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Copyright of Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study used 20 Awassi lambs with an average weight of 25.65 ± 3.29 kg and ages between 4-5 months. The lambs in all groups were fed the basal diet without any additives in the first group (control). In the second group, lambs were fed a basal diet in addition to 30 g/lamb of raw fenugreek seeds (RF); in the third and fourth groups, lambs were fed a basal diet with heat-treated (HF) and germinated seeds (GF). The results showed insignificant differences in final body weight and daily gain, feed efficiency was lowered in all fenugreek treatments as compared control, the lambs fed with (HF) had better feed efficiency within fenugreek treatments. Dressing percentage was higher (P≤0.05) in GF (52.47%) as compared to control (49.32%) and RF (48.98%). Back fat thickness decreased in all fenugreek treatments compared to the control. Tail and total fat were not affected significantly with treatments. Fat percent in ribs 9-10-11 was higher (P≤0.05) in RF and HF groups (35.19 and 32.15%) as compared with control (25.32%), while the value in GF (27.32%) was close to the control. In addition, germination and heat treatments of fenugreek seeds led to an alteration in chemical composition and change in bioactive compounds compared to raw seeds. The most critical change observed is the decrease in oxalate compounds in the heat-treated fenugreek compared to other treatments. In conclusion, fenugreek seeds in 30 g/lamb daily had a detrimental effect on productive performance, and treated with heat or germination reduced the adverse impact of raw seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted in the animals' field of the Department of Animal Production / College of Agriculture and Forestry/University of Mosul, to clarify the impact of adding a mixture of enzymes Amylase, Protease and Cellulose with the probiotic in different proportions on milk production and its components in Awassi ewes. The study was carried out by using 12 ewes by using cross over design, the ewes were divided into three groups and fed periodically on the experimental feed at three periods, and each period took up 17 days (15 days' adaptation period and two days for the collection of milk and blood samples). The ewes in all treatments were fed on standard feed formed of barley, wheat bran, soybeans and wheat straw, with a 1.5 kg/ewe per day of feed, without addition in first treatment (control), or with adding 2g from enzymes mixture and probiotic per ewe per day in the second treatment, while adding 4g of mixture enzymes and probiotic per ewe per day in third treatment. The results showed an improvement in milk production by 10% and 7%, when adding a mixture of enzymes and probiotics in the second and third treatments compared to the control, while the addition was not affected on milk components of protein, fat, lactose and solid non-fat. The results of blood measurements pointed out a significant increase (p = 0.05) in the concentration of the total protein and globulin in second treatment 7.75 and 3.51 g/dl, respectively, compared to the control treatment 6.95 and 2.7 g/100 ml, respectively, while triglycerides decreased significantly (p = 0.05) in second treatment, 38.44 mg/dl as compared to the third treatment 43.91 mg/dl. In general, the addition of the enzymes mixture and probiotic improved the production of milk and blood immune proteins in Awassi ewes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted in the Department of Animal Production/College of Agriculture and Forestry/University of Mosul from 3/4/2022 to 3/2/2023, by using forty Awassi ewes aged between 3-5 years and with an average weight of (42 kg). The ewes were distributed into two groups depending on the structure of growth hormone genes (AA,AG) to study the effect of genetic structure on milk yield and composition by using PCRRFLP technique. The growth hormone gene was detected by amplifying the gene based on the genome primer. The number of ewes that are born and have AA genotype were 17ewes, while those have AG gene and were 7 ewes only. Results revealed that ewes that have AA structure of growth hormone gene produced more milk significantly (p ≤ 0.01) the total milk yield during 90 days was 25.19 kg as compared with those that had AG structure for growth hormone which was 19.48 kg. This increase in milk production was accompanied with increase in milk fat significantly at the first and third months of lactation period. Otherwise, the other milk components of protein, lactose and solid non-fat were not affected by the difference in growth hormone genotype. We conclude from the results in this study that the genotype of growth hormone has an important role in causing changes in the amount of milk produced and its fat content in the local Awassi ewes, and this has an additional effect on the growth of lambs and its ability to survive to the weaning [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an investigation into the mathematical concepts of neutrosophic folding and neuretraction on neutrosophic manifolds, specifically focusing on their application in hyperspace. Through the application of specific transformations on a neutrosophic manifold situated in hyperspace, we can obtain neutrosophic manifolds in lower dimensions. Based on our research, we can accurately establish the connection between neutrosophic folding and neuretraction on a neutrosophic manifold. Furthermore, we can determine the relationship between neuretraction and neutrosophic folding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted in Nineveh Research Department at Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq, when a total of 21 Awassi ewes aged 2-3 years and weighing 48.61 ± 3.27 kg were used to evaluate the effect of feeding reed with addition of mixture of enzymes and probiotic on body weight and some blood parameters. The ewes were divided in to three groups (7 ewes per treatment). The first tr.eatment was fed daily concentrate diet (5kg/group) plus 3 kg of wheat straw. In the second group, the wheat straw was replaced with chopped common reed leaves while 2 gm of mixture of enzymes and probiotic was added. Results showed a significant increase (p≤0.05) in favor of the third treatment in the total weight gain of 5.00 kg and daily gain 70.85 g as compared with the second treatment 3.71 kg and 52.57 g respectively. Significantly (p≤0.05) increase was noted in blood total protein and globulin this was associated with a decrease in blood albumin in the second and third treatments compared to the first treatment. A significant increase (p≤0.05) was observed in the third treatment in the triglycerides 152.32 mg /dl compared to the first and second treatments 105.84 and 115.20 mg/dl. In general, it is possible to substitute common reed instead of wheat straw and to improve the efficiency of common reed utilization by adding a mixture of enzymes and probiotic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]