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Aims: This study aimed to explore the pathomechanism of a mutation on the leucine‐rich glioma inactivated 1 gene (LGI1) identified in a family having autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe epilepsy (ADLTE), using a precise knock‐in mouse model. Methods and Results: A novel LGI1 mutation, c.152A>G; p. Asp51Gly, was identified by whole exome sequencing in a Chinese family with ADLTE. The pathomechanism of the mutation was explored by generating Lgi1D51G knock‐in mice that precisely phenocopied the epileptic symptoms of human patients. The Lgi1D51G/D51G mice showed spontaneous recurrent generalized seizures and premature death. The Lgi1D51G/+ mice had partial epilepsy, with half of them displaying epileptiform discharges on electroencephalography. They also showed enhanced sensitivity to the convulsant agent pentylenetetrazole. Mechanistically, the secretion of Lgi1 was impaired in the brain of the D51G knock‐in mice and the protein level was drastically reduced. Moreover, the antiepileptic drugs, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and sodium valproate, could prolong the survival time of Lgi1D51G/D51G mice, and oxcarbazepine appeared to be the most effective. Conclusions: We identified a novel epilepsy‐causing mutation of LGI1 in humans. The Lgi1D51G/+ mouse model, precisely phenocopying epileptic symptoms of human patients, could be a useful tool in future studies on the pathogenesis and potential therapies for epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To study the relationship between water temperature and floating time of aquatic cadavers, providing a reference for more precise positioning and searching for floating corpses., Methods: The floating model of guinea pig after drowning at 17-30 ℃ was established, and the floating times of carcasses were recorded. The collected data of 32 floating corpse cases in the Pearl River were sorted out and analyzed according to the floating time of corpses corresponding to each degree of water temperature. The relationship models between water temperature and the floating time of guinea pig carcass, and between that and the floating time of real cases were established., Results: The floating time of the cadaver was negatively correlated with water temperature. The power function fitting equation of the relationship between floating time and water temperature of guinea pig carcass was y =1 × 10 15 x -10.530 ( R 2 =0.871, P <0.01), and the power function fitting equation of the relationship between corpse floating time and water temperature was y =3 × 10 6 x -3.467 ( R 2 =0.802, P <0.01)., Conclusions: It is found that average floating cadaver time has a power function with water temperature, which provides a reference for locating floating cadavers and establishing search models.

Objectives: To study the phenomenon of pulmonary hypostasis in corpses of various causes of death, and to explore the potential value of this phenomenon in assisting forensic pathological diagnosis of drowning., Methods: A total of 235 cases with clear cause of death through systematic autopsy were collected from January 2011 to June 2021 in Guangzhou. According to the location of body discovery, the cases were divided into the water body group (97 cases) and the non - water body group (138 cases), and the water body group was further divided into the water drowning group (90 cases) and the water non - drowning group (7 cases). Non-water body group was further divided into the non - water drowning group (1 case) and the non - water non - drowning group (137 cases). Three senior forensic pathologists independently reviewed autopsy photos to determine whether there was hypostasis in the lungs. The detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis was calculated., Results: The detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis in the water drowning group (90 cases) was 0, and the negative rate was 100%. The detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis in the water non - drowning group (7 cases) was 100% and the negative rate was 0. The detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis in the water body group and in the non - water body group (after excluding 2 cases, 136 cases were calculated) was 7.22% and 87.50%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis between water body group and non - water body group, and between water drowning group and water non - drowning group ( P <0.05)., Conclusions: The disappearance of pulmonary hypostasis can be used as a specific cadaveric sign to assist in the forensic pathological diagnosis of drowning.