship of handicraft sub-craftsmanship. In this study all 467 people from West Sumatra typical craftsmen were sampled. . The analysis model used in this study is simple regression which is processed using the STATA program assistance. Based on the results of the tests that have been conducted it was found that the resources possessed, business creativity, and courage to face risks influence the adoption of innovations of Minang Kabau's unique sub-embroidery business actors.Keywords: Adopsi inovasi; sumber daya; kreatifitas; keberanian menghadapi risiko

Membantai Kabau Nan Gadang is the traditional herritage from ancestors with a purpose planting patterns simultaneously. In a Minangkabau proverb is said “ka sawah basamo-samo, ka ladang badakok-dakok”. The history of this traditional ceremony is a form of trustworthiness of the local community which is a part of the local wisdom in farming activity for increasing sufficiency of food through planting patterns simultaneously. The purposes of this research are : background of the traditional ceremony and the implementation process. This research is qualitative research. It was conducted with the ethnography approach. The results of this research: The history of this traditional ceremony was a symbol peace between ancestors in snatching area, and reasons of the society defend: belief of nature, the history of Nagari Alam Pauh Duo, and collective awareness of niniak mamak. The process in two days. The first day is slaughtering buffalo. The second day is eating bajamba surang-surang, watching regional art, agriculture department officer gives instructions and reading amad. The last step is closing by praying together.

The research was conduct ed to know technology-application level and elucidator part on “ K abau Antrada” group in Dhamasraya. Research method use was case study method with census taken sample, which mean all of the 21 person members kabau antrada group became respondent.. Observation and interviewed (questioners) was done to get primary data. The result shown that every topic has given increase d the technology-application at kabau antrada group K oto B aru D istrict Dhamasraya R egency. For example selection of breeding stock increas ed 76.19%, feed increase d 73.47%, management improvement increase s 74.83%, diseases prevention increase d 71.43%, followed product selling 73.21%. The average of “panca usaha ternak” was 73.83%. Extension part not so deep on “kabau antrada” group even thought the average technology-packet on panca usaha tani has increase d . These increasing cause d of farmer experience and academicians part.

Kokok Balenggek chicken is a genetic resources from West Sumatra Province, Indonesia, well known as song fowl which has high economic commodity for Minang Kabau tribes. There is an important need to identify bioacoustic marker of Kokok Balenggek song fowl in Solok regency of West Sumatra, Indonesia. This research was aimed to collect basic data of crow characteristics of Kokok Balenggek song fowl. This research was conducted in a captive breeding farm “Agutalok”, Solok Regency, Indonesia. The number of 21 heads of adult male Kokok Balenggek chicken were selected as samples in this project. Song characteristics of Kokok Balenggek chicken was observed using time sampling method. Time observation was performed in three time period; Morning (4-6 a.m), Noon (11 a.m – 1 p.m) and Afternoon (4-6 p.m) for three days consecutively. Some parameters such as number of crows, number of phrase crows, time of crows, duration of crows, and frequency of crows were recorded during the observation. The results showed that the number of crows were ranging 5-11 crows, number of phrases crow were 8-14 phrases, time of crows were happened more frequent in the morning, duration of crows were 3.22 seconds happened frequently at Noon with frequency of crows were 9.39 times/10 minutes.

Minangkabau is perhaps best known in anthropological circles for its system of matrilineal clans and lineages. This fame is more than any thing else due to the important work of de Josselin de Jong (1951) based on a vast amount of literature devoted to the study of Minangkabau adat (customary law) which appeared in the 19th century and the early decades of the 20th century. The discussion of traditional Minangkabau social organisation more recently has stimulated a considerable amount of work on the nature of social change in West Sumatra, and in particular on the effects of the penetration of capitalism on matrilineal organisation. Gough, for example, suggests that "traditional" matrilineal systems break down as a result of "economic changes brought about by contact with Western industrial nations". She argues that the dissolution of matriliny means "that matrilineal groups disintegrate. In their place, the elementary family emerges as the key kinship group ..." (in Schneider and Gough, eds., 1962: 631). She cites the work of de Josselin de Jong and Schrieke (1955) in her attempt to show that such is the case for Minang kabau. The student of modern Minangkabau society is, however, faced with a curious paradox. While Schrieke, writing of the period after the turn of the century, discussed the breakdown of matriliny, and while pre dictions of its demise are frequent (cf. Mare tin, 1961), matrilineal organisation seems to retain an important place in modern Minang kabau. This "survival" has been described for urban areas in West Sumatra (cf. Evers, 1975), but as yet little has been published on the role of present-day matrilineal kinship in its more traditional setting, i.e. the nagari or villages of the Minangkabau heartland. It is my intention in this article to present a synthesis of some material